© 2012 intertex data ab 1 overview of an internet+ model © 2012 intertex data ab prepared...

© 2012 Intertex Data AB 1

Overview of an Internet+ Model

© 2012 Intertex Data AB

Prepared for: INGATE’S SIP TRUNK – UC SEMINARS: SIP Trunking, Video, Collaboration and MoreITEXPO Conference, Miami, February 2012

By: Karl Erik Ståhl President Intertex Data ABCEO and Chairman Ingate Systems [email protected]

Also see:http://www.ingate.com/files/An_Internet+_Model_for_Global_Unified_Communication.pdfInternet+ Whitepaper (in progress)Live Demo Presentation from ITEXPO SIP Trunking Summit Miami, February 2011! http://www.ingate.com/files/ITEXPO_Miami_2011_Presentations/Intertex%20-%20UC%20Across%20the%20Borders.pps


More on the Internet+ Model

© 2012 Intertex Data AB

Today 1st, 1:30 pm : Overview of an Internet+ Model

Thursday 2nd, 1:00 pm : Video-Over-IPDriving the Need for an Internet+

Friday 3rd, 9:00 am : BoF, Room A208Birds-of-a-Feather , Session

Also see:http://www.ingate.com/files/An_Internet+_Model_for_Global_Unified_Communication.pdfInternet+ Whitepaper (in progress)Live Demo Presentation from ITEXPO SIP Trunking Summit Miami, February 2011! http://www.ingate.com/files/ITEXPO_Miami_2011_Presentations/Intertex%20-%20UC%20Across%20the%20Borders.pps http://www.ingate.com/itexpo_miami_2012.php http://www.ingate.com/files/itexpo_miami_2012/Intertex-BoF_Internet+.pps


Intertex & Ingate

Same parent company

Intertex: SMB, SOHO and home SIP Firewalls and E-SBCs

• For service provider volume deployment

Ingate: Enterprise and SMB SIP Firewalls and E-SBCs

• SIParators® for enterprises and projects

Cooperation in management and development Co-developed SIP code Ingate represents Intertex in the US


SIP Trunking: We are Hooking up IP-PBXs to ITSPs

PSTNGWSIP System

Data & VoIP LAN

IP-PBX

SIP Trunking Provider

SIParator®

Confirmed Interoperability: Ingate & IntertexSIP Trunk Providers IP-PBXs

SIP Trunk

Compliant with

Aastra Aastra/Ericsson MX One Adtran UC Server Digium/Asterisk Avaya Aura Avaya IP Office Avaya SES/CM Avaya QE Brekeke Broadsoft Cisco Fonality HP/3Com -VCX Innovaphone Interactive Intelligence Iwatsu LG Nortel Microsoft OCS Mitel NEC / Sphere Nortel BCM Nortel SCS Objectworld Panasonic Samsung SER Shoretel Siemens SIP-Gear SwyxMore in pipeline....

360 Networks Airespring AT&T BandTel Bandwidth.com Broadvox BT (British Telecom) Cablevision Cbeyond Cellip Comm Partners Cordia Corporation Deltacom Excel Switching Gamma Telecom GEOS Global Crossing IP-Only Nectar Level 3 Netlogic Netsolutions

Nexvortex Nuvox O1 One Communications Paetec Primus RNK Telecom Skype TDC Telavox Tele2 Tele Pacific Teletek TeliaSonera Toplink Tritel VoEX Voice Flex VoIP Unlimited Voxbone Voxitas XeloQMore in pipeline...

Carrier Equipment Acme Packet Broadsoft Genband Sonus

Sylantro SER NSN More in pipeline…


Are we Finally Getting it All Together?

RJ45

LAN Intranet Internet

Now we have a new global network: The IP Networks And we have a new standard: SIP

RJ11

POTS and PSTN have been there for 100 years

Black Phone

IP Phone

Presence Messaging VideoVoice

3.5 kHz isn’t HiFi, but MOS is 5!

Soft ClientWiFi Mobile


Session Delivery Network (SDN) and IMS

Sorry, it’s POTSoIP SIP has been Used to Replace Pieces of the PSTN

Maintaining Old Structures POTSoIP

We had a cloud that could transport all communication, including voice and UC.

Today, we use the Internet for all smart communication, but lack global real-time communication, multimedia or UC.

We get the 100 years Plain Old Telephony Service (POTS) - maybe cheaper and more flexible. But is this the way forward?


It’s Not Even Good for FAXing

And Carriers Peer their Networks PSTN Style…

It is even destructive for the 160 years old Fax service*

And their billing is by voice minutes – Far away from any UC! And where did the reliability, scalability and good performance of IP go?

* Mike Coffee, CEO of Commetrex: Work in progress by SIP Forum’s FoIP Task Group and the i3 Forum.

T.38 works fine in one hop!

Internet

Internet has Shown the Success of a Cloud!

We need this for global UC:

With:1. All you can do with SIP - UC2. Full mobility3. Numbers and SIP addresses4. Quality up to Telepresence5. Interoperability – Don’t GW,

unless required6. Delivery to the users

SIP Connect 1.1

Internet+ But got this (SDN/IMS):(Wires on top of the cloud!? Wasn’t

creating the cloud the success?)

MPLS

Session Delivery Network (SDN) = POTSoIP


Provide Internet+ so we can get Telephony+

UC rich communication (not just AM radio quality Voice): Bring the islands (Enterprise UC LAN, Skype, Google Talk and others) together!

Deliver to the users: On LANs and with Smart Phones!

UC should be global, with quality and with phone numbers as well as SIP-addresses!


We Are (sometimes) Doing Better!

PSTNGW

Data & VoIP LAN

IP-PBX

UC Voice MailRemote

Users Ingate/Intertex E-SBCs enable SIP based Live UC Across the Borders! (SIP does not traverse ordinary NAT/Firewalls.)

SoftSwitch/SBCOverlay

SIParator®

Users and Services can be Everywhere: SIP must connect there!


SIP is Self Routing and E-SBCs Can Do it All

TeliaSonera Internet

SIParator IX78

ENUM

QoS IP Network QoS IP Network

CDR

CDR

MPLSMPLS

AT&TQwest Deutsche Telecom Internet

MPLS


So, Don’t Just Feed SIP Into POTSoIP…

PSTNGW

Data & VoIP LAN

IP-PBX

UC Voice MailRemote

Users Follow standards so we don’t need gateways, here, there and everywhere!

SoftSwitch/SBCOverlay

SIParator®

We do everything else successfully, flat over the Internet. Please let us have the same for all real-time communication also.The Internet+ Thanks!

ONLY FOR POTS


Time for Something Better: Internet+

Learn from the success of the Internet:

Networks shall Not Be Application Specific!

The Internet+:A non application-specific transport network: Just like the Internet!

It IS the Internet – just extended:

+ Delivery to the users, on LANs and to smart phones

+ Prioritization for real-time traffic - Just enable diffserv

+ Metering and charging of “beyond Internet usage”

Good for everyone:

The SDN is not needed,

- IP connects end-to-end

- SIP is a self-routing

also for the Telcos:

Provide something better,

- and users will pay for it..

Bill the better!


Time for Something Better: Internet+

Learn from the success of the Internet:

Networks shall Not Be Application Specific!

The Internet+:A non application-specific transport network: Just like the Internet!

It IS the Internet – just extended:

+ Delivery to the users, on LANs and to smart phones

+ Prioritization for real time traffic - Just enable diffserv

+ Metering and charging of “beyond Internet usage”

Good for everyone:

The SDN is not needed,

- IP connects end-to-end

- SIP is a self-routing

also for the Telcos:

Provide something better,

- and usrs will pay for it..

Bill the better!

Enable the new services, interoperability and the standard we

need and want!

At the same time:- New Telco revenue

- Vast Telco infrastructure savings

How to do?Easier than believed!


It Should be of Utmost Interest for the Telcos

For real-time usage, we need an Internet pipe with prioritization enabled - not just for telepresence quality, but also for 2G, 3G and 4G mobile real-time usage with smart phones Has to be charged separately. If not, it would be used for everything and we are

back at all usage being at the same quality level.

And we don’t want our smart phone batteries drained

And we want to use both phone number and addresses – not the many island.

Telephony Income (highly charged)

Low Charged Internet Bandwidth

Quality Bandwidth New Income

Data

RTC

Telephony+

Internet+ Economy

Skype etc.

Internet and Telephony Economy

Bandwidth Usage

Data

RTC


For the Telephony+ Services

For a Telephony+ service (including POTS):

+SIP is the standard to use. All SIP transported everywhere! The SIP interface must be available everywhere and the network carry anything

possible with SIP, both for users and services.

The Network shall not interfere – not be application specific – that is between users and services. SIP proxies are allowed, but

Gateways and B2BUA are only allowed toward outside elements

+Usage of E.164 numbers in addition to SIP address + Telcos must share numbers in a common database

+ ENUM convert numbers to SIP addresses (and other addresses, possibly Skype)

+ Gateways in and out to the other islands.

+Trust between participants (like having a telephony subscription/telephone line/number today)

Internet+ Model

ENUM

DNS

EMSTR-069

SIP Connect 1.1

PKI

The Internet with Quality Enabled

Global IP Transport Network

All SIP Routed Everywhere (Not Gatewayed! Via SIP Proxies – Not B2BUAs)The TOQrouter – Trust, Openness, Quality – is a routing SIP proxy, a billing meter, and with built in SBC.


For the Telcos To Do

Enable diffserv on Internet+ Accesses(Or provide separate high quality pipe on routable IP.)

Provide ENUM directory (public or private)E.164 numbers to SIP address resolution

Peer higher quality pipes with other carriers just as for InternetShare ENUM between the Carriers

Deploy TOQrouters* – similar to clever E-SBCs used for SIP TrunkingManage as already done in volume deployments

Provide Certificates to the TOQrouter for trust

TOQ routers use mutual TLS for all WAN SIP

Pick up CDRs from the TOQrouter and Bill

* TOQ stands for Trust, Openness, Quality


For mobile and Our SmartPhones

Just replace today’s network firewall with the TOQrouter* and use the IP channel for good real-time communication also

No more battery draining (keep-alive packets not needed)

Forget about VoLTE in 4G networks. It is POTSoIP again…

No more ”mobility plumbing” needed: SIP reaches everywhere!

Internet+

4G 3G 2G

VoLTE

* TOQ stands for Trust, Openness, Quality

Most Important: SIP Everywhere – Just like HTTP!

We would not have the Web, if HTTP did not go between the Browser and the Web server.

Today SIP is stopped and limited by Firewall/NATs, SoftSwitches and bad SBCs.

The TOQrouter is a standard compliant SIP proxy (and SBC) that routes all SIP between the Users and Servers according to RCF 3261. The TOQrouter is not interfering with the usage of the SIP communication (like today’s plumbing), but can measure the usage for billing.

Proper SIP transport (by routing SIP proxies) is required:

•For all beyond POTS usage, UC

•For eliminating network incompatibilities – Interop issues are then reduced to being only between clients and services

•For mobility: User and services can be anywhere!

•For global UC: Clients, PBXs, Cloud services etc. only have to use a standard SIP interface.

There is no other way to go!


More on the Internet+

Ingate Systems [email protected] Farley Road Hollis, NH 03049United StatesPh: +1 (603) 883-6569Tel sv: +46 8 6007750

Intertex Data [email protected] 45 SE-174 44 SundbybergSwedensip:[email protected]: +46 8 6282828

Thursday 2nd, 1:00 pm : Video-Over-IP, Room B114/B115Driving the Need for an Internet+




Ingate Systems [email protected] Farley Road Hollis, NH 03049United StatesPh: +1 (603) 883-6569Tel sv: +46 8 6007750


Thursday 2nd, 1:00 pm : Video-Over-IP, Room B114/B115Driving the Need for an Internet+


More of the Internet+ model in the following

slides


Really Possible? – Don’t we need this?

No IMS multimedia call across carrier domains after 5 years of deployment. But POTS on RJ11 delivered…

Will there then be another 10 years before Internet+, or?All standards and all elements are ready to use.

And they can be introduced step-by-step!

The TOQrouter Can Be The Registrar YOU Shall Decide Whom To Accept Calls From

Example using the Intertex IX78 as TOQrouter: The TOQrouter is a good registrar, but the registrar can be located anywhere

Your Buddy list and below allows you whom to communicate with Those on the “Trusted Network” will be the Telephony subscribers as before

Exists on Proxy level and individual User level

Most of the Gear is Already in Use

TR-069TR-069InternetInternet

IP-TVVoD

IP-TVVoD

IMSVoIP

IMSVoIP

PDA

VLANs or ADSL Virtual Circuits

The Multimedia LAN

WiFi

Telepresence

IP- PBX

…but not (yet) for Internet+

In the above deployment, the Intertex IX78 E-SBC is used for SIP trunking, but is actually capable of TOQrouter functions.

This major European Telco has a high quality VoIP network using white addresses and is routed to the Internet. An Internet+ model would here simply mean IP peering their VoIP IP network to other service providers’ high quality networks, supplying an ENUM database and relying on CDRs delivered to the management system.

The Intertex IX78 already provides the clean SIP interface to LAN endpoints and servers on the LAN, in parallel with its gateway approach toward the PBX and the IMS system.


The SIP Standard: Global and More Than Voice! Today over the Internet, but then:

not always sufficient quality difficult to bill by usage (Telcos’ core business…)

and the NAT/Firewall traversal issue must be resolved Telcos have feared another Skype…

But Telcos don’t like another Skype. Need to offer more to bill…


Billing – CDRs for Efficient Processing

Now also with Video Call Metrics and Pipe Used!

CDRs with Call Quality Metrics – View from iEMS (our TR-69 management system)


Can the “Core” Soft Switch/SBC Participate?

Sure - it can be a SIP Registrar - which could be used instead of the registrar in the TOQrouter (In an Internet+ model, a SIP server can be everywhere!).

As a routing element; It must be a compliant SIP Proxy (B2BUAs/Gateways must not be in the transport part of the network)!

It must only route PSTN calls into the POTSoIP overlay

It could do some individual forwarding etc. of incoming calls (instead of the TOQrouter) –IF behaving like a SIP Proxy

The TOQrouter will be required anyway


Why are there SDN and IMS?

IMS world said (but could not deliver): “Evolving broadband communication by launching new services cost-efficiently“ “People want an enriched communication experience, anywhere, anytime, and to any device.

By XXX IMS technology operators are able to cost efficiently deliver that experience and to generate revenue”

An SDN, but not today’s transport network, the Internet, may achieve: service providers can bill for their services, the ability to use a higher quality IP transport network, the ability to only allow trusted users - that is, subscribers to a service provider - to

participate in the communication, fulfilling lawful intercept requirement and fulfilling emergency calling requirements.

The Internet+ model provides the above better, while maintaining: reliability (no introduction of massive central elements) scalability (no introduction of massive central elements) good performance of a global IP transport network Interoperability (no multiple conversions, no interference with SIP).


The TOQrouter A Firewall/NAT (with general Firewall security functions) An RFC 3261 compliant SIP Proxy also implementing RFC 3263 and RFC 3264 The SIP Proxy performing ALG functions by:

- handling and being aware of its NATed environment (by reading the IP routing table)

- reserving NAT ports and rewriting the SDP accordingly (according to the Midcom RFC 3989)

- setting up the NAT and opening pinholes for the media in the Firewall (according to the Midcom RFC 3989)

The SIP Proxy implementing RCF 3325 (trusted networks): - using mutual TLS and certificates towards SIP Proxies on the WAN

Having functions for classifying SIP traffic to assign correct QoS class, based on various conditions A SIP Registrar for (i) keeping and using registrations from LAN connected devices – a Shadow

registrar - to allow incoming calls. This (shadow) registrar should also be able to handle RFC 6140 Gin registration for a PBX. (ii) Being the main registrar for one or several domains.

A function and setup for SIP Domain forwarding to local SIP Servers, e.g. an IP-PBX on the LAN to be used by remote users.

A dial plan with ENUM look-up to allow E.164 numbers to be used, as described below QoS based routing, to select correct IP interface, in case special QoS WAN pipes are provided The TOQmeter– A meter for billing purposes plus trust for the provider A management interface and protocol, allowing very high network scalability, with trust and

security to allow CDR delivery over a public network (TR-069, sending CDRs in Informs is recommended.)

The TOQrouter is also the point where a legal requirement of intercept can be fulfilled. And it can aid emergency calling since its physical location usually is known. (RFC 6442)


The TOQrouter

Optionally, the TOQrouter may include:

Functions in the SIP proxy for improved compatibility towards SIP devices

Gateway functions in a B2BUA for extended compatibility improvements towards non SIP incompatible devices (e.g. for connecting a variety of PBXs)

Firewall and NAT functions for data traffic

Analog telephone ports (for connecting POTS ports)

Triple play capability, by handling separate IP interfaces for Internet, VoIP/IMS and IP-TV and VoD etc.

An access modem/router, e.g. for DSL, Cable, GPON, VLAN Ethernet, T1, MPLS

Multimedia capable PBX functionality using the available SIP Proxy and SIP Registrar

Other useful Business and Residential Gateway functions

Notice that these kind of functions must not be confused with, or interfere with, the basic TOQrouter functions!


What SIP to Use? – Just SIP! Internet+ does not interfere – Just transports/routes (as HTTP or SNTP)

It is between the endpoints: Between Users and Servers!

For all endpoints using SIP in the Internet+ model, minimum: RFC 3261 SIP: Session Initiation Protocol RFC 3263 SIP: Locating SIP Servers – DNS usage, plus RFC 3264 An Offer/Answer Model with the Session Description Protocol (SDP) RFC 4028 Timer RFC 6442 Geolocation header (for emergency calling) RFC 3325 For endpoints wanting to set Privacy Policies G.711 codec for minimum voice interoperability

For endpoints wanting confirmed early media (telephones): RFC 3262 SIP: Prack/100rel for early media

For endpoints using call transfer and similar: RFC 3515 Refer RFC 3891 Replaces RFC 3892 Referred-by


What SIP to Use? – Just SIP! (continuation)Internet+ does not interfere – Just transports/routes (as HTTP or SNTP)

For Presence endpoints: RFC 3265 RFC 3856 RFC 3863

For IM endpoints: RFC 3428

For servers supporting endpoints (e.g. an IP-PBX) if they want the option of authenticating their users:

RFC 3325 Asserted Identity within Trusted Networks RFC 6140 (Gin Registration) or use fix IP ITSP IP address when using SIP Connect 1.1

Extensions, such as (most of?) the IMS additions, will be transported correctly by the TOQrouter.


Smooth Way Toward Internet+

Can Introduce Step-by-Step (and per user): SIP Trunk Provider: Can use TOQrouter and directly offer Global UC

Flat rate over current Internet now, add +pipe with quality and billing later TOQrouter routes PSTN calls directly over today’s SIP trunk If on Internet now: Turn on diffserv on carriers network, +peer with other carriers later If on quality pipe now: Use white IP addresses and +peer settlement free with others

Triple Play Provider: Can use TOQrouter and directly offer Global UC TOQrouter presents a single LAN with global UC and telephony on the quality cloud Flat rate first, add other price plans and billing later TOQrouter can still route PSTN calls over today’s SIP-trunk Use white IP addresses on quality cloud and +peer with other carriers

Mobile 3G, 4G Provider: Can use TOQrouter and directly offer Global UC Battery draining by keep-alive packets gone! Turn on diffserv in own network and offer quality to own users Flat rate first - add other price plans and billing later Use white IP addresses and +peer quality clouds with other carriers later No need for VoLTE (it is just complicated POTS)

while using existing POTS/ PSTN interop until all on IP


User-FAQ 1

Q First tell me: Is my new fine smart phone faulty or has the vendor lied to me about the battery time? It ran out of battery in half a day instead of the promised week!

Did you use it a lot?

No, I didn’t even talk in it - Only had IM and presence on for a few friends that use GoogleTalk.

That is one of the problems an Internet+ access will address!

Today’s mobile operators don’t give you Internet access where you can be reached when needed! The real-time services that need to reach your smartphone (e.g. incoming calls, IM or presence), therefore sends frequent keep-alive packets to make the Telco firewall keep a door open so you can be reached. Those keep-alive packets stop your smartphone from battery-save mode when not used. That drains your battery.


User-FAQ 2

Q What? Can I get another mobile subscription that doesn’t fool me like that? They said I would get all features and functions with my new smartphone

A few mobile providers give you a clean public IP address, but most mobile providers don’t offer that, in spite of Internet access and promises.

Incoming signals to your phone comes over a Phone Channel that are kept for the Plain Old Telephony Service (POTS) (the actual Phone in your smart phone).

Q Can I get the IM and presence there then?

Sorry – that’s only for the old voice. They have built the POTS service into the network itself, so you won’t get the new ways of communication on the “phone channel”...

Q Until I get 4G – That is all IP I’ve heard…

Sorry again… They just built VoLTE on top of IP – a special “phone cannel” only getting POTS again.


User-FAQ 3

Q But that is 100 years old and its sounds worse than AM radio. What is happening? Internet has given us so much – They said SIP and then IMS would give us all possible things!?

Wait, Internet+ will correct it all – It is easy to implement, soon…

Q Can I use both GoogleTalk and SkypeTalk then?

Would you rather not like to use a global IM and presence service using the standardized protocol SIP, so everyone can reach everyone else?

Q You mean I won’t have 3 or so different soft clients running then? But those that already use Skype or GoogleTalk then?

Hopefully proprietary services, not following the standard, will have gateways into a global standard (like they do with voice/telephony) so everyone reaches each other. Or they can simply use the standard and we can join the islands.

It would really be great if people did not have to call me on my phone to ask me to start my Skype client and such things! Give me that!


User-FAQ 4

Q But the sound of GoogleTalk and Skype on my smartphone make them unusable, even though those often are better on my stationary PC? Will that be fixed?

Internet+ will release the real capacity over the Internet SIP channel!

Q … really? More than 3.5 or 7 kHz? I still can hear 15 kHz!

Yes! With Internet+ you can also get video conferencing with telepresence quality. It is not restricted and built into the network anymore. It simply becomes better and can develop with the ever increasing power and capacity!

Q Wow - And the same on my fixed and mobile devices?

Of course! – It is the cloud now again. Internet+ is just the Internet improved for real-time communication! You should get it all everywhere – The benefit of the cloud!

Q And can I forward my communication to my other phones and even Skype and other clients?

Yes, that should be a function you access in your SIP server, which can be in the TOQrouter. Example from Intertex IX78:


Business User-FAQ 5

Q Can I then participate with my smartphone in my company’s telepresence conferences? It would mean a lot to me if I can reduce my travelling and instead use the fine screens and cameras in my smartphone and laptop?

Yes, Internet+ will make that happen! The 100 years old Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS) can finally be bypassed!

Q Will it be easier to federate so I can communicate with other companies in the same way?

Federate? No need for that with Internet+ and following standards! Everyone can of course reach everyone else – using all SIP based applications!

Q And can I be connected to our office PBX? Will that mobility solution with its server and special arrangement still work?

No such solution is needed with Internet+! Just follow standards – SIP is transported everywhere. A SIP phone then connects to the SIP PBX from everywhere and with full functionality. Internet+ automatically gives full mobility using SIP!


Business User-FAQ 6

Q How will SIP Trunking of an IP-PBX be done when having an Internet+ access?

A lot easier! NAT/Firewall traversal, connectivity and security are already resolved. If the ITSP SIP Trunk follows a standard (e.g. SIP Connect 1.1), a PBX following the same directly becomes connected. Otherwise, an E-SBC can do the normalization part between the ITSP Trunk and the PBX – an easier job than today. Probably, such SIP normalization function will be included in a good TOQrouter. (It is important that such normalization function - especially if a SIP B2BUA or gateway is used – only is between the ITSP and the IP-PBX and not interferes with the TOQrouter’s general SIP Proxy interface.)

Q How will connecting to a SIP based cloud service like the MS Office365 Exchange UM be done having an Internet+ access?

A lot easier! NAT/Firewall traversal connectivity and security is already resolved and available. An MS issued certificate will be installed in the TOQrouter for trusted communication with the MS cloud. Any further adaption required towards the local PBX, will thereafter be the same as today. Such adaption functions may be an option of the TOQrouter.


Telco-FAQ 1: Services and Billing

Q With Internet+, can we Telcos really charge for calls over an Internet?

Sure you can! If one knows what is going on when calls are done into the “Telco Club”, you can charge for it. In does not depend on which wires the call is coming from, it depends on if you have a meter for the usage at the logical entry point to Telco Club network.

Q Ah… and with a good meter and can we then charge both for outgoing and incoming calls, knowing the parties?

Yes, you can, but more importantly, you don’t need to keep the phone numbers to yourself and send calls all around between Telcos just to get your share of the payment.

All can be cleared based on the actual usage measured by the TOQrouter’s meter at the right point – like an electricity meter in your house.

Q But can I trust the TOQrouter, when it is in the subscriber’s location?

Yes, it very secure and checked. And notice that Telcos deploy millions of CPEs with RJ11 phone ports, where the CPE usually are trusted with the Telco’s whole PSTN capacity. Read more about that under Telco-FAQ: “Can We Trust a CPE?”



Q Can a mobile provider also bill for ordinary phone calls over the Internet channel?

Yes, CDR processing and billing can be as before, or done better. The same applies to the fixed network accesses!

Q And can we have the SMS service on the fixed network also?

Yes, bill as before or in better ways – and finally bring SMS to the fixed network! Users would certainly like to send SMSs from their PCs!

Wow – SMS in the fixed network! That would really give us Telcos new income…

Q Before having higher IP-quality enabled in our network, can we still bill SMS and calls that way?

Sure! And for voice and SMS, the QoS-function in the TOQrouter itself is most often sufficient, on any decent Internet pipe!



Q When introducing a new service – e.g. presence or video calling – how do we enable that and provision in our network?

You don’t! It is already there! SIP transports ALL real-time services person-to-person without interfering – You just bill for the new usage - if you wish!

Q Before having higher IP-quality enabled in our network, can we still bill SMS and calls that way?

Sure! And for voice and SMS, the QoS-function in the TOQrouter itself is most often sufficient, on the decent Internet pipe!

Q How do we roam?

Technically, it is automatic – one cloud! If Telcos want to bill separately – Clear it via the CDR-processing as today.



Q And new services; IM, Presence, Video Calling –Telepresence, “Skype”, UC in general?

They can work as today over the ordinary Internet, or with +quality and in mobile networks without the battery draining. In today’s islands over the Internet, they will work as today, but now the Telcos can Bill for (i) for connectivity to the global world, (ii) for running over the quality pipe and (iii) for access without battery drain.

There can be general charges that allows 3rd party services and usage to appear, and automatically be charged for transport usage, and there can be specific charges for identified services.

General (application independent) charges would be:- Availability time (SIP registered, without battery draining keep-alive packets in mobile),

probably charged flat rate with the subscription

- Per connect (an opening charge like today)

- Per MB usage and time, at available quality levels (in attractive combinations)

A specific charge for e.g. telepresence calling could be:- For H.264 > 1Mbps usage, 20 h/months included, thereafter XX$ per 100 MB



Q Can we give a user a twin SIM card e.g. for usage in a car mounted handsfree, something we never have succeeded to make into a useful service of before?

Yes, that is an excellent example how a proper SIP network automatically gives the right functionality. All users handsets simply use the same SIP address Then the forking mechanism in SIP makes all handsets ring (and stop at the first pick-up)!

Q Wow! And the mobility solutions with their servers and gateways?

That is also automatic in a proper SIP network - A user can be anywhere! The TOQrouter provides a general SIP interface available at all delivery points (even on the LANs). If you have Internet+ access, you are as mobile with SIP access as with Web access!


Telco-FAQ 6: What’s in it For Us?

Q We Telcos have invested a lot in VoIP with IMS, softswitches and SBCs on top of our IP networks, but that revenue is not growing. And for the Internet channel we give vast bandwidth for small flat rate. What can we do to not starve?

The Internet+ model addresses just that: You can increase your earnings, while giving your subscribers what they need and want. Sell the priority bytes for good usage and offer users better real-time communication than POTS!

Q And how much will that cost the Telcos this time?

You will directly save on both Capex and Opex! The investment will probably be paid back by eliminating IMS, Softswitches, SBCs and their associated cost and licenses.

Q And will we need a different infrastructure for fixed and mobile?

No, that is the beauty of IP – A cloud. The infrastructure is the same! You just place the TOQrouter at different positions. For fixed, you provision the TOQrouter to the customer LAN – Your demarcation point and handoff of the access and service.

In the mobile network, you place the TOQrouter at the point where the firewall for the user is today. That is the point where the individual Internet channel to the smartphone is created.

The infrastructure is the same, simple and straight forward; DNS and ENUM and Management system using a PKI structure with TOQrouter certificates for Trust and Security. No Softswitches of central SBCs are needed and you get IP reliability back.



Q I get it! The Telcos’ demarcation point – the place where we hand over our access and deliver the service. Smart, there the TOQrouter measure the subscriber’s usage so we can bill!

Yes, and more is important at that specific point: Between the Telcos’ global or public network and the subscribers private domain, i. e. the user’s LAN or the smartphone. That is also the point where we can:

• Handle the NAT/firewall traversal so the real-time person-to-person communication reaches the users. And the TOQrouter can delivers all SIP communication, not just voice.

• Prioritize real-time traffic over data and also make sure such traffic gets the right quality over the Telco’s global networks.

• When phone numbers are used, check the Telco’s database (ENUM) to find the SIP address to the called party.

• Route the call to the called party (instead of routing the call to a central softswitch, that routes to an other carrier’s softswitches – In a SIP network, no “switches” are needed!).

• Route calls for old PSTN phones to the Telco’s PSTN gateways, or to a SIP proxy that selects the correct PSTN gateway, or into the softswitch you may already have.

Q Will the TOQrouter deliver ordinary data Internet access also?

Sure, that is the best way to use the TOQrouter – To provide a full Internet+ access for both data and real-time communication.



Q And incoming calls? DNS points out my softswitch as the registrar that knows the IP address to the users.

The SIP registrar can be anywhere in a SIP network! The TOQrouter includes a SIP registrar which you can point DNS to for each subscriber. Or you can use any registrar: in your existing softswitch, or in the user’s IP-PBX. Best is to use in the registrar in the TOQrouter that can fork calls to all devices that the user has registered. The TOQrouter can also forward calls, provide voice mail and do many things you find in a softswitch or a PBX.

Q Ah… and can we then even give our customers usable SIP addresses (like email addresses), in addition to the E.164 phone number?

Yes, exactly!

Q For what do I need my central softswitches, SBCs or IMS then?

Nothing! They were placed there to replicate the PSTN structure where you had a separate network and sent calls between operators to able to bill. Such networks actually destroy the whole Internet idea of having a common network where you address each data packet directly to its destination.



Q Can we then save the failover system we planned to purchase to get our central systems reliable? We were also just specifying that the customer boxes, the CPEs or IADs shall monitor our softswitches so failover is not even noticed.

Without massive central elements, there is nothing to failover. You get the good reliability of IP itself! You have seen that it is the Internet that works after disasters and catastrophes.

Q You mentioned video and UC? When will that come with Internet+?

It is there from the beginning! We simply do not destroy those possibilities, like application specific networks (IMS, softswitches etc.) do.

With Internet+, we deliver real SIP between the users and between servers and their users. That is very important! Had we not delivered HTTP undistorted between the browser and the web server, we would not have had the Web! Today’s SIP delivery is like if the HTTP was limited by the network to only deliver the old videotex service.

The TOQrouter is a standard compliant SIP proxy, that transports all SIP (both signaling and media) all the way to the users in their private domain. Then, we can connect all UC or real-time communication, including video, IM and presence, globally between all devices that use SIP. We have one network between everyone for all types of all real-time communication person-to-person. (B2BUAs and Gateway break such delivery – only standard compliant SIP proxies must handle the SIP signaling between endpoints.)



Q Will we then have to roll out more bandwidth, new fiber and faster routers?

No, that it the beauty of your IP network. Just turn on diffserv in the routers, and the important real-time traffic can get priority, while other traffic comes a moment later.

Q But we cannot use the Internet, which is always full with data and file transfer, can we?

Yes you can! That is actually the best, since you have most bandwidth for the Internet. Real-time prioritized and charged traffic will only take a fraction of the available bandwidth. You get paid for the already available bandwidth, just because it is prioritized!

Q Do you mean we can sell available bandwidth, without new cost? Yes, you can! New earnings!

Another benefit of using an extended Internet is the interoperability with the world of internet connected devices! With the Internet+ model, we get the same global SIP interface everywhere – allowing all SIP applications! Having Internet devices gatewayed into a new network, would give limited functionality and an application dependant network again.



Q And the old voice calls (my current revenue), how does the TOQrouters get the calls to PSTN connected phones?

The TOQrouter simply routes PSTN calls to the Telco’s PSTN gateways, or to a Telco SIP proxy that selects the best PSTN gateway, or into a softswitch that a Telco may already have.

Q Our user’s often asks for sending SMSs (texting) directly from their PCs or from a fixed phone, instead of having to use their mobile phones. We had such gateways, but had to close them because we lost revenue. Can we introduce such “old” service in the fixed network and charge the users the same as when using their mobile phones?

Yes, SMS is trivial to implement over IP – Just reopen your SMS gateways again! The TOQrouter will report the SMS usage in CDRs just like any other SIP based traffic and you can charge as for a mobile phone.

Q Is there a better way for mobility solutions also? That is very complicated and costly in both our PSTN and our VoIP network.

That is automatic in a proper SIP network as the Internet+! You can use the Web via HTTP everywhere, can’t you? With real SIP delivery, you can simply use your SIP devices everywhere, even those connected to company PBXs. SIP Services can also be moved around and located anywhere.


Telco-FAQ 12: Can We Trust a CPE?

Q Did you say the TOQrouter is located at the subscriber’s location?

In the fixed network it is. The Telco delivers the access and service to the private LAN where the users are. (Before the TOQrouter, that was a huge issue for any VoIP service and required an E-SBCs or some workaround method. Volume VoIP deployments have therefore ended up on RJ11 ports at IAD/CPEs, not being able to deliver anything more than the old POTS service.) With the TOQrouters, the LAN users get SIP connected.

In the mobile networks, the TOQrouter is located in the Telco’s premise, where the Telco today has the firewall for the Internet channel to the smartphones.

These are the important locations where the TOQrouter can perform the required functions. Actually, most of these functions can only be successfully performed between the service providers domain and the subscribers domain – at that demarcation point.

Q So we Telcos can save having a specific network and don’t even have to roll out costly MPLS lines to enterprise customers?

Yes! Putting required functions at the wrong location in the network, only complicates things and destroys the idea and benefits of a cloud! That is one reason why current VoIP networks don’t do more than POTS and are costly.

With the Internet+ model, you don’t have to pull customer’s LAN into the center, AND do required functions in massive (single point of failure) and inflexible network elements. And the TOQrouter CAN includes all the E-SBC functions to do e.g. SIP trunking.



Q But can I trust a subscriber located device, like the TOQrouter in the fixed network case? I know the electricity meter is at my house, but with Internet+ the TOQrouter does even more things at the edge.

Yes, the Telco is in full control of the TOQrouter!

The TOQrouter is trusted to communicate with the SIP network by using Mutual TLS signaling while the service provider supplies certificates signed by a common root CA for all telephony service providers. The TOQrouter also authenticates users, or simply allows anyone on the private domain to use the SIP services.

The same certificate and PKI can also be used for:• Connection of the TOQrouter to its management system (e.g. the now widely used, secure and

scalable TR-069).

• Checking presence of the TOQrouter, its identity and the metering function. This is preferably checked and authenticated via the management system.

• Delivery of the CDRs for billing. They can very efficiently be sent to the TR-069 management server and end up in an SQL database for further processing. On a private network, e.g. in the mobile operator case, simple Radius deliver can be used.

• Only allowing Telco controlled access to a the data base for E.164 numbers to SIP addresses.

TR-069 is fully secure by using SOAP over HTTPS to transport its data. The CPE is always the HTTPS client, so TR-069 management can be as scalable as Google search engine reacting immediately on each key strokes from the world’s users.



Q That sounds even better than Telcos current volume VoIP accesses, where we use CPEs with RJ11 telephone ports and provision the password to the CPE where no one can access it, doesn’t it? That is secure and working well for the Telcos.

Yes, it does! There are some 100 million such CPEs or IADs deployed yearly. Nowadays they are most often provisioned and managed using the TR-069 protocol.

Actually, service providers usually trust those CPEs with their whole VoIP capacity, since the only limitation in how many simultaneous calls you can place over such access, only is in the CPE.

With the Internet+, we both use the password and the certificate. The certificate is issued (signed) by the service provider and can be revoked in case of misuse.

All Telco certificates have a common root CA, so all TOQrouters can trust all other TOQrouters when communicating over the common IP network. That is how the Internet/´cloud idea and benefits can be used in a secure and controlled environment.

The signaling is always secure, using mutual TLS on the global (or public) side. Such security and control is not used in today’s VoIP networks, since the massive central equipment don’t have capacity for it. With the TOQrouter, enterprise subscribers can even select to have all their media encrypted.


Telco-FAQ 15: More on SecurityQ Isn’t it more secure to use a private IP transport network than an extended

Internet, as suggested in the Internet+ model?

You can also use such an alternative within the Internet+ model. The TOQrouter can still present the services to the LAN for the users. But notice that a global network, is the same as a public network whatever you call it. Security is created on other levels – not by wiring anymore!

Here, for example, everyone is using the public Internet for all banking – Fully secured.

Q Cannot traffic be intercepted and listened to over the public Internet?

Not easily, it is about the same as over all public (global) networks. Internet+ signaling between Telco’s SIP Proxies in the TOQrouters is encrypted through the use of TLS. The media can be encrypted by the endpoints using SRTP or SRTP can be added by an enterprise TOQrouter.

Q Can the requirements of legal intercept be fulfilled?

Yes, the trusted TOQrouter is a SIP proxy and sees the signaling and the key for the media encryption. The TOQrouter can then do legal intercept by mirroring the media.


Telco-FAQ 16: More on Security

Q Can the requirements of emergency calling also be fulfilled?

Yes, a proper SIP network makes fulfilling the new requirements listed in RFC 6443 straight forward to fulfill!

Q Isn’t it better to have a separate quality network?

No! Having Internet+ as a an extension to the Internet gives important benefits:

1) We need to interoperate with the world of Internet connected devices! In the Internet+ model, we get the same SIP interface everywhere – allowing all SIP applications! Having Internet gatewayed into a new network, would give limited functionality and an application dependant network again. (We must assure that SIP goes between the endpoints without interference, so it becomes as successful as HTTP has been for the Web.)

2) We already have the best bandwidth and robustness for the Internet. Here we simply introduce a better way to share that bandwidth. Enabling diffserv will simple prioritize a portion of the available bandwidth for real-time applications, giving that portion better value.


Telco-FAQ 17: More on Security

Q If communication is over the Internet, how do we stop someone from stealing Telco service? The Telco deploys, controls and manages the TOQrouter at the physical delivery point of the subscriber. It is the demarcation point.

The TOQrouter, its integrity and function are verified and authenticated using a Telco signed certificate (using a common root CA for all Telcos) and using mutual TLS signaling between the TOQrouters for the SIP communication.

This replaces the old way of rolling out a specific wire (physical or e.g. “MPLS”) for a specific service and gives a better trust in the delivery.

A PKI structure verifies the certificate and allows revocation for stolen or misbehaving TOQrouters.

The TOQrouter authenticate users and include such information in the SIP communication (RFC 3325). One policy may be that all users on a private LAN are considered authenticated by just being on the LAN, while remote users are SIP digest authenticated.

The TOQrouter measures the usage, just like an electricity meter. It does not in itself stop usage, but informs who is using. (The management system may turn off access in case of any problem.)

On top of this, the user or a PBX may have its own password to a specific Telco or 3 rd party service, for SIP authentication fir that service, just as usual.

In a mobile network, this trust stretches to the TOQrouter (in place of today’s firewall) “behind the mast” that creates the private IP domain to the user. Thereafter, the ordinary SIM card in the handset assures that an allowed user is accessing.


Telco-FAQ 18: General

Q Will a global telepresence service (like the OVCC) fit the Internet+ Model?

Yes, the Internet+ model was actually developed for that type of service, meeting such business, quality and security requirements.

It surpasses all requirements, allows a soon launch, and presents much more flexible billing methods.

Q Does Internet+ access need to be introduced all at once, both the new capabilities and to all users?

No, not at all. One can start with subscriber by subscriber and with ordinary Internet accesses. Those subscribers get global UC connectivity and POTS connectivity directly. Thereafter, usage based billing can be introduced and later the access to higher quality pipes can come.

For Telcos with triple play networks it is even more easy. They can directly offer Internet+ connectivity between all their triple play subscribers.

Q Can Telcos field test within a smaller group?

Yes!

Q Can we set up a test network today already?

Yes! Contact Intertex or Ingate!



Ingate Systems [email protected] Farley Road Hollis, NH 03049United StatesPh: +1 (603) 883-6569Tel Sw: +46 8 6007750



© 2012 intertex data ab 1 overview of an internet+ model © 2012 intertex data ab prepared...

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