© 2008 by prentice hall12-1 bargaining unit consists of employees (not necessarily union members)...
TRANSCRIPT
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© 2008 by Prentice Hall 12-1
Bargaining Unit
Consists of employees (not necessarily union members) recognized by employer or certified by administrative agency as appropriate for representation by labor organization for purposes of collective bargaining
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© 2008 by Prentice Hall 12-2
Steps for Forming a Bargaining Unit External EnvironmentInternal Environment
Signing of Authorization
Cards
Petition for
Election
Election Campaign
Election and
Certification
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© 2008 by Prentice Hall 12-3
Signing Authorization Cards
• Document indicating employee wants to be represented by labor organization in collective bargaining
• Is there sufficient interest on part of employees to justify unit?
• Evidence of interest when at least 30% of employees in workgroup sign authorization cards
• Usually need 50% to proceed
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Petition for Election
• After authorization cards have been signed, petition for election made to regional NLRB office
• NLRB will ordinarily direct that election be held within 30 days
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Election Campaign
• Both union and management usually promote causes actively
• Cannot threaten loss of jobs or benefits• Cannot misstate important facts• Illegal to incite racial or religious prejudice
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Election and Certification
• NLRB monitors secret-ballot election • Board issues certification of results to
participants• If majority of employees vote for union,
NLRB will certify
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Collective Bargaining
• Fundamental to management-organized labor relations in United States
• Process does not require either party to make concessions; only compels them to bargain in good faith
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Forms of Bargaining Structures
• One company dealing with a single union
• Several companies dealing with single union
• Several unions dealing with single company
• Several companies dealing with several unions
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Collective Bargaining Process
Preparing for Negotiation
Bargaining Issues
Preparing for Negotiation
Reaching the Agreement
Negotiation Breakdowns?
Ratifying the Agreement
Administration of the Agreement
Overcoming Breakdowns
EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENTINTERNAL ENVIRONMENT
Yes
No
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Psychological Aspects of Collective Bargaining
• Difficult because process is adversarial situation and must be dealt with as such
• Psychological aspects vitally important
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Bargaining Issues
• Mandatory bargaining issues - Wages, hours, etc.
• Permissive bargaining issues - May be raised but neither side may insist that they be bargained over
• Prohibited bargaining issues - Statutorily outlawed
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Bargaining Issues
Document that results from collective bargaining process is labor agreement or contract
• Recognition• Management Rights
• Union Security• Compensation and Benefits
• Grievance Procedure• Employee Security
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Recognition
• Appears at beginning of labor agreement
• Identifies union that is recognized as bargaining representative
• Describes bargaining unit
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Management Rights
Section that is often (but not always) written into labor agreement which spells out rights of management
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Union Security
• Closed Shop - Arrangement whereby union membership is prerequisite to employment
• Union Shop - Requires all employees become members of union after specified period
• Maintenance of Membership - Must continue memberships until termination of agreement
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Union Security (Cont.)
• Agency Shop - Nonunion members pay union equivalent of membership dues as kind of tax
• Exclusive Bargaining Shop - Company must deal with union that has achieved recognition, but employees not obligated to join
• Open Shop - Equal terms for union members and nonmembers
• Dues Checkoff - Company agrees to withhold union dues