zooplankton analysis of blue lake october 23 rd, 2010 ben majsterek, mary coyle, jackie hancock, and...
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![Page 1: Zooplankton Analysis of Blue Lake October 23 rd, 2010 Ben Majsterek, Mary Coyle, Jackie Hancock, and Mary Ruskovich](https://reader036.vdocument.in/reader036/viewer/2022062314/56649ef35503460f94c05d8c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Zooplankton Analysis of Blue Lake October 23rd, 2010
Ben Majsterek, Mary Coyle, Jackie Hancock, and Mary Ruskovich
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Introduction
• Kettle lake formation, heavy macrophytes, and extremely thick sediment along bottom “bottomless lake”
• 100’s of bullhead catfish as well as 60 hatchery rainbow trout stocked ~2 years ago
• Used for fishing, boating, swimming, and as aesthetic appeal
• Goal: reduce macrophytes and algae, increase zooplankton abundance, properly manage fish stocks, maximize recreational use
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Methods
• Site selection– Li-Cor meter – aphotic vs photic– Temperature profile – unstratified
• Northeast to Southwest transect– Five locations, 3 replicates, entire water column with a
12.5 cm closing plankton net
• Preserved with formalin for 2 weeks and analyzed at the U of I lab to determine zooplankton density and species distribution
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Location of SitesBlue Lake Oct. 23rd , 2010
1
2
3
4
5
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Site 1
Ceriodaphnia Cyclopid Daiphanosoma0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Me
an
In
div
idu
als
/L
Mean individuals/L for ceriodaphnia, cyclopoid, and diaphanosoma: 6.33, 7.66, and .333 individuals/L
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Ceriod
aphn
ia
Lept
odor
a
Cyclop
oid
Diapha
noso
ma
Calano
id
Harpa
ctico
id0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Me
an
Id
ivid
ua
ls/L
Site 2: Mean individuals/L for ceriodaphnia, leptodora, cyclopoid, diaphanosoma, calanoid, harpacticoid: 8.33, 0.66, 9.33, 1.66, 2 and 0.66 individuals/L
Site 2
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Ceriodaphnia Leptodora Cyclopoid Bosmina0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Me
an
In
div
idu
al/L
Site 3
Mean individuals/L for ceriodaphnia, leptodora, cyclopoid, and bosmina: 10, 0.33, 3.33, and 0.33 individuals/L
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Cerio-daphnia
Leptodora Cyclopoid Bosmina0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8M
ean
idiv
idua
ls/L
Mean individuals/L for ceriodaphnia, leptodora, cyclopoid, and bosmina: 7.33, 0.33, 5.33 and 0.33 individuals/L
Site 4
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Ceriodaphnia Leptodora Cyclopoid Diaphanosoma Calanoid0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Mea
n
indi
vidu
als/
L
Mean individuals/L for ceriodaphnia, leptodora, cyclopoid, diaphanosoma, and calanoid: 6, 1.66. 2.33, 0.33, and 1 individuals/L
Site 5
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Ceriodaphnia Leptodora Cyclopoid Diaphanosoma Calanoid Harpacticoid Bosmina0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Total individuals/L for sites 1-5. Individuals/L for ceriodaphnia, leptodora, cyclopoid, diaphanosoma, calanoid, harpacticoid, and bosmina are 38, 3, 28, 2.33, 3, 0.67, and 0.67
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Zooplankton
Ceriodaphnia Cyclopoid copepod
Calanoid copepod Bosmina
(Jones, B. 2006)
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Fish Species
• Bullhead Catfish (Ameiurus spp.)– Diet: plants, detritus, small fish, worms and
zooplankton
• Rainbow Trout– Diet: midges, Diptera, Ephemeroptera, and
Nemouridae larvae, fish, large zooplankton
• Largemouth Bass– Diet: crustaceans, variety of invertebrates,
fish, and odonate nymphs
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Discussion• Significant absence of large zooplankton
– Fast growth in trout when first stocked– Large bullhead population
• Changes (recent rainbow trout addition) may have long term effects – increased eutrophication– Increased dependency on human supplied feed
Current management structures and goals cannot be met without change in other
aspects
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Alternatives
• Ecological Improvement (swimming, aesthetic improvement, improved clarity)– Reduction of trout and bullhead stocks
• Fishery Improvement– Continual feeding of trout– Cons: may have long term effects – increased eutrophication
• Change fishery structure– Movement from trout fishery to bass – Removal of a large portion of bullhead population
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Conclusion
• Zooplankton stocks are depleted and cannot sustain current fish populations alone
• To improve any aspect of the lake, another factor will have to change
i.e. continued fish stocks at these numbers and nutrient levels will may result in murky, algae filled water
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References• Ahrenstorff, T. D. and M. R. Helmus. 2009. The influence of littoral zone
coarse woody habitat on home range size, spatial distribution, and feeding ecology of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). Hydrobiologia 623:223-233.
• Cisneros, R., E. Hooker, and L.E. Velasquez. 1991. Natural diet of herbivorous zooplankton in Lake Xolotlan (Managua). Aquatic Ecology. 25: 163-167.
• Jones, B. 2006. Limnology. Indiana University. http://classwebs.spea.indiana.edu/joneswi/e455/
• Newell, A. E. 1960. Biological survey of the lakes and ponds in Coos, Grafton and Carroll Counties. New Hampshire Fish Game Surv. Rep. 8a:297.
• Harlan, J. R. and E. B. Speaker. 1956. Iowa fish and fishing. 3rd Ed. State of Iowa. 377pp.
• Steiner L. 2002. Pennsylvania Fishes. 117-123 http://www.fish.state.pa.us/pafish/fishhtms/chap13.htm