2015 Water Research Foundation. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. 2015 Water Research Foundation. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this presentation may be copied, reproduced, or otherwise utilized without permission. Understanding EDCs and PPCPs in Water Prepared by: Intertox, Inc. 600 Stewart Street, Suite 1101, Seattle, WA 98101 2015 Water Research Foundation. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. PP CP Pharmaceuticals And Personal Care Products PCP Ingredients Fragrances DEET Triclosan Veterinary medicines Antibiotics Hormones Drugs of abuse Morphine Nicotine Health care facilities Analgesics Antibiotics Chemotherapy agents X-ray contrast agents From many human activities through wastewater plants or septic systems, or runoff from land Food and beverage ingredients Acesulfame (sweetener) Caffeine Theobromine (chocolate) Prescription and OTC Medicines Analgesics Antidepressants Blood pressure drugs Based on Bruce and Pleus A Comprehensive Overview of EDCs and PPCPs in Water. Denver, Colo.: Water Research Foundation 2015 Water Research Foundation. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. ED Endocrine Disrupting Compounds Natural and medicinal hormones Estradiol Estrone Ethinylestradiol Pesticides Atrazine Metolachlor Plasticizers Bisphenol A Phthalates Surfactants 4- Nonylphenol Octylphenol EDCs can interfere with natural hormones that control daily bodily processes From many human activities Flame retardants and coatings PFOS/ PFOA TBEP/ TCEP Sunscreens and lotions DEET Octyl methoxy cinnamate Triclosan Based on Bruce and Pleus A Comprehensive Overview of EDCs and PPCPs in Water. Denver, Colo.: Water Research Foundation 2015 Water Research Foundation. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Why Are We Detecting More In Our Drinking Water? More chemicals are being produced : Between 1982 and 2012, FDA approved 775 unique new drug entities During the same time, more than 22,000 new chemicals have been added to EPA s TSCA * inventory *Toxic Substances Control Act We can detect them at lower levels : Since 2007, the ability to detect PPCPs in water has improved, and detection is now possible at 1/10 th of previous levels Based on Bruce and Pleus A Comprehensive Overview of EDCs and PPCPs in Water. Denver, Colo.: Water Research Foundation 2015 Water Research Foundation. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. What Levels Are Found In Water? When detected in water, PPCPs and EDCs are at parts per billion ( ppb ) or even lower levels at parts per trillion ( ppt ) A part per billion ( ppb ) is equivalent to tsp. of water in an Olympic - sized swimming pool A part per trillion ( ppt ) is 1/1000 of a part per billion, or about one - half drop of water in an Olympic - sized pool Based on Bruce and Pleus A Comprehensive Overview of EDCs and PPCPs in Water. Denver, Colo.: Water Research Foundation 2015 Water Research Foundation. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. How Do These Concentrations Relate to Dose? If ibuprofen was present in water at these levels, a person would have to drink : 845, oz glasses containing 1 ppb 845,000, oz glasses containing 1 ppt to get a dose equal to one ibuprofen tablet (200 mg ) Based on Bruce and Pleus A Comprehensive Overview of EDCs and PPCPs in Water. Denver, Colo.: Water Research Foundation 2015 Water Research Foundation. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. How Do These Concentrations Relate to Dose? At the highest concentration of ibuprofen ever detected in drinking water in the U. S. (1.35 ppb ), a person would have to drink this much water to equal the dose in one ibuprofen tablet (200 mg ) : Based on Bruce and Pleus A Comprehensive Overview of EDCs and PPCPs in Water. Denver, Colo.: Water Research Foundation 2015 Water Research Foundation. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Are These Levels A Risk To My Health? For each detected substance, health protective Acceptable Daily Intakes ( ADIs ) were derived from doses at which no health effects were seen in studies, with additional safety factors added 1, ,000 times ( or more ) lower dose no effect ( even a pharmaceutical effect ) at this dose AD I *multiple safety factors Starting dose Based on Bruce and Pleus A Comprehensive Overview of EDCs and PPCPs in Water. Denver, Colo.: Water Research Foundation 2015 Water Research Foundation. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Are These Levels A Risk To My Health? At the highest detected concentration of ibuprofen (1.35 ppb ) a person would have to drink more than oz glasses of water per day to reach the ADI dose * *No effects are expected at this doseincluding a pharmacological effecteven in sensitive individuals Based on Bruce and Pleus A Comprehensive Overview of EDCs and PPCPs in Water. Denver, Colo.: Water Research Foundation 2015 Water Research Foundation. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. What Can The Public Do? Don t flush medicines down the drain or toilet Utilize household hazardous waste collection services Plant vegetation to reduce stormwater runoff and erosion Eliminate excess application of pesticides and fertilizers Wash your car at a car wash Minimize use of products that contain EDCs and PPCPs Based on Bruce and Pleus A Comprehensive Overview of EDCs and PPCPs in Water. Denver, Colo.: Water Research Foundation