© clark creative education
TRANSCRIPT
© Clark Creative Education
© Clark Creative Education
CSI U.S. HISTORY Revolutionary War
IDEAL UNIT: American Revolution TIME RANGE: 30-45 Minutes
SUPPLIES: Pencil & Paper
TOPICS OF FOCUS:
- The Continental Army & Minutemen - Key Figures - War at Home
- Land Campaigns - Foreign Aid - Treaty of Paris
General Procedures *A.) As an optional hook, you can provide or read students the letter from Dr. Soto. These are relatively the same for each CSI activity and introduce the criminal and world region it takes place. B.) Provide groups (ideally 2-3), the possible suspects, 6 crime scene puzzles and worksheet to use to record their findings. You may choose to laminate the criminals or crime scenes for easier reuse. They also work well printed as a packet. C.) Students will work to solve the crime. A vandal has gone and tried to rewrite history. Generally, it takes between 30-45 minutes to complete. You can drop hints or provide assistance to help groups that are behind the pace. There are some situations that utilize close reading and others that focus on fact-based practice. Previewing which crime scenes might be the most challenging so you can be prepared to help small groups or the whole class is a good idea. The errors are designed to be either around central information of the topic or a clear gross exaggeration. They are written such that no additional research should be needed, but allowing students to use technology is an option. D.) At the end of each scene, students will receive a clue that will substitute into the “Cryptic Text Message”. This provides an element of self-checking because if the Cryptic Text does not lead to a criminal, they know they need to recheck their work. In the end, students will determine which suspect should be arrested. The gender, race and ethnicity of the guilty “suspect” are intentionally varied across the entire CSI series. *E.) There is an emphasis on “evidence” since this is an investigation. Using evidence to discern fact from fiction is a critical element of social studies. This means detailed work and the ability to argue their logic. You may like for students to create a portfolio of evidence proving that they have arrested the right person and will demonstrate their understanding of their historical content present in the problem. *F.) Some teachers enjoy having their students present and defend their evidence to the class in a brief oral presentation. *Optional Extensions
© Clark Creative Education
THE EVIDENCE
INVESTIGATOR:______________________________________
1.
CLUE
2.
CLUE
3.
CLUE
4.
CLUE
5.
CLUE
6.
CLUE
CRYPTIC TEXT MESSAGE
SUSPECT
© Clark Creative Education
CSI: Revolutionary War Detectives, As you know, we are after a group of international evil geniuses, the Histrionics. Our evidence indicates they plan to build a world conquering device – to rewrite all of history. It seems one of the anonymous henchmen, “Brady Belichick”, has committed a string of robberies all over New England. The Histrionics use codes to communicate with each other. To claim their work, they send copies of their altered history to their teammates. When complete, they send a cryptic text message to their teammates to boast. The text message when unscrambled correctly will reveal Brady Belichick’s secret passcode. So far there are six suspects that police have questioned. It is hoped that someone with keen awareness of the Revolutionary War can use knowledge of primary sources and reliable secondary sources to fact check the scenes. Your job is to bring Brady Belichick to justice and save history. You need to be prepared to state your case and demonstrate your understanding of the following topics that Brady Belichick is known to use in the notes.
- The Continental Army and Minutemen
- Key Figures
- The War at Home
- Land Campaigns
- Foreign Aid
- Treaty of Paris
In your investigation, be sure to explain all of your thoughts. We need to have clear evidence that supports your conclusions. This is not a time to be sloppy. The slightest illegible footnote could result in a not guilty verdict.
Good luck to you, gumshoe,
Dr. Soto
© Clark Creative Education
THE SUSPECTS
Who is Brady Belichick?
NAME Roanoke
OCCUPATION Market Owner
PREFERRED PASSCODE CATEGORY
Animal
NAME Safiya
OCCUPATION Librarian
PREFERRED PASSCODE CATEGORY
Person
NAME Ken
OCCUPATION Butcher
PREFERRED PASSCODE CATEGORY
Food
NAME Brandi
OCCUPATION Real Estate Agent
PREFERRED PASSCODE CATEGORY
Place
NAME Sydney
OCCUPATION Detective
PREFERRED PASSCODE CATEGORY
Career
NAME Tommy
OCCUPATION Game Show Host
PREFERRED PASSCODE CATEGORY
Leisure
🔍 🔎
© Clark Creative Education
Scene #1 Concord Museum – Concord, Massachusetts Brady Belichick snuck through an egress window of the Concord Museum and has added to a fact sheet of a display. Paul Revere’s lantern is also missing.
The first shots of the Revolutionary War were fired in Lexington, but the majority of the battle commenced down the road in Concord the next day. So here I am… the troll read around the world.
Incorrect facts have been added to the display. Cross out the ones that are wrong.
How many incorrect facts have been added?
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
A M E R I C A
Revolutionary War: By the Numbers § 45% of colonists fully supported the war and 20% of colonists were outright loyal
to Britain. § 10 was the age of the youngest soldier in the Continental Army. § Ben Franklin was the oldest soldier in the Continental Army. § 96,500 troops served the Continental Army at the height of the war, whereas the
British had 133,000 troops. § 45,000 Minutemen fought for the Continental Army. § The Americans weaponized black bears, bison and moose to compensate for lack
of manpower. § There were 1,546 military engagements during the war. § George Washington led the Continental Army in the war’s five biggest battles, but
only had one decisive victory. § Commander Chuck Norris showed up alone against an army of 10,000 British
Troops. There was one survivor. § $151 million was the total American cost of the war. § 25,000 Revolutionary soldiers died during the war; 8,000 died from wounds.
17,000 died from disease. § 1 in 20 able-bodied, white, free males living in America died during the war.
© Clark Creative Education
Scene #2 Saratoga National Historical Park –- Saratoga, New York Brady Belichick parachuted into the national park and stole a revolutionary-era cannon. A historian noticed a Wikipedia page was also vandalized.
The Revolutionary War lasted seven years and featured over 200,000 troops on both sides. Some figures have stood above others in history for their significant contributions.
Revolutionary Mix-Up
Brady Belichick has erased a Revolutionary War figure! We have 7 figures and 8 descriptions. They have been mixed up and one has been deleted. Draw lines to connect the Revolutionary War figure with their description and determine who is missing.
Ethan Allen
Charles Cornwallis
Nathanael Greene
John Paul Jones
Deborah Sampson
George Washington
Martha Washington
Wife of the leader of the Continental Army who accompanied her husband and troops during their winter encampments.
She cared for sick and wounded soldiers and hosted events to boost troop morale.
British general who led several successful land campaigns at the start of the war. Ultimately, he surrendered British troops to the Continental Army at the Battle of Yorktown
to end the Revolutionary War.
Commander-in-chief of the Continental Army. He went on to become the first president of the United States of America.
A woman who disguised herself as a man to join the U.S. Army. She was injured and her true identity was discovered. She received an honorable discharge.
A nurse who was called “Molly Pitcher” (like other women) for bringing water to soldiers. She was noted for taking her
husband’s place at his cannon after he was killed. A major general of the Continental Army. He fought with
George Washington at Trenton, Brandywine, Germantown, and Valley Forge. He significantly reduced British
control in the Southern states. Leader of the "Green Mountain Boys" together with
Benedict Arnold. He is best known for the capture of Fort Ticonderoga from the British in 1775.
First well-known U.S. naval commander. His greatest victory was the defeat of the British warship Serapis in 1779.
Who has been deleted?
Benedict Arnold
Elijah Clarke
Margaret Corbin
King George III
Paul Revere
Mercy Otis Warren
P Q R S T U
© Clark Creative Education
Scene #3 Valley Forge National Historical Park - Prussia, Pennsylvania Brady Belichick broke into the famed national park and has changed a letter from George Washington to his wife. A security guard also noticed a log cabin was stolen.
For a long winter, General George Washington led his troops to an encampment at Valley Forge. The British had successfully taken over America’s capital of Philadelphia. Morale was low.
My Dearest, In the letter to Martha “Patsy” Washington, items have been changed. Circle the mistakes. How many sections have at least one mistake?
i.
I am now set down to write you on a subject which fills me with inexpressible concern - and this concern is greatly aggravated and increased, when I reflect upon the uneasiness I know it will give you - It has been determined in Congress that the whole Army raised for the defence of the American Cause shall be put under my care, and that it is necessary for me to proceed immediately to Chicago to take upon me the command of it.
ii.
You may believe me my dear Patsy, when I assure you, in the most solemn manner, that, so far from seeking this appointment I have used every endeavor in my power to avoid it, not only from my unwillingness to part with you and the Family, but from a consciousness of its being a trust too great for my capacity and that I should enjoy more real happiness and felicity in one month with you, at home -
iii.
It was utterly out of my power to refuse this appointment without exposing my character to such censures as would have reflected dishonour upon myself, and given pain to my friends, my dogs and my dog’s friends - this, I am sure could not, and ought not be pleasing to you, & must have lessened me considerably in my own esteem. I shall rely therefore, confidently, on that Providence which has heretofore preserved, & been bountiful to me, not doubting but that I shall return safe to you in the fall - I shall feel no pain from the toil, or the danger of the campaign -
iv.
My unhappiness will flow, from the uneasiness I know you will feel at being left alone. - I beg of you to summon your whole fortitude resolution, and pass your time as agreeably as possible - nothing will give me so much sincere satisfaction as to hear this, and to hear it from your own pen – or a quick text with those downright silly emojis – or liking my Facebook statuses.
How many of the four sections contain errors?
1 2 3 4
H O M E
© Clark Creative Education
Scene #4 Washington Crossing Historical Park -- Washington Crossing, PA Brady Belichick dug a tunnel under the historical park to steal a monument of Washington crossing the Delaware. It is unclear how the Histronics plan to use this in their time machine.
Though there were over 1,000 clashes during the war, some battles sung the result of the war more significantly than others. These battles are a bit scrambled. False information has been added to some, and others are completely misattributed. Cross out the false information. Circle the incorrect attributions and state which battle it belongs to.
Key Battles Battle of
Lexington & Concord
April 19, 1775 The "shot heard 'round the world" is fired in Lexington to officially begin the American Revolutionary War. Fighting continues in Concord and results in a surprising victory for the inexperienced American militia.
Battle of Bunker Hill
June 17, 1775 A British victory in Massachusetts during which the Americans inflict heavy casualties, despite their loss.
Battle of Quebec
December 31, 1775 A series of American victories from Lake Champlain into Canada end. This battle is the first major defeat for Americans and it results in heavy losses.
Battle of Trenton
December 26, 1776 The worst American defeat of the war, following a six-week siege. On behalf of the Continental Army, Major General Benjamin Lincoln surrenders to British Lieutenant General Sir Henry Clinton and his army of 10,000.
Battles of Saratoga
September 19-October 17, 1777 A decisive victory for Americans and turning point in the war. These battles end the British threat to New England and convince France to support the American war effort.
Battle of Rhode Island
August 29, 1778 This failed American campaign and inconclusive battle halt American momentum and demonstrate that German support will not mean a quick end to the war.
Battle of Charleston
May 12, 1780 An American victory in New Jersey. General George Washington leads his army across the Delaware River to defeat Hessian mercenaries.
Battle of Cowpens
January 17, 1781 This American victory stops British momentum in the South and begins the campaign that ends the war. Americans creatively herded livestock to intrap the British forces.
Battle of Yorktown
September 28-October 19, 1781 British General Cornwallis surrenders to American General Washington after Americans lay siege to Yorktown, Virginia. This surrender marks the end of the Revolutionary War.
How many battles are completely factual and correctly attributed?
6 5 4 3 2 1 0
P A T R I O T
© Clark Creative Education
Scene #5 National Museum of the U.S. Navy -- Washington, D.C. Brady Belichick blasted a hole into the museum and left with a submarine. A historian found a record that appears to be Brady Belichick attempting to mix up the history of foreign aid to the United States.
The Revolutionary War would likely not have been an American victory had it not been from the aid for other nations. Their finances, know-how and manpower proved to be deciding factors in the war. So now let’s mix it all up!
Foreign Aid Characteristics and contributions of the three foreign helpers have been scattered. List them correctly with the appropriate country. Which country has the most?
France Prussia Spain
Characteristics (one will be used more than once) Sought revenge after defeats during the Seven Years’ War
Marquis de Lafayette was sent to lead and became friends with Washington
Promised the restoration of the land they had lost to the
British in America Baron De Steuben joined at
Valley Forge and trained soldiers
Allowed patriots access to the port of Havana, Cuba Provided 12,000 troops
Which country has the most characteristics?
France F Prussia P Spain S
© Clark Creative Education
Scene #6 National Archive -- College Park, Maryland Brady Belichick snuck past security and defaced the original copy of the Treaty of Paris. The gift shop also noted an entire box of protein bars were taken. The first draft of the peace treaty was signed by the British and American governments on November 30, 1782, but it took 10 more months to craft the final document. And then another year and a half before King George III ratified it.
Treaty of Paris
It is time for my favorite game -- 7 truths and a lie!
A fake fact of the Treaty of Paris has been added to the list. Which one is false?
The agreement ended the war and granted independence to the 13 American colonies. G The boundaries of the United States allowed for western expansion. A The United States would gain fishing rights off Canadian coasts M Existing lawful debts were to be paid to creditors on either side. E British merchants and Loyalists were allowed to try to recover their property. O The British and the United States are each allowed access to the Mississippi River. V British were permitted to apply for licenses to hunt on American soil.
E
Ben Franklin, John Adams and John Jay signed for the Americans. David Hartley signed for the British.
R
CRYPTIC TEXT MESSAGE
Good luck figuring out my mess. It is a pigsty.
#BradyBelichick
© Clark Creative Education
THE SUSPECTS
Who is Brady Belichick?
NAME Roanoke
OCCUPATION Market Owner
PREFERRED PASSCODE CATEGORY
Animal
NAME Safiya
OCCUPATION Librarian
PREFERRED PASSCODE CATEGORY
Person
NAME Ken
OCCUPATION Butcher
PREFERRED PASSCODE CATEGORY
Food
NAME Brandi
OCCUPATION Real Estate Agent
PREFERRED PASSCODE CATEGORY
Place
NAME Sydney
OCCUPATION Detective
PREFERRED PASSCODE CATEGORY
Career FARMER
NAME Tommy
OCCUPATION Game Show Host
PREFERRED PASSCODE CATEGORY
Leisure
🔍 🔎
© Clark Creative Education
Scene #1 Concord Museum – Concord, Massachusetts Brady Belichick snuck through an egress window of the Concord Museum and has added to a fact sheet of a display. Paul Revere’s lantern is also missing.
The first shots of the Revolutionary War were fired in Lexington, but the majority of the battle commenced down the road in Concord the next day. So here I am… the troll read around the world.
Incorrect facts have been added to the display. Cross out the ones that are wrong.
How many incorrect facts have been added?
0 1 2 3 4 5 6
A M E R I C A
Revolutionary War: By the Numbers § 45% of colonists fully supported the war and 20% of colonists were outright loyal
to Britain. § 10 was the age of the youngest soldier in the Continental Army. § Ben Franklin was the oldest soldier in the Continental Army. § 96,500 troops served the Continental Army at the height of the war, whereas the
British had 133,000 troops. § 45,000 Minutemen fought for the Continental Army. § The Americans weaponized black bears, bison and moose to compensate for lack
of manpower. § There were 1,546 military engagements during the war. § George Washington led the Continental Army in the war’s five biggest battles, but
only had one decisive victory. § Commander Chuck Norris showed up alone against an army of 10,000 British
Troops. There was one survivor. § $151 million was the total American cost of the war. § 25,000 Revolutionary soldiers died during the war; 8,000 died from wounds.
17,000 died from disease. § 1 in 20 able-bodied, white, free males living in America died during the war.
© Clark Creative Education
Scene #2 Saratoga National Historical Park –- Saratoga, New York Brady Belichick parachuted into the national park and stole a revolutionary-era cannon. A historian noticed a Wikipedia page was also vandalized.
The Revolutionary War lasted seven years and featured over 200,000 troops on both sides. Some figures have stood above others in history for their significant contributions.
Revolutionary Mix-Up
Brady Belichick has erased a Revolutionary War figure! We have 7 figures and 8 descriptions. They have been mixed up and one has been deleted. Draw lines to connect the Revolutionary War figure with their description and determine who is missing.
Ethan Allen
Charles Cornwallis
Nathanael Greene
John Paul Jones
Deborah Sampson
George Washington
Martha Washington
Wife of the leader of the Continental Army who accompanied her husband and troops during their winter encampments. She cared for sick and wounded soldiers and hosted events to boost
troop morale. M.WASHINGTON British general who led several successful land campaigns at
the start of the war. Ultimately, he surrendered British troops to the Continental Army at the Battle of Yorktown to end the
Revolutionary War. CORNWALLIS Commander-in-chief of the Continental Army. He went on to become the first president of the United States of America.
G. WASHINGTON A woman who disguised herself as a man to join the U.S. Army.
She was injured and her true identity was discovered. She received an honorable discharge. SAMPSON
A nurse who was called “Molly Pitcher” (like other women) for bringing water to soldiers. She was noted for taking her
husband’s place at his cannon after he was killed. CORBIN A major general of the Continental Army. He fought with
George Washington at Trenton, Brandywine, Germantown, and Valley Forge. He significantly reduced British control in the
Southern states. GREENE Leader of the "Green Mountain Boys" together with Benedict Arnold. He is best known for the capture of Fort Ticonderoga
from the British in 1775. ALLEN
First well-known U.S. naval commander. His greatest victory was the defeat of the British warship Serapis in 1779. JONES
Who has been deleted?
Benedict Arnold
Elijah Clarke
Margaret Corbin
King George III
Paul Revere
Mercy Otis Warren
P Q R S T U
© Clark Creative Education
Scene #3 Valley Forge National Historical Park - Prussia, Pennsylvania Brady Belichick broke into the famed national park and has changed a letter from George Washington to his wife. A security guard also noticed a log cabin was stolen.
For a long winter, General George Washington led his troops to an encampment at Valley Forge. The British had successfully taken over America’s capital of Philadelphia. Morale was low.
My Dearest, In the letter to Martha “Patsy” Washington, items have been changed. Circle the mistakes. How many sections have at least one mistake?
i.
I am now set down to write you on a subject which fills me with inexpressible concern - and this concern is greatly aggravated and increased, when I reflect upon the uneasiness I know it will give you - It has been determined in Congress that the whole Army raised for the defence of the American Cause shall be put under my care, and that it is necessary for me to proceed immediately to Chicago Boston to take upon me the command of it.
ii.
You may believe me my dear Patsy, when I assure you, in the most solemn manner, that, so far from seeking this appointment I have used every endeavor in my power to avoid it, not only from my unwillingness to part with you and the Family, but from a consciousness of its being a trust too great for my capacity and that I should enjoy more real happiness and felicity in one month with you, at home -
iii.
It was utterly out of my power to refuse this appointment without exposing my character to such censures as would have reflected dishonour upon myself, and given pain to my friends, my dogs and my dog’s friends - this, I am sure could not, and ought not be pleasing to you, & must have lessened me considerably in my own esteem. I shall rely therefore, confidently, on that Providence which has heretofore preserved, & been bountiful to me, not doubting but that I shall return safe to you in the fall - I shall feel no pain from the toil, or the danger of the campaign -
iv.
My unhappiness will flow, from the uneasiness I know you will feel at being left alone. - I beg of you to summon your whole fortitude resolution, and pass your time as agreeably as possible - nothing will give me so much sincere satisfaction as to hear this, and to hear it from your own pen – or a quick text with those downright silly emojis – or liking my Facebook statuses.
How many of the four sections contain errors?
1 2 3 4
H O M E
© Clark Creative Education
Scene #4 Washington Crossing Historical Park - Washington Crossing, PA Brady Belichick dug a tunnel under the historical park to steal a monument of Washington crossing the Delaware. It is unclear how the Histronics plan to use this in their time machine.
Though there were over 1,000 clashes during the war, some battles sung the result of the war more significantly than others. These battles are a bit scrambled. False information has been added to some, and others are completely misattributed. Cross out the false information. Circle the incorrect attributions and state which battle it belongs to.
Key Battles Battle of
Lexington & Concord
April 19, 1775 The "shot heard 'round the world" is fired in Lexington to officially begin the American Revolutionary War. Fighting continues in Concord and results in a surprising victory for the inexperienced American militia.
Battle of Bunker Hill
June 17, 1775 A British victory in Massachusetts during which the Americans inflict heavy casualties, despite their loss.
Battle of Quebec
December 31, 1775 A series of American victories from Lake Champlain into Canada end. This battle is the first major defeat for Americans and it results in heavy losses.
Battle of Trenton
December 26, 1776 The worst American defeat of the war, following a six-week siege. On behalf of the Continental Army, Major General Benjamin Lincoln surrenders to British Lieutenant General Sir Henry Clinton and his army of 10,000. CHARLESTON
Battles of Saratoga
September 19-October 17, 1777 A decisive victory for Americans and turning point in the war. These battles end the British threat to New England and convince France to support the American war effort.
Battle of Rhode Island
August 29, 1778 This failed American campaign and inconclusive battle halt American momentum and demonstrate that German French support will not mean a quick end to the war.
Battle of Charleston
May 12, 1780 An American victory in New Jersey. General George Washington leads his army across the Delaware River to defeat Hessian mercenaries. TRENTON
Battle of Cowpens
January 17, 1781 This American victory stops British momentum in the South and begins the campaign that ends the war. Americans creatively herded livestock to intrap the British forces.
Battle of Yorktown
September 28-October 19, 1781 British General Cornwallis surrenders to American General Washington after Americans lay siege to Yorktown, Virginia. This surrender marks the end of the Revolutionary War.
How many battles are completely factual and correctly attributed?
6 5 4 3 2 1 0
P A T R I O T
© Clark Creative Education
Scene #5 National Museum of the U.S. Navy -- Washington, D.C. Brady Belichick blasted a hole into the museum and left with a submarine. A historian found a record that appears to be Brady Belichick attempting to mix up the history of foreign aid to the United States.
The Revolutionary War would likely not have been an American victory had it not been for the aid from other nations. Their finances, know-how and manpower proved to be deciding factors in the war. So now let’s mix it all up!
Foreign Aid Characteristics and contributions of the three foreign helpers have been scattered. List them correctly with the appropriate country. Which country has the most?
France Prussia Spain
Sought revenge after defeats during the Seven Year’s War
Marquis de Lafayette was sent to
lead and became friends with Washington
Promised the restoration of the
land they had lost to the British in America
Provided 12,000 troops
Baron De Stuben joined at Valley Forge and trained soldiers
Allowed patriots access to the port of Havana, Cuba
Promised the restoration of the
land they had lost to the British in America
Characteristics (one will be used more than once) Sought revenge after defeats during the Seven Years’ War
Marquis de Lafayette was sent to lead and became friends with Washington
Promised the restoration of the land they had lost to the
British in America Baron De Steuben joined at
Valley Forge and trained soldiers
Allowed patriots access to the port of Havana, Cuba Provided 12,000 troops
Which country has the most characteristics?
France F Prussia P Spain S
© Clark Creative Education
Scene #6 National Archive -- College Park, Maryland Brady Belichick snuck past security and defaced the original copy of the Treaty of Paris. The gift shop also noted an entire box of protein bars were taken. The first draft of the peace treaty was signed by the British and American governments on November 30, 1782, but it took 10 more months to craft the final document. And then another year and a half before King George III ratified it.
Treaty of Paris
It is time for my favorite game -- 7 truths and a lie!
A fake fact of the Treaty of Paris has been added to the list. Which one is false?
The agreement ended the war and granted independence to the 13 American colonies. G The boundaries of the United States allowed for western expansion. A The United States would gain fishing rights off Canadian coasts M Existing lawful debts were to be paid to creditors on either side. E British merchants and Loyalists were allowed to try to recover their property. O The British and the United States are each allowed access to the Mississippi River. V British were permitted to apply for licenses to hunt on American soil.
E
Ben Franklin, John Adams and John Jay signed for the Americans. David Hartley signed for the British.
R
CRYPTIC TEXT MESSAGE
Good luck figuring out my mess. It is a pigsty.
F-A-R-M-E-R
#BradyBelichick
© Clark Creative Education
CSI: US HISTORY Revolutionary War
Rubric
Skills & Understandings Exemplary Proficient Developing
I can identify correct information about the Continental and British Armies.
I can identify well-known figures from the Revolutionary War and their roles.
I can articulate the challenges faced at home while families were at war.
I can demonstrate knowledge of key battles during the war and their historical significance.
I can articulate the contributions and aid the Americans received from foreign nations.
I can demonstrate knowledge of the Treaty of Paris and the resolution of the war.
Social Studies Processes Exemplary Proficient Developing
Close Reading
accurately reads information to draw conclusions
can thoughtfully and critically analyze text
Historical Connections
accurately represents history and understands how aspects may be related to each other
can articulate the sequence events occurred through time and discern developments and cause and effect
21st Century
Truth Finding
can evaluate the legitimacy of claims
utilizes facts to prove what is clearly false and confirm what is true
C
Comm
COMMENTS: