ELECTRICITY

All electricity flows through a circuit

Electricity: a continuous flow of negative charges called electrons

Circuit

Conductor: a material that allows electricity to flow through it

Insulator: a material that does not allow electricity to flow through it

Conductors and Insulators

Let’s discover what materials are conductors and what materials are insulators

Categorize the materials as conductors or insulators

Let's try and see!

Group Activity

Conductors are usually:◦ Metals

Insulators are usually:◦ Rubber◦ Plastic◦ Wood

What did we discover?

Circuits can be open or closedOpen Circuit: Any circuit in a break in it that does not allow for the flow of electrons

Closed Circuit: a complete circuit that allows for the flow of electrons

Circuits:

Open Circuit

Closed Circuit

Series Circuit: a circuit with only one possible pathway for electricity to travel

Series Circuit

Series Circuits

Light bulb

Power Source

Circuit

Switch

Checklist Place everyone into a group 15 minutes to complete

Group Activity

Example 1:

Example 2:

Create a parallel circuit Can the electrons travel to both light bulbs?

◦ YES! Now remove one of the light bulbs. What do we create by doing this?

◦ A break in our circuit Can our electrons still travel to the other

light bulb and get through the circuit?◦ Yes! Why?

Because our circuit has multiple pathways

Parallel Circuits

A parallel circuit is an electrical circuit with multiple pathways for electrons to travel through

Parallel Circuit

Similarities: ◦ switch, power source, light bulbs, circuit wire

Differences: ◦ a series circuit has one pathway, but a parallel

circuit has two or more

Series vs. Parallel

Where do we see these circuits in everyday life?

What appliances use a series circuit and what appliances use a parallel circuit?

Discussion

Electricity can be transformed into three different types of energy: thermal, radiant, and mechanical

What do you think are the definitions of each type?

Electricty Energy

Electricity can be transformed into thermal energy

Thermal energy is energy that produces heat

What electrical appliances produce heat?

Thermal Energy

Electricity can be transformed into radiant energy

Radiant energy is light energy Examples?

Radiant Energy

Electricity can be transformed into mechanical energy

Mechanical energy is everything that runs or does a task.

Examples?

Mechanical Energy

Work with a partner to categorize your list of appliances into three categories: radiant, thermal, mechanical

Each person should do their own list – use your partner to discuss the category of each appliance

Partner work

What did you put under radiant?

Discussion

What did you put under thermal?

Discussion

What did you put under mechanical?

Discussion

We are going to have a review competition. Two teams Team with the most points at the end of the

game wins What do you win you ask?

◦ Something small but AWESOME

REVIEW GAME

An electric current is created by a continuous flow of __________?

Answer: Negative charges or electrons

Question 1

What is the pathway taken by an electric current called?

Answer: Circuit

Question 2

Is this an open or a closed circuit?

Answer: Open Circuit

Question 3

What is a conductor?

Answer: A material that allows for the flow of electricity

Question 4

The rate at which energy flows depends upon the material’s ____________

Answer: Reisistance

Question 5

What type of circuit has multiple pathways?

Answer: Parallel Circuit

Question 6

Give me an example of an insulator.

Answer: rubber, plastic, wood, glass

Question 7

What kind of circuit allows for the movement of electrical energy?

Answer: A Closed Circuit

Question 8

What is a series circuit?

Answer: A circuit with only one pathway for the electrical current

Question 9

What are the three types of energy electricity can be transformed into?

Answer: Thermal, Radiant, Mechanical

Question 10

What is the main difference between a series and a parallel circuit?

Answer: A series circuit only has one pathway, but a parallel circuit has multiple pathways.

Question 11

Give an example of an appliance that uses radiant energy.

Question 12

Give an example of an appliance that uses mechanical energy.

Question 13

Give an example of an appliance that uses thermal energy.

Question 14

Two people Draw a series circuit.

Question 15

Label the series circuit that was drawn.

Question 16

Two people Draw a parallel circuit.

Question 17

Name an appliance that uses a series circuit.

Question 18

Name an appliance that uses a parallel circuit.

Question 19

What do all circuits have?

Answer: power source, switch, light bulb, wire/ pathway

Question 20