zzzzzthuat ngu chong set va noi dat-anh-viet

7/27/2019 ZZZZZthuat Ngu Chong Set Va Noi Dat-Anh-Viet

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I HC KHOA HC TNHIN TP.HCM

RN M N M N

---oooOOOooo---

THUT NGANH-VIT CN BNV CHNG ST V NI T

(n bn Ln II)

BASIC ENGLISH-VIETNAMESETERMS OF LIGHTNING

PROTECTION AND EARTHING(2nd Edition)

Bin son: V Hng Cng,Chnhim Chuyn THIT KIN HP CHUN

-ooOoo TPHCM,2012 ooOoo-


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Li ni u

Ti liu ny c son tho trong khun kh bin son ti liu cho

chuyn THIT KN HP CHUN ca rung tm in tMy tnh,

rng i hc Khoa hc Tnhin TP. H Ch Minh.

Ti liu c hon thnh s tho nhm mc ch kp thi tr gip thut

ng cho nhng ai ang c cng nghin cu chuyn su v k thut thc

hnh chng st, mt k thut ang c xem l c t ti liu bng

ting Vit.

Mt sngi cho rng k thut chng st cn nhiu iu m h. Thc t

khng hn l nh vy !

Tiu chun chng st v ni t cho cc cng trnh hin nay ang c

nhiu pht trin i mi trn phm vi th gii. Trong thi i bng ncng ngh hin nay, cc thnh phn in tiu khin v truyn thng

nhy nhiu ngy cng hin din nhiu trong cc cng trnh. Do cc

k thut v tiu chun chng st hin i khng cha ra cc bin

php bo v chnh bn thn cng trnh xy dng m cn a ra cc bin

php bo v cho cc h thng in v in t bn trong cng trnh .

ng thi cng v mc ch gim thiu nhiu in p v in t, hin

nay trong nhng cng trnh quan trng, cc tiu chun mi khuyn dng

duy nht mt h thng ni t cho tt c cc mc ch ni t h

thng, ni t chng st v ni t vin thng/iu khin.

Cc thut ng mi trong k thut ni t v chng st bao hm cc khi

nim v bin php k thut mi, cn phi c a ra khng ch di

dng tn gi m phi di dng nh ngha. Do hu ht cc mc t

c trnh by theo dng nh ngha song ng Anh-Vit.

Trn quan im tn trng s thng nht thut ng, cc thut ng ting

Vit trong ti liu ny hon ton tng thch vi cc thut ngang

c s dng trong nhng tiu chun chng st, tiu chun lp t

in, v tiu chun lp t vin thng hin hnh ca Vit Nam.

Cc thut ng mi c ngh trong ti liu ny hu ht c dch

theo nguyn tc mt-mt t nhng thut ng ting Anh trong cc tiu

chun mi ca y Ban K thut in Quc t IEC v Lin hip Vin thng

Quc t ITU.

Vic dch mt thut ng mi trong ti liu ny tun thnghim khc

nguyn tc k tha thut ng khoa hc. Ngha l khi dch mt thut ng

kp trong c thnh phn l mt thut ng c dch v cng nhn

thuc cc kho thut ng khc nh: ton hc vt lk thut xy dng,

in in t vin thng my tnh..,th phi tn trng cch dch

truyn thng ca thnh phn thut ng.

Trong n bn Ln II ny, ti liu ch gm phn phn tra cu Anh-Vit

tr gip cho nhng ngi ang thc hnh v nghin cu c hiu c


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cc ti liu, tiu chun chng st v ni t bng ting Anh. Phn tra

cu Vit-Anh, c trong n bn Ln I c lc b trong n bn Ln

II ny, sc hn tr li trong n bn ln III (d kin 2013), sau

khi tc gi thu thp c tt c kin ng gp.

Ngoi ra cn mt vn thc t l hin nay mt s quc gia c tiu

chun chng st ring, khng thng nht vi nhau ng thi khngthng nht vi tiu chun quc t. V d tiu chun v thit b chng

st phng tia tin o ESE, l tiu chun quc gia ca Php v Ty Ban

Nha nhng khng ph hp vi tiu chun IEC v Tiu chun quc gia

ca Vit Nam Cc thut ng dng ring cho cc tiu chun loi ny

c t trong du > phn bit r.

Tp sch ny thch hp cho nhng sinh vin k thut, ks v nh

nghin cu khoa hc thuc cc lnh vc in in t, vin thng v

vt l.., c quan tm n k thut chng st, ni t, che chn v

tng thchin t.

Tp sch ny c bit gip ch cho nhng ngi ang thit k nhng h

thng lp t in in t, v vin thng cho nhng ta nh.

Trong tnh hnh Vit Nam l thnh vin chnh thc ca y ban K

thut in Quc tIEC nhng cha c phn trong b T vng Quc t v

K thut in (International Electrotechnical Vocabulary) IEC 60050,

tc gi mong mun gp tp sch nhny nh l mt phn mn vo cng

cuc thng nht thut ng k thut in ca nc nh v nh mt mn

qu nh cho mi ngi c quan tm.

Xin trn trng gi li cm n su sc n PGS TS Nguyn Hu Phngngi thy knh mn lun ng vin, khch l tc gitrn con ng

hc tp v nghin cu. ng thi cng xin gi li cm n chn thnh

n tt ccc ng nghip, v cc hc vin trong cc kha chuyn

THIT KIN HP CHUN cho tc gi nhiu h tr c th bin

son ti liu ny.

Tc gi mong nhn c nhiu kin ng gp ca mi ngi v nhng

sai st v thiu st ca tp sch nh ny./-

V Hng Cng, [email protected], 0983809620, www.ttdtmt.com
mailto:[email protected]://www.ttdtmt.com/http://www.ttdtmt.com/mailto:[email protected]


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Above-ground electronic equipment enclosure (AG/EEE) --

Cu trc che chn bo v thit bin tt ni trn mt t

Mt cu trc che chn bo v thit bin t m ton b hoc mt phn

c t ni trn mt t. Thit b lp t c th tip cn y t

bn trong. Phn loi AG/EEE bao gm nhng cu trc di chuyn c, v

cn c nhng cu trc mt phn hay ton bc xy dng hoc lp t

ti cng trng.

An EEE that is wholly or partially above ground level. Installed

equipment is fully accessible from the interior area. The AG/EEE

subcategory includes transportable structures as well as structures

partially or fully constructed or assembled on-site.

Adiabatic -- on nhit.

Adjacent structure Cng trnh lin k.

Air termination -- Cc thu st

Mt b phn n ca h thng cc thu st nh mt kim (thanh) thu st,

li thu st, hay dy thu st, nhm tip nhn cc tia st,

A single component of air-termination system such as a rod, a

conductors mesh, or a catenary wire intended to intercept lightning

flashes.

Air-termination system -- H thng cc thu st

B phn ca H thng chng st bn ngoi dng nhng phn tnh kim

thu st li thu st hay dy thu st tip nhn nhng tia st.

Part of an external LPS using metallic elements such as rods, mesh

conductors or catenary wires intended to intercept lightning flashes.

Alluvium -- Ph sa.

Amortization rate - Sut khu hao.

Aluminum alloy Hp kim nhm.

Annual cost of selected protection measures - i p ng nm in pp o v n

Annual cost of residual loss - i p ng nm o tn tt n i

Annual cost of total loss in absence of protection measures - i ptn tt ng nm i ng in pp o v


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Arc root area - Vng gc h quang.

Arm's reach -- Tm (tay) vi

Vng tip cn tip xc bn ngoi mt im trn mt b mt ni ngi ta

thng ng v di chuyn xung quanh xt n gii hn m mt ngi cth vi ti bng tay theo mi pha, khng c h tr.

Zone of accessibility to touch extending from any point on a surface

where persons usually stand or move about to the limits which a person

can reach with the hand, in any direction, without assistance.

Artificial Earth Electrode --in cc t nhn to

in cc c s dng ring cho mc ch tip t. N l mt vt dn

in c dng bt k (ng, cc, tm, tia nm ngang...) khng bc cch

in bn ngoi v c chn trc tip trong t hoc tip xc trc

tip vi t.

Electrode used only for earthing purpose. It is a conductor with any

shape (pipe rod plate horizontal radius ) not insulated on

outside, and buried directly in earth or being in contact directly

with earth.

Attachment point -- im chm.

Austenitic non-magnetic - (Thp) khong khng ttnh, khong phi t.

Automatic disconnection of supply -- Ngt ngun tng

Ngt mt hay nhiu dy pha tc dng bi tc ng tng ca mt kh

c bo vtrong trng hp s c.

Interruption of one or more of the line conductors effected by the

automatic operation of a protective device in case of a fault.

Average steepness of the front of impulse (short stroke) current --

d trung n sn trc ca xung dng (c st ngn)

Tc trung bnh thay i dng trong khong thi gian t=t2-t1.

GHI CH: N c biu din bng hiu si=i(t1)i(t2) ca gi tr dng ban

u v dng kt thc ca khong thi gian ny, chia cho khong thi gian

t=t1-t2.

Average rate of change of current within a time interval t=t2t1.


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NOTE: It is expressed by the difference i=i(t1)i(t2) of the values of the

current at the start and at the end of this interval, divided by the time

interval t=t1-t2.

Bare steel - Thp trn.

Basic insulation -- in chnh

Cch in khi nhng b phn mang in nguy him xem nh cung cp bo

v chnh.

GHI CH: Khi nim ny khng p dng cho cch in dng ring cho nhng mc

ch chc nng.

Insulation of hazardous-live-parts which provides basic protection

NOTE: This concept does not apply to insulation used exclusively for

functional purposes.

Basic protection -- Bo v chnh (bo v n)

Bo v chng in git di iu kin khng c s c.

Protection against electric shock under fault-free conditions.

Below-ground electronic equipment enclosure (BG/ EEE) --

Cu trc che chn bo v thit bin tt ngm di mt t

Mt cu trc che chn bo v thit bin t nm ton bdi mt

t, tr cng vo, ngun cung cp xoay chiu v thit biu ho.

Thit b lp t c th tip cn y t bn trong.

An EEE that is completely below ground level except possibly for an

entryway, a.c. power service, and environmental control equipment.

Installed equipment is fully accessible from the interior area.

Bolting - Ni bu-lng.

Bond -- Lin kt

ng dn nhm cung cp kt ni dn in gia h thng thu st v cng

trnh kim loi khc ng thi gia cc phn ca cng trnh kim loi.

Conductor intended to provide electrical connection between the LPS

and other metalwork and between various portions of the latter.


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Bonding bar -- Thanh lin kt

Thanh kim loi trn , nhng lp t kim loi, nhng b phn dn in

bn ngoi, nhng ng dy in lc v truyn thng, v nhng cp khc

c th ni lin kt vi mt H thng chng st.

Metal bar on which metal installations, external conductive parts,

electric power and telecommunication lines and other cables can be

bonded to an LPS.

Bonding-bus --ng dn kt ni

Mt dy dn hoc mt nhm dy dn kt ni tm tip t chnh vi

cc thnh phn kim loi trong nh trm vin thng.

A conductor or a group of conductors for connecting the main earth

terminal to metal parts in telecommunication building.

Bonding conductor Dy dn lin kt

Dy dn ni nhng b phn dn in ng ri vo h thng chng st.

Conductor connecting separated conductive parts to LPS.

Bonding network (BN) -- Mng lin ktMng ni lin kt tt c cc phn dn ca cu trc v ca cc h thng

bn trong (ngoi tr cc phn mang in) vo h thng in cc t.

BN nhm che chn nh hng in t cho cc h thng thit bin t

v con ngi.

Interconnecting network of all conductive parts of the structure and

of internal systems (live conductors excluded) to the earth-

termination system.

BN is intended for electromagnetic shielding for electronic equipmentand human beings.

Bound joint Mi ni buc.

Brazing Hn thau.

Breakdown voltage (Ub) --in p n xuyn

in p nh xuyn l in p xung nh thng gia cc thnh phn kim

loi trong li cp v v kim loi ca cp.


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Impulse breakdown voltage between metallic components in the core and

the metallic sheath of a telecommunication cable.

Building - n

Cable screen - Mn chn cp.

Cantilevered part of a structure Phn nh ra ca cng trnh.

Carboniferous sediments -- Trm tch c carbon.

Cardiac fibrillation -- Rung lit tim

Rung lit cc c ca mt hay nhiu ngn tim dn n nhiu lon chc

nng tim.

Fibrillation of the muscles of one or more heart chambers, leading

to a disturbance of cardiac function.

(Lightning) catenary wires - Dy (treo) thu st.

Cathodic protection -- Bo v (chng) hiu ng ca-tt

Min nhim in ha to nn bng cch phn cc ca-tt ng cch.

Electrochemical immunity produced by an appropriate cathodic

polarization.

Characteristic impedance -- Tng trc tnh

Tham schnh xc nh s lan truyn tn hiu in dc theo mt

ng dy. Tn hiu ny lun l mt cp ca hai sng chy in p

U(t) v dng in i(t), chng lin kt cng v lan truyn cng mt vn

tc. Tng trc tnh Zc (cn gi l tng trsng) l t s hng

gia hai gi trny ngha l Zc = U(t) / i(t).

The main parameter for defining electrical signal propagation along a

line. This signal is always a pair of two mobile waves, voltage u(t)

and current i(t), that are rigidly linked and which propagate at the

same speed. The characteristic impedance Zc (also referred to as "wave

impedance") is the constant ratio between these two values, i.e. Zc =

u(t) / i(t).

Clamped joint - Mi ni kp.


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Class I equipment -- Thit b cp I

Thit btrong bo v chng in git khng ch ph thuc vo cch

in chnh, m cn bao gm nhng phng tin kt ni nhng b phn dn

in hn mt dy dn bo v trong h thng lp t cnh.

Equipment in which protection against electric shock does not rely on

basic insulation only, but which includes means for the connection of

exposed conductive parts to a protective conductor in the fixed wiring

of the installation .

Class II equipment -- Thit b cp II

Thit b trong bo v chng in git khng ch ph thuc vo cch

in chnh, m cn ph thuc vo nhng d phng an ton cng thm nh

cung cp cch in b sung. Khng c dphng kt ni cc phn kim

loi h ca thit bn mt dy dn bo v, v khng yu cu dphng trong h thng lp t cnh.

Equipment in which protection against electric shock does not rely on

basic insulation only, but in which additional safety precautions such

as supplementary insulation are provided, there being no provision for

the connection of exposed metalwork of the equipment to a protective

conductor, and no reliance upon precautions to be taken in the fixed

wiring of the installation .

Class of LPS -- Cp ca H thng chng st

S ch phn hng ca mt h thng chng st theo mc bo v chng st

m n c thit k.

Number denoting the classification of an LPS according to the

lightning protection level (LPL) for which it is designed .

Clamp -- Kp .

Clay --t st .

Clay shales -- pin st .

Clay slates -- st xm

Collection area - in t tu st

Collection area for flashes near a line - in t tu st n gnmt ng dy

Collection area for flashes near a structure - in t tu st ngn mt ng trn


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Collection area for flashes to a line - in t tu st n vo

mt ng dy

Collection area for flashes to an adjacent structure - in t tust n vo mt ng trn in

Collection area for flashes to an elevated roof protrusion - in

t tu st n vo mt pn n n mi

Collection area for flashes to an isolated structure - in t tust n vo mt ng trn y

Combination type SPD -- SPD loi kt hp

SPD kt hp c hai thnh phn chuyn mch in p v hn chin p,

n c th biu l tnh cht chuyn mch in p, hn chin p hoc

c hai, ph thuc vo c tnh ca in p p dng.

SPD that incorporates both voltage-switching and voltage-limiting type

components and that may exhibit voltage-switching, voltage-limiting or

both voltage-switching and voltage-limiting behaviour, depending upon

the characteristics of the applied voltage.

Combustible materials -- Vt liu d chy.

Common Bonding Network CBN -- Mng lin kt chung

Phng tin chnh ni lin kt v ni t hiu qu bn trong mt

cng trnh vin thng. N l tp hp nhng thnh phn kim loi ni

lin kt vi nhau mt cch chnh hoc tnh c to nn phn chnh

ca mng lin kt chung trong mt cng trnh. Nhng thnh phn ny gm

c: thp kt cu hay nhng thanh ct thp, ng nc kim loi, ng lun

(thp) ca in a.c., dy dn bo v, gi cp, dy dn lin kt. CBN

lun lun c topo li v c kt ni vo mng ni t.

The principal means for effecting bonding and earthing inside atelecommunication building. It is the set of metallic components that

are intentionally or incidentally interconnected to form the principal

BN in a building. These components include: structural steel or

reinforcing rods, metallic plumbing, a.c. power conduit, PE

conductors, cable supports, bonding conductors. CBN always has network

topology and is connected to the earth-termination system.

Common d.c.return power system (d.c. C)-- Ngun dc ng v chung

Mt h thng ngun DC trong dy dn vc ni vi mng lin kt

(BN) xung quanh ti nhiu v tr. Mng lin kt (BN) ny c th l


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mt mng lin kt mt li (MBN) (kt qu l ta c mng MBN vi ngun

mt chiu ng v chung) hoc mt mng lin kt cch ly (IBN) (kt

qu l ta c mng IBN vi ngun mt chiu ng v chung). Cng c

nhng cu hnh phc tp hn.

A d.c. power system in which the return conductor is connected to the

surrounding BN at many locations. This BN could be either a mesh-BN(resulting in a d.c.-C MBN system) or an IBN (resulting in a d.c.-C

IBN system). More complex configurations are possible.

Common mode (CM) -- Mt chung

in p nh nhau vi tt c cc dy dn trong mt nhm khi o gia

nhm ny, ti mt vtr cho trc, vi mt im tham chiu bt k

(thng l t).

Voltage common to all conductors of a group as measured between thatgroup at a given location and an arbitrary reference (usually earth).

Compact and crystalline sandstone -- Sa thch cng v tinh th.

Components of LPS - Thnh phn H thng chng st.

Conductive part -- B phn dn in

B phn c thmang dng in. Part which can carry electric current.

(Conductive) screen, (Conductive) shield (US) -- Che chn dn in

B phn dn in gip che chn hay phn cch nhng mch in v/hoc

dy dn.

Conductive part that encloses or separates electric circuits and/or

conductors.

Conductor -- Dy dn

Phn dn in nhm mang mt dng in chnh.

Conductive part intended to carry a specified electric current.

(Conductor) continuity fault, open circuit fault -- Sct dy

Tnh trng mt phn t c tng trtng i ln bt ng hin din

gia hai im ca cng mt ng dy.


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State of an item characterized by the accidental presence of a

relatively high impedance between two points of the same conductor.

(Conductor) continuity fault current -- ng in sct dy

Dng in trong mt tng tr to nn s c mt lin tc ca dy dn

Electric current in the impedance causing the conductor continuity

fault.

Connected line --ng dy c kt ni .

Connecting conductor -- ng dn kt ni.

Connecting component -- Thnh phn kt ni

B phn ca H thng chng st dng kt ni cc dy dn vi nhau

hay vi cc lp t kim loi.

GHI CH: Cng bao gm thnh phn bc cu v ming mrng.

Part of an LPS which is used for the connection of conductors to each

other or to metallic installations .

NOTE: This also includes bridging component and expansion piece.

Connection -- Kt ni, Mi ni .

Connection current (of F.O.C)Ic -- ng in mi ni(ca cp quang)

Dng in v cp nh nht gy nn h hng chnh c nh gi vi

php th nghim khnng khng dng xung t bin ca nhng thnh phn

kt ni.

Minimum sheath current value, causing primary failures, evaluated with

the test for surge current resistibility of the interconnecting

elements.

Connector -- u ni .

Construction -- (Kt cu) xy dng .

Contents -- Vt cha .


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Conventional earthing impedance -- Tng tr ni t quy c

T s ca cc tr snh ca in p cc t v dng in cc t,

theo cch tng qut, khng xy ra ng thi.

Ratio of the peak values of the earth-termination voltage and the

earth-termination current which, in general, do not occur

simultaneously.

Conventional touch voltage limit UL --in p tip x quy c

Gi tr ti a ca ca in p tip xc k vng n c cho php duy

tr khng hn nh trong nhng iu kin v nh hng bn ngoi xc

nh.

Maximum value of the prospective touch voltage which is permitted to

be maintained indefinitely in specified conditions of externalinfluences.

Coordinated SPD system -- H thng SPD theo t

SPD c la chn ng c lp t v xp xp theo ta to thnh

mt h thng nhm mc ch gim h hng cho cc h thng in v in

t.

SPDs properly selected, coordinated and installed to form a system

intended to reduce failures of electrical and electronic systems.

Copper coated aluminum alloy - Hp im ng m nhm.

Copper coated steel - Thp mng.

(Electrical and chemical) corrosion -- n mn (in ha).

>


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Correction factor - H s hiu chnh.

Cost of loss in a zone - i p tn tt trong mt vng

Cost of residual loss in a zone - i p o tn tt n i trongmt vng

Cost of protection measure -- Chi ph ca bin php bo v.

Cost of residual loss -- Chi ph tn tht cn li.

Cost of total loss without protection measure -- Chi ph tn thtton b khi khng c bin php bo v.

Crimping - Ni cun mp.

Current peak value I - Gi tr dng ti

Gi tr ti a ca dng st. Maximum value of the lightning current.

Coupler -- Kp-, ng ni

Mi ni c / in gia hai nhiu phn ca mt h thng chng st.

Mechanical and/or electrical junction between two or more portions of

a LPS.

Dangerous event -- Bin c nguy him.

Dangerous sparking -- Png in nguy him

Phng in do st to nn thit hi vt cht trong cng trnh cn c

bo v.

Electrical discharge due to lightning which causes physical damage in

the structure to be protected.

Data line --ng dliu

Cp mang thng tin, phn bit vi in nng.

GHI CH: v d vng dliu l nhng ng dy in thoi, ng dy iu

khin txa v ng dy tn hiu.

Cable carrying information as distinct from power.

NOTE: Examples of data lines are telephone lines, telemetry control and

signal lines.


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Differential mode (DM) -- Mt vi sai

in p ti mt im cho trc, gia hai dy dn khc nhau ca mt

nhm.

GHI CH: mt vi sai i khi c gi l mt ngang.

Voltage at a given location between two conductors of a group.

NOTE: Differential mode is sometimes known as transverse mode.

Direct contact -- Tip xc trc tip

Tip xc in ca con ngi hay ng vt vi b phn mang in.

Electric contact of persons or animals with live parts.

Direct lightning current to aerial cables (J) --

ng st n trc tip gy ng cho cp treo (J)

Dng st nh nht nh vo mt cp treo gy ra mt c phng in xung

t.

Minimum lightning current which strikes an aerial cable causing a

flashover to ground.

Double insulation -- in kp

Cch in bao gm ccch in chnh v cch in b sung.

Insulation comprising both basic insulation and supplementary

insulation.

Down conductor -- Dy xung

Dy dn ni mt b phn thu st vi mt cc ni t.

Conductor that connects an air termination with an earth termination.

Down-conductor system -- H thng dy xung

L mt phn ca h thng chng st bn ngoi, nhm mc ch dn dng

st t h thng cc thu st xung h thng in cc t.

Part of an external LPS intended to conduct lightning currents fromthe air-termination system to the earth-termination system.


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Downward flash -- Tia (st) ng xung

Tia st khi u bng tia tin o (leader) hng xung, tm my

xung t.

GHI CH: Tia st hng xung gm mt xung (c st ngn) trc tin, sau c

th l nhng xung (c st ngn) lin tip. Mt hay nhiu c st ngn c th

theo sau bng mt c st di.

Lightning flash initiated by a downward leader from cloud to earth.

NOTE: A downward flash consists of a first impulse (short stroke), which can

be followed by subsequent impulses (short strokes). One or more impulses

(short strokes)may be followed by a long stroke.

Duration of long stroke current Tlong -- Thi gian xung dng c st di

Thi gian trong khong dng in ca c st di c tr s t 10% tr

snh lc tng cho n 10% tr snh lc gim.

Time duration during which the current in a long stroke is between the

10 % of the peak value during the increase of the continuing current

and 10 % of the peak value during the decrease of the continuing

current.

>

Earth , Ground (US) --t

Vt th dn in Trit c in th ti mi im c quy c xem

nh bng khng.

Conductive mass of the Earth, whose electric potential at any point is

conventionally taken as equal to zero.

Earth (verb) , Ground (verb) (US) -- Ni t (Tip t)

To mt kt ni in gia mt im cho trc trong mt h thng, mt

lp t, hay mt thit b, v mt t ti ch.


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GHI CH: Kt ni vt ti ch c th l:

- Chnh, hay

- Khng chnh hay bt ng

V c thvnh vin hoc tm thi.

Make an electric connection between a given point in a system or in aninstallation or in equipment and a local earth .

NOTE The connection to local earth may be

intentional, or

unintentional or accidental

and may be permanent or temporary.

Earth electrode, Ground pole (US) --in c t (Cc tip t)

Mt b phn hay nhm cc b phn dn in tip xc mt thit vi tv cung cp kt ni in vi t.

(b phn hay nhm cc b phn ca h thng in cc t cung cp tip

xc in trc tip vi t v phn tn dng in st vo trong t.)

A conductive part or a group of conductive parts in intimate contact

with and providing an electrical connection with earth.

(part or a group of parts of the earth-termination system which

provides direct electrical contact with the earth and disperses

lightning current to the earth)

Earth electrode resistance --in trin c t

in tr ca mt in cc t so vi t.

Resistance of an earth electrode to earth.

Earth fault , Ground fault (US) -- Sc chm t

Xy ra mt ng dn in bt ng gia mt dy dn mang in v t.

GHI CH: ng dn c thi qua mt cch in hng, qua kt cu (v d ct,

gin gio, cn cu, thang), hay i qua cy ci (cy to, bi cy) v c th c

mt tng trng k.

Occurrence of an accidental conductive path between a live conductor

and the Earth .

NOTE: The conductive path can pass through a faulty insulation,

through structures (e.g. poles, scaffoldings, cranes, ladders), or through

vegetation (e.g. trees, bushes) and can have a significant impedance.


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Earth fault current -- ng in sc chm t

Dng in s c chy vo t.

Fault current which flows to earth.

Earth fault factor, Ground fault factor (US) H s sc chm t

Ti mt vtr cho trc ca mt h thng 3 pha v i vi mt cu

hnh h thng cho trc, l t s gia gi tr hiu dng cao nht ca

in p tn s cng nghip pha-t trn mt dy pha khe mnh trong

thi gian mt s c chm t nh hng mt hay nhiu dy pha ti mt

im bt k ca h thng, vi gi tr hiu dng ca in p tn s

cng nghip pha-t c tht c ti vtr cho trc trong trng

hp khng c s c chm t nh vy.

At a given location of a three-phase system, and for a given systemconfiguration, ratio of the highest root-mean-square value of line-

to-earth power frequency voltage on a healthy line conductor during

an earth fault affecting one or more line conductors at any

point on the system, to the root-mean-square value of line-to-earth

power frequency voltage which would be obtained at the given

location in the absence of any such earth fault.

Earth fault loop impedance -- Tng tr vng sc chm t

Tng tr ca mch vng s c chm t bt u v kt thc ti im s

c chm t, k hiu Zs.

GHI CH: Vng sc chm t gm c nhng thnh phn sau bt u tim s

c:

Dy bo v mch;

Cc ni t ca h tiu th v dy dn t; v

Vi h thngTN, ng v kim loi; hoc vi h thng TT v IT, ng

vt; v

ng i qua im trung tnh ni t ca my bin p v dy qun ca

my bin p; v

Dy dn pha tmy bin p n im sc.

Impedance of the earth fault current loop starting and ending at the

point of earth fault, denoted by the symbol Zs .

NOTE: The earth fault loop comprises the following, starting at the point of

fault:

The circuit protective conductor; and

The consumers earthing terminal and earthing conductor; and

For TN systems, the metallic return path; or for TT and IT systems, the

earth return path; and


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The path through the earthed neutral point of the transformer and the

transformer winding; and

The phase conductor from the transformer to the point of fault.

Earth grid -- Li ni t

in cc t di dng hai nhm in cc t chn nm ngang, song

song, trong cng mt vng hnh ch nht thng t gn nh thng gc

vi nhau, vi cc in cc c ni lin kt ti mi giao im.

Earth electrode in the form of two overlapping groups of buried,

parallel, horizontal electrodes in the same rectangular area, usually

laid approximately at right angles to each other, with the electrodes

bonded at each intersection.

Earth leakage current -- ng r t

Dng in chy vo t, hay vo nhng b phn dn in ngoi lai,

trong mt mch in ang tt (cha h hng).

GHI CH: Dng in ny c th c mt thnh phn in dung bao gm c kt qu

do sdng cc tin c chch.

Current which flows to earth, or to extraneous-conductive-parts, in a

circuit which is electrically sound .

NOTE: This current can have a capacitive component including that resulting

from the deliberate use of capacitors.

Earth potential rise (EPR) --tng tt.

Earth-return path, Ground-return path (US) --ng vt

ng dn in cung cp bi t, dy dn hay b phn dn in gia

nhng b tr ni t.

Electrically conductive path provided by the Earth, conductors or

conductive parts between earthing arrangements.

Earth rod -- C (tn) t

in cc t dng thanh c ng thng vo trong t, v tip xc

trc tip vi t.

Earth electrode with shape of rod, driven horizontally into earth and

contact directly with earth.


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Earth-surface voltage (to earth),

Ground-surface voltage (to ground), Ground potential (US) --

in p mt t (so vi t tham chiu),in th mt t

in p gia mt im xc nh trn mt t v t tham chiu.

Voltage between a specified point on the Earth's surface and

reference earth.

Earth termination system H thng in c t , H thng in cc

tip t

Phn ca mt trang b ni t trong phm vi cc in cc t v ni

lin kt gia chng.

(Phn ca h thng chng st bn ngoi nhm dn v phn tn dng stvo trong t.)

The part of an earthing installation that is restricted to the earth

electrodes and their interconnections.

(Part of an external LPS which is intended to conduct and disperse

lightning current into the earth.)

Earth termination system resistance --in tr h thng in c tin tr gia mi ni kim tra v t: n bng thng s ca tng

in th o mi ni kim tra so vi mt tham chiu xa v cng, v

mt dng in p dng vo in cc t.

Resistance between the test joint and earth: it equals the quotient of

potential increase, measured at the test joint with respect to an

infinitely remote reference, and of the applied current to the earth

electrode.

Earth-termination voltage --in p in c t

Hiu in th gia h thng in cc t v t xa.

Potential difference between the earth-termination system and the

remote earth .

Earthed concentric wiring -- Dy dn ng trc ni t

H thng dy dn trong mt hay nhiu rut dn bc cch in cbao bc sut chiu di ca chng bng mt dy dn, v d, mt v bo

v kim loi n ng vai tr nh mt dy PEN.


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Wiring system in which one or more insulated conductors are completely

surrounded throughout their length by a conductor, e.g. a metallic

sheath, which acts as a PEN conductor.

Earthing , Grounding (US) -- Ni t.

Earthing arrangement, Grounding arrangement (US) -- B tr ni t

Tt c kt ni in v kh clin quan n ni t trong mt h

thng, mt lp t hay mt thit b.

All the electric connections and devices involved in the earthing of a

system, an installation or an equipment.

Earthing conductor, Ground conductor (US) -- Dy dn t (Cp dn t)

Mt dy dn bo v kt ni cc hay thanh ni t chnh n in cc

t.

A protective conductor connecting the main earth terminal or bar to

the earth electrode.

Earthing-conductor voltage (to earth), Grounding-conductor voltage (toground) (US) --in p dy dn t so vi t

in p gia dy dn t so vi t tham chiu.

Voltage between the earthing conductor and reference earth.

Earthing for work, Grounding for work (US) -- Ni t lm vic

Ni t ngt ngun cc b phn mang in sao cho cng vic c th

thc hin m khng c nguy him in git.

Earthing deenergized live parts so that work may be performed without

danger of electric shock.

Earthing resistance --in tr tip t

in tri vi dng in truyn lan tcc in cc tip t, k c

dy ni cc in cc.

Resistance to the current propagate from the earth electrodes,composed of all connector and electrodes.


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Earthing system,Grounding system (US)-- H thng ni t, H thng

tip t

H thng ton b kt hp h thng in cc t v mng lin kt.

Complete system combining the earth-termination system and the bonding

network.

Earthing switch, Grounding switch (US) -- Chuyn mch ni t

Kh c chuyn mch c kh cho nhng b phn ni t ca mt mch in,

c khnng khng dng s cnh l ngn mch trong mt thi gian ch

nh nhng khng i hi phi mang dng dn bnh thng ca mch

in.

Mechanical switching device for earthing parts of an electric circuit,

capable of withstanding for a specified duration electric currentsunder abnormal conditions such as those of short-circuit, but not

required to carry electric current under normal conditions of the

electric circuit.

Effective lightning collection area -- Din tch thu st hiu dng .

(Effective) touch voltage --in p tip xc hiu dng

in p gia nhng b phn dn in khi tip xc ng thi bi mt

ngi hay mt ng vt.

GHI CH: Gi trin p tip xc hiu dng c th bnh hng ng k bi

tng trca ngi hay vt trong tip xc vi nhng b phn dn in.

Voltage between conductive parts when touched simultaneously by a

person or an animal .

NOTE: The value of the effective touch voltage may be appreciably influenced

by the impedance of the person or the animal in electric contact with these

conductive parts.

Electric burn -- Phng in

Phng da hay mt c quan ni tng gy nn bi mt dng in dc theo

b mt ca n hay xuyn qua n.

Burning of the skin or an organ caused by an electric current along

its surface or through it.


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Electric contact Chmin

Trng thi hai hay nhiu b phn dn in tip xc vi nhau bt ng

hay khng chnh v to nn mt ng dn n lin tc.

State of two or more conductive parts which touch each other

accidentally or intentionally and form a single continuous conductive

path.

(Electric) counterpoise system -- H thng i trng in

Dy dn hay h thng dy dn chn trong t, v kt ni in vi

nhng ct ca ng dy cp treo.

Conductor, or system of conductors, buried in the ground, and

electrically connecting the footings of the supports of an overhead

line.

Electric shock --in git

Hiu ng sinh l do kt qu tmt dng in i qua mt c thngi

hay ng vt.

Physiological effect resulting from an electric current through a

human or animal body.

Electrical enclosure -- (Cu trc) che chn in

Cu trc che chn cung cp bo v chng li nhng nguy him tin liu

c th xy ra do in.

Enclosure providing protection against the foreseen dangers created by

electricity.

Electrical system -- H thng in

H thng kt hp cc thnh phn cp in h th.

System incorporating low voltage power supply components .

(Electrical) tetanization -- o rt (do in)

S co li ca c ti a hay gn ti a do b kch thch in.

GHI CH: Mt sco rt c lin tc c c th to nn do bkch thch inlp li nhng thi khong ngn hn thi gian co rt c to nn bi mt tc

nhn kch thch n.


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Maximal or nearly maximal muscular contraction caused by electrical

stimulation.

NOTE: A continuous tetanization may be produced by electric stimuli repeated

at intervals shorter than the duration of the tetanization produced by a

single stimulus.

Electrically independent earth electrodes --in c t c lp v

in

Nhng in cc t c v tr cch xa nhau sao cho dng ti a nu chy

qua mt trong chng khng lm nh hng ng kn in th ca in

cc kia.

Earth electrodes located at such a distance from one another that the

maximum current likely to flow through one of them does not

significantly affect the potential of the other(s).

(Electrically) instructed person --Ngi c hun luyn vin

Ngi c c vn hay c gim st bi ngi c knng vin c

th nhn lnh ri ro v trnh c him nguy m in c th gy ra.

Person adequately advised or supervised by electrically skilled

persons to enable him or her to perceive risks and to avoid hazards

which electricity can create.

(Electrically) protective barrier -- Ro chn bo v(in)

B phn cung cp bo v chng tip xc trc tip t bt khng tip

cn thng thng no.

Part providing protection against direct contact from any usual

direction of access.

(Electrically)protective enclosure --(Cu trc)che chn bo v vin

Che chn in bao quanh cc b phn bn trong ca thit b chng tip

cn n cc phn mang in nguy him t mi pha.

Electrical enclosure surrrounding internal parts of equipment to

prevent access to hazardous-live-parts from any direction.

(Electrically) protective obstacle -- Vt cn bo v(in)

B phn ngn tip xc trc tip khng chnh nhng khng ngn tip

xc trc tip bng hnh ng c .


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Part preventing unintentional direct contact, but not preventing

direct contact by deliberate action.

(Electrically) protective screen,(Electrically) protective shield (US)

- Che chn bo v vin

Che chn dn in dng ngn cch mt mch in v/hoc dy dn khi

nhng phn mang in nguy him.

Conductive screen used to separate an electric circuit and/or

conductors from hazardous-live-parts.

(Electrically) protective screening,(Electrically) protectiveshielding (US) -- (S, bin php)Che chn bo v vin

Ngn cch nhng mch in v/hoc dy dn khi nhng phn mang in

nguy him bng che chn bo v vin c ni n h thng lin kt

ng th bo v nhm cung cp bo v chng in git.

Separation of electric circuits and/or conductors from hazardous-

live-parts by an electrically protective screen connected to the

protective equipotential bonding system and intended to provide

protection against electric shock.

(Electrically) protective separation Phn cch bo v (vin)

Phn cch mt mch in khi mt mch khc bng phng tin:

- cch in kp; hay

- cch in chnh v che chn bo v; hay

- cch in tng cng.

Separation of one electric circuit from another by means of:

- double insulation or

- basic insulation and electrically protective screening or

- reinforced insulation.

(Electrically) skilled person --Ngi c knng vin

Ngi vi o to v kinh nghim thch hp c th nhn lnh ri ro

v trnh c him nguy m in c th gy ra.

Person with relevant education and experience to enable him or her

to perceive risks and to avoid hazards which electricity can create.


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Electrocution --in git cht

in git gy cht. Fatal electric shock.

(Electromagnetic) screen -- Che chn (in t)

Che chn bng vt liu dn in nhm gim s xm nhp ca cc trng

in tkhc nhau vo trong vng xc nh.

Screen of conductive material intended to reduce the penetration of a

varying electromagnetic field into a given region.

Electronic equipment -- Thit bin t

Nhng thit b truyn thng, nhng h thng vin trc (o lng t

xa) my tnh iu khin v o lng, nhng lp t in t cng sutv nhng thit btng ng c cha cc thnh phn (linh kin) in

t.

Communication equipment, telemetry, computer, control and

instrumentation systems, power electronic installations and similar

equipment incorporating electronic components.

Electronic equipment cabinet (EEC) -- Ca-bin thit bin t

Mt cu trc che chn bo v thit bin t, m tt c thit bc

lp t trong c th tip cn t pha ngoi v khng phi i vo

bn trong.

An EEE for which all installed equipment can be fully accessed from

the outside without having to enter an interior area.

Electronic Equipment Enclosure (EEE)--

Cu trc che chn bo v thit bin t

Mt cu trc cung cp bo v vt cht v mi trng cho thit bin

t vin thng, v:

- Ch c mt tng;

- C din tch nn khng ln hn 100m2;

- C nhu cu ngun in AC.

A structure that provides physical and environmental protection for

electronic communication equipment, and that:

has only one level;


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State when conductive parts are at a substantially equal electric

potential.

Equipotentialization by means of a meshed earthing system --ng th

ha bng h thng ni t dng i.

Equivalent collection area of a structure AE -- Din t tu st tng

ng

Mt din tch phng trn mt t s chu cng mt slng cc tia st

nh cng trnh ang kho st.

A flat ground surface subjected to the same number of lightning

flashes as the structure under consideration.

Expected total number of persons (or users served)- Tng s k vngnn vin (y ngi dng c phc v).

Explosive materials -- Vt liu d n .

Exposed conductive part -- B phn dn in h

B phn dn in ca thit b c th tip xc, n khng l b phn mangin nhng c th tr thnh mang in di nhng iu kin s c.

Conductive part of equipment which can be touched and is not a live part

but might become live under fault conditions.

External conductive parts -- B phn dn in bn ngoi

Nhng hng mc kim loi tri di i vo hayi ra cng trnh cn bo

v nh ng nc, thnh phn cp bng kim loi, ng cp kim loiv.v

n c th mang mt phn dng st.

Extended metal items entering or leaving the structure to be protected

such as pipe works, cable metallic elements, metal ducts, etc. which

may carry a part of the lightning current.

External lightning protection system -- H thng (bo v) chng st

bn ngoi

Phn ca h thng chng st bao gm mt h thng cc thu st, mt h

thng dy xung, v mt h thng in cc t.


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Part of the LPS consisting of an air-termination system, a down-

conductor system and an earth-termination system .

External LPS isolated from the structure to be protected -- HT (bo

v)chng st bn ngoi cch ly vi cu trc cn bo v

H thng chng st bn ngoi btr theo cch lm cho ng i ca

dng st khng tip xc vi cng trnh cn bo v.

LPS with an air-termination system and down-conductor system

positioned in such a way that the path of the lightning current has no

contact with the structure to be protected .

External LPS not isolated from the structure to be protected --

HT chng st bn ngoi khng cch ly vi cng trnh cn bo v

H thng chng st bn ngoi btr theo cch lm cho ng i ca

dng st c th tip xc vi cng trnh cn bo v.

LPS with an air-termination system and down-conductor system

positioned in such a way that the path of the lightning current can be

in contact with the structure to be protected.

Extranous conductive part -- B phn dn in ngoi lai, B phn dn inng ri

B phn dn in c th chu mt in th thng l in tht, v

khng to thnh b phn ca h thng lp t in.

Conductive part being liable to introduce a potential, generally earth

potential, and not forming part of the electrical installation.

Factor depending on shielding, grounding, and isolation conditions of the

line for flashes near a line s p tu nng iu in n,ni t, v y ng dy i vi nng ti st n gn ng

dy.

Factor depending on shielding, grounding, and isolation conditions of the

line for flashes to a line s p tu nng iu in n, ni

t, v y ng dy i vi nng ti st n vo ng dy.

Factor increasing the loss when a special hazard is present - H s giatng tn tht khi mt mi d c bit tn ti.

Factor relevant to the characteristics of internal wiring H s linqun n c tnh ca h thng i dy n trong


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Factor relevant to the impulse d voltage of a system H sin qun n

in p khng xung ca h thng.

Factor relevant to the performance of protection measures against LEMP H sin qun n hiu nng a nhng bin php bo v chng xung.

Factor relevant to the screening effectiveness of the structure H s

in qun n tnh hiu qu mn chn ca cng trnh.

Factor relevant to the screening effectiveness of the shields internal tothe structure H sin qun n tnh hiu qu che chn ca cc mn

chn bn trong cng trnh.

Failure current (for telecom line) Ia -- ng gy ng (o ng

dy vin thng)

Gi trnh nh nht ca dng st to nn mt h quang trc tip trncp v gy nn h hng chnh.

Minimum peak value of the lightning current giving rise to a direct

arc on the cable and causing primary failure.

Failure of electrical and electronic systems -- ng cc h thngin v in t

Thit hi vnh vin ca cc h thng in v in t do LEMP.

Permanent damage of electrical and electronic systems due to LEMP .

Fault -- Sc

Tnh trng ca mch trong dng in chy theo mt li bt thng v

khng chnh.

GHI CH: iu ny c th dn th hng cch in hay ni tt cch in. Tng

trgia cc dy mang in hoc gia dy mang in v b phn dn h(hay

ngoi lai) ti im scc xem nh khng ng k.

Circuit condition in which current flows through an abnormal or

unintended path .

NOTE: This can result from an insulation failure or the bridging of

insulation conventionally. The impedance between live conductors or between

live conductors and exposed or extraneous-conductive-parts at the fault

position is considered negligible

Fault protection -- Bo v sc

Bo v chng in git di nhng iu kin s cn.


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Protection against electric shock under single-fault conditions.

Fibrillation -- Co git, rung lit

S co qup c do cc si c ring ltc ng khng phi hp.

Muscular twitching involving individual muscle fibres acting without

Co-ordination.

Fire precaution - Bin php phng chy.

Fire sensibility - Tnh nhy chy.

First long stroke - C st di thnht.

First short stroke - C st ngn thnht.

Fissiles shales -- pin dip thch .

Fixing component -- Thnh phn cnh

Phn ca HTCS c dng cnh (gn) cc phn t vo cng trnh

cn bo v.

Part of an LPS which is used to fix the elements of the LPS to the

structure to be protected .

Flash charge QFLASH --in tch tia st

Gi trc c nh tch phn thi gian ca dng st trong ton b

thi gian tia st.

Value resulting from the time integral of the lightning current for

the entire lightning flash duration.

Flash duration T -- Thi gian tia st

Thi gian dng st chy vo ti im nh trng.

Time for which the lightning current flows at the point of strike.

Flashes to the side of tall building -- Nhng ti st n vo nhbn ca ta nh cao.

Floor resistivity -in tr sut ca nn (sn).


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Foundation earth electrode --in c t dng mng

Phn dn in c chn trong t bn di mng ta nh hoc, hay hn

na c m trong b tng ca mng ta nh thng c dng mt vng

kn.

Conductive part buried in the soil under a building foundation or,

preferably, embedded in concrete of a building foundation, generally

in form of a closed loop.

Frequency of damage (Fd) -- Tn sut thit hi

S ln st nh trung bnh hng nm gy thit hi cho cng trnh vin

thng.

Average annual number of lightning discharges which cause damage in a

telecommunication plant.

Front time of impulse (short stroke) current T1 -- Thi gin sntrc ca xung dng c st ngn

Tham so xc nh bng 1,25 ln khong thi gian gia nhng thi

im khi tr sxung t c 10% v 90% tr snh.

Virtual parameter defined as 1,25 times the time interval between the

instants when the 10 % and 90 % of the peak value are reached

Function (of structure) -- ng nng (a cng trnh) .

Functional earth, Functional grounding (US) -- Ni t ch nng

Ni t mt hay nhiu im trong mt h thng, mt lp t, hay mt

thit b, cho nhng mc ch khc hn an ton in.

Earthing a point or points in a system or in an installation or in anequipment, for purposes other than electrical safety.

Functional-equipotential-bonding -- Lin kt ng th ch nng

Lin kt ng th cho mc ch vn hnh khc hn bo v.

Equipotential bonding for operational reasons other than safety.


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Functional insulation -- in ch nng

Cch in gia nhng b phn dn in, cn thit cho vn hnh bnh

thng ca thit b.

Insulation between conductive parts, necessary for the proper

functioning of the equipment.

Global earthing system -- H thng ni t ton cc

H thng ni t tng ng c to ra bng cch ni lin kt tt c

nhng h thng ni t cc b sao cho bo m, bng gn ca cc h

thng ni t, rng khng c in p tip xc nguy him. Nhng h

thng nh vy cho php phn chia dng s c chm t theo cch cho kt

qu mt s gim tng tht ti h thng ni t cc b.

GHI CH 1: Mt h thng nh vy c th ni l to nn mt b mt chun ngth.

GHI CH 2: Shin din ca h thng ni t ton cc c thc xc nh

bng nhng php o ly mu hoc tnh ton cho nhng h thng in hnh. V d

in hnh ca nhng h thng ni t ton cc l nhng trung tm thnh ph;

nhng vng th hay cng nghip vi ni t h th v cao th phn b.

Equivalent earthing system created by the interconnection of local

earthing systems that ensures, by the proximity of the earthing

systems, that there are no dangerous touch voltages. Such systems

permit the division of the earth fault current in a way that results

in a reduction of the earth potential rise at the local earthingsystem.

NOTE 1: Such a system could be said to form a quasi equipotential surface.

NOTE 2: The existence of a global earthing system can be determined by sample

measurements or calculation for typical systems. Typical examples of global

earthing systems are in city centres; urban or industrial areas with

distributed low- and high-voltage earthing.

Gneiss -- g-nai.

Grid-like external LPS -- H thng chng st ngoi dng i.

Grid-like spatial shield -- Che chn khng gian dng i

Che chn tc trng vi cc l h.

GHI CH: Vi mt ta nh hay mt phng, n hay c xy dng bng cch ni

lin kt nhng thnh phn kim loi tnhin ca kt cu (v d nhng thanh

ct thp trong b tng, khung sn kim loi v nhng phn chu lc kim loi).

Magnetic shield characterized by openings.


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NOTE: For a building or a room , it is preferably built by interconnected

natural metal components of the structure (e.g. rods of reinforcement in

concrete, metal frames and metal supports).

round v Mt t

Ground group -- T tip t

Mt hay nhiu in cc tip t c lin kt in vi nhau, c chn

trc tip trong t hoc tip xc mt thit vi t.

One or several earth electrodes interconnected, burried directly in or

in intimate contact with earth.

Gutter -- Mng xi.

Hazardous-live-part -- B phn mng in nguy him

B phn mang in di nhng iu kin no n c thgy in

git nguy him.

Live part which, under certain conditions, can give a harmful electric

shock.

Hot-dipped galvanized steel Thp m nhng nng.

orizont ondutor y dn ngng

Horizontal electrode -- in cc nm ngang .

Igneous rocks -- ni a.

Immediate mechanical damage -- Thit hi ti ch .

Impedance earthed neutral system, Impedance grounded neutral system

(US) -- H thng trung tnh ni t vi tng tr

H thng trong t nht mt im trung tnh c ni t qua mt kh

c c mt tng trc thit k hn dng ngn mch pha-t.

System in which at least one neutral point is earthed through a

device having an impedance designed to limit the line-to-earth short-

circuit current.


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Impedance to earth -- Tng tr vt

Tng tr ti mt tn s gia mt im xc nh trong mt h thng, mt

lp t, hay mt thit bv t tham chiu.

Impedance at a given frequency between a specified point in a system

or in an installation or in an equipment and reference earth.

Impulse charge, Short stroke charge Qshort --in tch xung (c st

ngn)

Gi trc c t tch phn thi gian ca dng st trong mt xung (c

st ngn).

Value resulting from the time integral of the lightning current in an

impulse (a short stroke) .

Impulse voltage --in p xung

in p xung c cc c im c trng theo cch tng tnh dng

xung.

Impulse voltage has characteristics in the same way as impulse

current.

Impulse withstand voltage in p khng xung.

Indicating plate -- Bin bo

Bin ghi chi tit slng v vtr cc in cc t.

Plate detailing the number and positions of earth electrodes.

Inclined electrode in cc nghing.

Indirect contact -- Tip xc gin tip

Tip xc in ca ngi hay vt vi b phn dn in h tr

thnh mang in trong iu kin s c.

Electric contact of persons or animals with exposed-conductive-

parts which have become live under fault conditions.


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>

Injury to living beings -- Tn tng sin mng

Tn thng vnh vin, bao gm mt mng (cht) cho ngi v ng vt

do in git bi in p tip xc v in p bc to nn bi st.

GHI CH: Mc d mng sng c th b tn thng theo cch khc, trong IEC

62305-2 thut ngtn thng sinh mng c gii hn trong mi nguy him do

in git (loi thit hi D1).

Permanent injuries, including loss of life, to people or to animals by

electric shock due to touch and step voltages caused by lightning.

NOTE: Although living beings may be injured in other ways, in this part of

IEC 62305 the term injury to living beings is limited to the threat due to

electrical shock (type of damage D1).

Injury to living beings by eleectric shock -- Tn tng sin mng doin git.

nsttion tor o t in s p t ng dy

Insulation in.

IT System, IT system -- H thng (mng) IT

H thng (mng) in khng c kt ni trc tip gia nhng phn mang

in v t (cch ly); nhng phn dn in h ca h thng lp t

in th phi c ni t (ni vt).

Electrical system has no direct connection between live parts and

Earth (Isolated); the exposed-conductive parts of the electrical

installation are to be earthed (Terrestial).

Interconnected reinforcing steel -- Ct thp ni lin kt

Ct thp trong kt cu b-tng c xem nh lin tc vin.


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(Ct thp trong kt cu b-tng, cung cp mt in trng dn in

nh v c xem nh lin tc vin, c th dng lm mt thnh phn

chng st t nhin bn trong mt cng trnh, v d mt dy xung.)

Steelwork within a concrete structure which is considered electrically

continuous.

(Steelwork within a concrete structure, providing an electrical path

of small resistance and being considered electrically continuous, can

be used as a natural lightning component within a structure, e.g. a

down conductor.)

Internal lightning protection system -- H thng chng st bn trong

Phn ca HTCS bao gm cc ni lin kt ng th chng st v/hoc cc

b tr cch ly vi HTCS bn ngoi.

Part of the LPS consisting of lightning equipotential bonding and/or

electrical insulation of external LPS .

Internal systems -- H thng bn trong

Nhng h thng in v in t bn trong cng trnh.

Electrical and electronic systems within a structure .

Interest rate Li sut.

Ionization -- Ion ha

Dy qu trnh vt l theo cc ion c to ra. Mt ion l mt

nguyn t hay mt nhm nguyn t ly thm (ion m) hay mt i (ion

dng) mt hay hn electron bng in phn hay qua pht x,

Series of physical processes by which ions are created. An ion is anatom or group of atoms that have gained (negative ion) or lost

(positive ion) one or more electron, by electrolysis or through

radiation.

Isolated Bonding Network (IBN) -- Mng lin kt cch ly

L mng lin kt c mt im ni n (SPC) n mng lin kt chung

hoc mt mng lin kt cch ly khc. Tt c cc mng lin kt cch ly

u c 1 ng ni ti t qua im ni n.


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A bonding network that has a single point of connection (SPC) to

either the common bonding network or another isolated bonding network.

All IBNs considered here will have a connection to earth via the SPC.

Isolated d.c. return power system (d.c.-I)-- Ngun dc ng v cch ly

Mt h thng ngun DC trong dy dn v c mt im ni duy nht ni

vi mng lin kt chung (BN). Cng c nhng cu hnh phc tp hn.

A d.c. power system in which the return conductor has a single point

connection to a BN. More complex configurations are possible.

Isolated external LPS -- H Thng Chng St ngoi cch ly.

Isolated neutral system -- H thng trung tnh cch ly

H thng trong im trung tnh khng ni t chnh, ngoi tr

nhng kt ni tng tr cao cho nhng mc ch bo vhay o lng.

System in which the neutral point is not intentionally earthed,

except for high impedance connections for protection or measurement

purposes.

Isolating interfaces -- Giao tip cch ly

Nhng kh c c khnng lm gim cc xung dn trn nhng ng dy

vo LPZ.

GHI CH 1: Bao gm cc bin p cch ly vi mn chn ni t t gia nhng

cun dy, nhng cp quang khng c kim loi, v nhng b cch ly cp quang.

GHI CH 2: c tnh cch in ca kh c tthn thch hp cho p dng ny

hoc nhqua SPD.

Devices which are capable of reducing conducted surges on linesentering the LPZ .

NOTE 1: These include isolation transformers with earthed screen between

windings, metal-free fibre optic cables and opto-isolators.

NOTE 2: Insulation withstand characteristics of these devices are suitable

for this application intrinsically or via SPD.

Isolating spark gap (ISG) -- Khepng in cch ly

Thnh phn vi khong cch phng in dng cho vic cch ly cc b

phn lp t c tnh dn in.


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GHI CH: Trong bin cst nh trng, nhng b phn ny tm thi kt ni dn

in vi nhau do p ng vi sphng in.

Component with discharge distance for isolating electrically

conductive installation sections.

NOTE: In the event of a lightning strike, the installation sections are

temporarily connected conductively as the result of response to thedischarge.

Isolation -- Cch ly

t b phn kim loi trong v trn mt cng trnh cch h thng chng

st sao cho b phn kim loi ny khng phi dn mt phn ca dng st.

Positioning of metal in and on a structure relative to the lightning

protection system so that the metal is not required to carry any part

of of the lightning current.

Keuper sandstone -- Sa thch Keuper.

Keraunic level (Td) --Mc keraunic

Gi tr ngy dng trung bnh trong mt nmly t tng s ngy dng

trong mt chu k hot ng 12 nm ca mt tri, ti mt trm quan trc

kh tng.

Average value of thunderstorm days number per year, taken from the sum

number of thunderstorm days in an activity period of 12 years of the

Sun, recorded at a meteorological observatory station.

Joint -- Mi ni

Ch kt ni c v/hoc in gia hai hay nhiu phn ca mt h thng

chng st.

Mechanical and/or electrical junction between two or more portions of

a lightning protection system.

Lashed joint Mi ni i

Lattice plate Bn i.

Lead Ch.


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>

Leakage current -- ng in r

Dng in trong mt dng dn khng mong mun di iu kin vn hnh

bnh thng.

Electric current in an unwanted conductive path under normal operating

conditions.

LEMP protection measures -- Bin php bo v chng xung in tdo st

Bin php p dng bo v nhng h thng bn trong chng li nhng

hiu ng ca LEMP (Xung in t do st).

GHI CH: y l mt phn ca bo v chng st ton b.

Measures taken to protect internal systems against the effects of LEMP

(Lightning electromagnetic impulse).

NOTE: This is part of overall lightning protection.

LEMP Protection Measures System (LPMS) -- H thng bin php bo vchng xung in tdo st

L mt h thng hon chnh ca cc bin php bo v chng li xung

in t do st (LEMP) cho cc h thng lp t bn trong cng trnh.

The complete system of LEMP protection measures for the internal

installations of the structure.

Let-go threshold (current) --Ngng dng tot r c

Gi tr ln nht ca dng in i qua c th mt ngi m ngi c

th tthot ra c.

Maximum value of electric current through the body of a person at

which that person can release himself or herself.


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Let-through voltage --in p thng qua

in p nh ti a xy ra trong 100 s ca thi gian p dng sng th

nghim (test wave).

Maximum peak voltage occuring within 100 s of application of the test

wave.

Life hazard -- Him nguy sinh mng.

Lightning -- St

St l hin tng phng in c tia la km theo ting n trong khng

kh, n c th xy ra bn trong m my gia hai m my mang in

tch tri du hoc gia m my tch in vi t. Mt cng trnh,

trong qu trnh khai thc, chu tc ng ca st nh sau:

- Tc ng do st nh trc tip: l tc ng ca dng st nh trc

tip vo cng trnh;

- Tc ng do dng st lan truyn v cm ng: l tc ng th cp ca

st do cc nh hng tnh in in t, galvanic...

Discharge phenomenon with flash and thunder in the air, occuring

inside the cloud, or between two clouds with opposite electric charge,

or between a charged cloud and earth. A structure, in operation

process, is affected by lightning as:

- Affected by direct lightning flash: the effect of direct

lightning flash to the structure.

- Affected by the effects of lightning current propagation and

induction: the secondary effects of lightning by electrostatic,

electromagnetic galvanic influences.

Lightning continuing current Dng lin tc ca st.

Lightning current -- ng in st

Dng in chy vo im nh trng.

Current flowing at the point of strike.

Lightning current parameters -- Tham s dng st.


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(Lightning) dangerous event -- Bin c nguy him (do st)

Tia st nh vo hay nh gn cng trnh cn bo v nh vo hay nh

gn ng dy kt ni vo cng trnh cn bo v, v gy nn thit hi.

Lightning flash to or near the structure to be protected, or to or

near a line connected to the structure to be protected that may cause

damage.

Lightning earth -- Ni t chng st

B tr ni t nhm mc ch bo v chng st.

Earthing arrangement for the purpose of lightning protection.

Lightning electromagnetic impulse (LEMP) -- Xung in tdo St

Tt c nhng hiu ng in t ca dng st, qua kt ni in tr in

cm v in dung, to nn nhng xung t bin v trng in t pht

x.

All electromagnetic effects of lightning current via resistive,

inductive and capacitive coupling which create surges and radiated

electromagnetic fields .

Lightning equipotential bonding EB -- Lin kt ng th chng st

Lin kt vo H thng Chng st ca nhng b phn dn in ng ri,

bng cch dng nhng kt ni dn in trc tip hay qua nhng SPD

gim hiu sin th to nn bi dng st.

Bonding to LPS of separated conductive parts, by direct connections or

via surge protective devices (SPDs), to reduce potential differences

caused by lightning current.

(Lightning) flash density NG -- Mt st

Mt st l s ln st nh xung mt n v din tch mt t trong

mt nm (ly bng 1 km2).

Yearly number of lightning flashes to ground per area unit (1km).

Lightning flash near a line -- i st n gn mt ng dy

Tia st nh vo ni gn mt ng dy kt ni vo mt cu trc cnbo v v n c th gy ra nhng qu p nguy him.


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Lightning flash striking close enough to a line connected to the

structure to be protected that it may cause dangerous overvoltages

Lightning flash near a structure -- i st n gn mt cu trc

Tia st nh vo ni gn mt cu trc cn bo v v n c th gyra nhng qu p nguy him.

Lightning flash striking close enough to a structure to be protected

that it may cause dangerous overvoltages .

Lightning flash near an object -- i st n gn mt vt th

Tia st nh vo ni gn mt vt th cn bo v v n c th gy ra

nhng qu p nguy him.

Lightning flash striking close enough to an object to be protected

that it may cause dangerous overvoltages.

Lightning flash to a line -- i st n vo ng dy

Tia st nh vo mt ng dy kt ni vo mt cu trc cn c bo

v.

Lightning flash striking a line connected to the structure to beprotected .

Lightning flash to a structure -- i st n vo u trc

Tia st nh vo mt cu trc cn bo v.

Lightning flash striking a structure to be protected .

Lightning flash to an object -- i st n vo mt vt th

Tia st nh vo mt vt th cn bo v.

Lightning flash striking an object to be protected .

Lighning flash (to earth) -- Tia st (xung t)

Hin tng phng in c ngun gc kh quyn gia my v t gm c

mt hay nhiu c st.


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Electrical discharge of atmospheric origin between cloud and earth

consisting of one or more strokes.

Lightning impulse current -- Dng xung st

Xung dng in di tn s thp, xut hin khng c chu k nht nh,tng vt n gi trnh, ri gim xung n gi trkhng. Cc c

trng ca dng xung st l:

- Gi trnh (bin ) xung, I;

- Thi gian sn trc (n gi trnh), T1;

- Thi gian n gi tr gia (trn sn sau), T2;

- Dng sng dng xung, T1/T2.

Impulse current of low frequencies band, appears in unspecifiedperiod, rises up to peak value,then reduce to zero. Characteristics of

it are:

- Peak value (amplitude) of impulse;

- Front time to peak value, T1;

- Time to half value on the tail, T2;

- Wave shape of the impulse current, T1/T2 .

Lightning protection (LP) -- (Bo v) chng st

H thng ton b bo v cng trnh chng st, bao gm nhng h

thng bn trong v vt cha cng nh con ngi, ni chung gm c H

thng chng st (LPS) v Bin php bo v chng xung t bin (SPM)

Complete system for protection of structures against lightning,

including their internal systems and contents, as well as persons, in

general consisting of an LPS and SPM.

Lightning protection designer -- Ngi thit k chng stChuyn gia thng tho v c knng thit k h thng chng st.

Specialist competent and skilled in the design of the LPS.

Lightning protection installer --Ngi lp t chng st

Ngi thng tho v c knng lp t h thng chng st.

Person competent and skilled in the installation of the LPS.


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Lightning protection level (LPL) -- Mc bo v chng st

L con slin quan n mt tp hp cc tham sdng st tng ng vi

xc sut m cc gi tr thit k ln nht v nh nht s khng bvt

qu trong hin tng st nh t nhin.

GHI CH: Mc bo v chng st c dng thit k nhng bin php

bo v da theo tp hp tham s ca dng st.

Number related to a set of lightning current parameters relevant to

the probability that the associated maximum and minimum design values

will not be exceeded in naturally occurring lightning .

NOTE: Lightning protection level is used to design protection measures

according to the relevant set of lightning current parameters.

Lightning Protection System LPS -- H thng (bo v) chng st

L mt h thng hon chnh c dng lm gim cc thit hi vt

cht do st nh vo cng trnh.

GHI CH: N gm c c h thng chng st ngoi v trong.

Complete system used to reduce physical damage due to lightning flashes to

a structure.

NOTE: It consists of both external and internal lightning protection systems.

Lightning protection zone (LPZ) -- Vng bo v chng st

Vng trong mi trng in t ca st c xc nh.

GHI CH: nhng bin ca mt vng bo v chng st LPZ khng cn phi

trng vi bin ca vt th (v d: tng, sn, trn).

Zone where the lightning electromagnetic environment is defined .

NOTE: The zone boundaries of an LPZ are not necessarily physical

boundaries (e.g. walls, floor and ceiling).

Lightning protective cable -- Cp c bo v chng st

Cp c bit c bn in mi tng cng, v kim loi ca n tip

xc vi t, hoc trc tip hoc bng cch dng v bc nha dn in.

Special cable with increased dielectric strength, whose metallic

sheath is in continuous contact with the soil either directly or by

the use of conducting plastic covering.


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Lightning protective cable duct -- ng cp chng st -

ng cp tip xc in tr thp vi t.

VD: ng cp kim loi gia cng bng b tng vi thp kt cu lin

kt

Cable duct of low resistivity in contact with the soil .

EXAMPLE: metallic duct interconnected with structural steel

reinforcements of concrete.

Lightning risk -- Ri ro st .

>

Lighning strike -- st n trng

Mt tia st nh trng mt cu trc. Lightning flash attatching to a

structure.

Lightning stroke -- C st

Phn ca tia st tng ng vi mt xung dng.

Part of the lightning flash which corresponds to an impulse current.

Lightning thread -- Him ha st .

Limited-current source -- Ngun (hn) dng

Thit b cung cp in nng cho mt mch in:

- Vi dng trng thi n nh v in tch c gii hn n mc khng

nguy him, v

-c trang b cch ly bo vin gia ng ra thit b v bt k b

phn mang in nguy him no.

Device supplying electric energy to an electric circuit:


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- with a steady-state current and an electric charge limited to

non-hazardous levels, and

- equipped with electrically protective separation between the output

of the device and any hazardous-live-part.

Line --ng dy, ng dn

ng ngun hay ng vin thng kt ni vi cng trnh cn bo v.

Power line or telecommunication line connected to the structure to be

protected .

Line type tor or VLV trnsormr on t in s oing dy o mt MA rung t trn ng dy

Line-to-earth short-circuit -- Ngn m p t

Ngn mch gia mt dy pha v t, trong mt h thng trung tnh ni

t cng hay trong mt h thng trung tnh ni t tng tr.

GHI CH: Dng ngn mch c thc thit lp, v d, qua mt dy dn t v

mt in cc t.

Short-circuit between a line conductor and the Earth, in a solidly

earthed neutral system or in an impedance earthed neutral system

NOTE: The short-circuit can be established, for example, through an

earthing conductor and an earth electrode.

Line-to-earth voltage, Line-to-ground voltage (US) --in p pha-t

in p gia mt dy pha v t tham chiu ti mt im cho trc ca

mt mch in.

Voltage between a line conductor and reference earth at a given point

of an electric circuit.

Line-to-line short-circuit -- Ngn mch pha-pha

Ngn mch gia hai hay nhiu dy pha, kt hp hay khng vi ngn mch

pha-t ti cng mt im.

Short-circuit between two or more line conductors, combined or not

with a line-to-earth short- circuit at the same place.


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Line-to-line voltage --in p phapha

in p gia hai dy pha ti mt im cho trc ca mt mch in.

Voltage between two line conductors at a given point of an electric

circuit.

Line-to-neutral voltage --in p pha-trung tnh

in p gia mt dy pha v dy trong tnh ti mlt im cho trc ca

mt mch in.

Voltage between a line conductor and the neutral conductor at a given

point of an AC circuit.

Live part -- B phn mng in

Dy dn hoc b phn dn in chnh c cp in trong s dng

bnh thng, bao gm dy trung tnh nhng theo quy c, khng phi l

dy PEN.

Conductor or conductive part intended to be energized in normal use,

including a neutral conductor but, by convention, not a PENconductor.

Local Area Network (LAN) -- Mng cc bH thng truyn thng d liu, h tr cc Lp (layers) 1 v 2 ca Mu

chun ISO (ISO Reference Model) cho cc kt ni nhng H thng M

(Open Systems), c phm vi gia 2 u cui (end-to-end) ln n 1km,

v c tnh nng vn hnh h tr thng qua cho d liu kt hp

(aggregate data) nh yu cu ca cc trm (thit bu cui).

Data communications system supporting layer 1 and 2 of the ISO

Reference Model for Open Systems Interconnections, having a geographic

coverage up to 1 km end-to-end and possessing sufficient performance

to support the aggregate data throughput required by stations (dataterminal equipment) being used.

(Local) earth , (Local) ground (US) --t ti ch

Phn ca t tip xc vi mt in cc t v in th ca n khng

nht thit bng khng.

Part of the Earth which is in electric contact with an earth

electrode and the electric potential of which is not necessarily equal

to zero.


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Lotion tor s v tr

Lotion tor o n dnt strutur s v tr mt ng

trn in .

Log book -- S ghi

S ghi nhng kt qu v bo co o th v kim tra nh k ca mt h

thng lp t chng st.

A book logged in it results and reports of periodic tests and checks

of a lightning protection system.

Long stroke -- C st di

Phn ca tia st ng vi mt dng lin tc.

GHI CH: di xung ny Tlong (ttr s 10% ca sn trc n tr s 10% ca

ui xung) tiu biu thn 2ms n khng qu 1s.

Part of the lightning flash which corresponds to a continuing current.

NOTE: The duration time TLONG ( Time from 10% value on the front to the 10%

value on the tail) of this continuing current is typically more than 2 ms and

less then 1s.

Long stroke charge Qlong --in tch c st di

Gi trc c t tch phn thi gian ca dng st trong mt c st

di.

Value resulting from the time integral of the lightning current in a

long stroke .

Loss, Mean (relative) amount of loss, Expected loss per damage (Lxi) -

- Tn tht, Trng s tn tht, Tn tht k vng vi mi thit hi(Lxi)

Lng trung bnh tng i tn tht i vi mi thit hi (bin c

nguy him) gy nn bi mt tia st.

Gi tr Lxi thay i vi loi tn tht:

- Lx1: Tn tht nhn mng;

- Lx2: Tn tht dch v cng cng;

- Lx3: Tn tht di sn vn ha;

- Lx4: Tn tht gi tr kinh t.


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Mean relative amount of loss per damage (dangerous event) caused by a

lightning flash.

The Loss value Lxi varies with the type of loss:

- Lx1: Loss of human life;

- Lx2: Loss of public service;

- Lx3: Loss of cultural heritage;

- Lx4: Loss of economic values.

Loss of social value -- Tn tht gi tr x hi .

Magnetic shield (screen) -- Che chn t

Mn chn bng kim loi bc kn, dng li hoc lin tc, bao bc cngtrnh cn bo v, hay mt phn ca n dng gim cc h hng ca

nhng h thng in v in t.

Closed metallic, grid-like or continuous screen enveloping the

structure to be protected, or part of it, used to reduce failures of

electrical and electronic systems.

Main earth terminal (MET), Main earth bar (MEB), Main earthingterminal, Main earthing busbar, Main grounding terminal (US), Main

grounding busbar (US) --- Cc ni t chnh (MET), Thanh ni dt chnh(MEB)

Cc hay thanh l mt phn ca b tr ni t ca mt h thng lp t

v cho php kt ni in cho mt s dy dn cho nhng mc ch ni

t.

Terminal or busbar which is part of the earthing arrangement of an

installation and enabling the electric connection of a number of

conductors for earthing purposes .

Maintenance rate Sut bo dng.

Malfunction -- Vn hnh sai.

Marble -- o ng.

Marls --t st vi.

(Lightning) meshed conductors -- Li thu st.

Mean radius Bn knh trung bnh.

Meshed earthing system -- H thng ni t dng i .


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Mesh Bonding Network (MBN) -- Mng lin kt mt i

Mng lin kt m tt c cc khung thit b, gi , cabin, v thng

thng, dy dng ca ngun mt chiu, c ni lin kt vi nhau ng

thi vi mng lin kt chung (CBN) ti nhiu im. Kt qu l mng

lin kt mt li MBN lm tng cng Mng lin kt chung CBN.

Bonding network in which all associated equipment frames, racks and

cabinets, and usually, the d.c. power return conductor, are bonded

together as well as at multiple points to the CBN. Consequently, the

mesh-BN augments the CBN.

Mesh Isolated Bonding Network (M-IBN) -- Mng lin kt cch ly mti

Mng lin kt cch ly m trong cc thnh phn ca n c ni vi

nhau to thnh mt cu trc dng mt li.

A type of IBN in which the components of the IBN (e.g. equipment

frames) are interconnected to form a mesh-like structure.

Mesh methodPng pp i.

Mesh size, mesh width -- K t i, rng i.

Metal installations -- Lp t kim loi

Nhng hng mc kim loi ko di vo cng trnh cn bo v n c th

to nn mt ng dn cho dng st nh ng nc, cu thang, ray dn

hng thang my, cc ng gi, si v iu ha khng kh, ct thp

lin kt, Nhng phn thp kt cu.

Extended metal items in the structure to be protected which may form a

path for lightning current, such as pipework, staircases, elevator

guide rails, ventilation, heating and air-conditioning ducts,

interconnected reinforcing steel, structural metal parts

Mid-point -- im gia

im chung gia hai thnh phn mch i xng m hai im i din ca

n c kt ni in n hai dy pha khc nhau ca cng mt mch.

Common point between two symmetrical circuit elements the opposite

ends of which are electrically connected to different line conductors

of the same circuit.


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Mid-point conductor -- y im gia

Dy kt ni in vim gia v c khnng gp phn vo vic phn

phi in nng.

Conductor electrically connected to the mid-point and capable of

contributing to the distribution of electric energy.

Mild steel -- Thp mm.

Multi grounded (earthed) Neutral power line, MEN power line -ng

in rung tn ip , ng ngun c Trung tnh Ni t im, ng ngun MEN.

Multiple stroke (lightning flash) -- Tia st nhiu c

Tia st gm c trung bnh t3 n 4 c st, vi khong cch thi gian

tiu biu gia chng chng 50ms.

GHI CH: c nhng bo co v tia st gm vi chc c st, vi khong cch

thi gian gia chng t10ms n 250ms.

Lightning flash consisting on average of 3 or 4 strokes, with typical

time intervals between them of about 50ms.

NOTE: Events having up to a few dozen strokes with intervals between them

ranging from 10 ms to 250 ms have been reported.

Mutual inductance --in cm tng

Tnh cht ca mt mch theo mt in p c cm ng trong mt mch

vng bi mt dng in bin thin trong mt dy dn ring bit khc.

Property of a circuit whereby a voltage is induced in a loop by a

changing current in a separate conductor.

Natural component of LPS -- Thnh phn tnhin ca H thng chng st

Nhng thnh phn c tnh dn in, khng dng ring cho h thng chng

st (HTCS) m c dng thm cho HTCS, hoc trong mt strng hp

c th cung cp chc nng cho mt hay nhiu phn ca HTCS.

GHI CH: Nhng v d ca thut ngny bao gm:

- Cc thu st tnhin;

-

Dy xung tnhin;

- in cc t tnhin.


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Conductive component installed not specifically for lightning

protection which can be used in addition to the LPS or in some cases

could provide the function of one or more parts of the LPS.

NOTE: Examples of the use of this term include:

natural air-termination;

natural down-conductor;

natural earth electrode.

Neutral conductor -- Dy trung tnh

Dy dn ni im trung tnh ca mt h thng v c khnng gp phn

vo vic truyn dn nng lng in; trong BS 7671 thut ngcng

ch dy dn tng ng ca mt h thng IT hoc DC trkhi c xc

nh khc.

Conductor connected to the neutral point of a system and capable of

contributing to the transmission of electrical energy; the term also

means the equivalent conductor of an IT or d.c. system unless

otherwise specified in BS 7671.

Natural Earth Electrode --in c t tnhin

Cc b phn bng kim loi ca cng trnh c tip xc trc tip vi

t v c s dng cho mc ch tip t.

Metalworks of the building in contact directly with earth and used for

earthing purpose.

Neutral-point displacement voltage --in p dch chuyn im trungtnh

in p gia im trung tnh thc hoc o so vi t tham chiu, trong

mt h thng nhiu pha.

Voltage between the real or virtual neutral point and reference

earth, in a polyphase system.

Neutral point treatment -- Ni trung tnh

Cch thc kt ni in ca im trung tnh vt.

Manner of electric connection of the neutral point to reference earth.


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Node -- Nt

im trn mt ng dy t tri s lan truyn xung t bin c

thxem nh khng ng k.

GHI CH: Nhng v d v nt l mt im trn mt phn phi nhnh ca ng

dy ti in ti mt my bin p Trung/H th hoc mt trm ph, mt tng i

vin thng hay mt thit b(ngha l thit b ghp knh hay xDSL) trn mtng dy vin thng.

Point on a line from which onward surge propagation can be assumed to

be neglected.

NOTE: Examples of nodes are a point on a power line branch distribution at an

HV/LV transformer or on a power substation, a telecommunication exchange or

an equipment (e.g. multiplexer or xDSL equipment) on a telecommunication

line.

Nominal voltage --in p dn nh

in p theo mt h thng lp t (hay mt phn ca h thng lp t)

c thit k.

GHI CH: Nhng dy in p danh nh sau y (gi tr hiu dng a.c.) c xc

nh:

a- in p cc thp: khng qu 50V a.c. hoc 120 V d.c. khng dn sng, gia dy

vi dy hoc vi t;

b- Hp (in p thp): cao hn in p cc thp nhng khng qu 1.000V a.c.hoc 1.500V d.c., gia dy vi dy, hay khng qu 600V a.c hoc 900V d.c.gia dy

vi t;

c- Cao p (in p cao): cao hn 1.000 V a.c. hoc 1.500 V d.c. gia dy vi dy,

hay cao hn 600V a.c hoc 900V d.c.gia dy vi t;

in p thc t ca mt h thng lp t c th khc gi trdanh nh mt lng

trong dung sai chun nh.

Voltage by which an installation (or part of an installation) is

designated .

NOTE: The following ranges of nominal voltage (r.m.s. values for a.c.) are

defined:

a- Extra-low normally not exceeding 50 V a.c. or 120 V ripple free d.c.,

whether between conductors or to earth;

b- Low normally exceeding extra-low voltage but not exceeding 1,000 V a.c. or

1,500 V d.c. between conductors, or 600 V a.c. or 900 V d.c. between

conductors and earth;

c- High exceeding 1,000 V a.c. or 1,500 V d.c. between conductors, or 600 V

a.c. or 900 V d.c. between conductors and earth .


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The actual voltage of the installation can differ from the nominal value by a

quantity within normal tolerances.

Non-conducting environment --Mi trng khng dn in

Dphng ni mt ngi hay ng vt tip xc mt b phn dn in h trnn c in nguy him sc bo v bng mi trng tng

trcao xung quanh i tng (v dtng hay nn cch in) v bng

cch trnh xa cc b phn dn ni t.

Provision whereby a person or an animal touching an exposed-

conductive-part that has become hazardous-live is protected by the

high impedance of his environment (e.g. insulating walls and floors)

and by the absence of earthed conductive parts.

Non-isolated LPS -- HTCS khng cch ly.

Number of dangerous events per annum -- S bin c nguy him hng nm

Number of dangerous events due to flashes near a line NI -- S bin c

nguy him do st n gn mt ng dy

S trung bnh k vng hng nm ca nhng bin c do nhng tia st nh

gn mt ng dy.

Expected average annual number of dangerous events due to lightning

flashes near a line .

Number of dangerous events due to flashes near a structure NM -- Sbin c nguy him do st n gn mt cng trnh


gn mt cng trnh

Expected average annual number of dangerous events due to lightningflashes near a structure.

Number of dangerous events due to flashes to a line NL -- S bin cnguy him do st n vo mt ng dy


vo mt ng dy.


flashes to a line .


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Number of dangerous events due to flashes to a structure ND -- S bin

c nguy him do st n vo mt cng trnh

S trung bnh k vng hng nm ca cc bin c do nhng tia st nh

vo mt cng trnh.


flashes to a structure.

Number of dangerous events due to flashes to a telecommunication lineNL -- S bin c nguy him do st n vo mt ng dy vin thng

S trung bnh k vng hng nm cc bin c nguy him do nhng tia st

nh vo mt dng dy dch v.


flashes to a service line.

Number of possible endangered persons (victims or users not served) Sngi c th b nguy him (nn nn y ngi dng ng c phc

v).

Object to be protected --i tng cn bo v

Ta nh hay dch v cn c bo v chng nhng hiu ng ca st.

Structure or service to be protected against the effects of lightning.

Occupant and contents -- dn v vt cha .

Ordinary person --Ngi n tng

Ngi khng phi l ngi c knng cng khng phi l ngi chun luyn.

Person who is neither a skilled person nor an instructed person.

Overhead earth wire, Overhead ground wire (US) -- y t treo

Dy dn ni t chnh ti mt s hay tt c cc ct ca mt ng

dy treo n thng nhng khng nht thit c lp t pha trn cc

dy dn ca ng dy.


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