zootaxa, coleoptera, agrilus

507

Accepted by P.J. Johnson: 21 Apr. 2004; published: 7 May 2004 1

ZOOTAXAISSN 1175-5326 (print edition)

ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition)Copyright © 2004 Magnolia Press

Zootaxa 507: 1–19 (2004) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/

Revision of Agrilus acutus (Thunberg, 1787) and related species (Coleoptera: Buprestidae)

EDUARD JENDEKInstitute of Zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-842 06 Bratislava, SlovakiaE-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

A revision of the following species of Agrilus is given: A. acutus (Thunberg, 1787); A. dianthus Kerremans,

1892; A. coelestis Deyrolle, 1864; A. acanthopterus Harold, 1869; A. cyaneofasciatus Théry, 1930; A. paradis-

eus Obenberger, 1924 and A. mikusiakorum new species. All species are illustrated. The following taxonomic

changes are proposed: A. acanthopterus and A. cyaneofasciatus are revalidated; A. dianthus new status is con-

sidered as a species; A. acutus (= frater Deyrolle, 1864 new synonym; = menadoensis Obenberger, 1924 new

synonym); A. coelestis (= fructus Kerremans, 1896 new synonym; = lombokanus Kerremans, 1900 new syn-

onym; = leniens Obenberger, 1936 new synonym); A. acanthopterus (= luzonicus Kerremans, 1914 new syn-onym; = piperi Fisher, 1921 new synonym); A. cyaneofasciatus (= indius Bellamy, 1998 new synonym).

Agrilus mucronatus Boheman, 1858 is a synonym of A. acanthopterus and not A. acutus. Agrilus diacanthus

Haan; A. diacanthus Dejean, 1836 and A. asphaltipennis Obenberger, 1924 are unavailable names. Lectotypes

of nine species are designated.

Key words: Taxonomy, synonymy, revision, Coleoptera, Buprestidae, Agrilinae, Agrilus

Introduction

Agrilus acutus (Thunberg, 1787) is one of the oldest species described from the Orientalregion and is also the most widely distributed (Fig. 16) and the most variable species inthis region. Subsequently, many related taxa have been described, which can be character-ized by the outer angles of the elytral apices being sharply spinate. Because of the accumu-lation of taxonomic problems, only selected species are treated in this revision.

The taxa examined herein can be divided into two groups of very closely related spe-cies (see key to species): acutus-group (A. acutus; A. dianthus Kerremans, 1892; A. coeles-tis Deyrolle, 1864; A. acanthopterus Harold, 1869 and A. cyaneofasciatus Théry, 1930)and paradiseus-group (A. paradiseus Obenberger, 1924 and A. mikusiakorum new spe-cies).

JENDEK2 © 2004 Magnolia Press

507ZOOTAXA Material and methods

The following abbreviations are used in the text: [p], preceding data ‘printed’; [h], preced-ing data ‘handwritten’. Square brackets “[ ]” are used for my remarks and addenda; thebackslash “\” is used to separate data from different labels. Abbreviations for museumsand collections are:

BMNH = The Natural History Museum, London, England; EJCB = Collection of E.Jendek, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia; GNCV = Collection of G.Novak, Vienna, Austria; ISNB = Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Brus-sels, Belgium; MCSN = Museo Civico di Storia Naturale "Giacomo Doria", Genova, Italy;MNHN = Muséum national d´Histoire naturelle, Paris, France; NMEG = Naturkundemu-seum Erfurt, Erfurt, Germany; NMPC = Národní muzeum, Prague, Czech Republic;USNM = The United States National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution,Washington D. C., USA; UZIU = Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; ZMUC = Univer-sity of Copenhagen, Zoological Museum, København, Denmark; ZMUK = UniversitätKiel, Zoologisches Museum, Kiel, Germany.

In the synonymy, specific names are cited chronologically and in agreement with gen-der of the genus of current assignment, followed by the author, the date and the page num-ber for the original description. In the parentheses, the original generic assignment and theoriginal rank for species-group name if other then species (e.g., subspecies, variety, formor aberration) is specified. Preoccupied and replacement names are also annotated inparentheses. Because the original and current generic assignments are specified, the authoris not enclosed by parentheses as required by ICZN (Article 51.3). Unavailable names arecited separately. The reason for considering a name as unavailable is discussed in the text.

Subsequently fixed name-bearing types were provided with a printed red label bearingall relevant data: e.g., type status, species name in original combination and correct spell-ing, author, year of the publication and an inscription “E. Jendek design.” along with yearof designation.

The type locality is quoted in the language and form of the original citation, the orderof these data is sometimes altered from the original sequence. Label data of subsequentlyfixed name-bearing types are literally transcribed and enclosed in quotation marks. To pre-serve original locality data from original descriptions and specimens, my complementaryinformation and updates are consistently given in “[ ]”.

Localities have been updated according to the GEOnet Names Server of the NationalImagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA) or Microsoft Encarta Interactive World Atlas2001. Localities written in Cyrillic characters were transliterated to Latin characters.Transliteration was based on the British standard.

© 2004 Magnolia Press 3Agrilus

507ZOOTAXAAgrilus acutus (Thunberg), Fig. 1

acutus Thunberg, 1787: 52. (Buprestis)armatus Weber, 1801: 74. (Buprestis)cupreopunctatus Herbst, 1801: 248, Pl. 155, fig. 8a, 8b. (Buprestis)spinosus Fabricius, 1801: 214. (Buprestis)pulchellus Kirby, 1818: 380–381. (Buprestis)frater Deyrolle, 1864: 137, 155–156. (Agrilus) new synonymmenadoensis Obenberger, 1924a: 26. (Agrilus) new synonym

Unavailable namesdiacanthus Haandiacanthus Dejean, 1836: 93.asphaltipennis Obenberger, 1924b: 560, 578.

Buprestis acuta Thunberg, lectotype %, UZIU, by present designation: “Uppsala Univ.Zool. Mus. Thunbergsaml. nr. 10634 Buprestis acuta Mus. Thunb. TYP [p] [red label]”.Number of syntypes is unknown.

Type locality. Not given.Buprestis armata Weber. Number of syntypes is unknown. According to Zimsen

(1964: 156) the four type specimens are preserved in ZMUC. The type specimens were notexamined. Proposed by Saunders (1870: 1, 3) as a junior subjective synonym of A. acutus.This name is sometimes cited with Fabricius as the author e.g. Dejean (1836: 93) and Gory& Laporte (1837: 13–14). Fabricius only cited this species in 1801: 214 with the author-ship attributed to Weber and that reference is usually cited as the original description.

Type locality. [Indonesia] E[astern] Sumatra.Buprestis cupreopunctata Herbst. Number of syntypes is unknown. Types have not

been located. Proposed by Illiger (1805: 95) as a junior subjective synonym of A. armatus.Type locality. Not given.Buprestis spinosa Fabricius. According to Zimsen (1964: 156), the single type speci-

men is preserved in ZMUK. The type specimen was not examined. Number of syntypes isunknown. Proposed by Saunders (1870: 1, 30) as a junior subjective synonym of A. acu-tus.

Type locality. [Indonesia, Maluku] Amboina [= Ambon Island, 3°40'S, 128°10'E].Buprestis pulchella Kirby. Number of syntypes is unknown. Types have not been

located. Proposed by Donovan (1824) as a junior subjective synonym of A. spinosus.Type locality. India. Originally erroneously stated from “Australasia”. The corrected

statement of type locality was published by Donovan (1824): “This insect is from Indiaand not from New Holland as Mr. Kirby has by some oversight stated in his paper”.

Agrilus frater Deyrolle. The holotype by monotypy is preserved in MNHN (Jendek,1998: 322).

Type locality. [Indonesia, Maluku] I[sland]. Makian [0°20'N, 127°25'E].


507ZOOTAXA

FIGURES 1–6. Habitus of: 1) Agrilus acutus (Thunberg), 7.7 mm; 2) A. dianthus Kerremans, 9.1mm; 3) A. colestis Deyrolle, %, 6.6 mm; 4) A. coelestis Deyrolle, &, 7.0 mm; 5) A. acanthopterusHarold, 6.1 mm; 6) A. cyaneofasciatus Théry, holotype, 9.5 mm.


507ZOOTAXAAgrilus menadoensis Obenberger. Lectotype %, NMPC, by present designation:

“Mohari leg. Menado N. Celebes [p] \ Typus [p] [red label with black border] \ Agrilusmenadoensis m. Type [h] Det. Dr. Obenberger [p]”. Described from two syntypes: “1 Ex.Zool. Museum Buitenzorg, 1 Ex. Zool. Museum Prag.”.

Type locality. [Indonesia] N[orth]. Celebes [Sulawesi], Menado [Manado, 1°29'N,124°51'E].

Unavailable namesAgrilus diacanthus Haan. Unpublished, unavailable name (ICZN, Article 11.1). Cited

by Dejean, (1836: 93) as a valid name of species and by Gemminger & Harold (1869:1436) as a synonym of A. armatus.

Agrilus diacanthus Dejean. Unavailable name. Kerremans (1892a: 244, 255) cited thename diacanthus Dejean as a synonym of A. acutus. Dejean did not propose the name asnew, he attributed it to Haan.

Agrilus acutus aberration asphaltipennis Obenberger. Proposed as an infrasubspecificname and thus is an unavailable name (ICZN, Articles 1.3.4, 45.5).

Remarks. Agrilus acutus is relatively variable in size (5.5–8.9 mm) and color (varioushues of blue and green). Dorsally black individuals occur rarely (Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi).The form of medial sulcus on the frontovertex (deep-shallow) and the maximum width ofthe pronotum (at middle–at base) varies even on specimens from the same locality. Theprincipal characters distinguishing it from A. dianthus is the wider pronotum (see key) andthe longer and sharper spines on outer apical angle of each elytron (Figs. 9–11). However,the form of emargination of apices varies considerably at both species (Figs. 9–15). Aede-agi of all species of the acutus-group are rather uniform, without distinctive characters.There are no principal differences between the populations of A. acutus from western(India, Sri Lanka) and eastern (Indonesia, Papua New Guinea) localities except a slighttrend to glabrous elytra (obsolete elytral pubescence) at specimens from the East.

Specimens examined. NEPAL: 1 & (EJCB): “SE Nepal, Morang, Biratnagar[26°27'N, 87°07'E] 21.V.1980, 140 m, C. Holzschuh leg.”; INDIA: Meghalaya: 8 exs(EJCB): “NE India, Meghalaya state, W.Garo Hills, Balphakram Nat.Park, 22–27.V.1996,alt. 400±150 m, GPS N25°11', E90°51' (WGS 84), E. Jendek & O. Šauša leg.”; Karnataka:14 exs (EJCB): “S India, Karnataka, W Ghats, 20 km W Talguppa, Jog Falls, 22–28.V.2002, 14°14'N, 74°44'E, 500±200m, L. Dembický leg.”; Tamil Nadu: 25 exs (EJCB):“S India, Tamil Nadu, 17–22.V.1997, 15 km SE Kotagiri, 11°22'N, 76°56'E, Kunchap-panai, Dembický & Pacholátko leg.”; 3 exs (EJCB): “S India, Tamil Nadu, Nilgiri Hills,15 km SE Kotagiri, near Kunchappanai, alt. 900 m, 12–22.V.1994, 11°20'N, 77°00'E, R.Sauer lgt.”; 13 exs (EJCB): “S India, Tamil Nadu, Nilgiri Hills, 15 km SE Kotagiri, nearKunchappanai, alt. 900 m, 13–20.V.1994, 11°22'N, 76°56'E, Z. Kejval lgt.”; 1 % (MNHN):“Inde Trichinopoly [= Tiruchchirappalli, 10°49'N, 78°41'E] R. P. Castes, 1895, 1896”; 1 %

(MNHN): “Indes Orientales, Mt. Kodeicanel [10°12'N, 77°23'E], J. Castes”; 8 exs(GNCV): “South India, Tamil Nadu State, Kumili [11°20'N, 76°42'E] 2500 ft, VI.1986”;


507ZOOTAXA 1% , 2 && (GNCV): “Indien, Nilgiri Hills [11°20'N, 76°42'E], VI.1990, Rautenstrauch

leg.”; Kerala: 2 && (EJCB): “S India Kerala, 15 km SW Munnar, 1250 m, Kallar Valley,1–9.V.1997, 10°02'N, 76°58'E, Dembický & Pacholátko leg.”; 1 % (EJCB): “S India, Ker-ala 27–29.V.1994 Cardamom Hills, 15 km SW Munnar, Kallar valley, alt. 1000 m,76°58'E, 10°02'N, Z. Kejval leg.”; 1 & (EJCB): “S India, Kerala Cardamom Hills, ca 50km NW of Pathanamthitta, near Pambaiyar river, alt. 300 m 6–9.V.1994, 77°05'E, 9°25'N,Z. Kejval leg.”; 2 %%, 1 & (GNCV): India, Kerala Cardamom Hills, Periyar Nat. Park,[9°27'N, 77°13'E] 900 m, 12.X.1991, leg. R. Schuh”; SRI LANKA: 3 && (EJCB): “SriLanka, 15–24.IV.1994, Kotapola [6°18'N, 80°32'E] near Deniyaya, 35 km N of Matara, Z.Kejval lgt.”; 1 ex (EJCB): “Sri Lanka: Kur dist., Kurunegala, Badagamuwa [= Badago-muwa, 7°30'N, 80°24'E] jungle, 24–27.I.1975”; 1 & (EJCB): “Sri Lanka, 1700 m,Haputale [6°46'N, 80°58'E] 6.IV.1991, J. Kolibá… leg.”; INDONESIA: Sumatra: 4 exs(EJCB): “W Sumatra, 27.III.1992, Harau valley [0°13'S, 100°38'E], R. „ermák leg.”; 3%%, 1 & (GNCV): “W Sumatra, Anai Valley, Juni 1992, 900 m”; 2 exs (GNCV): “SumatraAceh-Selatan, Bababrot [3°55'N, 96°41'E] 100m, 15–17.7.1983, Leg. J. Klapperich”; 11exs (EJCB): “W Sumatra, II–III.1993, Payakumbuh res. Harau valley env. [0°13'S,100°38'E]”; 3 exs (EJCB): “Sumatra, I.1992, Harau valley env. [0°13'S, 100°38'E]”; 3 exs(EJCB): “W Sumatra 600 m, 6–10.1.1991, Payakumbuh [0°13'S, 100°38'E] Harau vill.env., St. Jákl leg.”; 1 & (EJCB): “W Sumatra 1000 m, 5–10.2.1991, Payakumbuh [0°13'S,100°38'E] Harau Mt., St. Jákl leg.”; 2 exs (EJCB): “W Sumatra 1000 m, 15–18.2.1991,Payakumbuh, Sarilamak env. [0°09'S, 100°41'E] St. Jákl leg.”; 1 ex (EJCB): “W SumatraII.1995, Padang, 0°57'S, 100°21'E”; 1 ex (EJCB): “W Sumatra VIII.1981, Padang, 0°57'S,100°21'E”; 1 ex (EJCB): “W Sumatra IX.1995, Padang, 0°57'S, 100°21'E”; 27 exs(EJCB): “W Sumatra VIII.1991, Sarilamak, 0°09'S, 100°41'E”; 1 & (EJCB): “E Sumatra,Riau prov. 18–25.1.2000, Bukit Tigapuluh N. P., 0°50'S, 102°26'E, J. Bezd�k leg.”; 1 %(MNHN): “Sumatra, Siboga [= Sibolga, 1°45'N, 98°48'E] X.1890 et III. 1891, E.Modigliani”; 1 & (MNHN): “Sumatra, Pangherang Pisang, X.1890 et III. 1891, E.Modigliani leg.”; Borneo: 10 exs (EJCB): “Indonesia, Borneo Isl., South Kalimantanprov., Meratus Mts. [2°45'S, 115°40'E] 900 m, Loksado, 23.IX.–30.X.1997, S. Jákl leg.”;Java: 8 exs (EJCB): “Indonesia, Java, East Java prov., 25–26.I.1998, 700 m, 15 km SE ofLasem, Celering Mt., [6°50'S, 111°30'E] St. Jákl leg.”; 2 exs (GNCV): “Java, Jakarta[6°10'S, 106°49'E] 1967, leg. Blabensteiner”; 1 ex (GNCV): “W. Java Bogor [6°35'S,106°47'E] Bot. Garden, 250 m, 1955, leg. Hamann”; 1 ex (GNCV): “Java, Bogor [6°35'S,106°47'E], Janlappa, 16.11.1958, leg. Hamann”; 3 exs (GNCV): “Java, Bogor, Tjampea[=Campea, 6°33'S, 106°41'E] 1.X.1955 and 23.X.1960, leg. Hamann”; 1 & (EJCB): “Indo-nesia, E Java, Baluran Nat. P., Wonorejo [7°55'S, 114°23'E] 24–25.2.1994, 50 m, Bolmlgt.”; 1 & (EJCB): “Indonesia, E Jawa, Mt. Arjuno, 1500 m, 20 km N of Batu [7°45'S,112°34'E] 1–2.III. 1994, Bolm lgt.”; 2 %%, 1 & (EJCB): “Indonesia, E Jawa, Uen [?] Nat.P., 1800 m, Sodong [site unlocated] 26–27.II. 1994, Bolm lgt.”; 1 & (MNHN): “Java occi-dental, Sukabumi [6°55'S, 106°55'E], 2000’, 1893, H. Fruhstorfer”; 1 % (MNHN): “Java


507ZOOTAXAoccidental, Pengalengan [7°11'S, 107°34'E], 4000’, 1893, H. Fruhstorfer”; Lombok: 2 exs

(EJCB): “Indonesia, Lombok is., Senaro, N slope of Rinjani [8°20'S, 116°25'E] 2–5.II.1994, 1100 m, Bolm lgt.”; Bali: 1%, 1& (EJCB): “Indonesia, Bali, Margarana, 15 km EGalimanuk [8°09'S, 114°33'E] 23.II.1994, 50 m, Bolm lgt.”; Sulawesi: 2 %%, 1& (EJCB):“Sulawesi centr. Rantepao env.[2°59'S, 119°54'E] 3.II.1991, S. Jákl leg.”; 79 exs (EJCB):“Sulawesi SE, Kendari airport 11–14.II.1994, 30 km W of Kendari 1994 [3°58'S,122°32'E] M. Štrba & I. Jeniš leg.”; 1 ex (GNCV): “Süd Sulawesi, Bantimurung [4°51'S,119°43'E] 28.IV.2000, W. Suppantschitsch [leg.]”; 3 %%, 1 & (EJCB): “Sulawesi SE, isl.Button, Wakarumba [4°55'S, 122°51'E] 3–7.II.1994, M. Štrba & I. Jeniš leg.”; PAPUANEW GUINEA: 1% (MNHN): “N. Guinea, Mom [= ?Moem 3°35'S, 143°41'E]2.XII.1875, Beccari [leg]”.

Distribution. (Fig. 16) Nepal; India: (Meghalaya, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Keralastates); Sri Lanka; Indonesia: Greater Sunda Islands: (Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Sulawesi);Lesser Sunda Islands: (Lombok, Bali), Maluku: (Ambon (type locality of A. spinosus)),Makian (type locality of A. frater)); Papua New Guinea.

Agrilus dianthus Kerremans, new status, Fig. 2

dianthus Kerremans, 1892b: 823. (Agrilus) new statusnodosus Kerremans, 1894: 470–471. (Agrilus) coelicus Bourgoin, 1922: 24. (Agrilus)dorri Bourgoin, 1925: 131. (Agrilus)

Agrilus dianthus Kerremans, lectotype &, MCSN, designated by Descarpentries & Villiers(1963): “Bhamò Birmania Fea [leg.] [p] X [h] 188 [p] 6 [h] \ Typus [p] [red ink, red bor-der] \ dianthus Kerr. [h] [black border] \ A. dianthus Kerr. typus ! [h] [yellow label] \ dian-thus Kerr. Type [Kerremans' manuscript] \ Museo Civico di Genova [p]”. Number ofsyntypes is unknown. Descarpentries & Villiers (1963: 52, 53–54) by the mention abouttype: “Birmanie (type de dianthus au Musée de Gênes)” validly fixed the lectotype (ICZN,Article 74.6) and they proposed it as a subspecies of A. acutus.

Type locality. [Myanmar] Bhamò [24°16'N, 97°14'E].Agrilus nodosus Kerremans, lectotype %, BMNH, by present designation: “SYN-

TYPE [p] [round label with blue border] \ Bima Boucard [leg.] [Kerremans' manuscript] \nodosus Kerr. Type [Kerremans' manuscript] \ Kerremans 1903–59. [p]” and one paralec-totype from the same locality as lectotype. Described from two specimens. Descarpentries& Villiers (1963: 53, 54) proposed it as a synonym of A. acutus dianthus.

Type locality. Bima [site unlocated]. Descarpentries & Villiers (1963) assumed Bimato be Birmanie [Myanmar]: “Birmanie (type de dianthus au Musée de Gênes)”.

Agrilus coelicus Bourgoin, lectotype &, designated by Descarpentries & Villiers(1963), MNHN: “Vieng Vai 12-VI-1918 Luang Prab. [h] \ Agrilus coelicus Type Bourg.[h] \ TYPE [p] [red ink] \ MUSÉUM PARIS 1935 coll. A. THÉRY [p]”. Single paralecto-


507ZOOTAXA types are preserved in BMNH and ISNB. Number of syntypes is unknown. Descarpentries

& Villiers (1963: 54) by the mention about type: “Louang-Prabang (type de coelicus,Muséum de Paris)” validly fixed the lectotype (ICZN, Article 74.6). Descarpentries & Vil-liers (1963: 54) proposed it as a synonym of A. acutus dianthus.

Type locality. [Laos] Luang Prab. [= Louangphrabang province], Vieng Vai [site unlo-cated]. No type locality was cited by Bourgoin, but presumably “Indo-Chine française” asindicated in the title. The type locality is stipulated from the place of origin of the lecto-type (ICZN, Article 76.2.).

Agrilus dorri Bourgoin, lectotype &, designated by Descarpentries & Villiers (1963),MNHN: “Long Xuyen Cochinchine Dorr [p] \ Agrilus Dorri A. Bourgouin [black ink]Type [red ink] [h]”. Number of syntypes is unknown. Descarpentries & Villiers (1963: 54)by the mention about type: “Type de dorri au Muséum de Paris” validly fixed the lectotype(ICZN, Article 74.6). As a synonym of A. acutus dianthus proposed by Descarpentries &Villiers (1963: 54).

Type locality. [Vietnam] Cochinchine: Long Xuyen [10°23'N, 105°25'E].Remarks. Agrilus dianthus has an allopatric distribution with A. acutus and has been

considered as a subspecies of A. acutus. The examination of numerous specimens hasrevealed that A. dianthus is a generally larger (6.6–10.2 mm) and well distinguished spe-cies (see remarks at A. acutus and key to species).

All records from peninsular SE Asia cited under the name A. acutus or its synonymspertains to A. dianthus, for example Baudon 1961: 75 (as A. acutus). Very interesting is asingle record of A. dianthus from the Indonesian part of Borneo.

Specimens examined. CHINA: Yunnan: 1 & (EJCB): “S China, pr. Yunnan, 10–14.VII.1990, Jinghong [= Yunjinghong, 21°58'N, 100°49'E] S. Be…váÍ leg.”; 1 ex(NMPC): “Yun‘nan’, 10 km N Czinduna [= ? Jindun, 26°30'N, 100°12'E], 1250 m,28.VI.1956, A. Shnitnikov [in Russian]”; 2 exs (NMPC): “Yun‘nan’, 30 km SW Czin’lina[site unlocated], 420 m, 21. IV. 1956 Khuan Kèzhen’ i dr. [in Russian]”. MYANMAR: 1 %(EJCB): “Burma, Dawna-Berge [16°50'N, 98°15'E], 7.V.1994, erw. Steinicke”; THAI-LAND: 1 & (EJCB): “Thailand, 11–15.V.1993, Nan Pha Khab [site unlocated] P.Pacholátko & L. Dembický leg.”; Chiang Mai: 28 exs (EJCB): “Thailand N, 21.V.–4.VI.1995, Chiang Dao env. [19°25'N, 98°52'E], M. Sníñek leg.”; 1 ex (EJCB): “Thailand,Chiang Dao 1.VII.1996, [19°25'N, 98°52'E], M. Kondler leg.”; 3 exs (EJCB): “Thailand,10–16.V.1991, Chiang Dao, 600 m, 19°25'N, 98°52'E, Vít KubáÁ leg.”; 1 & (EJCB):“Thai, 26–28.V.1991, Palong, 750 m, 19°55'N, 99°06'E, Vít KubáÁ leg.”; Mae Hong Son:4 exs (EJCB): “Thailand bor., prov. Mae Hong Son, Pai [19°19'N, 98°27'E] 16–24.VII.1995, R. Šigut leg.”; 1 ex (EJCB): “Thailand bor., prov. Mae Hong Son, Pai[19°19'N, 98°27'E] 24–30.IV.1997, R. Šigut leg.”; 1 ex (EJCB): “NW Thailand, MaeHong Son, 17–23.V.1991, Ban Huai Po, 19°19'N, 97°59'E, 1600–2000 m, L. Dembickýleg.”; 1 ex (EJCB): “Thailand, Mae Hong Son, [19°18'N, 97°58'E], 1000 m, 16–23.VI.1993, J. Schneider leg.”; Nan: 1 %, 1 & (EJCB): “Thailand, Nan prov., Ban Huay


507ZOOTAXAKon [19°34'N, 101°05'E,] env., 27.V.–10.VI.2002, Prçdek, P. & OboÍil, M. leg.”; 1 %, 2

&& (EJCB): “Thailand, Nan prov., Ban Bo Klua env. [19°03'N, 101°10'E ] 13–26.V.2002,Prçdek, P. & OboÍil, M. leg.”; 1 % (EJCB): “Thailand-N, Nan prov., Bo Klua, 19°03'N,101°10'E, 700 m, 28.IV.–1.V.1999, D. Hauck leg.”; 1 & (EJCB): “Thailand-N, Nan prov.,Bo Klua, 19°08'N, 101°10'E, 700 m, 28.IV.–1.V.1999, M. Ìíha leg.”; Kanchanaburi: 1 &(EJCB): “Thai, 9–13.IV.1991, Thimonghta, 350 m, 15°02'N, 98°35'E, Vít KubáÁ leg.”;Kamphaeng Phet: 2 %% (EJCB): “W Thailand, 2–5.VII.1997, Khlong Lan Nat. Park[16°11'N, 99°12'E] 50 km SW Khamphaeng Phet, Kaláb, J. & Rejsek, J. leg.”; Yala: 4 %%,1 & (EJCB): “S Thailand, Betong [5°47'N, 101°04'E], Gunung Cang Dung vill., Yala dist.25.III.–22.IV.1993, J. Horák leg.”. LAOS: Louang Namtha: 1 & (EJCB): “Laos north, 5–11.V.1997, 20 km NW Louang Namtha, N 21°09.2, E 101°18.7, alt. 900±100 m, E. Jendek& O. Šauša leg.”; 1 %, 1 &(EJCB): “Laos north, 13–24.V.1997, 15 km NW LouangNamtha, N 21°07.5, E 101°21.0, alt. 750±100 m, E. Jendek & O. Šauša leg.”; 5 &&

(EJCB): “Laos north, 24–30.V.1997, 20 km NW Louang Namtha, N 21°09.2, E 101°18.7,alt. 900±100 m, E. Jendek & O. Šauša leg.”; Louangphrabang: 1 %, 1 & (EJCB): “Laos-N(Louangphrabang) 11–21.V.2002, 19°35'N, 101°58'E, Thong Khan, ~ 750 m, Vít KubáÁ

leg.”; Vientiane: 1 %, 1 & (EJCB): “Laos centr., 27.IV.–1.V.1997, 70 km NE Vientiane,Ban Phabat env., 150 m, N 18°16.1, E 103°10.9, E. Jendek & O. Šauša leg.”. VIETNAM:5 %%, 3 && (EJCB): “S Vietnam, 1–15.V.1994, Nam Cat Tien Nat. Park, [11°27'N,107°19'E] P. Pacholátko & L. Dembický leg.”; 1%, 1 & (EJCB): “Vietnam, Dong Nai prov.Ma Da forest [site unlocated], 1.VI.1991, Vít KubáÁ leg.”; 2 && (EJCB): “Vietnam, Dong-nai prov. Ma Da forest [site unlocated], 1.VI.1991”; 1 ex (EJCB): “Vietnam, Hoa Binh[20°50'N, 105°20'E], 26–28.V.1989 J. Secký leg.”; 1 ex (EJCB): “Vietnam, Ha nam ninhprov. Cuc Phuong [20°18'N, 105°39'E], 24–25.V.1986, J. Víša leg.”. MALAYSIA: 1 %

(EJCB): “W Malaysia, Johor, 30 km NE of Labis, Mt. Besar, [2°31'N, 103°09'E], 800 m,25–27.IV.1997, P. „echovský leg.”. INDONESIA 1 % (EJCB): “Indonesia, Kalimantan W,4–10.VIII.1993, Nanga Ela env. [0°24'S, 111°59'E], Nanga Nyuruh, 700 m, J. Schneiderleg.”.

Distribution. (Fig. 16) China: Yunnan province; Myanmar; Thailand; Laos; Vietnam;Cambodia (Descarpentries & Villiers, 1963: 53–54 as A. acutus dianthus) Indonesia: Kali-mantan.

Agrilus coelestis Deyrolle, Figs. 3, 4

coelestis Deyrolle, 1864: 137, 156–157. (Agrilus)ignicollis Deyrolle, 1864: 137, 156. (Agrilus)fructus Kerremans, 1896: 370–371. (Agrilus) new synonymsumbawanus Kerremans, 1898: 179. (Agrilus)lombokanus Kerremans, 1900: 83–84. (Agrilus) new synonymleniens Obenberger, 1936b: 36. (Agrilus; variety of coelestis) new synonym


507ZOOTAXA Agrilus coelestis Deyrolle. The lectotype was designated by Jendek (1998: 319).

Type locality. [Indonesia, Lesser Sunda Islands] I[sland]. Florès.Agrilus ignicollis Deyrolle. The lectotype was designated by Jendek (1998: 323). Sub-

sequently, Jendek (2000: 503) proposed it as a synonym of A. coelestis.Type locality. [Indonesia, Lesser Sunda Islands] I[sland]. Florès. Originally described

from: “I. Florès et Timor”. The type locality becomes the place of origin of the lectotype(ICZN, Article 76.2.).

Agrilus fructus Kerremans, lectotype %, BMNH, by present designation: “Type [p][round label with red border] \ Sumbawa Stauding. [leg.] [h] \ fructus Kerr. Type [Kerre-mans' manuscript] \ A. fructus Kerrem. Sumbawa [h] \ Kerremans 1903-59 [p]”. Numberof syntypes unknown.

Type locality. [Indonesia, Lesser Sunda Islands] Sumbawa [Island] [8°40'S,118°00'E].

Agrilus sumbawanus Kerremans, lectotype %, BMNH, by present designation: “Type[p] [round label with red border] \ Sumbawa Stauding. [leg.] [Kerremans' manuscript]] \sumbawanus Kerr. Type [Kerremans' manuscript] \ Kerremans 1903-59. [p]”. Number ofsyntypes unknown.

Kerremans (1903: 277) and Obenberger (1936a: 1083) cited it erroneously as a “sum-buanus” in the synonymy of A. fructus.

Type locality. [Indonesia, Lesser Sunda Islands] Sumbawa [Island] [8°40'S,118°00'E].

Agrilus lombokanus Kerremans, lectotype, sex not examined, BMNH, by present des-ignation: “Type [p] [round label with red border] \ Lombok v1.96 Doherty [leg.] [p] \Lombokanus Kerr. Type [Kerremans' manuscript] \ A. lombockianus [sic!] Kerrem. Lom-bock [h] \ Kerremans 1903-59. [p]”. Number of syntypes unknown.

Kerremans (1903: 277) proposed it as a synonym of A. fructus, but together withObenberger (1936a: 1089) cited it erroneously as a “lombockianus”.

Type locality. [Indonesia, Lesser Sunda Islands] Lombok [Island] [8°45'S, 116°30'E].Agrilus coelestis variety leniens Obenberger, lectotype, sex not examined, NMPC, by

present designation: “Flores [h] \ TYPUS [p] [red label] \ A. coelestis v. leniens m. Type[h] Det. Dr. Obenberger [p]”. Number of syntypes unknown. Although proposed as a vari-ety of A. coelestis the diagnosis does not unambiguously reveal that the name was pro-posed as an infrasubspecific entity, since the taxon was diagnosed also by morphologicalcharacters: “spina apicali breviore divergens”. Following ICZN, Article 45.6.4, such aname should be deemed subspecific from the original publication.

Type locality. [Indonesia, Lesser Sunda Islands] Flores [Island] [8°30'S, 121°00'E].Remarks. Agrilus coelestis is characterized by generally smaller size (6–8.6 mm),

obliteration of pubescence and by sexual dichroism (see key to species).


507ZOOTAXASpecimens examined. INDONESIA: Java: 1 & (MNHN): “Buitenzorg [= Bogor,

6°35'S,106°47'E] 1000' Febr. [18]90, I. Z. Kannegieter lgt”; Maluku: 2 %% (MNHN):“Céram [= Seram], Meyer D. [leg.]”; Lesser Sunda Islands: Lombok: 1 % (EJCB): “E.Lombok, Sapit [8°27'S, 116°32'E] 14–16.II.1994, SE slope of Mt. Rinjami, Bolm lgt.”; 3%%, 1 & (EJCB): “Lombok Is., Sapit [8°27'S, 116°32'E] - Sembalun Bumbung, 14–16.II.1994, 900–1500 m, Bolm lgt.”; Sumbawa: 2 %% (EJCB): “Sumbawa, Collfs.”;Komodo: 11%%, 6 && (EJCB): “50 km W Flores (isl.) KOMODO, 19.VIII.1962”; Flores:1 %, 1 & (EJCB): “Labuhanbajo [8°29'S, 119°54'E] 20.VIII.1998, 10 m, W. Suppants-chitsch leg.”; Sumba: 2 %%, 1 & (EJCB): “Sumba South, Tarimbang env. [site unlocated]0–100m, 2–3.II.2001, P. Vondra lgt.”; 1 & (EJCB): “Sumba Central, Lewa (= Lewapaku9°43'S; 119°55'E) env., 300–500 m, 3–5.I.2001, P. Votruba lgt.”.

Distribution . (Fig. 16) Indonesia: Greater Sunda Islands (E Java), Maluku (Seram);Lesser Sunda Islands (Lombok, Sumbawa, Komodo, Flores, Sumba, Timor (Deyrolle1864 as A. ignicollis)).

Agrilus acanthopterus Harold, revalidated name, Fig. 5

acanthopterus Harold, 1869: 124. (Agrilus; replacement name for mucronatus Boheman) revali-dated name

mucronatus Boheman, 1858: 63–64. (Agrilus; preoccupied)luzonicus Kerremans, 1914: 84–85. (Agrilus) new synonympiperi Fisher, 1921: 356, 362–364. (Agrilus) new synonym

Agrilus acanthopterus Harold. Proposed as a replacement name for mucronatus Boheman.Saunders (1871: 122) proposed it as a junior subjective synonym of A. acutus.

Agrilus mucronatus Boheman. Number of syntypes is unknown. Types have not beenlocated. The name mucronatus Boheman is a junior primary homonym of A. mucronatusKlug, 1825.

Type locality. [Philippines, Luzon] Manila.Agrilus luzonicus Kerremans. Lectotype %, MNHN, by present designation,: “Los

Banos, P. I., Baker [p] \ luzonicus Kerr. Type [h] \ MUSEUM PARIS COLL. CH. KERRE-MANS 1923 [p] [yellow label]” and eight paralectotypes. Number of syntypes isunknown.

Type locality. [Philippines] Luzon, Los Baños [14°11'N, 121°11'E].Agrilus piperi Fisher. Holotype by monotypy, %, USNM: “Lamao Luzon III–VI. 11PI

[p] \ CVPiper Collector [p] \ Type No. [p] 51459 [h] U. S. N. M. [p] [red label] \ HOLO-TYPE [p] [red ink] AGRILUS piperi FISHER [h] [white label with red border]”.

Type locality. [Philippines] Luzon, Lamao [14°31'N, 120°36'E].Remarks. All specimens I have examined from the Philippines belong to a single spe-

cies determined under the names A. luzonicus or A. piperi. Although the type of A. mucr-onatus was not examined, judged from the type locality “Manila”, the name mucronatus is


507ZOOTAXA the oldest available name for this Philippine species. Due to its preoccupation, the valid

name is its replacement name acanthopterus.All Philippine records cited under the name A. acutus or its synonyms pertain to A.

acanthopterus, for example Saunders 1874: 324 (as A. acutus).Specimens examined. PHILIPPINES: Luzon: 1 % (NMPC): “Mt. Makiling [14°08'N,

121°12'E] Baker [leg.]”; 1% (EJCB): “Mt. Makiling [14°08'N, 121°12'E], Laguna P. I.,12.XII.1930, 400 ft. elev.”; Mindoro: 1 % (EJCB): “Mindoro occid. Amnay river valley, 25km SE of Santa Cruz, 12°57'N, 120°56'E, 17.IV.2000, 160 m, L. Dembický leg.”; Pala-wan: 2 exs (EJCB): “N. Palawan, San Raphael, Tanabag [10°00'N, 118°59'E] 22–25.VIII.1987”.

Distribution . (Fig. 16) Philippines: Luzon, Mindoro, Palawan, Mindanao (Fisher1921 as A. luzonicus), Leyte (Fisher 1921 as A. luzonicus).

Agrilus cyaneofasciatus Théry, revalidated name, Fig. 6

cyaneofasciatus Théry, 1930: 161–163. (Agrilus) revalidated nameindius Bellamy, 1998: 94–95. (Agrilus; unnecessary replacement name for cyaneofasciatus Théry

not cyaneofasciatus Obenberger, which is an unavailable name) new synonym

Agrilus cyaneofasciatus Théry. Holotype &, BMNH: “Type [p] [round label with red bor-der] \ IndiaOr Manipur [p] \ Doherty [leg.] [p] \ 63195 [h] \ Agrilus cyaneofasciatus Thery[manuscript of Théry] TYPE [p] [red ink]”. The holotype lacks abdomen, the sex wasdeduced from a secondary sexual character, pubescence of prosternal process. The singleparatype from the same locality is preserved in MNHN. Described from two specimens.

Type locality. [India] Manipur [state].Remarks . Bellamy (1998: 94–95) proposed a new replacement name indius for A.

cyaneofasciatus Théry not A. cyaneofasciatus Obenberger. Agrilus cyaneofasciatus Oben-berger is an unpublished, unavailable name cited by Obenberger (1936: 1078). This namerepresents misspelled A. croceisquamis as follows from the original diagnose, pages, sub-sequent reference, distribution and the alphabetical order.

Specimens examined. MYANMAR: 1 ex (NMPC): “Barmah [= Myanmar] NE”.Distribution . Northeastern India: Manipur state; Northeastern Myanmar.

Agrilus paradiseus Obenberger, Fig. 7

paradiseus Obenberger, 1924: 118–119. (Agrilus)

Agrilus paradiseus Obenberger, lectotype %, NMPC, by present designation: “NovaGuinea Sattelberg [h] \ TYPUS [p] [red label] \ Agrilus paradiseus m. Type [h] Det. Dr.Obenberger [p]”. Number of syntypes is unknown.


507ZOOTAXAType locality. Neuguinea [= New Guinea], Sattelberg [leg.?].

Distribution . So far known only from the type locality.

FIGURES 7–8. Habitus of: 7) Agrilus paradiseus Obenberger, lectotype, 9.2 mm; 8) A. mikusiako-rum new species, holotype, 10.9 mm.

Agrilus mikusiakorum new species, Fig. 8

Type material. Holotype 1 &: “PAPUA NEUGUINEA, Morobe Prov., Wau, Mt. Kaindi,07°22"S [sic!], 146°40'E, 2200 m, 17.II.2000 leg. A. Weigel KL”. The holotype will bedeposited in NMEG.

Description. Length 10.9 mm; width 2.9 mm. Body robust, cuneiform, convex; upperside silky lustrous, head and pronotum greenish-black, elytra violet-black; ventral sidemat, violet-black, abdomen shiny purple.


507ZOOTAXA Head: frontovertex convex with broad, deep medial longitudinal sulcus extending

from epistoma to vertex, surface densely, coarsely punctate; vertex 2.1 times as wide aswidth of eye; eyes large, convex, not protruding beyond head outline, lower margin of eyedistinctly extends beyond upper margin of antennal socket. Antennae rather short, barelyextending to pronotal midpoint when laid alongside, antennomeres 4–5 sharply serrate,antennomeres 6–10 obtusely serrate.

Pronotum: 1.8 times wider than long, trapezoid, strongly convex, widest at base; ante-rior margin without medial lobe, almost straight, distinctly narrower then posterior margin;anterior pronotal sides straight converging anteriorly; disk sparsely, coarsely, transverselyrugose with broad medial longitudinal impression extending from posterior almost to ante-rior margin; lateral impressions absent. Prehumerus long, sublinear, sharp and rib-like,originating from posterior margin in close vicinity of posterolateral angles and conjoinedwith lateral margin in anterior fourth of pronotal length. Marginal and submarginal carinaefeebly sinuate, converging posteriorly, submarginal carina becoming obsolete in anteriorand posterior parts.

Scutellum: 1.3 times longer than wide, narrowly subquadrate in front, sharply triangu-lar behind, without transverse carina, feebly impressed on disk.Elytra: 3.2 times longer than wide, widest at base, gradually tapering beyond middle thenabruptly attenuate to apices; lateral margins of apices slightly expanded, apex sinuatelyemarginate, emargination with series of adsutural denticles and sharp spine on outer angle;disk with obvious, broad adsutural impression covered with golden toment in apical third.Humeri without costa.

Last tergite: with long medial spine on apex, ventrally visible between emargination ofelytral apices.

Ventral side: prosternal lobe declivous, arcuately emarginate at middle; prosternal pro-cess large, distinctly converging between coxae, than abruptly subovally expanded; diskflat, roughly densely punctate. Last ventrite very narrow, evenly arcuate apically, withindication of faint notch. Ventrolateral parts of thorax and abdomen clothed with long,decumbent, white pubescence.

Legs: Metatarsi shorter than metatibiae; basal metatarsomere 1.2 times longer as threefollowing together; tarsal claws cleft near middle, inner tooth shorter and broader.

Diagnosis. Closely related to A. paradiseus from which differs by 1) long, medialpronotal impression; 2) straight prehumerus; 3) adsutural elytral impression with goldentoment reaching to apices; 4) lateral margin of apices slightly expanded and 5) apices arc-uately sinuate.

Etymology. The specific epithet, a noun in the genitive case is named for my dearfriends Mrs. Iveta and Mr. Tibor Mikušiak.


507ZOOTAXA

FIGURES 9–15. Variability of elytral apices: 9–11) Agrilus acutus (Thunberg): 9) Sumatra; 10)Nepal; 11) Sulawesi; 12–15) A. dianthus Kerremans: all from Thailand.

Key to the Agrilus acutus and A. paradiseus species-groups

1 Tarsal claws bifid, cleft nearly to base, teeth subeaqual in form and legth, outer toothstraight, inner one curved inside forming with inner tooth of opposite claw pincette-like configuration; last tergite acuminate on apex; ovipositor short, subquadrate;pronotal sides subarcuate; elytra glabrous or with white ornamental pubescence; acu-tus-group ....................................................................................................................... 2

- Tarsal claws cleft near middle, inner tooth shorter and broader; last tergite spinate onapex; ovipositor very long; pronotal sides straight converging anteriorly; elytra with


507ZOOTAXA golden adsutural toment in apical third; paradiseus-group........................................... 6

2 Prosternal lobe deeply arcuately emarginate; elytra brightly bicolor, basal X-like markand apex golden-green and white pubescent, remains deep-blue and glabrous; 9.5–10.6 mm ................................................. A. cyaneofasciatus revalidated name, Fig. 6

- Prosternal lobe subtruncate; elytra concolor in various hues of blue or green, rarely black ....................................................................................................................................... 3

3 Pronotal mediobasal impression missing or obsolete; elytra and episternites glabrous;laterosternites with white tomentose patches; males blue or green; females brightlybicolor, pronotum golden-orange, elytra blue or green; elytral apices with short outerspine; 6–8.6 mm ..........................................................................A. coelestis, Figs. 3, 4

- Pronotal mediobasal impression deep; elytra with white ornamental pubescence; lat-erosternites and episternites with white tomentose patches; sexual dichroism notapparent; elytral apices with small or long outer spine................................................. 4

4 Elytra with postmedial and preapical strips of white hairs ........................................... 5- Only apex of elytra with white hairs; 5.9–7 mm.............................................................

....................................................................A. acanthopterus revalidated name, Fig. 55 Pronotum wider (wide / length = 1.6–1.7); elytral apices with long outer spine (Figs.

9–11); elytral pubescence less marked or faint; 5.5–8.9 mm................A. acutus, Fig. 1- Pronotum longer (wide / length = 1.4–1.55); elytral apices with small outer spine

(Figs. 12–15); elytral pubescence well marked; 6.6–10.2 mm ................................................................................................................................A. dianthus new status, Fig. 2

6 Prehumerus straight; pronotal disk with large medial, longitudinal impression; elytrawith obvious adsutural impression; golden adsutural elytral toment extends to elytralapices; 10.9 mm ..................................................A. mikusiakorum new species, Fig. 8

- Prehumerus strongly arcuate; pronotal disk with large mediobasal impression; elytrawithout adsutural impression; golden adsutural elytral toment not extending to apices;9.2 mm ..........................................................................................A. paradiseus, Fig. 7

Acknowledgements

I would like to thank curators of the collections for providing me with specimens forexamination. My sincere thanks are due to C. L. Bellamy (Sacramento, California, USA)and P. J. Johnson (Brookings, South Dakota) for critical review and linguistic revision ofthe manuscript.


507ZOOTAXA

FIGURE 16. Distribution of Agrilus acutus –group.


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zootaxa, coleoptera, agrilus

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