perpustakaan.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id an error analysis

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AN ERROR ANALYSIS ON THE USE OF SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

IN DESCRIPTIVE TEXT MADE BY THE FIRST GRADE

STUDENTS OF SMA NEGERI 2 BOYOLALI

IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR 2014/2015

THESIS

MUHAIMIN ABDILLAH

K2211057

Submitted to the Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Sebelas Maret

University to fulfill One of the Requirements for Getting the Undergraduate

Degree of Education

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY

SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY

SURAKARTA

2016


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ii

PRONOUNCEMENT

I would like to certify that the thesis entitled AN ERROR ANALYSIS

ON THE USE OF SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE IN DESCRIPTIVE TEXT

MADE BY THE FIRST GRADE STUDENTS OF SMA NEGERI 2

BOYOLALI IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR 2014/2015 is really my own work. It

is not plagiarism or made by others. Everything related to other works are written

in quotation, the sources of which are listed on bibliography.

If then, the pronouncement proves wrong, I am ready to receive any

academic punishment.

Surakarta, 2016

Muhaimin Abdillah


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iii

THE APPROVAL OF THE CONSULTANS

AN ERROR ANALYSIS ON THE USE OF SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE IN

DESCRIPTIVE TEXT MADE BY THE FIRST GRADE STUDENTS OF

SMA NEGERI 2 BOYOLALI IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR 2014/2015

This Thesis Has Been Approved

Date: 2016

Consultant II

Dewi Sri Wahyuni, S.Pd., M.Pd.

NIP. 197808182003122002

Consultant I

Drs. Martono, M.A.

NIP. 196003011988031004


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iv

L EGALIZATION OF THE EXAMINERS

This thesis has been examined the Board of the Examiners of Teaching Training

and Education Faculty of Sebelas Maret University and accepted as fulfillment of

the requirements for the Undergraduate Degree of Education in English.

Day :

Date :

The Board of Examiners:

Teacher Training and Education Faculty

Sebelas Maret University

The Dean,

Prof. Dr. Joko Nurkamto, M.Pd.

NIP. 196101241987021001

1. Chairman

Teguh Sarosa, SS., M.Hum.

NIP. 197302052006041001

(…………………………)

2. Secretary

Hefy Sulistyawati, S.S., M.Pd.

NIP. 197812082001122002

(…………………………)

3. Examiner I

Drs. Martono, M.A.

NIP. 196003011988031004

(…………………………)

4. Examiner II

Dewi Sri Wahyuni, S.Pd., M.Pd.

NIP. 197808182003122002

(…………………………)


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ABSTRACT

Muhaimin Abdillah. K2211057, “AN ERROR ANALYSIS ON THE USE OF

SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE IN DESCRIPTIVE TEXT MADE BY THE

FIRST GRADE STUDENTS OF SMA NEGERI 2 BOYOLALI IN THE

ACADEMIC YEAR 2014/2015”. A Thesis. Surakarta: Teacher Training and

Education Faculty. Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, 2016.

The aims of this study are to answer the problem statements which are

formulated as: (1) to find out types of errors on the use of simple present tense in

descriptive texts made by the first grade students of SMA Negeri 2 Boyolali; (2)

to find out the cause of students’ errors on the use of simple present tense in

writing a descriptive text.

This research is descriptive. To collect the data, the researcher uses a test

in the form of descriptive text compositions made by the first grade students of

SMA Negeri 2 Boyolali. The sample of this research is 24 students of class X 5 of

SMA Negeri 2 Boyolali. The sampling technique applied in this research is

purposive sampling. To analyze the students’ errors, the researcher follows some

steps which include the identification of errors, the description of errors, and the

explanation of errors. The researcher uses surface strategy taxonomy to sort the

types of errors produced by the students from their descriptive text compositions.

The results of this research are: (1) there are three types of errors on the

use of simple present tense produced by the students which are addition errors

with the percentage of 7.83% or, omission errors with the percentage of 33.91%

and misformation errors with the percentage of 58.26%; (2) there are three sources

of errors found on the use of simple present tense in descriptive text which are

overgeneralization with the percentage of 7.20%, ignorance of rule restrictions

with the percentage of 40.00% and incomplete application of rules with the

percentage of 52.80%.

The results of this research are beneficial to the process of learning

English. The results of this research give information about the ability of the

students on the use of simple present tense. The errors which appear in this

research could help the teacher to make a good method or teaching strategy in

learning process so the students will not make the same errors.

Keywords: Error Analysis, Surface Strategy Taxonomy, Simple Present Tense,

Descriptive Text.


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vi

ABSTRAK

Muhaimin Abdillah. K2211057, “ANALISIS KESALAHAN DALAM

PENGGUNAAN SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE PADA TEKS DESKRIPTIF

SISWA KELAS SEPULUH SMA NEGERI 2 BOYOLALI TAHUN

AJARAN 2014/2015”. Skripsi. Surakarta: Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu

Pendidikan. Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, 2016.

Tujuan dari pembelajaran ini adalah: (1) mengetahui jenis-jenis kesalahan

dalam penggunaan simple present tense pada teks deskriptif oleh siswa kelas

sepuluh SMA Negeri 2 Boyolali; (2) mengetahui sebab-sebab dari kesalahan

siswa dalam penggunaan simple present tense di teks deskriptif.

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif. Dalam pengumpulan data,

peneliti menggunakan tes dalam bentuk karangan deskriptif yang dibuat oleh

siswa kelas sepuluh SMA Negeri 2 Boyolali. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah

24 siswa kelas X 5 di SMA Negeri 2 Boyolali. Teknik sampling yang digunakan

adalah purposive sampling. Untuk menganalisis kesalahan siswa, peneliti

mengikuti beberapa langkah yang meliputi identifikasi kesalahan, pendeskripsian

kesalahan, dan penjelasan kesalahan. Peneliti menggunakan surface strategy

taxonomy untuk memilah tipe-tipe kesalahan dari karangan deskriptif siswa.

Hasil penelitian ini meliputi: (1) terdapat tiga kesalahan dalam penggunaan

simple present tense yang dilakukan oleh siswa diantaranya addition error dengan

persentase 7.83%, omission error dengan persentase 33.91%, dan misformation

error dengan persentase 58.26%; (2) terdapat tiga penyebab kesalahan dalam

penggunaan simple present tense yang ditemukan dalam karangan deskriptif siswa

yaitu overgeneralization dengan persentase 7.20%, ignorance of rule restrictions

dengan persentase 40.00%, dan incomplete application of rules dengan persentase

52.80%.

Hasil penelitian ini bermanfaat terhadap proses pembelajaran Bahasa

Inggris. Hasil-hasil penelitian ini memberikan informasi tentang kemampuan

siswa dalam penggunaan simple present tense. Kesalahan-kesalahan yang muncul

dalam penelitian ini dapat membantu guru untuk membuat metode dan strategi

pembelajaran yang bagus sehingga siswa tidak akan melakukan kesalahan yang

sama.

Kata kunci: Analisis Kesalahan, Surface Strategy Taxonomy, Simple Present

Tense, Teks Deskripsi.


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vii

MOTTO

Surely there is ease after hardship. (Q.S Al – Insirah : 6)

Tidak ada yang namanya kegagalan, yang ada itu pembelajaran. (Abdillah M)

Life is not about finding yourself. Life is about creating yourself. (Shaw G.

B)

Life is not problem to be solved, but reality to be experienced. (Kierkegaard

S)


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DEDICATION

This thesis is dedicated to:

Allah S.W.T the Almighty.

My beloved parents, Mr. Suyoto and Mrs. Siti Asiyah thanks for supports

and cares.

My relatives, Hakim’s family and Milati’s family.

My lovely and best friends Pandawa Lima and Kurawa.

My awesome friends Simbah and Kopetos family.

All of my great friends in English Education Department.


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ACKNOWLEDGMENT

First and above all, the writer praises to Allah SWT for the blessing,

mercy and love given to the writer, so the writer has finished the thesis entitled

“AN ERROR ANALYSIS ON THE USE OF SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE IN

DESCRIPTIVE TEXT MADE BY THE FIRST GRADE STUDENTS OF SMA

NEGERI 2 BOYOLALI IN ACADEMIC YEAR 2014/2015”.

The writer realizes that the writer would not be able to complete the thesis without

support, advice, and guidance from many people. Therefore, the writer would like

to express the sincerest gratitude to:

1. Prof. Dr. Joko Nurkamto, M.Pd., the Dean of Teacher Training and

Education Faculty of Sebelas Maret University;

2. Teguh Sarosa, SS., M.Hum, the Head of English Education Department;

3. Drs. Martono, M.A. as the first advisor who has carefully read and made

several corrections for the improvement of this research and given

valuable advice;

4. Dewi Sri Wahyuni, S.Pd., M.Pd. as the second advisor who always gives

guidance, excellent advice and idea to the writer;

5. All of the lecturers and staff of English Education Department of Teacher

Training and Education Faculty of Sebelas Maret University who have

given their contribution to the writer for completing this research;

6. Sukawi, S.Pd. as the English teacher of the first grade in SMA Negeri 2

Boyolali who has given permission to the writer in order to collect the data

of this research;

7. His beloved parents, Mr. Suyoto and Mrs. Siti Asiyah thanks for your

loves, supports, and cares.

8. His brother Muhammad Arif Lukman Hakim and his sister Yahrotul Milati

thanks for supports.

9. His best friends Muhamad Abdullah Mubarok and Sugeng Wahyono.

10. All of his awesome friends in class B English Education Department 2011

who have share the joy, spirit, and happiness.


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11. Anyone who always pray and help for his.

The writer would like to express my sincerest gratitude to the readers for

some critics and suggestions. Hopefully this thesis can give contributions to

English Education.

Surakarta, February 2016

The writer

Muhaimin Abdillah


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ABSTRACT

Muhaimin Abdillah. K2211057, “AN ERROR ANALYSIS ON THE USE OF

SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE IN DESCRIPTIVE TEXT MADE BY THE

FIRST GRADE STUDENTS OF SMA NEGERI 2 BOYOLALI IN THE

ACADEMIC YEAR 2014/2015”. A Thesis. Surakarta: Teacher Training and

Education Faculty. Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, 2016.

The aims of this study are to answer the problem statements which are

formulated as: (1) to find out type of error on the use of simple present tense in

descriptive text made by the first grade students of SMA Negeri 2 Boyolali; (2) to

find out the cause of students’ errors on the use of simple present tense in writing

descriptive text.

This research is descriptive. To collect the data, the researcher uses a test in

the form of descriptive text composition made by the first grade students of SMA

Negeri 2 Boyolali. The sample of this research is 24 students of class X 5 of SMA

Negeri 2 Boyolali. The sampling technique applied in this research is purposive

sampling. To analyze the students’ errors, the researcher follows some steps which

include the identification of error, the description of error, and the explanation of

error. The researcher uses surface strategy taxonomy to sort the type of errors

yielded by the students from their descriptive text compositions.

The results of this research are: (1) there are three types of errors on the use

of simple present tense yielded by the students which are addition error with the

percentage of 7.83% or, omission error with the percentage of 33.91% and

misformation error with the percentage of 58.26%; (2) there are three sources of

errors found on the use of simple present tense in descriptive text which are

overgeneralization with the percentage of 7.20%, ignorance of rule restrictions with

the percentage of 40.00% and incomplete application of rules with the percentage

of 52.80%.

The results of this research are beneficial to the process of learning English.

The results of this research give information about the ability of the students on the

use of simple present tense. The errors which appear in this research could help the

teacher to make a good method or teaching strategy in learning process so the

students will not make the same errors.

Keywords: Error Analysis, Surface Strategy Taxonomy, Simple Present Tense,

Descriptive Text.


commit to user

ABSTRAK

Muhaimin Abdillah. K2211057, “ANALISIS KESALAHAN DALAM

PENGGUNAAN SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE PADA TEKS DESKRIPTIF

SISWA KELAS SEPULUH SMA NEGERI 2 BOYOLALI TAHUN AJARAN

2014/2015”. Skripsi. Surakarta: Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan.

Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, 2016.

Tujuan dari pembelajaran ini adalah: (1) mengetahui jenis-jenis kesalahan

dalam penggunaan simple present tense pada teks deskriptif oleh siswa kelas

sepuluh SMA Negeri 2 Boyolali; (2) mengetahui sebab-sebab dari kesalahan siswa

dalam penggunaan simple present tense di teks deskriptif.

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif. Dalam pengumpulan data,

peneliti menggunakan tes dalam bentuk karangan deskriptif yang dibuat oleh siswa

kelas sepuluh SMA Negeri 2 Boyolali. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 24 siswa

kelas X 5 di SMA Negeri 2 Boyolali. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah

purposive sampling. Untuk menganalisis kesalahan siswa, peneliti mengikuti

beberapa langkah yang meliputi identifikasi kesalahan, pendeskripsian kesalahan,

dan penjelasan kesalahan. Peneliti menggunakan surface strategy taxonomy untuk

memilah tipe-tipe kesalahan dari karangan deskriptif siswa.

Hasil penelitian ini meliputi: (1) terdapat tiga kesalahan dalam penggunaan

simple present tense yang dilakukan oleh siswa diantaranya addition error dengan

persentase 7.83%, omission error dengan persentase 33.91%, dan misformation

error dengan persentase 58.26%; (2) terdapat tiga penyebab kesalahan dalam

penggunaan simple present tense yang ditemukan dalam karangan deskriptif siswa

yaitu overgeneralization dengan persentase 7.20%, ignorance of rule restrictions

dengan persentase 40.00%, dan incomplete application of rules dengan persentase

52.80%.

Hasil penelitian ini bermanfaat terhadap proses pembelajaran Bahasa

Inggris. Hasil-hasil penelitian ini memberikan informasi tentang kemampuan siswa

dalam penggunaan simple present tense. Kesalahan-kesalahan yang muncul dalam

penelitian ini dapat membantu guru untuk membuat metode dan strategi

pembelajaran yang bagus sehingga siswa tidak akan melakukan kesalahan yang

sama.

Kata kunci: Analisis Kesalahan, Surface Strategy Taxonomy, Simple Present

Tense, Teks Deskripsi.


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xi

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE ............................................................................................................ i

PRONOUNCEMENT ................................................................................... ii

THE APPROVAL OF THE CONSULTANTS ............................................ iii

LEGALIZATION OF THE EXAMINERS .................................................. iv

ABSTRACT .................................................................................................. v

MOTTO ........................................................................................................ vii

DEDICATION .............................................................................................. viii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................ ix

TABLE OF CONTENTS .............................................................................. xi

LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................ xiv

LIST OF APPENDICES ............................................................................... xv

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ................................................................... 1

A. Background of Study ......................................................... 1

B. Problem Identification ........................................................ 3

C. Problem Limitation ............................................................ 3

D. Problem Statements ............................................................ 3

E. Objectives of Study ........................................................... . 4

F. Benefit of Study ................................................................ . 4

CHAPTER II THEORETICAL REVIEW .................................................... 5

A. Review of Error Analysis ................................................... 5

1. Definition of Error Analysis ....................................... . 5

2. Difference between Error and Mistake ....................... . 6

3. Causes and Types of Error .......................................... . 7

4. Procedures of Error Analysis ....................................... 12

B. Review of Simple Present Tense ....................................... 15

C. Review of Descriptive Text ............................................... 17

1. Social Function ........................................................... . 17

2. Generic Structure ......................................................... 17


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3. Language Features ....................................................... 18

4. Example of Description Text ....................................... 18

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ......................................... 20

A. Setting of Research ............................................................ 20

B. Method of Research ........................................................... 20

C. Subject of Study ................................................................. 21

1. Population .................................................................... 21

2. Sample and Sampling ................................................... 21

D. Technique of Collecting the Data ...................................... 22

E. Technique of Analyzing Data ............................................ 22

1. Collecting Data............................................................. 22

2. Identifying errors from the students test ...................... 22

3. Describing the Errors ................................................... 23

4. Explaining the Errors ................................................... 23

5. Evaluating the Errors.................................................... 23

CHAPTER IV RESULT OF THE STUDY .................................................. 24

A. Description of Data ............................................................ 24

B. Discussion .......................................................................... 28

1. Type of Error ................................................................ 28

a. Addition Error ........................................................ 28

b. Omission Error ....................................................... 29

c. Misformation Error ................................................ 30

2. Source of Error ............................................................. 32

a. Overgeneralization ................................................. 33

b. Ignorance of Rule Restrictions ............................... 33

c. Incomplete Application of Rules ........................... 34

CHAPTER V CONCLUSION, IMPLICATION AND SUGGESTION ...... 35

A. Conclusion ......................................................................... 35

B. Implication ......................................................................... 36

C. Suggestion .......................................................................... 36

BIBLIOGRAPHY ......................................................................................... 38


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APPENDICES .............................................................................................. 41


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LIST OF TABLES

Table 4.1 The Identification of Errors........................................................... 24

Table 4.2 The Frequency of Type of Error ................................................... 26

Table 4.3 The Percentage of Type of Error................................................... 27

Table 4.4 The Frequency Type of Error on the Use of Simple Present Tense 27

Table 4.5 The Frequency of Source of Error ................................................ 27

Table 4.6 The Frequency Source of Error on the Use of Simple Present Tense 28

Table 4.7 Addition Error of To be ................................................................ 28

Table 4.8 Omission Error .............................................................................. 29

Table 4.9 Omission Error of To be ............................................................... 30

Table 4.10 Misformation Error ..................................................................... 31

Table 4.11 Misformation Error of To be ....................................................... 31

Table 4.12 Misformation Error of Verb ........................................................ 32

Table 4.13 Source of Error ............................................................................ 32


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LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix 1 Text of Student 01 ..................................................................... 41









Appendix 10 Text of Student 20 ................................................................... 50



Appendix 13 Error Analysis of Student 01’s Text ........................................ 53












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