, C NO OGY,REV I EW :JelJru0'!l 1956

16lete

DESIGNING ENGINEERS AND CONSTRUCTORS FOR THE PETROLEUM AND CHEMICAl INDUSTRIES

1945... 1. Refinery' for B. P. M.

at Cardon, Venezuela.

2. Refinery for Koppartrans Oljeaktiebolagat Gothenburg, Sweden.

3. Refinery for Venezuela Gulf RefiningCompany at Puerto La Cruz, Venezuela.

4. Refinery for Societe Generale des Huiles dePetrole at Dunkirk, Fronce.

5. "Portable" refinery for U. S. NavyDepartment.

6. Lube oil refinery for Cit-Con OilCorporation at Lake Charles, Louisiana.

7. Refinery for International Refineries Inc.at Wrenshall, Minnesota.

8. Refinery for Vacuum Oil Company Ltd.at Cory ton, England.

9. Refinery for Burmah-Shell Oil Companyat Bombay, India.

10. Refinery for Standard-Vacuum Oil Companyat Bombay, India.

11. Refinery for Standard Qll Company[lndicno] at Mandan, North Dakota.

12. Refinery for Suntide Refining Companyat Corpus Christi, Texas.

13. -'Refinery for Commonwealth RefiningCompany at Ponce, Puerto Rico.

14. Refinery for Esse Standard Oil Companyat Antwerp, Belgium.

1S. Refinery for Caltex 'at Visakhapatnam, India.

16. Refinery for NesteOyat Turku, Finland.

1955In the past 10 years alone, Lummus has com-pleted or is currently working on 16'completerefineries. Combined, they represent a largepercentage of the refinery capacity constructedin the last decade.

But complete refineries are only part of theLummus story. Separate units for any and allphases of refining from distillation to petro-chemical production have been designed. engi-neered and built by Lummus - a§' additions toexisting installations or as integral parts of newconstruction.

In the past 50 years, Lummus has added over700 petroleum and chemical plants and .installa-

J tionsro the world's total. Think of Lummuswhen planning your next project.

THE LUMMUS COMPANY, 385 MadisonAvenue, New York 17, N. Y.Engineering &Sales Offices: New York, Houston, Montreal,London, Paris, The Hague, Bombay.SalesOffices: Chicago, Caracas.Heat Exchanger Plant:Honesdale, Pa.Fabricated .Piping Plant:EastChicago, Indiana.

r

· de roof)NEW 71f2-acre plant ~un r oneto provLde

faster service for those who use ...

Phelps Dodge Copper Products Corporation's new plantat Yonkers, N. Y., covers seven and a half acres, isequipped with the latest facilities to service it customers.

A coordinated production and warehousing system inthis plant enables Phelps Dodge to maintain stocks ofevery kind of building wire and cable ready for immediatefilling of customer orders. Ten truck bays and a seven-carundercover freight sidingwill eliminate th u ual loading

delays help speed shipments to their destinations. Thisnew and exclusive system is an example of the carefulattention Phelps Dodge has given to providing the finestservice for its customers at this new plant.

On every wiring job large or small, where top qualitymaterials, expert workmanship and experienced "know-how" are caJled for,it pa)'s to rely on Phelps Dodge and yourPhelps Dodgedistributor!

PHELPS DODGE COPPER PRODUCTSCORPORATION

SALES OfFICES: Atlanta, Birmingham, Ala., Boston, Buffalo, Charlotte, ChicOiiO, Cincinnati, Cleveland, 0011es, Detroit, Fori Wayne, Greens-boro. N. C., Houston, JacksonYille, Kansas City, Mo., Los Angeles, Milwaukee, Minneapolis, New Orleans, New Yorlc, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh,.Portland. Ore., Richmond, Rochester. N. Y., Son Francisco. St. louis. Seattle, Washington. O. C.

THE TECHNOLOGY REVIEW, February. 1956, Vol. LVlTI, No.4. Published monthly from November to July inclusive at Emmett Street. Bristol. Conn.Publication date; twenty-seventh of the month preceding date of issue. Annual subscription $4.00; Canadian and Foreign subscriptions, $4.50. Enteredas second-class matter December 23. 1949. at the Post Office, at Bristol, Conn., under the Act of Match 3, 1879.

o the engineer1'0 blaze newwtrails

AiResearch is looking for yourkind of engineer.

AiResearch is a key companyin the industrial future of Amer-ica. We are playing a vital partin the great engineering advancesnow taking place.

The field of heat transfer is anexample. The advent of high-speed, high-altitude aircraft hasmade heat control one of themost pressing present-day prob-lems. This promises to be evenmore acute when atomic energybecomes an industrial fact.AiResearch is constantly devel-oping new methods of heat trans-fer. But this is only one aspect ofour operation. We pioneered thefield of small turhomachinery,pioneered aircraft air-condition-ing and pressurization systems,developed many different typesof pneumatic and electronicequipment, now manufacturemore than 1000 different prod-ucts. We develop new solutionsfor industry as required.

That's why we need creativeengineers ... and appreciatethem. You who qualify for anAiResearch position will receivestimulating assignments, utilizesome of the finest research facil-ities in the country and he wellrewarded financially.

wwholikes

•••

BUMPY ROAD FOR HOT MOLECULES,an AiResearch development, helps lick heat problem

in modem engineering. Dimples interrupt thesmooth flow0/ air in thin walled tubes,permit more rapid exchange0/ hot and cold

molecules and step up cooling efficiency 26%.

Premium positions are nowopen for mechanical engineers... electrical engineers ... physi-cists ... specialists in engineeringmechanics specialists in aero-dynamics electronics engineers. •. aeronautical engineers.

Write to Mr. Wayne Clifford,Ai Re s e arch ManufacturingCompany, 9851 S. SepulvedaBlvd.,Los Angeles 45,California.Indicate your preference as tolocation either in Los Angelesor Phoenix.

174

Designers and manufacturers of aircraft components:.".,O .. AT,OII$Tsn~s •• N'U~ATIC"LV" AJ<. <ONUOLS • n ...... TuU <ONUOLS

OMII A.I COM.llSSOIS • TU'.INE: MOTOas .. GAS JUR"N( lHGINfS • tAIl" 'InSUIE C.ONTROLS • HOT TlAHSfU IQUIPMINT • lucr.o.MICHA'OCAL lOUIPMEJ4T • rUCTlOHIC COMPUlOS AND COHTIGLS

THE TECHNOLOGY REVlEW

- ~-

COMBUSTION ENGINEERING now building

NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER

On a 530-acre site in Windsor, Connecticut, Combustion Engineering is now build-ing a Nuclear Engineering and Development Center. In addition to the Engineeringand Administration Building, shown above, there will be a critical experiment facilityfor studying the physics and nuclear characteristics of reactor cores, a "hot" laboratoryand a fuel element fabrication plant, together with related metallurgical, chemical andphysical testing laboratories.

This multi-million dollar project, for which Stone& Webster Engineering Corpo-ration are the architects and engineers, is scheduled for initial operation late' this yearand completion in early '57. In conjunction with new nuclear facilities recently placedin operation at the Company's Chattanooga, Te11l1.,plant, the Windsor plant willenable Combustion

to design, develop and manufacturecomplete nuclear power reactor systems

Heavy components such as reactor vessels, boilers, plugs and shields will be man-ufactured at Chattanooga. Reactor cores, including fuel elements. and control rods, willbe produced at Windsor.

The new nuclear building at Chattanooga includes such equipment as a 15,000,000-volt betatron for fast X-raying of thick plate and welds; large precision machine toolscapable of handling work up to 20 feet in diameter with accuracies comparable to thoserequired in watchmaking; and cranes to handle loads in excess of 300 tons. A new dockis equipped to handle reactor vessels too large and heavy for rail or highway shipment.By virtue of these facilities, Combustion becomes thefi·rstcompany in the worldto pos-sess equipment especially designed for IDe manufacture of heavy reactor componentsand to be able to ship them by water to virtually all river and coastal ports.

The panel at IDe right reveals the Company's current activity in the nuclear field.With IDe new facilities now available or in process, and others recently authorized,Combustion is prepared to achieve the same position of leadership in nuclear powerthat it has long occupied in IDe field of conventional power generation.

COMBUSTION ENGINEERINGCombustion Engineering Building

200 Madison Avenue, New York 16, N. Y.

8-898

C-E NUCLEAR WORK1955-56

IIIII

~

Contract to design, developand build complete nuclear re-actor system for a submarine.(This contract made Combus-tum the country' third majorcontractor to AEC on therla-val reactor development pro-gram, and the first tou nder-take such a contract with itsown [ocilities.}

Contract to design and buildmajor reactor components forU.S.S. Seawolf.

Contract to design and buildmajor reactor components forlarge naval surface ship.

Contract to design and buildmaior reactor omponents forSubmarine Advanced Reactorand Submarine Fleet ReactorSystems.

Contract to design and buildmajor reactor components forShippingport plant to be oper-ated by Duquesne Light C01l1-l2any. (This will he country'sIlrst commercial size nuclearpower plant.)

Contract to design and buildmajor reactor components forAtomic Power DevelopmentAssociates. (This fast breederreactor, to be operated byDetroit Edison Company, isregarded. as the most advancedtype projected to date [or acommercial size power instal-lation.}

Agreement with AEC fordesign and evaluation studiesof both large and small re-actors and of fuel elements andtheir fabrication.

STEAM GENERATING UNITS; NUCLEAR REACTORS; PAPER Mill EQUIPMENT; PULVERIZERS; fLASH DRYING SYSTEMS; PRmURE VESSElS; DOMESTIC WATER HEATERS; SOil PIPE

FEBRUARY, 1956 '175

DIEFENG E A

GEARSMade to YourSpecifications

You and we canform 8

team-you to draw upthe specifications; we tomake the gears--thatwill be profitable toboth of us. Gears of alltypes, all sizes, allma-

terials. Design-engineer-ing service available.

Custom GearsExclusively

DIEfENDORf GEARCORPORATION

Syracuse 1, N. Y.

@RFR S

176

THE TABULAR VIEW

Technology and the Liberal Arts. - More thanever before, industrial leaders of the futurewillrequire general education which lends perspective,as well as specialized knowledge. In "Technologyand the Liberal Arts" (page 187) HENRY B.DU PONT,'23, writes convincingly that one of the best ways ofdeveloping future leaders is through closer co-operation between industry and educational institu-tions. Mr. du Pont's long and intimate associationwith industrial and educational institutions lends aspecial force to his message. Mr. du Pont studied atYale University and is a member of the Institute'sClass of 1923. He was employed in the EngineeringDepartment of the General Motors Corporationbetween 1924 and 1927, and since 1927 has beenwith the E. 1. du Pont de Nemours Company ofwhich he became a vice-president in 1939. Mr.du Pont is director of the North American AviationCompany, Wilmington Trust Company, and Gen-eral Motors Corporation. He is president of theAlexis 1. du Pont School in Wilmington.

Dollars from Wastes. ~ Growth of the nation'spopulation, expansion of its urban sections, limiteduseful agricultural areas, and increasing demandsfor products made from dwindling natural re-

(Concluded on page 178)

UNIFORM QUAliTY

DIVERSEAPPUClTIONS

E

Each part of everyCurtis Universal Jointis made of speciallyselected steel,individ-ually heat-treated fora specific purpose.

This care in manufac-ture is reflected in our

catalog torque and loadratings - which are sub-

stantiated by constant test-ing of production joints.

That's why Curtis Joints arethe most dependable, durable

and trouble-free available-thestandard of the industry.

CURTIS UNIVERSAL JOINTS• 14 sizes always in stock - bored

or unbored hubs• fewer parts, simpler construction• Complete equipment for govern-

ment tests.

PLUS - facilities and engineeringskill to handle spedal specificationjobs ot Dny time.

Not .o/d through distributor ••Write direct 'or'ree engineeringdata ond price Ii.t.

1,o~'kCURTISUNIVERSAL JOINT CO., INC.'8 BIRNIE AVE., SPRINGFIELD, MASS.

As near to you as yDur te.epltone

A MANUfACTURER OF UNIVERSAL JOINTS SINCE 1919

THE TECHNOLOGY REVIEW

(lRAVERSPHERESsolve gas and liquid storage problemsFor pressure storage of process butane, Iso-butane,natural gasoline and other volatile liquids and gases,Graverspheres are a "natural.tt

Graverspheres are formed in Graver shops andare first carefully assembled to insure accurate fit.After this they are shipped to location, erected andfield-welded.

These spheres-the very shape of which is idealfor high-pressure storage in quantity-are availablein capacities from 1,000 to 30,000 bbl. For gas stor-age Graverspheres are made to withstand pressures

[tRAVER]

up to 100 p.s.i.g. and for liquid storage from 20 to90 lb. water pressure.

As is the case with Graver tanks, towers and pres-sure vessels, traditional Graver quality and crafts-manship are inherent in Graverspheres.

GRAVER 1m ~J\\~·C2::I~EAST CHICAGO, INDIANA

CHICAGO • NEW YORK • PHILADELPHIA • EDGE MOOR. DEL.CATASAUQUA, PA. • PITISBURGH • CLEVELAND • DETROIT • TULSASAND SPRINGS, OKLA •• HOUSTON • ODESSA, TEXAS • CASPER, WYO.

LOS ANGELES • fONTANA, CAL. • SAN fRANCISCO

builds tanks, towers and pressure vesselsfor the chemical and petroleum industries

FEBRUARY, 1956 171

G8; SIANDBY/.

Packaged 12 mcfh plant designed andbuilt by Draketown for ...

* Utility er Industrial standby* Peak shaving and augmentation* 100% Town or plant supply

A Packaged Drakefown Propane Plant willhelp you reduce demand charges; provide asupply of gas during curtailment periods ••.at the turn of a valve •.• or supply that out.lying section or plant 100% if desired.

~

fdllil• It!,!! ®

@.. . . .~ROPANE PLANTS.. Good Gas Insurance"

If you have a gas problem, we can help you.Weoperate from coast to coast and overseas.

Pbone orwrltJ toda, - no oIlJilltiol.

DRAKE fa TOWNSEND, .. to" • ~ 10 • • I ~

Consulting' Delign· Engineering-Construction

11 WEST 42NO STREET· NEW YORK 36, N Y.

178

THE TABULAR VIEW(Conclu.ded from page 176)

sources, all combine to pose a serious problem ofconservation. One means of meeting expanding rawmaterial requirements is to make more effective andefficient use of food and agricultural wastes, and"Dollars from Wastes" (page 191) by HARRYW.VONLOESECKE,urges the adoption of such a program.After graduation from Harvard University, Mr.von Loesecke became research chemist for theGeneral Electric Company, the American ProteinCorporation, and the United Fruit Company. Hehas also been senior chemist, industrial specialist,and technical adviser in a variety of projects relatedto .agriculture and the food industry. Mr. vonLoesecke is a fellow of the American Public HealthAssociation, and member of the American ChemicalSociety.

American Engineering Education Abroad.-What problems confront the engineering professorwho applies American methods in foreign landswhere textbooks and laboratory facilities are less com-monplace than here? One answer to this problem isprovided in "Engineering Education at the AmericanUniversity of Beirut" (page 194) byEDWARD S.HOPE,'26who has been professor of civil engineeringin that university since 1951. Professor Hope re-ceived the B.A. degree from Morehouse College in1923, the S.B. and S.M. degrees from M.LT. in 1926and 1927, respectively, and the Ed.D. degree fromColumbia University in 1942. Following graduationfrom M.LT., Dr. Hope spent a year as highwayengineer for the State of New York, three years ashydraulic engineer in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and12 years as superintendent of Buildings and Grounds,at Howard University. During his termin the Navy,between 1944 and1946, he became director ofin-struction, C.E.C, Navy Pacific University with rankof Lieutenant Commander,

Machlett Laboratories,Inc,

Proof of Good ServiceMany "first" contracts come to us because wecan guarantee quicker .completion. "Second"contracts come because we live up to theguarantee. Approximately80% of our businessis repeat contracts.

w. J. BARNEY CORPORATIONINDUSTRIAL CONSTRUCTION101 Park/Avenue, New York

Alfred T. Glassett, '20, President

Founded 191 7

THE TECHNOLOGYREVIEW

HOW TO ADD A PLUS TO YOUR PRODUCTS •

Find out about the new carbon blacks and other raw mater-ials now being offered by Cabot for the improvement of yourproduct. Not only does Cabot continue to develop new blacks... a range which already constitutes the world's greatestvariety ... but Cabot is introducing to industry some excitingnew white pigments and other products. In addition, there arepine tar products, plasticizer, clay ... products you shouldinvestigate if your goal is constant improvement. You can'tafford to miss the new product facts being uncovered daily inCabot Laboratories and in variou other laboratories through-out the country where Cabot materials are being investigated. . . write today for new product facts from Cabot ...

( ) NEW thermal carbon blacks for mechanical and extrudedrubber qoods ... natllral rubber tl~bes. As the world's onlymanufacturer of a complete r-ange of channel,[u 'nace andthermal blacks} Cabot offers more than45 different grades forlise in rubber, ink, paint, varnish, lacquer, plastics and papc»products.

NEW while uniform calcium SIlicate-Wollastonite. As aninert paint extender, it has more desirable properties Ihan01her extenders singly or combined. Exceuent for dry pressing

( )

~CABOT----.r-

• •

of wall tile and semi-vitreous ceramic products and as a min-eral filler for polyester resins.

( ) NEW, almost chemically pure silica-Cabosil. An "air-borne" silica for increasing the viscosity of polyester resins toa desired working consistency. Also used for rubbel', plastics,paints, varnish, printing inks, pharmaceuticals, cosmetic,s}insecticides, adhesives, floor waxes.

( ) NEW, almost chemically pure, extremely fine alumina pig-ment-Alan C. For textiles, rubl>er, plastics, paints, varnish,printing inks, phannaceuticals, cosmetics, insecticides, ad-hesives, floor waxes .

( ) NEW'tZasticizers o.Uering improved fiexibilin) permanence-Cabftex ODP and Cabflex ODA and others. Two of a completerange oj-plaSticizers developed/or the specific improvement ofvinyl plastics products.

( ) NEW Elftex carbon blacks. Fluffy oil furnace blacks spe-cifically developed to give letterpress inks same quality printedblackness previously obtained only with higher priced channelblacks.

(1 I For complete information, check the Cabot products that in-YJ terest you ... write

Godfrey L. Cabot, Inc. 77 FRANKLIN STREET, BOSTON 10, MASSACHusms

Branch Offices or Agents in all Principai Cities of the World

FEBRUARY, 1956 179

More car owners than you can count ... count on

GOOD" 4RTrue for 41 years ...more people rideon Goodyear tires

than on any other kind

180 THE TECHNOLOGY REVIEW