describe efforts to end segregation in the 40’s and 50’s explain the importance of brown v. boe...
TRANSCRIPT
18.1 EARLY DEMANDS FOR
EQUALITY
OBJECTIVES Describe efforts to end segregation in
the 40’s and 50’s Explain the importance of Brown v. BOE Describe the controversy over school
segregation in Little Rock, Arkansas Describe the Montgomery Bus Boycott
and its impact
SEGREGATION DIVIDES AMERICA Jim Crow Laws= de jure segregation
Segregation by law De facto segregation=by unwritten
custom or tradition
Jackie Robinson Trailer
Identify an example of de jure and de facto segregation from the trailer
BROWN V. BOARD OF EDUCATION Thurgood Marshall: NAACP lawyer Brown v. BOE
Challenged Plessy v. Ferguson Supreme Court agreed with Brown (Earl
Warren) Reaction
Brown II: called for desegregation “with all deliberate speed”
Most southerners hated this!KKK revival
LITTLE ROCK NINE 1957 Little Rock, Arkansas 9 African Americans volunteered to
enroll in Central High Gov. Orval Faubus called in the National
Guard to block the school Federal Troops called in to protect
studentsStayed entire year!
Civil Rights Act 1957: established U.S. Civil Rights Commission
MONTGOMERY BUS BOYCOTT Rosa Parks Dec. 1955
Wouldn’t give up seat on the bus for a white person
Sparked protest of bus system in Montgomery, AL
MLKCalled for protest to be nonviolentLasted more than a yearSupreme Court ruled bus segregation was
unconstitutional
SCLC MLK established Southern Christian
Leadership Conference after boycott Advocated nonviolent resistance