- for some or for all?...dec 03, 2008 · • human rights • demographics – populations are...
TRANSCRIPT
ECom-IComp Experts Address Series (2008-2009)ADC314, 3/F, Admiralty Learning Centre I
HKU SPACE Admiralty Centre, 18 Harcourt Road, H.K
3 December 20083 December 2008
e inclusivenesse-inclusiveness- for some or for all?
Peter Olaf LoomsPeter Olaf Looms
DRDRDRDR
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Who I am and what I doWho I am and what I do
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Who I am and what I do
• Danish• Danish• Born in England• Studied at Cambridge
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Who I am and what I do
W k 50% t DR D i h • Work 50% at DR, Danish Broadcasting Corporation
• Strategic projects
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Who I am and what I do
W k 50% t DR D i h • Work 50% at DR, Danish Broadcasting Corporation
• Strategic projectsOpen standards for metadata– Open standards for metadata-driven services like PVRs (personal video recorders)
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Who I am and what I do
W k 50% t DR D i h • Work 50% at DR, Danish Broadcasting Corporation
• Strategic projectsOpen standards for metadata– Open standards for metadata-driven services like PVRs (personal video recorders)
– Access services on digital TV in Europe
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Who I am and what I do
W k 50% t DR D i h • Work 50% at DR, Danish Broadcasting Corporation
• Strategic projectsOpen standards for metadata– Open standards for metadata-driven services like PVRs (personal video recorders)
– Access services on digital TV in Europe
–– Personal pocket media Personal pocket media R&D projectR&D project
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Who I am and what I do
• Teaching at academic institutions
• IT University of CopenhagenD i h T h i l U i it• Danish Technical University
• University of Hong Kong• Murdoch University, Perth, WA• UNITEC, Auckland, NZUNITEC, Auckland, NZ• INA, Paris, France
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Who I am and what I do
• Teaching at academic institutions
• IT University of CopenhagenD i h T h i l U i it• Danish Technical University
• University of Hong Kong• Murdoch University, Perth, WA• UNITEC, Auckland, NZUNITEC, Auckland, NZ• INA, Paris, France
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Who I am and what I do
• Independent consultant
• Branding & communications
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Who I am and what I do
• Independent consultant
• Media policy & strategy• FAS Ireland - Training &
Employment Board Employment Board (Media)
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Who I am and what I do
•• Independent consultantIndependent consultant
• Games developmentGames development•• Video On DemandVideo On Demand
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1. What is the problem?
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1. What is the problem?
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1. What is the problem?
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1. What is the problem?
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1. What is the problem?
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1. What is the problem? IT is not fully accessible to all
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1. What is the problem? Some need help
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1. What is the problem? IT offers new options...
THH
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1. What is the problem? But first, what do we mean by e-inclusiveness?
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1. What is the problem? e-inclusiveness ≈ accessibility
PracticalPractical UsefulnessUsefulness UsabilityUsability Easy to learnEasy to learnPracticalPracticalacceptabilityacceptability UsefulnessUsefulness
CostCost
UsabilityUsability Easy to learnEasy to learn
Easy to rememberEasy to remember
ProductProductacceptabilityacceptability
CompatibilityCompatibility
ReliabilityReliability
UtilityUtility Efficient to useEfficient to use
ErrorError--freefreeacceptabilityacceptability
EnjoyableEnjoyable AccessibilityAccessibility Fun to useFun to use
SocialSocialacceptabilityacceptability
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Source: Source: Simeon Keates & John Clarkson. Countering design exclusion Simeon Keates & John Clarkson. Countering design exclusion -- an introduction to inclusive design.an introduction to inclusive design.Page 52. Springer Verlag London (2004). [Based on Jakob Nielsen (1993] Page 52. Springer Verlag London (2004). [Based on Jakob Nielsen (1993]
1. What is the problem? e-inclusiveness ≈ accessibility
PracticalPractical UsefulnessUsefulness UsabilityUsability LocomotionLocomotionPracticalPracticalacceptabilityacceptability UsefulnessUsefulness
CostCost
UsabilityUsability LocomotionLocomotion
Reach /stretchReach /stretch
ProductProductacceptabilityacceptability
CompatibilityCompatibility
ReliabilityReliability
UtilityUtility DexterityDexterity
VisionVisionacceptabilityacceptability
EnjoyableEnjoyable AccessibilityAccessibility HearingHearing
SocialSocialacceptabilityacceptability
CommunicationCommunication
IntellectIntellectIntellectIntellect
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Source: Source: Simeon Keates & John Clarkson. Countering design exclusion Simeon Keates & John Clarkson. Countering design exclusion -- an introduction to inclusive design.an introduction to inclusive design.Page 52. Springer Verlag London (2004). [Based on Jakob Nielsen (1993] Page 52. Springer Verlag London (2004). [Based on Jakob Nielsen (1993]
E-inclusiveness ≠ Exclusion http://www.eng.cam.ac.uk/inclusivedesign/index.php?section=data&page=exclusion_calc
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E-inclusiveness ≠ Exclusion http://www.eng.cam.ac.uk/inclusivedesign/index.php?section=data&page=exclusion_calc
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Exclusion http://www.eng.cam.ac.uk/inclusivedesign/index.php?section=data&page=exclusion_calc
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Exclusion http://www.eng.cam.ac.uk/inclusivedesign/index.php?section=data&page=exclusion_calc
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Exclusion http://www.eng.cam.ac.uk/inclusivedesign/index.php?section=data&page=exclusion_calc
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Exclusion http://www.eng.cam.ac.uk/inclusivedesign/index.php?section=data&page=exclusion_calc
47 million in the 16+ age groupg g p
i.e. 2.7% of population
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Exclusion http://www.eng.cam.ac.uk/inclusivedesign/index.php?section=data&page=exclusion_calc
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Exclusion http://www.eng.cam.ac.uk/inclusivedesign/index.php?section=data&page=exclusion_calc
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Exclusion http://www.eng.cam.ac.uk/inclusivedesign/index.php?section=data&page=exclusion_calc
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Exclusion http://www.eng.cam.ac.uk/inclusivedesign/index.php?section=data&page=exclusion_calc
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Exclusion http://www.eng.cam.ac.uk/inclusivedesign/index.php?section=data&page=exclusion_calc
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Exclusion http://www.eng.cam.ac.uk/inclusivedesign/index.php?section=data&page=exclusion_calc
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Exclusion http://www.eng.cam.ac.uk/inclusivedesign/index.php?section=data&page=exclusion_calc
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Exclusion http://www.eng.cam.ac.uk/inclusivedesign/index.php?section=data&page=exclusion_calc
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Exclusion http://www.eng.cam.ac.uk/inclusivedesign/index.php?section=data&page=exclusion_calc
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Exclusion http://www.eng.cam.ac.uk/inclusivedesign/index.php?section=data&page=exclusion_calc
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Exclusion http://www.eng.cam.ac.uk/inclusivedesign/index.php?section=data&page=exclusion_calc
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Exclusion http://www.eng.cam.ac.uk/inclusivedesign/index.php?section=data&page=exclusion_calc
47 million in the 16+ age groupg g p
i.e. approx. 10% of population is excluded
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E-inclusiveness ≠ Exclusion Different definitions of capacity and impairment
f t t th tfrom one country to the next
USA UK17%
Hong Kong4%
19% 17%
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E-inclusiveness: the rationaleimpairment need not be equated with disability
• Human rightsImpairment: • Perception
C• Cognitive• Motion
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E-inclusiveness: the rationaleimpairment need not be equated with disability
• Human rightsImpairment: • Perception
C• Cognitive• MotionDisability:Disability:• Impairments that
manifest themselves h h d lib through deliberate or
inadvertant lack of support by others
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E-inclusiveness: the rationaleimpairment need not be equated with disability
• Human rights“recognizes and respects the right of persons with disabilities to benefit from measures designed to ensure their independence, social and occupation integration and participation in the life in the community.”
Article 26 of the Charter of Fundamental
Rights of the European Union.
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E-inclusiveness: the rationale
Assistive and Inclusive:• BBC offering subtitles on
100% of their television programmesprogrammes.
• Benefits the deaf and hard of hearing
AssistiveAssistive
I l iI l i46
InclusiveInclusive
E-inclusiveness: the rationale
Assistive and Inclusive:• Signing outside peak
viewing
AssistiveAssistive
I l iI l i47
InclusiveInclusive
E-inclusiveness: the rationale
Assistive:• Programmes for people
with impairments well away from prime timeaway from prime time.
ene
AssistiveAssistive
I l iI l iA programme about skiing for the blind
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InclusiveInclusive
E-inclusiveness: the rationale
• Human rights• Demographics
– Populations are aging”Baby boomers”– ”Baby boomers”
– Makes economic sense to ensure elderly are i d d t f l independent for as long as possible
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E-inclusiveness: the rationale
• Human rights• Demographics
– Populations are aging”Baby boomers”– ”Baby boomers”
– Makes economic sense to ensure elderly are i d d t f l independent for as long as possible
• The Business Case– Legal requirements– Corporate Social
Responsibilityespo s b ty– Costs & employees– Markets
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1. What is the problem? Conclusions
• There are a number of legal, ethical and economic reasons for working towards working towards e-inclusiveness
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2. How can we be more inclusive? The case of digital TV
1. What are the problems people have when accessing digital TV?
2 What are their causes?2. What are their causes?3. What options do we have
in the short and medium ?term?
4. What would it take to get widespread adoption ge desp ead adop oof access services?
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2. How can we be more inclusive? The case of digital TV
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Source: Calculations based on data from Grundy, E, Ahlberg D, Ali M, Breeze E, Sloggett A (1999). Disbility in Great Britain: results from the 1996/97 Disability Follow-up to the Family Resources Survey. Charlesworth Group, Huddersfield, UK.
The switch from analogue to digitalwill be largely complete in 2012
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The political vision of Digital TVafter analogue shut-off
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Our view of analogue shut-off
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2. How can we be more inclusive? The case of digital TV
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2. How can we be more inclusive? Stakeholders see things from their own perspective
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DRs problem:nogle af vores løsninger er på vej ud
Sunset solutions
mens nye alternativer er på vej frem
MPEG 2 solutions (DVB-T, DVB-S, DVB-C)
1st generationMPEG 2 solutions (DVB T, DVB S, DVB C)
MPEG 4 solutions (2nd generation DVB)2nd generation
Hybrid DVB + IP solutionsHybrid DVB + IP solutions
IPTV P2P IP B2H (?) l ti
602020 20251995 2000 2005 2010 2015
IPTV, P2P IP, B2H (?) solutions
Sunrise solutions
3. The options in the short to medium termAccess services and the platforms they are delivered onhave a finite life
MPEG 2 solutions (DVB-T, DVB-S, DVB-C)
1st generationMPEG 2 solutions (DVB T, DVB S, DVB C)
612013 20142008 2009 2010 2011 2012 62
63 64
65 66
67 68
69 70
3. The options in the short to medium termSome solutions are coming to the end of their useful lives.
Others are just emergingOthers are just emerging.
MPEG 2 solutions (DVB-T, DVB-S, DVB-C)
1st generationMPEG 2 solutions (DVB T, DVB S, DVB C)
Picture in picture (as part of picture or overlay)needs to be reconsidered
Great solution!But the servicecannot scale up
712013 20142008 2009 2010 2011 2012
3. The options in the short to medium termSome solutions are coming to the end of their useful lives.
Others are just emergingOthers are just emerging.
MPEG 2 solutions (DVB-T, DVB-S, DVB-C)
1st generationMPEG 2 solutions (DVB T, DVB S, DVB C)
Teletext is no longer appropriate on flat panel displaysneeds to be replaced by DVB subtitles/Digital Text & requires some kind of API
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needs to be replaced by DVB-subtitles/Digital Text & requires some kind of API
2013 20142008 2009 2010 2011 2012
3. The options in the short to medium termOthers are just emerging.
Ugly Ducking and Tiger Cub
Tiger Cub Ugly Duckling• Different• Cuddly and sweet at first
h
• Different• Disliked at first
f h d• Represents a threat when it grows up!
• Has a great future ahead!
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3. The options in the short to medium termMature services - how long is their useful life?
MPEG 2 solutions (DVB-T, DVB-S, DVB-C)
1st generationMPEG 2 solutions (DVB T, DVB S, DVB C)
Identify theobstacles totake-up of
Examples ofbest practice(how to be p
mature accessservices
(effective &efficient)
742020 20251995 2000 2005 2010 2015
3. The options in the short to medium termSpotting Ugly Ducklings for the medium term
MPEG 4 solutions (2nd generation DVB)2nd generation
Hybrid DVB + IP solutionsHybrid DVB + IP solutions
IPTV P2P IP B2H (?) l ti
752020 20251995 2000 2005 2010 2015
IPTV, P2P IP, B2H (?) solutions
3. The options in the short to medium termWhen do we switch?
762020 20251995 2000 2005 2010 2015
Mature services on 1st generation DTV2009: Pilots of services in 4 territories
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Proof-of-concept for emerging services2009: Validation work in three territories
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3. The options in the short to medium termSpotting Ugly Ducklings for the medium term
Three success criteria:
Documented value for end users
Support for technological solutionSupport for technological solution
Sustainable business model
All criteria need to be met
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4. Promoting e-inclusivenessMaturity model for each service
Production TV channel TV service Contribution Transmission Reception Use Viewer
TVreceiver
and decoder
Production of TV
programme Aggregationof
TVprogrammes
TVdisplaydevice
(vision +audio)
Production of access
service
programmes, access
services andmetadata
intoTV channel;
AggregationofTV
channelsintoTV
Contributionof service totransmission
network
Distributionof service viatransmission
network
Access services
audio)
RemoteControlDevice
Production of
metadata
TV channel;playoutof TV
channel
TVservice
Informationabout TV
andaccess
iservices
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4. Promoting e-inclusivenessInterviews with each of the stakeholders
Production TV channel TV service Contribution Transmission Reception Use Viewer
TVreceiver
and decoder
Production of TV
programme Aggregationof
TVprogrammes
TVdisplaydevice
(vision +audio)
Production of access
service
programmes, access
services andmetadata
intoTV channel;
AggregationofTV
channelsintoTV
Contributionof service totransmission
network
Distributionof service viatransmission
network
Access services
audio)
RemoteControlDevice
Production of
metadata
TV channel;playoutof TV
channel
TVservice
Informationabout TV
andaccess
iservices
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4. Promoting e-inclusiveness Identify areas of consensus
Production TV channel TV service Contribution Transmission Reception Use Viewer
TVreceiver
and decoder
Production of TV
programme Aggregationof
TVprogrammes
TVdisplaydevice
(vision +audio)
Production of access
service
programmes, access
services andmetadata
intoTV channel;
AggregationofTV
channelsintoTV
Contributionof service totransmission
network
Distributionof service viatransmission
network
Access services
audio)
RemoteControlDevice
Production of
metadata
TV channel;playoutof TV
channel
TVservice
Informationabout TV
andaccess
iservices
82
4. Promoting e-inclusiveness Identify areas of good practice
Production TV channel TV service Contribution Transmission Reception Use Viewer
TVreceiver
and decoder
Production of TV
programme Aggregationof
TVprogrammes
TVdisplaydevice
(vision +audio)
Production of access
service
programmes, access
services andmetadata
intoTV channel;
AggregationofTV
channelsintoTV
Contributionof service totransmission
network
Distributionof service viatransmission
network
Access services
audio)
RemoteControlDevice
Production of
metadata
TV channel;playoutof TV
channel
TVservice
Informationabout TV
andaccess
iservices
83
4. Promoting e-inclusiveness Which issues have to be addressed when?
Production TV channel TV service Contribution Transmission Reception Use Viewer
TVreceiver
and decoder
Production of TV
programme Aggregationof
TVprogrammes
TVdisplaydevice
(vision +audio)
Production of access
service
programmes, access
services andmetadata
intoTV channel;
AggregationofTV
channelsintoTV
Contributionof service totransmission
network
Distributionof service viatransmission
network
Access services
audio)
RemoteControlDevice
Production of
metadata
TV channel;playoutof TV
channel
TVservice
Informationabout TV
andaccess
iservices
84
4. Promoting e-inclusiveness A generic maturity model
Production TV channel TV service Contribution Transmission Reception Use Viewer
TVreceiver
and decoder
Production of TV
programme Aggregationof
TVprogrammes
TVdisplaydevice
(vision +audio)
Production of access
service
programmes, access
services andmetadata
intoTV channel;
AggregationofTV
channelsintoTV
Contributionof service totransmission
network
Distributionof service viatransmission
network
Access services
audio)
RemoteControlDevice
Production of
metadata
TV channel;playoutof TV
channel
TVservice
Informationabout TV
andaccess
iservices
85
4. Promoting e-inclusiveness problems > causes > options > implications of each
Production TV channel TV service Contribution Transmission Reception Use Viewer
TVreceiver
and decoder
Production of TV
programme Aggregationof
TVprogrammes
TVdisplaydevice
(vision +audio)
Production of access
service
programmes, access
services andmetadata
intoTV channel;
AggregationofTV
channelsintoTV
Contributionof service totransmission
network
Distributionof service viatransmission
network
Access services
audio)
RemoteControlDevice
Production of
metadata
TV channel;playoutof TV
channel
TVservice
Informationabout TV
andaccess
iservices
86
4. Promoting e-inclusiveness
Production TV channel TV service Contribution Transmission Reception Use Viewer
TVreceiver
and decoder
Production of TV
programme Aggregationof
TVprogrammes
TVdisplaydevice
(vision +audio)
Production of access
service
programmes, access
services andmetadata
intoTV channel;
AggregationofTV
channelsintoTV
Contributionof service totransmission
network
Distributionof service viatransmission
network
Access services
audio)
RemoteControlDevice
Production of
metadata
TV channel;playoutof TV
channel
TVservice
Informationabout TV
andaccess
iservices
87
4. Promoting e-inclusiveness
Production TV channel TV service Contribution Transmission Reception Use Viewer
TVreceiver
and decoder
Production of TV
programme Aggregationof
TVprogrammes
TVdisplaydevice
(vision +audio)
Production of access
service
programmes, access
services andmetadata
intoTV channel;
AggregationofTV
channelsintoTV
Contributionof service totransmission
network
Distributionof service viatransmission
network
Access services
audio)
RemoteControlDevice
Production of
metadata
TV channel;playoutof TV
channel
TVservice
Informationabout TV
andaccess
iservices
88
4. Promoting e-inclusiveness
Production TV channel TV service Contribution Transmission Reception Use Viewer
TVreceiver
and decoder
Production of TV
programme Aggregationof
TVprogrammes
TVdisplaydevice
(vision +audio)
Production of access
service
programmes, access
services andmetadata
intoTV channel;
AggregationofTV
channelsintoTV
Contributionof service totransmission
network
Distributionof service viatransmission
network
Access services
audio)
RemoteControlDevice
Production of
metadata
TV channel;playoutof TV
channel
TVservice
Informationabout TV
andaccess
iservices
89
4. Promoting e-inclusiveness
Production TV channel TV service Contribution Transmission Reception Use Viewer
TVreceiver
and decoder
Production of TV
programme Aggregationof
TVprogrammes
TVdisplaydevice
(vision +audio)
Production of access
service
programmes, access
services andmetadata
intoTV channel;
AggregationofTV
channelsintoTV
Contributionof service totransmission
network
Distributionof service viatransmission
network
Access services
audio)
RemoteControlDevice
Production of
metadata
TV channel;playoutof TV
channel
TVservice
Informationabout TV
andaccess
iservices
90
4. Promoting e-inclusiveness
Production TV channel TV service Contribution Transmission Reception Use Viewer
TVreceiver
and decoder
Production of TV
programme Aggregationof
TVprogrammes
TVdisplaydevice
(vision +audio)
Production of access
service
programmes, access
services andmetadata
intoTV channel;
AggregationofTV
channelsintoTV
Contributionof service totransmission
network
Distributionof service viatransmission
network
Access services
audio)
RemoteControlDevice
Production of
metadata
TV channel;playoutof TV
channel
TVservice
Informationabout TV
andaccess
iservices
91
4. Promoting e-inclusiveness
Production TV channel TV service Contribution Transmission Reception Use Viewer
TVreceiver
and decoder
Production of TV
programme Aggregationof
TVprogrammes
TVdisplaydevice
(vision +audio)
Production of access
service
programmes, access
services andmetadata
intoTV channel;
AggregationofTV
channelsintoTV
Contributionof service totransmission
network
Distributionof service viatransmission
network
Access services
audio)
RemoteControlDevice
Production of
metadata
TV channel;playoutof TV
channel
TVservice
Informationabout TV
andaccess
iservices
92
4. Promoting e-inclusiveness
Production TV channel TV service Contribution Transmission Reception Use Viewer
TVreceiver
and decoder
Production of TV
programme Aggregationof
TVprogrammes
TVdisplaydevice
(vision +audio)
Production of access
service
programmes, access
services andmetadata
intoTV channel;
AggregationofTV
channelsintoTV
Contributionof service totransmission
network
Distributionof service viatransmission
network
Access services
audio)
RemoteControlDevice
Production of
metadata
TV channel;playoutof TV
channel
TVservice
Informationabout TV
andaccess
iservices
93
4. Promoting e-inclusiveness About the consortium
•Brunel RBB•Brunel•DR
RBBRed Bee Media •DR
•IRTRed Bee Media TVC
•RAI UAB
94
4. Promoting e-inclusiveness
ITU W3CITU W3C
95
4. Promoting e-inclusiveness
96
4. Promoting e-inclusiveness
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4. Promoting e-inclusiveness
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4. Promoting e-inclusiveness
ITU W3CITU W3C
99
World Wide Web: W3C Accessibility Initiative
•Web Standards from the W3C:
•Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI)•http://www.w3.org/WAI/•••Recent developments in speech synthesis:•Speech Synthesis Markup Language (SSML) Version 1.1•http://www w3 org/TR/2008/CR-speech-synthesis11-20081107/•http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/CR speech synthesis11 20081107/
•Recent developments in speech recognition:•Pronunciation Lexicon Specification (PLS) Version 1.0p ( )•W3C Recommendation 14 October 2008•http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/REC-pronunciation-lexicon-20081014/
100
Worst case scenario for access services on 1st and 2nd generation digital TV!
101
Thank you!
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Contact particulars
P t Ol f LPeter Olaf LoomsDR, Danish Broadcasting CorporationDR MediaStrategy & ProjectsDR-ByenEmil Holms Kanal 20DK-0999 Copenhagen CDENMARK
E: [email protected] , [email protected]: +45 51 56 75 46D: +45 35 20 83 66D: +45 35 20 83 66
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