* classical societies built roads, trade networks, & complex bureaucracies. how did these things...
TRANSCRIPT
*Bell Ringer
*Classical Societies built Roads, Trade Networks, & complex Bureaucracies. How did these things help them to govern vast
Empires?
The Land of various Empires and Buddha
Classical India
The Aryan Invasion
*Aryans conquered the Indian Subcontinent by 1500 B.C.
*They may have crossed the Himalayas from central Asia (this is still up for debate)
*They were nomadic herders and warriors
*They brought with them Hinduism and the caste system
*By 900 B.C. they developed city states and a form of writing called Sanskrit which was only taught to higher castes
Hinduism
Major beliefs of Hinduism
*Many gods but they all come from one central God
*At death a person’s soul is reborn into another living thing creating an endless cycle of rebirth (reincarnation)
*Karma is your behavior in life and good karma means better placement in the next life
*Hindu’s belief in sacred objects such as the cow and the Ganges River which has the power to wash away evil and sin
Caste System
Priests
Warriors
Landowners
Peasants
Untouchables
*The Aryans created this to secure their stature among the Dravidians (only Aryans could occupy the higher castes)
*Caste is based on birth, and one could only move up through reincarnation
Buddhism
*Began around 500 B.C. by Siddhartha Gautama
*He was a wealthy prince in Nepal who was disgusted by the suffering around him, so he left it all for truth
*He realized after 6 years of searching that all suffering is from human selfishness
*You become enlightened by blocking out selfish desires and accepting the world as it is
*Reincarnation is believed and you escape it through following the Eightfold path
*Buddhism spread rapidly throughout southern Asia
*Things to look up and read for your notebook(4 noble truths, Eightfold path, read the Sutras)
*Mauryan Empire321 B.C.E – 232
B.C.E
*Founded by Emperor Chandragupta
*He fought off the Hellenistic Greeks who sought to conquer the land
*Created Vast Armies
*600,000 ft Soldiers
*30,000 Calvary
*9,000 Elephants
*Mauryan Empire321 B.C.E – 232
B.C.E
*Chandragupta conquered a lot of land
*When he died his grandson Asoka assumed the throne.
*Asoka continued conquering lands for a short period of time
*Mauryan Empire321 B.C.E – 232
B.C.E
*Horrified after some particularly bloody battles Asoka changed
*Decided to rule by Buddhist teachings
* Peace to all
*Governed instead of conquered
*Built Roads
* Tolerated different Religions
* Equal Laws for all
*500 years of War
*After Asoka’s death the Mauryan Empire fell apart.
*Groups went to war with each other and carved out little kingdoms
*Time of change and cultural blending
*Gupta Empire 320 A.D. – 535
A.D.
*Starting in 320 A.D. a new empire slowly emerged in Central India
*The Gupta family ruled for over 300 years.
*Brought a FLOWERING OF HINDU CULTURE
*Known as the “Golden Age of Hindu Culture”
*Gupta Empire320 A.D. – 535
A.D.
*Literature & Cultural stories
*Touchstone for some modern stories
*Astronomy – calculated the Earth was round and spun on its own axis
*Medical Advances – performed surgery & skin grafts
*Gupta Empire320 A.D. – 535
A.D.
*Created modern numbers (0,1,2,3,4)
*Understood the concept of infinity
*Calculated Pi to 4 decimals
*Calculated a year to have 365.3586805 days.
*Almost as accurate as an Atomic Clock
*Fall of the Gupta
*The Empire prospered till around 500 A.D. when they were invaded by the Huns.
*Yes the same Huns that invaded Rome and will also invade Han China.
*There are a lot of Huns.
*Writing Assignment
*Write a paragraph about highlighting a few similarities and differences between the Classical Indian and Roman Empires.