◦ IN THIS CORNER…….IN THIS CORNER…….William Howard Taft- William Howard Taft-

◦Republican GOP incumbent.Republican GOP incumbent.Woodrow Wilson- Woodrow Wilson-

◦DemocratDemocrat Theodore Roosevelt- Theodore Roosevelt-

◦Progressive Party aka BULL MOOSEProgressive Party aka BULL MOOSEEugene DebsEugene Debs

◦SocialistSocialist

Roosevelt and Taft◦ Former friends◦ Taft replaced Roosevelt after 2nd term◦ Bigger reformer than Roosevelt◦ Roosevelt thought Taft was soft on regulation

and didn’t live up to Progressive Ideas Wilson becomes President

◦ Roosevelt & Taft spilt republican vote

Civil Rights….You’re on your own!

Emancipation Proclamation-◦ Freed Slaves in the Southern (disobedient) States.◦ Sharecropper

Transfer from slave to “worker” Tennant, seed, food, cash. Very high interest rates, low wages, no legal

protection◦ Poll Tax

Tax to vote Blacks & other minorities couldn’t afford it.

Grandfather Clause Exemption to poll tax if your grandfather didn’t

have to pay prior to Civil War

◦ 13th Amendment Abolished Slavery

◦ 14th Amendment Defines Citizenship, due Process, Protects rights of

Citizens◦ 15th Amendment

Voting rights for all citizens (race)◦ Segregation

Races separated in many aspects of society

Plessy v.s. Ferguson (1896)◦ Supreme Court established legal segregation “separate

but equal” Started in rail road, spread to all aspects of public life

especially in the SOUTH.◦ “Separate but Equal” enforced in the south by Jim

Crow Laws and the Klan◦ Ku Klux Klan- 1867

Nathan Forrest- 1st Grand Wizard Made up of mostly Confederate soldiers Terrorist Organization

Ida B. Well- Launched a series of attacks on lynching. Efforts created anti-lynching legislation, however, authorities in south rarely enforced laws.

W.E.B DuBois- Founded the NAACP, promoted education (Key to social& political equality).

Booker T. Washington- African Americans’ could gain equality through economics

Segregation stood stagnant through ◦ WWI 1914-1919◦ Prohibition 1920-1933◦ Depression 1929-1941◦ WWII 1941-1945◦ Red Scare. 1944-1954

◦ To be Continued 1954 Brown v.s. Board of Education

Place the statements below into chronological orderCorporations

use trusts to continue monopolies over industry

Govt. passes the Sherman-Anti-Trust Act, making trusts, illegal

Corporations formed holding companies to go around the Sherman Anti Trust Act

Federal Courts could not enforce the Sherman-Anti Trust Act, stating it was too general

• Corporations formed holding companies to go around the Sherman Anti Trust Act

• Corporations use trusts to continue monopolies over industry

• Federal Courts could not enforce the Sherman-Anti Trust Act, stating it was too general

• Govt. passes the Sherman-Anti-Trust Act, making trusts, illegal

Turn in your charts and political cartoon….◦ Make sure your name and class period is on the

top◦ -20 pts for each

1. Although the nation was in an industrial boom via improved transportation, Farmers were plagued with several issues. Name at least two SPECIFIC issues discussed in the reading.

2. What was the purpose of the Grange cooperative?3. Which of the following was not an issue raised by

the Populist partya. Unlimited coinage of silverb. A graduated income taxc. More tariffs on foreign exportsd. Government ownership of railroads

4. Who was the radical Populist who ran for president in 1896?

a. Ben Tillmanb. William Jennings Bryanc. Jerry Simpsond. William McKinley

Increase farmers political power

Influence legislation Problems

◦ Declining prices◦ High interest rates◦ Economic depression◦ Bad crops◦ Land speculation◦ Unstable markets

Responded◦ Blamed banks & RR◦ Formed cooperatives◦ Organized for political

action

New farming techniques, new technology = more crops = price drops

Insane shipping and storage rates regulated by rail road companies

Insects, drought, floods, tornadoes. One bad crop year could ruin a family for a decade.

Borrowed to buy machines, seed, or general improvement. Used farm as collateral.

More money in circulation+

No rise is GNP=

Decline in money value=

Prices of goods go up!M

oney in circulation

Price of goods go up!

GNP

Value of $$$$$

US prints tons of money and puts it in circulation

More in circulation means the value of money drops

Means your dollar is worth less

$$$$

Dolla

r has

less

buying

pow

er

Less money in circulation

= Rise of the value in Money

= Prices go down M

on

ey i

n c

ircu

lati

on

Val

ue

of

$$$$

$

Pric

e of

goo

ds g

o do

wn

US limits money in circulation

Less in circulation means the value of money rises

Means your dollar is worth more

$

Dolla

r has

mor

e

buying

pow

er

Corporate buyout of farm

20

•Farmer’s Union founded by Oliver Kelly (MN)

What?

•Cooperative movement - farmers pooled their money to make shared purchases of machinery, supplies, insurance, etc.

•Worked for pro-farmer laws

•Ex. Interstate Commerce Act - regulated rates of railroads

How?

Importance Key Players Effect

Importance Key Players Effect

• Supreme court prohibited states from regulating railroad prices

• Railroads,• supreme court,• state of Illinois

• Supreme court position changes,

• States could NOT regulate railroad.

• US Govt COULD

• Congress passed the Interstate Commerce Act

Importance Key Players Effect

• The act created Interstate Commerce Commission• the federal

governments power to investigate and oversee railroad activities.

CongressSupreme Court

• Established the principle of federal regulation of interstate transportation.

• Regulatory Commissions to determine good or bad trusts.

• Private businesses must be minor to public good.

“What you farmers need to do is raise less corn and more Hell!” Mary Elizabeth Lease (1890) Populist Organizer

Political Party that was in support of Farmers and their rights.

End protective tariffs Regulation on railroads Direct election of senators Silver as monetary base

Populism died ◦ as support for gold outweighed silver. ◦ Population shift from rural to urban areas

26

Why?

•Populists believed that this would solve nearly all of the farmer’s problems

•They wanted to use both silver and gold coins, thus increasing the amount of money in the country

What?

•All money would be worth less, a situation that was bad for creditors (big banks) and good for debtors (farmers)

27

William Jennings Bryan

•Ran as a Populist President in 1896 on platform of Free Silver

Supported Farmers & the Coinage of Silver

•Big business opposes his run, Republicans win the white house, & Populists fade away

28

• Written by Active Populist L. Frank Baum

•Most things in the book represent something important to the populist movement

29

Basic Symbols:

Ruby Slippers

- In the book, were actually “Silver Slippers” (magic of Free Silver)Yellow Brick

Road- “Gold” many dangers for regular people (like Dorothy)

Oz - Abbreviation for Ounce (way gold is measured)

30

Characters:

Dorothy - Everyman

Scarecrow - Farmers

Tin Man - Industrial Workers

31

Characters:

Lion - William Jennings Byran

(a pacifist)

Toto Temperance Activists

(allies of the Populists)

Wizard - President of the United

States

32

Places:

Emerald City - Washington D.C. (in the book, the color came from Green Glasses that everyone wore, a trick)

Good Witches of

North & South

- Directions where Populists had friends (Midwest and South)