: 3000

09-15-03

: :

2009 12

2009 12

2-02361 (97.4.23)

(142-728) (4.19 275)

() 900-4300 () 901-2576 () 901-2544

http://www.kinu.or.kr

(02-2275-5326)

10,000

, 2009

.() : : 734-6818 : 394-0337

(CIP)

/ , , , , , []. : , 2009 p. ; cm. ( ; 09-15-03) ISBN 978-89-8479-522-8 93340 : 10,000 [] [] []322.83-KDC4338.91-DDC21 CIP2009004198

: 3000

1.

09-15-01 : 3000

()

09-15-02

09-15-03

09-15-04

09-15-05

09-15-06

2.

( )

()

( )

()

()

()

()

()

()

()

( )

, , , , , ,

1 / 1

2

01 l 6

02 l ODA

. ODA 7

. ODA 10

. 18

03 l ODA

. :

20

.

23

. ODA

24

04 l

. 26

. 31

. 33

. 34

05 l 36

3

01 l 40

C o n t e n t s

02 l

. 44

. , 48

.

53

. (project cycle)

57

03 l (project cycle)

. 64

.

68

. PCM(Project Cycle Management)

70

. :

74

04 l 80

4

01 l 86

02 l . 87. 93

. ODA

96

. 100

03 l , . 101. 104

. 105

. 112

04 l . 116.

118

. 119

. 120

.

122

.

123

5

01 l 126

02 l . UN 128. 131

.

133

. 136

03 l 139

04 l . 144

. 145

. 147

.

(good governance) 148

.

149

.

150

. 150

6 3000

01 l 154

02 l 3000

. 158

.

161

. 166

03 l 3000

. 168

. 169

. 171

04 l 196

7

01 l 200

02 l . 202. 208

. 209

. :

211

03 l 215

04 l : . 218. 219

. 223

05 l . 224. 225

. 227

. 229

06 l 233

8 / 235

ODA 239

ODA 242

1(CRS Form 1) 243

2(CRS Form 2) 245

/ 247

/ 255

DAC 11

ODA 15

ODA ( ) 17

2008 18

ODA GNI 20

22

ODA 25

() 27

() 28

29

() 30

() 32

() 34

() 35

47

48

-5, 12 55

IDA CPIA 57

62

OECD/DAC 63

69

PDM 73

, () 77

78

/ () 80

MDGs , ,

92

: 5 94

5 12 95

OCED DAC 5 97

103

IFAD 107

IFAD 110

3000 5 20 154

1 173

174

1 174

2009 178

178

179

- 180

183

184

184

185

188

189

190

191

192

214

( ) 16

51

52

53

64

PCM 71

Project Design Matrix 72

75

76

124

J-Curve 206

1-

1

2

1995 15

.

.

.

,

.

. 2006 2009

. .

.

,

.

, .

,

,

. (donor fatigue)

.

1-

3

,

,

.

.

, 10 1 3,000

.

.

. ,

.

.

.

.

. 2

, , ,

.

.

3

, .

. 4

.

.

5

.

,

4

. 6 3000

. 7

,

.

1-

5

2

6

1.

. ,

, ,

. ,

,

.

,

.

ODA (DAC)

(WP-STAT) 1968

. DAC

,

.1) ,

ODA ,

.

, ,

.

1) , 2008 OECD DAC (: , 2009), p. 1.

2-

7

.

.

.

2 ODA

. 3

. 4

. 5

.

2. ODA

. ODA

(1) DAC

1960 (DAG)

. 1961

(OEEC) OECD , DAG OECD DAC

.

, 1968 DAC

.

OECD

.

DAC .

2000 5

8

(DAC Statistical Reporting

Directives, ) DAC

.2) 2006 6

(, CRS++)

.

.

DAC

. DAC

,

. DAC

( )

.

DAC DAC 4~5

(Peer Review) ,

.

,

. (Development Co-operation

Report) (Geographical Distribution

of the Financial Flows to Developing Countries)

, 1998 .

. DAC

ODA

OECD .

2) OECD DCD/DAC, DAC Statistical Reporting Directives (Paris: OECD, Apr. 2007).

2-

9

ODA ,

.

,

.

.

. DAC .

(2) CRS

(CRS) 1967 OECD (World Bank)

.3)

.

(CRS Aid Activity Database)

, ,

. DAC CRS

,

.

CRS DAC ,

. CRS DAC

. SOC, SOC

DAC ,

CRS . CRS DAC

.

CRS (structure)

3) OECD DCD/DAC, Reporting Directives for the Creditor Reporting System (Paris: OECD, Sep. 2007), p. 5.

10

.

,

,

. ODA ,

, , (),

, .

CRS . CRS

(DRS) ()

.

CRS DRS , DAC

ODA

DAC .4) ODA

() CRS

.

DAC .

. OECD

.

. ODA

(1) ODA

()

DAC ODA , DAC

22 5) 8 2(

) .

4) , (: , 2008), p. 33 .

5) 2010 DAC , 2008 3 (Peer Review) , , KOICA, NGO , . MOFAT, Development Co-Operation of the Republic of Korea-DAC Special Review (Seoul: MOFAT, 2008. 8), p. 6.

2-

11

(Development Cooperation Report),

(Geographical Distribution of the Financial Flows to Developing

Countries) ,

.

DAC ,

.

,

. .

DAC

ODA

()

, ,

OOF

( )

DAC (), () DAC

, NGO

.

ODA

.6)

.

25% ODA .

ODA

6) ODA , (: , 2008), pp. 10~12 .

12

.

() (DAC List)

ODA DAC .

ODA .

1 , 1993

Part Part

(ODA) (OA) . Part

5 , (LLDCs),

(other LICs), (LMICs), (UMICs), (HICs)

. 9,360 Part

Part

.7) ODA

.

, 2006 ODA (LDCs), (OLICs),

(LMICs), (UMICs)

.8) ,

ODA .

()

ODA

. .9)

.

(IMF),

.

7) , ODA() (2003 ), pp. 7~8 .

8) (OLICs) 2007 1 GNI 935 , (LMICs) 936~3,705 , (UMICs) 3,706~11,455 . , 2008 KOICA (: , 2009), p. 145.

9) , , .

2-

13

SOC10), SOC

11),

12),

13),

, NGO , 14) .

, , , , ,

. ,

, , , .

() (CRS Purpose Code)

CRS , ,

. CRS

, ,

.

.

,

.

DAC

. CRS

. , DAC

, CRS (

)

.

CRS .

.

.

.

.

10) , , , , ,

11) , , ,

12) , ,

13) , ,

14) , ,

14

.

ODA (Commitment)15) (Disbursemen

t)16) , 1(Form 1) 2(Form 2)

.17)

(2) ODA : 18)

() ODA

(emerging donor)

ODA . 1991 1.1

2006 4.55 2007 6.99

48.6% .19)

ODA (ODA/GNI) 2007 0.07%

DAC 2007 ODA/GNI 0.28%

. 13 ,

.

.

15) (commitment) . . OECD DCD/DAC, Reporting Directives for the Creditor Reporting System, Sep. 2007, p. 11 .

16) (disbursement) , .

17) 1 2 , , .

18) OECD , , 10 , , . OECD, Development Co-Operation Report 2009, p. 137. OECD/DAC .

19) ( 2009.11.05)

2-

15

ODA

(: )

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

ODA 182.7 317.5 212.1 264.7 278.8 365.9 423.3 752.3 455.3 699.1

124.7 131.4 131.2 174.5 206.8 245.2 330.8 463.3 376.1 493.5

- 37.2 39.0 47.8 53.0 66.7 145.5 212.1 318.0 259.0 361.3

- 87.5 92.4 83.4 118.6 140.1 99.7 118.7 145.3 117.1 132.2

58.0 186.1 80.9 93.1 72.0 120.7 82.6 289.0 79.2 205.6

ODA/GNI

(%)0.05 0.07 0.04 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.10 0.05 0.07

* : OECD, International Development Statistics Online DB

ODA ,

1998 . 2005 ,

,

. 2006

.

1 , 2005

(IDB) , (IDA)

289.0 . 2006

, 2007

159.6%

.

() : 20)

, 2002 .

2003 ,

20) , ODA , (2009 11 5 ) .

16

, .

ODA

ODA

.

( )

* : OECD, International Development Statistics Online DB

() : ODA

ODA SOC( ),

SOC( ), , , ,

.

ODA SOC SOC

.

.

, MDG

, (human security) ,

.21)

21) , (: , 2008), p. 140.

2-

17

ODA ( )

ODA () ODA (%)

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

SOC 136.7 214.3 398.0 403.1 416.0 43.2 65.0 60.5 59.7 39.4

SOC 108.9 113.1 138.1 171.0 402.9 34.4 23.4 21.0 25.3 38.1

38.3 18.8 50.3 33.5 124.3 12.1 3.9 7.6 5.0 11.8

2.99 12.9 36.9 24.6 35.5 0.9 2.7 5.6 3.6 3.4

13.0 17.5 19.4 25.3 31.5 4.1 3.6 2.9 3.7 3.0

NGO 6.6 1.8 4.5 5.3 6.6 2.1 0.4 0.7 0.8 0.6

10.1 5.1 10.6 12.7 39.4 3.2 1.0 1.6 1.9 3.7

316.6 483.5 657.8 675.5 1,056.2 100 100 100 100 100

* : OECD, International Development Statistics Online DB

()

CRS , ,

.

. .22)

ODA

,

.

.

22) , 2008 KOICA , pp. 112~114 .

18

DAC

CRS

()

CIS

/ 56/21 16 18 11 5 6 21

305,541 121,329 60,576 35,517 17,332 18,030 27,111 25,647

111

11110

3,040 1,012 831 439 201 557

11120

6,161 3,031 595 670 1,865

11130 3,930 2,826 1,000 105

11182 82 24 34 24

11211220 8,550 3,034 3,355 1,323 65 355 418

11230 195 195

11311320 7,189 4,599 539 303 168 1,581

11330 13,986 5,094 3,387 955 4,342 208

114

11420 , 7,751 3,254 2,251 1,850 98 298

11430,

4,734 2,240 1,223 743 200 328

2008

(: )

* : DAC OECD, THE LIST OF CRS PURPOSE CODES; CRS , 2008 KOICA , p. 112.

.

DAC ODA

. ODA ,

. DAC ODA

. DAC ODA

.

.

2-

19

,

.

.

.

.

, DAC , ,

.

,

.

.

DAC , CRS (31161)

.

,

. DAC

. (, ,

, )

.

,

. , , ,

.

,

.

, ,

.

CRS

20

.

, ODA .

,

ODA ,

. GNI

2007

ODA GNI 0.12%

. DAC 2007 GNI 0.28%

,

.23)

ODA GNI

(:)

05 06 07

ODA 752.3 455.3 699.1

0.10 0.05 0.07 ODA/GNI(%)

135.8 227.4 208.9

0.02 0.02 0.02 ODA/GNI(%)

()

308.4 367.3

0.04 0.03 ODA/GNI(%)

* 2006 7 10 .

3. ODA

. :

.

23) ODA . OECD, Development Co-Operation Report 2009, (Paris: OECD, 2009), p. 141. Notes 4. .

2-

21

.24) 1995

.

,

.25)

.

( ) .

5 .26)

5

.

. 2

. CRS ,

, , .

.

24) 2008 , , , , , . , 2008 (: , 2008), pp. 217~227 .

25) 2006 12 , , , , . 2009 9 3 , , .

26) 2() .

22

4 ,

.

(framework)

.27)

. , ,

.28)

.

,

.

00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08

* : 2000 .

27) (humanitarian assistance) . , , ( , 2009 9 21), p. 54.

28) 2000 , 2002~3 , 2004~5 . 2006~7 , 2008 .

2-

23

.

, , .

, .

.

. ,

.

, . 2004~5

2006~7 ,

.

,

. 2004

, . 2006

. ,

.

, .

,

. ODA

.

.

, (consensus)

.

.

.

,

24

.

.

, , ,

. (sum)

.

.

.

. ODA

ODA

. 2008 (note)

.29)

ODA 2007 7 (GNI)

ODA 0.07% . OECD DAC ODA

/GNI 0.28% .

ODA 30) ODA/GNI

0.12% ,

. ,

.31) ODA

ODA

.

29) OECD (123), (5), (131), (70), (2), (227) . OECD, Development Co-Operation Report 2009, p. 141.

30) 2008 3 DAC ODA , ODA (type), (amount) Special Review (note) .

31) 3 .

2-

25

.

, DAC ODA ,

.

(peer review)

(untied) .

,

.32)

.

, WTO

.

,

.

ODA

.

ODA

ODA

- ODA

-

-

-

- ODA

- ODA

32) , , , 8 1 (, 2009), pp. 161~176 .

26

4.

.

(1) DAC

33)

,

.

.

() ()

.

(DAC Statistical Reporting Directives) ODA

. ,

,

.

.

.

,

.34)

, 2009

()

.

33) . DAC .

34) . , . OECD DCD/DAC, Reporting Directives for the Creditor Reporting System (Paris: OECD, Sep. 2007), p. 112 .

2-

27

()

()

SOC

SOC

NGO

()

(WFP, WHO, UNICEF )

(2) CRS

OECD DAC , ,

(CRS)

.

,

. CRS

.

,

. ,

(52000)

. 2008

.35)

28

()

(DAC) CRS

31150 , ,

52000 /

()

/

72010 , , ,

72040

73010 -, ,

NGO 92010 NGO NGO

* : OECD DAC, THE LIST OF CRS PURPOSE CODES.

(3)

.

DAC ODA

CRS . DAC

36)

, , , , ,

37)

. 1

, 071, 130 .

1 071 130

.

.

35) Ibid, p. 141.

36) DAC OECD DCD/DAC, Reporting Directives for the Creditor Reporting System, Sep. 2007, 3, pp. 82~86 .

37) ODA Ibid, 4. pp. 87~90 .

2-

29

,

.

. .

.

.

/

01

110

120

130

02

210

220

230

03

310

320

330

04

410

420

430

05

510

520

530

(4)

( ) (

) .38)

, ,

30

.

,

, ,

, .

, ,

, .

, , ,

.

DAC

,

.

()

(ODA)

NGO

UN

(Economic

Cooperation)

* : , : , NGO (2005 ), p. 162; , , , 3 1 ( , 2007), p. 115. .

38) , 2008 (: , 2008), p. 9 .

2-

31

.

.

,

2007

.39)

, , .40)

.

,41)

.42)

.

.

,

.

3 ODA ,

.

.

.

39) , 2008 , p. 196. 40) 3 .41) 2 4 ,

( ) , .

42) NGO , , , , , , , , . , , 2008 , pp. 196~197 .

32

.

,

, , ,

.

. ,

, .

()

(DAC) CRS ()

SOC

11000 ,

11120

NGO12000

, 12250

NGO

31100 , 31120

31163 ,

31320 ,

NGO72000 ,

,

,

72010

72010

NGO

* NGO: NGO .** : .

2-

33

.

1990

1995 .

1995

.

WFP, WHO

UNICEF,

.

,

.

.43)

.

,

.

,

, , .

.

,

.

(WFP) (WHO, UNICEF) .

43) -- . (MOU) .

34

()

(DAC) CRS

SOC

WHO 12100

UNICEF 12100

IVI 12181

WHO 12250 ,

WFP70000

72000 , ,

WMO 91000

.

1995 . 1999

. 2000 ,

,

.

,

5:5 .44)

ODA

, .

,

.

.

, , ,

.45) , ,

44) 2007 7():3() , 2008 5:5 .

2-

35

(DAC)

CRS

11100

11120

12100 ,

12181

12250 ,

14000 ,

14020 , -

31150 , ,

31161 , ,

31195

31220 ,

30381

,46)

.

, ,

.

. , . ODA

NGO .

. ,

.

,

.

()

45) 2000 7 (7 ) 33.8 2008 37 (40 ) 107.6 . 2005 5 50 2008 18.8 . , 2007 4 33.6 2008 4 33.6 . , 2008 , pp. 51~63 .

46) , 2009 (: , 2009), pp. 136~140 .

36

72000 ,

72040 ,

73010 , ,

5.

.

.

,

, ,

.

, ,

,

.

.

.

, . , ,

,

.

.

ODA , ODA

.47)

.

2-

37

, .

,

.

.

, .

,

.

.

.

, .

,

.

47) , , . DAC CRS OECD .

2-

39

3

40

1.

(transparency)48)

.

( )

,

(recipient states)

.

, .

.

1990 (capacity)

(development & building) ,

(ownership) ,

(partnership) (policy dialogue)

48) . , , . 1998 1 5 ( ) , , . , 1998 1 21.

(Transparency International) 1995 (CPI: Corruption Perceptions Index) , (BPI: Bribe Payers Perceptions Index) (GCB: Global Corruption Barometer) . . , . , ODA , ODA ? ( 2008 , 2008), pp. 28~33 .

3-

41

(participatory process) .49)

(monitoring) (evaluation)

,

.

. ,

,

. , (Pearson Report)50)

9.11

,

.

,

, ,

.51)

49) (Highly Indebted and Poor Countries: HIPCs) (Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper: PRSP) . .

50) (Pearson Report) World Bank 1968 8 1969 . (Parterers in Development) 68 , 1957 1980 ( ) GNP 0.7% . 2%

. 2 . World Bank, Information and Communications for Development 2009: Extending Reach and Increasing Impact (Washington D.C.: World

Bank, 2009), pp. 11~19.; World bank, World Development Report, 2006: Equity and Development Overview (Washington, D.C.: International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/World Bank, 2006), pp. 9~17.; World Bank IEG, Engaging with Fragile States: An IEG Review of World Bank Support to Low Income Countries Under Stress (Washington D.C.: World Bank, 2006), pp. 21~23. Available at: .

51) , , , . , (: , 2008), pp. 11~12 .

42

. (project and program aid),

(technical cooperation), (budget support), (debt relief),

(food aid), (emergency and distress relief),

(aid programming), NGO

.

.

. .

,

(recipient states)

,

. ,

.52)

,

.

.

.

.53)

2005

. 90 OECD, World Bank, IMF

52) Steven Radalet, A Primer on Foreign Aid, Center for Global Development Working Paper, No. 92. (July 2006), p. 7.

53) Dambisa Moyo. . . Bono . 60 3 . 1970 10% 70% 2 . , . 5 . Dambisa Moyo, Dead Aid: Why aid is not working and how there is another way for Africa? (London: Allen Lane, 2009), pp. 11~19.

3-

43

, NGO

.54)

,

,

.

.

: (ownership), (capacity development),

(alignment)

(harmonization)

(managing for results) (mutual accountability)

,

(transparency)

.

(participatory approach)

,

(project cycle)

.

.

54) (Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness: Ownership, Harmonization, Alignment, Results and Mutual Accountability, 2005). , , pp. 51~54.

44

.

(project cycle)

,

.

2.

.

(anti-corruption) (transparency)

. (transparency), (accountability), (integrity)

(Transparency International, TI)

(Global Corruption

Barometer, GCB) ,

.55)

TI ( )

(Corruption Perceptions Index, CPI) ( )

(Bribe Payers Index, BPI)

.56)

55) GCB , . , , TI Gallop International . .

56) (CPI: Corruption Perception Index) 1995 TI , , . CPI 10 2009 5.5(39/180) . 7 , 3 . , 2009 11 18 . 7 , 3 . (BPI: Bribe Payers Index) , , . CPI , BPI , 2006 5.83 (21/30). .

3-

45

.

. 2

.

.

1970 IMF

.

1989

(Sub-Saharan Africa: From Crisis to Sustainable

Growth)

.57)

. 1997 OECD

1998 (Principals for Managing Ethics in the

Public Service) ,58) UN 2005 UN(United Nations

Convention Against Corruption, UNCAC) .59)

57) OECD, OECD Working Papers: OECD Symposium of Corruption and Good Governance, (2003), p. 9. .

58) OECD (the Public Management Committee) 1998 5 12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . OECD, Principles for Managing Ethics in the Public Service: OECD Recomandation, PUMA Policy Brief No. 4 (May 1998) .

59) UN 2005 12 . , 141 , . 2003 12 9 2008 3 27 108 . UN UN , OECD . .

46

.

.

3 ,

, .60)

,

.

.

.

,

, ,

, ,

,

.61)

OECD .62)

.

. .

.

.

60) Kenneth J. Meire and Thomas M. Holbrook, I seen my opportunities and I took em: Political corruption in the American states, The Journal of Politics vol. 54. No. 1(1992), pp. 135~136.

61) OECD, An agenda for collective action for improving governance to fight corruption (Paris: OECD, 2008), pp. 1~2. Available at: .

62) OECD, Policy Paper and Principles on Anti-Corruption: Setting an Agenda for Collective Action (Paris: OECD, 2007), pp. 15~17. Available at: .

3-

47

NGO

. .

,

,

,

.63)

, , ,

, , ,

.

64)

63) OECD (weak governance or poor governance) , . OECD, An agenda for collective action for improving governance to fight corruption, pp. 1~3. Available at: .

64) , , ( 2003 , 2003), p. 202.

48

OECD

65)

NGO

()

. ,

,

,

65) , (, 2008), pp. 106~107.

3-

49

.

, (good governance)

.

(Putnam)

, ,

.66) (public goods)

, .

.

, ,

.

,

.

.

.67) , ,

,

.

, , ,

.

OECD

66) Robert D. Putnam, Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2000), pp. 12~13.

67) World Bank, Governance, the World Banks Experience (Washington D.C.: World Bank, 1994), p. 14.

50

,68)

, .

UNDP

, , ,

, , .69)

.

.

.

, ,

, ,

, , ,

.70)

,

(capacity building), (result-oriented management),

, , ,

.71)

(Country Assistance

Strategy: CAS) ,

. , , ,

, ,

68) OECD, Participatory Development and Good Governance (Paris: OECD, 1995), p. 14.

69) UNDP, Governance for Sustainable Human Development (New York: UNDP, 1997), pp. 2~3.

70) Anwar Shah and Mark Schacter, Combating Corruption: Looking before You Lean, Finance and Development Vol. 41. No. 4. (2004), p. 40.

71) Ibid., pp. 41~43.

3-

51

, ,

, , ,

.

,

, ,

, ,

, ,

, ,

, , ,

,

.72)

73)

good governance

(Putnam)

, , ,

.

72) Ivar Kolstad, Verena Fritz and Tam O'Nell, Corruption, Anti-Corruption Efforts and Aid, Working Paper of The Advisory Board for Irish Aid (Jan. 2009), pp. 39~43.

73) The World Bank, Improving Governance and Controlling Corruption (Washington D.C.: World Bank Institute, 2001), p. 8.

52

.

.

.

.

,

.

3-

53

74)

.

. (evaluation) , ,

, , (), , , ,

, OECD/DAC ,

, ,

.75) OECD/DAC

74) OECD, Policy Paper and Principles on Anti-Corruption: Setting an Agenda for Collective Action (Paris: OECD, 2007), p. 21. Available at: .

75) OECD, OECD/DAC Principles for Evaluation of Development Assistance (Paris: OECD, 1999), p. 3.

54

, , ,

.76)

OECD DAC 5

.77)

(Relevance)

/ , ? (

, , )

(Efficiency)

Input Output ? (

, , , )

(Effectiveness)

? ( ,

/ , / )

(Impact)

( ), ( )

( ) ( , ,

)

(Sustainability)

? (

, , )

OECD DAC 2006

. ,

76) (lessons learning) (accountability). , , (Financial Accountability) (Performance Accountability) . (Summative Evaluation) , (Formative Evaluation) . Ibid., p. 4.

77) OECD/DAC, Evaluation Systems and Use: a Working Tool for Peer Reviews and Assessment (Paris: OECD/DAC, 2006), pp. 3~4. Available at: .

3-

55

5 12

(Ownership)

1. - ,

201 75%

(Alignment)

2. - (PFM)

50%

3. -

85%

4. 50%

8 .78)

.

2005 3 91

(High Level Forum on Aid Effectiveness)

, (Paris Declaration on Aid

Effectiveness) , 2003

2004

.

(partnership commitment)

, 2010

(timeline) 5 12

.79) .

-5, 12

78) 8 , , , , , . OECD/DAC, Evaluation Systems and Use: a Working Tool for Peer Reviews and Assessment, pp. 6~9. Available at: .

79) OECD, The Paris Declaration (Development Cooperation Directorate, 2005) Available at .

56

- (- ) (%)

5. -

- 100%

- PFM

(1/3~2/3)

6. (PIU) -

2/3

7. -

75%

8. -

(Harmonization)

9. -

66%

10. -

40% 66%

(Managing for

Results)

11. -

75%

(Mutual

Accountability

12. -

100%

.

(Performance

-Based Allocation System: PBA) .

(International Development Association: IDA)

(Country Performance Rating: CPR) ,

IDA (Country Policy and

Institutional Assessment: CPIA) , .

3-

57

IDA CPIA 80)

(clusters) (criteria)

(Economic Management)

1. 2. 3.

25%

(Structural Policies)

4. 5. 6.

25%

, (Policies for Social

Inclusion/Equity)

7. 8. 9. 10. 11.

25%

(Public Sector Management

and Institutions)

12. 13. 14. 15. 16. ,

25%

.

. (project cycle)

(project

cycle)

. UNDP 4, (JICA) 5,

USAID 3, OECD/DAC 7

80) International Development Association, IDAs Performance-Based Allocation System: Options for Symplifying the Formular and Reducing Volatilty (Washington D. C.: World Bank, 2007). , (: , 2008), p. 45 .

58

.81)

.

6 .

(identification) (preparation) (appraisal)

(negotiation & approval) (implementation

& supervision) (evaluation) ,

.

.82)

(1) (identification)

(Country Assistance Strategy:

CAS) . CAS

.

CAS

, , ,

(Project Concept Note: PCN) ,

4~5 (Project Information

Document: PID) .

83)(International Development Association: IDA)

81) UNDP 4 , JICA 5 . USAID 3, OECD/DAC 7 R/D . OECD, OECD/DAC Review of the DAC Principles for Evaluation of Development Assistance (Paris: OECD, 2007), pp. 13~16.

82) Ibid., pp. 40~42.

83) (International Bank for Reconstruction and Development: IBRD) (International Development Association: IDA) . IBRD 1 GNI 2005 6,055

3-

59

(Poverty Reduction

Strategy Paper: PSRP) CAS ,

.

(Integrated Safeguards Data Sheet) PID

.

.

(2) (preparation)

, , ,

, ,

. .

(Envionment Assesment Report),

(Indigenous People Development Plan),

(Environment Action Plan) ,

.

(3) (appraisal)

.

3~4 ,

. (Project Appraisal Document),

(Program Document)

.

, IDA 1 GNI 1025 . , ODA , ODA ? ( 2008 , 2008), pp. 28~33; World bank, World Development Report, 2008: Equity and Development Overview (Washington D.C.: International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/World Bank, 2008), pp. 13~44 . Available at: .

60

PID

.

(Project Appraisal Document) (Program Document)

.

(4) (negotiation & approval)

(negotiation & approval)

,

(Board of

Executive Directors) .

(Memorandum of the President)

.

(Technical Annex)

.

(Loan Agreement; L/A) .

(5) (implementation & supervision)

.

.

,

.

.

(Report on the Status of Project in Execution)

.

3-

61

, ,

(Implementation Completion Report)

.

(6) (evaluation)

(project cycle)

.

(Operations Evaluation Department: OED)

(Project Completion Report)

.

1/4(

70) OED

(Project Performance Assessment Report) .

5~8

(Impact Evaluation Report) . OED

(Inspection Panel Report)

.

.

.

62

84)

(identification)

CAS PCN

Country Assistance

Strategy (CAS)

Project Concept Note

(PCN)

, , ,

PCN PID

Project Information

Document(PID)

Integrated Safeguards Data

SheetPID

(preparation)

, , , , .

Environmental Assessment

Report

3

Indigenous People

Development Plan

Environmental Action Plan

(appraisal)

Project Appraisal

Document(PAD) or

Program Document

(negotiation,

approval)

,

PAD or Program

Document, Memorandum

of the President, and legal

documents

(Loan Agreement)

(implementation

&

supervision)

Report on the Status of

Project in Execution

,

Implementation Completion

Report

,

(evaluation)

(audit)

Project Performance

Assessment Report

OED 1/4

Impact Evaluation Report,

Inspection Panel Report

OECD 2006 2008

,

. OECD

84) , , p. 43.

3-

63

/DAC

.

OECD/DAC 85)

12

3. -

4. -

5. a. (PFM)

PFM

b.

6. (PIU)

PIU

7. -

8. -

9. - (PBA)

PBA

10. a.

b.

,

OECD/DAC

.

85) OECD, OECD/DAC Network on Development Evaluation Evaluating Development Cooperation: Summanry of Key Norms and Standards (Paris: OECD, 2009), p. 4.

64

():

():

():

():

.

.

.

, , ,

.

.

3. (project cycle)

.

,

.

,

3-

65

, , .86)

.

,

,

.87)

(project appraisal &

evaluation) .

.

,

.

,

.

,

.88)

, .

.89)

(Technical Appraisal)

(Financial Appraisal)

(Economic Appraisal)

86) , , OECD/DAC (, , ) (, , , , , ) 4 . OECD/DAC, DAC Principles for Effective Aid (Paris: OECD, 2001), p. 84.

87) Ibid., p. 6.

88) Linda G. Morra Imas et al., The Road to Results: Designing and Conducting Effective Development Evaluations (Washington D.C.: The World Bank, 2009), pp. 25~28.

89) OECD/DAC, DAC Principles for Effective Aid, p. 36.

66

(Institutional Appraisal)

(Social and Distributional Appraisal)

(Environmental Appraisal)

(capacity)

,

.

. OECD

.90)

(1) (Technical Appraisal)

, ,

, , , ,

(2) (Financial Appraisal)

:

(capacity)

(Appropriate Terms):

, , , ,

:

.

.

Local Cost :

.

90) Ibid., pp. 27~56.

3-

67

(3) (Economic Appraisal)

-(cost-benefit analysis), (shadow prices)

(effects method)

. (sensitivity analysis),

(risk analysis) .

-

, , ,

, ,

.

(4) (Institutional Appraisal)

,

.

, ,

.

, NGO

,

.

(5) , (Identification and Involvement of Target Groups and Social and Distributional Appraisal)

,

68

, , , .

(6) (Environmental Appraisal)

. -

,

.

.

,

.

,

.

.

,

.91)

,

,

. ,

. ,

.

91) Linda G. Morra Imas et al., The Road to Results: Designing and Conducting Effective Development Evaluations, pp. 7~16.

3-

69

.

.

92)

,

.

,

(formal) (informal)

.

,

,

.

.

(rapid assessment)

(case study) ,

(census method) (sampling method) .93)

92) Ibid., p. 17.

93) Ibid., pp. 39~51.

70

,

.

.94)

(1) (The non-equivalent group method)

,

.

, .

(regression analysis) (the analysis of variance)

,

.

(2) (The interrupted time-series method)

.

.

.

. PCM(Project Cycle Management)

PCM ()(FASID: Foundation

for Advanced Studies on International Development) 1960

USAID Logical Framework 1983

(GTZ: German Agency for Technical Cooperation)

94) D. J. Casley and D. A. Lury, The Monitoring and Evaluation of Agriculture and Rural Development Projects (John Hopkins Univ. Press, 1992), chap. 1~3.

3-

71

(Zopp: Ziel Orientierte Project Planning)

,

.95)

PDM(Project Design Matrix)

. PCM

PDM , .

PCM 96)

95) , (, 2001), pp. 152~161 . Available at www.jica.go.jp/english/operations/evaluation/ , . Michael Greer, 20 key Project Manager Actions and Results, The Project Managers Partner (Amherst, MA: HRD Press, 2001); Michael Greer, Michael Greer's Project Management Available at .

96) , p. 157.

72

Project Design Matrix97)

, ,

ODA ,

.

97) , p. 156.

3-

73

PDM

.

PDM 98)

98) , p. 158.

74

. :

518 (2007 7 ),

337,030 km2 ( 1.5), $14,576(07),

GNP $27,800, 2007

2 .99)

1961

2001

.100)

,

.

(Guidelines for Programme Design, Monitoring

and Evaluation)

.101)

99) CIA, World Fact Book (2008) Available at: .

100) .

101) Ministry for Foreign Affairs, Guidelines for Programme Design, Monitoring and Evaluation (Helsinki: Ministry for Foreign Affairs, 2002) Available at .

3-

75

102)

102) Ibid., p. 15.

76

103)

. ,

.

.

103) Ibid., p. 19.

3-

77

, ()104)

(Supervisory

Board Meeting)

(Steering Committee

Meeting)

,

(General

Mandate)

: :

,

:

(Specific

Monitoring

Practices)

:

, ,

, /() ,

(Members

Responsible

for

Monitoring)

:

(Partner

countryside)

-

: , ,

(Timing)

1 4

104) Ibid., p. 23.

78

.

Logical Framework ,

,

.

,

.

105)

Logical Framework :

(Overall Objectives)

(Project purpose)

1 (Results) 2 3

1 2 3

1 2 3

105) Ibid., p. 29.

3-

79

1 :

1 : x 1

:

: :

x : : :

:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

1

1.1 xx xx

1.2 xx xx xx

1.3 xx xx

1.4 xx xx xx

2

2.1 xx xx xx

2.2 xx xx xx

2.3 xx xx xx xx

3

3.1 xx xx xx

3.2 xx xx xx

3.3 xx xx xx xx

3.4 xx xx

3.5 xx xx xx xx

2,3

80

/ ()106)

4.

,

.

106) Ibid., p. 37.

3-

81

,

, ,

.

,

.107)

. ,

(over-determinated) .

,

.

, , , ,

.

.

107) 1991 2006 15 4 1,253 94.2% 3 8,845 . , 98 , . , , 36 . , 2007 11 24.; 2004~2007 51 . , 2008 4 29.; 10 10 8 3805 . 2008 10 1 . , , ODA , ODA() ? ( 2008 ), pp. 27~57 .

82

NGO . NGO

2006~7 700 800 ,

.108)

,

. ()

, () ,

, ()

.

, () ,

,

.

.109)

()

.

, ()

,

. ,

,

(shortage economy) .

108) , NGO (, 2008), pp. 98~101 .109) ,

. ( ) (preference) .

3-

83

.110)

, ()

,

.

(ownership)

.111)

,

.

,

.

.112)

110) shortage economy J. Kornai . J. Kornai, The Socialist System-The Political Economy of Communism (New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1990) .

111) 24 UN, NGO, 1998 11 . , NGO , p. 96.

112) . , , 3 , . , 2009 10 16 . 2008 11 28 2008-8( ) , 2009 8 14 . 2008-8 (2009 9 21 2009-20) . , ( 10), .

84

,

.

. , , , , .

3-

85

4

86

1.

1995 .

.

.

.

,

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

4-

87

.

.

.

.

.

. (MDGs)

.

.

,

.

.

.

.

.

2.

.

(1)

1990

. ,

88

(aid fatigue) .

.

1996 OECD DAC(: Development

Assistance Committee)

. OECD 21 (Shaping the 21st Century: The Contribution of Development Co-operation,

1996) 21 . 2015

( 1 )

. ,

(partnership) (ownership) .

2000 9 UN 189

(Millenium Declaration) ,

(MDGs) .113) , ,

, , .

.

. MDGs

(managing for results) ,

(collective impact)

.

.

DAC

. DAC

,

.114)

113) MDGs Paris21, A Better World for All, 2000, OECD , UNDP .

4-

89

2000

, .

.

(2) DAC

DAC

.

. (Monterrey Consensus, 2002)

.

. ODA

.

,

.

. 2003 8

.

. ,

, ,

( ,

), .

DAC (ownership)

2001 1 (Task Force on Donor Practice:

114) OECD/DAC, Harmonizing Donor Practices for Effective Aid Delivery (Paris: OECD, 2003).

90

TFDP) . TFDP 16

.

, , ,

.

DAC

.

,

,

,

.

2002 4 TFDP DAC (Harmonising Donor Practice for Effective Aid Delivery) . ,

, , ,

, 6

.

DAC 2003 2

() , 2000 UN (MDG) 2002

(Monterrey Consensus)

(aid harmonization) (Rome Declaration on

Harmonization, 2003) .

.

,

.

.

.

, (

) .

4-

91

4 DAC (HLM)

. .

(good practice papers) DAC ,

, (peer review)

,

.

, 2002 6 , (OECD)

(RBM: Results-Based Management)

(the 1st Intl Roundtable on

Managing for Developing Results). 2004 2

OECD DAC

2 (the 2nd Intl Roundtable

on Managing for Developing Results)

(Joint Marrakech Memorandum, 2004) .

,

. (Marrakech Memorandum)

5 .

.

, , , ,

.

.

.

.

, MDGs ,

.

.

2003 2004

92

MDGs 8

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. HIV/AIDS, 7. 8.

9

1.

2. , ,

3.

. 2005 3

5

ODA

.115)

MDGs

.

, ODA

, ODA

, ,

.

.116)

, .

.

MDGs , ,

115) 2005 4 DAC 22 101( ).

116) Catherine Elkins, Monitoring and Evaluation for Development in Peace-Precarious Situations, Prepared for The North-South Divide and International Studies 47th Annual ISA Convention, March 22~25, 2006.

4-

93

4. 5. 6.

7. 8. ,

9.

5 8

1. (Focus the dialogue on results)

2. , , (Align all activities with the agreed expected results)

3. , , (Keep the results reporting system as simple)

4. (by) (for) (Manage for, not by, results)

5. (Use results information)

1. 2. ,

,

3.

4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

.

(1)

.

2005 3 90

OECD, World Bank, IMF ,

NGO

,

(Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness:

Ownership, Harmonization, Alignment, Results and Mutual Accountability,

2005) .

2000 9 UN , 2002 2

, 2003 2 , 2004 2

. 5

(Ownership),

94

(Alignment),

(Harmonization), (Managing for Results),

(Mutual Accountability) .

(ownership)

,

(alignment)

(harmonization)

, ,

(management for result)

() ,

(mutual accountability)

: 5

* : Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness, Joint Progress Toward Enhanced Aid Effectiveness; High Level Forum, 2005, 2.

,

.

,

. ,

.

.

.

4-

95

(2)

2005 7 DAC

12 ,

. OECD DAC 5

5 12 .

OECD DAC

(Working Party) 12

(Baseline) .

5 12

5 12

1

2 ,

3

4

5 ( )

6

7

8

9

10

11

12 ,

* : , (: , 2008), pp. 24~25.

OECD 2006 2008

. OECD DAC

2006 31

, 2005 8 1

.

.

96

.

2008 9, (Accra) 3

(A progress report on implementing the Paris Declaration)

.117)

(Ownership)

,

. (Alignment)

,

. (Harmonization)

,

. (Managing for development

results) .

(results-oriented)

,

.

(Mutual accountability)

.

. ODA

.

.

OECD DAC (management)

117) , (: , 2008), pp. 66~71.

4-

97

(accountability) .

. . DAC 1991

.

,

. OECD DAC 1991

(relevance), (effectiveness), (efficiency), (impact),

(possibilities) 5 .

, 5

.

OCED DAC 5

() , ,

() , , ,

(, , )

() ()

.

,

. ,

.118)

, ODA

98

. (USAID) (USTDA),

(DFID), (BMZ),

(GTZ) (KfW), , ,

(AFD), , , , JICA, JBIC

.

, OECD DAC

. , , , , (sustainability)

5 .

.

DAC

.

,

, .

.

.

,

. ,

.

,

. OECD DAC ODA

,

.

. ,

. ,

.

118) , M&E , (18 1, 2009), pp. 226~228.

4-

99

DGTPE USTDA

.

USAID , USTDA

(USTDA)

.

. BMZ, GTZ,

KfW ODA

.

. . ,

.

.

, JICA, JBIC

, . ODA

.

,

,

.

. USAID

, USTDA . ,

, .

, AFD

.

, ,

.

.

100

.

5 .

. ODA

.

, (Ownership)

.

.

.

.

,

(Alignment) .

.

.

. ,

.

, (Harmonization)

. ,

,

.

.

.

4-

101

.

, (Mutual accountability)

.

. ()

.

,

.

.

,

. ,

, , UN NGO

,

.

() .

.

ODA

.

(Managing for development results)

.

.

3. ,

.

2001 2 4,797

2005 1

. 2008 4,358 ,

2009 7 1,801 .

,

102

,

.

, 6

. EU,

.

.

(UNOCHA), UNICEF, WHO, WFP

,

.

(EU)

1995

. EU EU (2002.11.19)

. EU

15% NGO . , EU

.

EU NGO, , WFP, UNESCO, WTO

.

(ODA) EU

. - (The EU-DPRK Country Stratege

Paper, 2001~2004)

EU .

.

UN 1995~2007 6,669

, 5,100 WFP .

(SDC) 1998 ,

, ,

.

4-

103

EU

.

1~2

.

, ,

(Flash Appeal) NGOs

.

,

.

(: )

1)

1995~1997 26,172 2,236 28,408 20,204

1998 1,100 2,085 3,185 21,587

1999 2,825 1,863 4,688 18,989

2000 8,139 3,238 11,377 15,310

2001 7,522 6,07 13,539 24,797

2002 8,915 4,577 13,492 22,001

2003 9,377 6,386 15,763 13,310

2004 11,541 13,250 24,791 15,158

2005 13,588 7,666 21,254 4,523

2006 22,740 7,088 29,828 1,915

2007 20,893 9,568 30,461 9,966

2008 3,996 6,460 10,456 4,358

20092) 418 2,186 2,604 1,801

: 1) (UNOCHA) Financial Tracking Database . 2005 .

2) 8, 7 .* : , , 2009.8; (UNOCHA,

Financial Tracking Database, July 31, 2009).

104

.

1995

. 1995

2006 2 9,828

(2,982 ) . 2008

1 456 (1,163 ) , 2009(8 )

2,604 (203 ) . 2008 2009

.

,

3 . 2008 8

45%, 41%, 14%

.

1999 2007

.119)

.

(1998~2002) 5 (

) 8,557 ( 6,153 , 2,404 ).

2000 6

,

.

,

.

, ,

.

,

. 2001

119) 1999 11.5 2007 . 2000 30 , 2001 20 , 2002 30 , 2003 30 , 2004 30 , 2005 35 , 2006 35 , 2007 30 .

4-

105

.

(2003~2007) .

,

.

5 1 8,988 (

1 4,640 , 4,348 )

. 2004

.

,

. ,

.

.

.

.

.

,

.

.

(1)

.

. UNDP/FAO

106

(AREP), IFAD ,

, . UNDP IFAD

.

AREP(Agricultural Recovery and Environment Plan) UNDP FAO

. UNDP

1996 32 3,800

(ARRP) . ARRP

UNDP 1998 AREP .

AREP , , ,

, AREP 5 .

AREP 20 ,

3 5,000

. 17 .120)

2000 620

.

1998 AREP 2000

. UNDP FAO

1999~2002

, 2004

.

.

2000 243 ( 6.2%), 2001 7

304 ( 5,800 5.2%), 2002 10

152 ( 5,500 2.8%) .

AREP

.

120) R/T Meeting AREP , , , . Peoples Korea, 1998.6.3.

4-

107

, (IFAD) 1995

(Sericulture Development Project), (Crop

and Livestock Rehabilitation Project), (Upland Food

Security Project) 3 . IFAD 1995

3 5,050 SDR . IFAD

(1996~2002), (1997~2003), (2001

~2008) 6,910 .

IFAD

()

(SDR)

24.25 10.45 1995.12 1996-20015 20 ,

3.4%

32.10 20.90 1997.12 1998-200310 40 ,

0.75%

41.77 19.15 2000.12 2000-200610 40 ,

0.75%

98.13 50.50

* : , (: , 2003), p. 61.

IFAD

, .

, , ,

, . 1996

6 2002 6 .

2,425 IFAD (Loan) 1,573

(1,045 SDR), (Borrower Contribution) 421 ,

(Beneficiary Contribution) 431 .

( ), IFAD,

UNOPS.

108

IFAD

1997 .

.

.

1998 1999

. ,

. 1995 4.4/ha

9.0/ha 2 , 280kg/ha

50% .

420 (210 ) ( 4) 1 100

. ,

, .

,

,

.

2001 1 11 IFAD

.

, 46

.

.

, ,

, , . 4,177

IFAD 2,444 , 444 ,

571 , WFP, UNDP, FAO, , CESVI

718 . ,

UNOPS IFAD

4-

109

. 2001 11% 2006

6 .

.

IFAD 1998 2003

. 585 , ,

, ,

, .

, (

) 100% .

(2) IFAD

()

1995 (IFAD)

1998 2003

. 585 , ,

, ,

,

. 3,010 ,

3,210 .

IFAD 2,890 (2,090 SDR)

, , , , ,

. 10 40 0.75%

. UNDP (Co-financier) 60

. 260

. UNOPS

. 1998 12 64%, 1999 81%, 2000

91%, 2001 95% . 2003 6

110

.

,

.

() , () , ()

.

.

IFAD

($)

3 30 585

14.1

2 2 2 4 (2 )

4.4

55 , , , , ,

5.7

2,000

2.9

7 7

, , 10

2.1

, 2.0

32.1

* : , (: , 2003), p. 65.

4-

111

()

,

30 .

30 1997 506,000 1998 719,000

213,000(45%) , 3.3 4.7

. ,

, ,

. 1997 433

1998 740 .

30,932 100%

.

. , , , ,

1994 214% , 109% .

.

, 1998 1999 100% .

IFAD

.

. ,

,

.

. , ,

.

.

.

112

IFAD, UNOPS

.

(IFDA) 1996 2008 6

2010

.121) IFAD 12 90,900

50 . IFAD

.

(IFDA) IFDA

,

.

. IFAD

, WFP FAO

.

.

(1)

.

2,300

600 . ,

, , ,

.

50~80

121) , , (2008 12 12).

4-

113

.

1 40

.

80 .

.

. 200

.

.

.

. 2002 10 , ,

10 6,000 7

. 1998

4 .

.

.

() .

,

. ,

.

.

20~35 . EU

70% .

114

.

. (IFAD)

.

,

. IFAD 100%

.

.

1995

.

.

.

.

(2)

1995

.

.

.

.

,

.

, ,

.

.

,

,

4-

115

.

.

.

.

, ,

.

.

.

.

, , IFAD

.

,

.

, AREP

. AREP

.

,

.

.

.

.

.

.

116

4.

.

(humanitarian assistance)

. , , ,

. (development

assistance) ,

.

.

(), ,

, , .

, (),

, , ,

, .

1995

.

. (WFP) (FAO)

2008 12 2009

900 .122)

, , , ,

. 2004

.

,

.

122) (United Nations news services, Lack of funding forces UN food agency to downsize work in DPR Korea, July, 1, 2009).

4-

117

,

.

.

.

, ,

, .

(ODA) 60

.

. ,

.

, .

. , , ,

.

2005 9 2006

.

.

.123)

.

.

, ,

.

.

123) -, 2005 9 24.

118

.

. 2002 7.1

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

4-

119

.

, ,

.

,

.

.

.

5

.

.

5

.

.

(ownership) .

() ,

(poverty reduction strategy)

.

.

(Alignment) . ,

.

.

.

120

.

,

,

, ,

. , (Harmonization)

.

(Managing for development results)

.

.

.

.

(Mutual accountability)

. .

. ()

.

.

.

. ,

. ,

.

.

.

4-

121

. ,

,

.

, , ,

.

.

(ODA)

.

KEDO

.

.

.

.

.

,

.

, , NGO ,

.

UN ,

.

.

.

122

.

.124)

, , ,

.

()

.

.

.

.

.

. (TSR)

(TCR) (TKR) .

.

.

.

.

. .

124) OECD, Development Cooperation Report 2007 (Paris: OECD, 2008), Statistical Annex Table 19.

4-

123

1990

.

.

.

,

.

.

, , , ()

.

, 3000

.125)

.

.

(Alignment)

.

.

.

(Harmonization)

.

125) 3000 , , . 30 , , , 10 , KDI KAIST , , , , . 300 100 , 5 , KOTRA , (, , ) . , , , , (-) . , 1 .

124

(Project Request Form) .

.

. .

, , , ,

.

.

.

.

.

.

. ,

, , .

,

. , ,

.

4-

125

5

126

1.

.

,

. ,

,

. ,

.

.

,

.

,

.

,

.

.

,

.

5-

127

.

.

,

.

.

.

.

, .

. 1990

.

.126)

.

.

.

.

,

.

126) , , (: , 1999), p. 52.

128

,

.

, ,

.

.

.

.

,

.

.

2.

. UN

,

, ,

.

,

.

, ,

.

,

20 .

UN .

1950 UN

5-

129

.

,

.

,

.

1957 7

663

, 261

.

.

. , ,

, .

.

UNDP, UNCTAD, WTO UN

. 2

, ,

. 1960

UN 1 1970

.

.

. ,

,

, , ,

. 1980

.127)

130

UN 1960

.

1961 UN 1960 UN(United Nations

Development Decade)128)

10 ,

. IDA() 2 ,

UN (UNCTAD), UN (UNDP) UN

1 UN(1961~1970) 2

UN(1971~1980), 3 UN(1981~1990), 4 UN

(1991~2000) .

1 UN(1961~1970) 1962 UN

(ECOSOC)

, .

. 2 UN(1971~1980)

.129)

, , , , ,

,

. 1975

. 3 UN(1981~1990)

. 1991 4 UN

,

127) , , NGO (: , 2005), pp. 1~7.

128) UN 10 . 1961 , 10 5%, 1% . 1971 2 . 1980 3 , 1 . UN 1991 4 , , , .

129) . . . . . , p. 8.

5-

131

. 1992 1995

UN 21 ,

(Sustainable Development) .

.

, (human development)

.

(people-centered development) ,

.

, , . 1990

UNDP (HDR, Human Development

Reports)

(Human development Indicator) , ,

, , 1 GNP .

.

, , ,

, , ,

.

1994 UNDP 130)

(human security) .

,

130) .

132

.131)

.

(sustainable human development)132)

. (World Summit for Social

Development) (world social charter) ,

.

2003 (the Commission on Human Security)

(Human Security Now)133)

.

, ,

.

,

. ,

, ,

. (protection) (empowerment)

.

, .

.134)

,

. ,

, ,

131) , p. 1

132) (pro-people, pro-jobs and pro-nature) . , p. 4

133) .

134) .

5-

133

.

,

135)

.

(the Right to Development)

. ,

. ,

.

1986 UN 136)

.

10

.

,

. , ,

.

(UNCTAD)

.

.

2

1990

.

135) . GNP , , . , (: , 2003), p. 19.

136) Declaration on the Right to Development. Adopted by General Assembly resolution 41/128 of 4 December 1986.

134

(World

Summit for Social Development Copenhagen 1995)137)

.

1960,

.

,

.

.

1995

.

,

1990 .

, ,

.

. 1991 (UN ECOSOC)

,

UN

.

115 .

, , , ,

, , , .

10 (Copenhagen Declaration on

Social Development) , (Program

of Action) .

137) (World Summit for Social Development, WSSD) 1995 3 6 3 12 , , , .

5-

135

.

. UN ,

, .138)

.

, , ,

,

. , ,

.

2000 UN

(2000 6, ) 2015

. UN

UN , NGOs , 1995

.

, , , ,

, 129

.

,

, NGOs

.139)

138) UN . , , . , , , , , , . , , (: , 1995), Vol. 1. pp. 110~111.

136

NGOs

,

.

(Governmantal Organization)

. NGOs (human rights)

, , ,

.140)

.

. 2000

2000 (Millennium

Declaration) (Millennium Development Goals)141)

2002

142)

.

, 189

.

. 2002

,

(Monterrey Consensus) .

,

. GNP

139) , 2000 (2000), p. 77140) , , , 13, 1995.141) .

142) UN, Report of the International Conference on Financing for Development, Monterrey, Mexico, 18~22 March 2002.

5-

137

0.7% .

UN

, UN .

2002 8

(World Summit on Sustainable Development: WSSD, 2002.8.26-9.2

)143)

. WSSD

(The Johannesburg Declaration on Sustainable Development)

. , ,

, .

3

,

. 152

(WSF)

.144)

,

.145)

NGOs

.

NGOs . ,

, ,

, , , , WTO

143) 194 , 86 , NGO 4 , , 400 .

144) . o - o 2015 o o

145) , WSSD .

138

.

NGOs .146)

20 (put

people first) .

, ,

.

,

.

. (inclusive institutions)

(cohesive societies) (accountable institutions)

. (inclusive institutions)

,

. (cohesive

societies) ,

.

(accountable institutions) ,

.147)

,

.

(people-centered sustainable development)

.

146) NGO . , , (: , 1995), Vol. 1, p. 112.

* ILO (2000 ) * UN * * * UNDP WSSD 2000 * , , , , .147) .

5-

139

.

.

,

.

.

.

3.

.

,

,

.

,

.

, .

,

.

, ,

.

.

140

.

.

,

,

.

.

.

.

,

.

,

.

,

.

.

.

, , , ,

.

,

. ,

.

,

.

5-

141

, .

,

.

,

.

.

.

,

.

,

.

,

.

,

.

,

.

.

.

,

.

. 148)

,

142

.149)

.

.

.

.

,

.

.

.

,

.

.

.

.

148) . , . (brutal competition) . , . , . , (: , 2005), p. 55.

149) . , . . , pp. 58~66.

5-

143

.

.

.

.

,

.

.

.

,

.

.

.

.

144

4. 150)

.

.

. ,

=

.

,

.

.

.

.

.

.

, .

.

.

150) , , pp. 63~65.

5-

145

.

.

,

, .

.

.

,

. . ,

.

.

.

.

,

.

.

,

.

, ,

.

,

.

146

.

.

.

.

.

.151)

,

.

.

. ,

.

.

.

, .

,

,

,

.

, .

151) , , ( , 2007.10), pp. 8~9.

5-

147

.

1990 .

.

, .

.

,

(Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper: PRSP)

.

.

, .

.

.

,

.

.

,

.

,

.

148

. (good governance)

,

.

.

,

. . , ,

, EU , UNDP UN , IMF,

World Bank , NGOs

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

,

.

.

,

.

5-

149

,

.

.

.

,

.

,

,

.

,

.

.

,

, ,

.

.

, , ,

.

,

.

.

.

. ,

150

.

.

.

,

.

,

.

,

.

,

.

.

,

.

.

.

.

.

.

,

5-

151

.

,

.

(ownership) ,

.

, .

(good governance)

.

.

6-3000

153

63000

154

.

1. 2. 5 3. 300 100 4. KOTRA

.

5. 30 6. 10 7. KDI, KAIST 8.

.

9. World Bank, ADB 400 10. 11. 12.

.

13. 14. 15. 400km

3000

1.

3000

5 20

10 1 3000

. 5 20 5

,

KDI, KAIST

.

3000 5 20

6-3000

155

16.

.

17. 18. , 19. 20. 1

,

. , 2000

8

, 2007

.

,

3000

.

. , 77

,

.

,

.

3000

.

,

. ,

,

156

,

. , 3000

3,000

,

3,000

3,000

. ,

3,000

.

. ,

,

. ,

3

.

,

.

,

.

,

.

, 2

. , 2

. 911

6-3000

157

.

. ,

, .

, .

.

,

. ,

,

.

,

.

,

.

, 2 .

,

,

. ,

.

,

. ,

158

. ,

,

,

,

.

3000

.

2. 3000

.

NGOs .

3000 .

. ,

. ,

.

(IBRD)

(IDA) . IBRD

, , ,

. IDA , , IBRD

,

.152)

IBRD 1 GNI

152) , (: , 2008), p. 7.

6-3000

159

6,055 , IDA 1 GNI 1,025

.153)

(CDF) ,

, , 4 .154)

, (UNDG) ,

, , , , , ,

UNDG .155)

2000

9 UN 21

8 18

(MDGs) , 8 ,

, , ,

, HIV/AIDS, , ,

.

,

.

,

.

,

, , ,

.156)

, (Ownership) (Capacity Development)

.

,

153) , p. 8.

154) , pp. 47~49.

155) , pp. 74~82.

156) , , pp. 59~62.

160

.

,

.

,

,

,

.

.

. , 2

,

. , 1960

,

. ,

. ,

. ,

. ,

.

6-3000

161

.

.

3000

, 1 3

. ,

. ,

.

. ,

3000

.

.

, 1970

,

. , ,

,

.157)

. , 1970 1975 OECD 1242

.158)

,

1970

157) , , , Vol. 3 ( , 1993), pp. 305~306.158) 2 8, 1 5 . ,

, , 1990 4( 220) (, 1990), p. 46.

162

. ,

.

1970

,

.159)

,

,

.

, 6 (1980.10) 7 3

(1984.1) 3

. 1984 9

8 ,

.160)

,

.

5 26 , , ,

. 1

, ,

.

. 2 ,

, , , , . 3

,

,

. 4 ,

5 ,

.161)

159) , , , Vol. 2, No. 1 ( , 1996), p. 113.

160) , pp. 113~114.

161) , , p. 47.

6-3000

163

, . ,

100

1 , 1990

20 .162)

, , ,

. , 1991 12 28

74 , . , 14 ,

10 621k

. , , , .

, ,

. ,

, .

, .163)

, 3

. 1(1993~1995) ,

,

. 2(1996~2000) 1

,

, , 5

. 3(2001~2010) , ,

1 , , , ,

. 69 8

162) . , 7.1 , , Vol. 15, No. 2 (, 2003), p. 149.

163) , , , Vol. 14 (, 1999), p. 93.

164

.164)

,

2000 1 2 ,

.165)

, 1990

. , 1990

.

1990 ,

. ,

,

. ,

.

, ,

. ,

. , 1990

, 2002 7 1 .

7.1 ( 7.1 )

. , , ,

. ,

, . ,

, . ,

,

,

. ,

,

.

164) , , , Vol. 1 ( , 1996), pp. 38~39.

165) , 7.1 , , Vol. 15, No. 2 (, 2003), p. 149.

6-3000

165

.

,

. ,

, ,

.166)

, . ,

, .167)

, 7.1 ,

,

. , ,

.168)

7.1 .

, , .

,

, ,

. ,

,

.

,

2004 8 .169)

,

166) , , 2008, pp. 158~160.167) , 7.1 , , Vol. 15, No. 2 (

, 2003), pp. 151~153.

168) , , p. 157.169) , p. 164.

166

. ,

,

. ,

. ,

.

.

,

,

. ,

, 3000

.

.

3000

,

. ,

6-3000

167

. ,

,

.

,

. 2007

.

,

.

.

1990

,

.

,

. ,

.

. ,

,

.

168

3. 3000

.

3000

.

,

. ,

. ,

,

. , . 1990

. , ,

. ,

. ,

. , 1

, 2

6

.

. ,

. , . 2

6-3000

169

6

.

1

,

.

6

. ,

3 .

, 3

.

3000

. ,

. ,

. ,

,

.

,

,

.

.

3000

. ,

, , .

170

, ,

, ,

.

.

.

.

3000

.

,

. ,

,

.

1

,

. ,

.

,

.

6-3000

171

3000

,

. ,

,

.

.

.

. ,

.

.

.

3000

.

3000 5 20

,

5

.170)

170) 2000 9 UN 2015 , , , , , HIV/AIDS, , , 8 (MDGs) . 5 (Ownership),

172

, . 3000

,

.

,

.

. ,

4

.

, .

. ,

,

. ,

,

3000 ,

,

.

, 8

, 3000

. ,

.

, 3000

(Alignment), (Harmonization), (Managing for Results), (Mutual Accountability) .

6-3000

173

. ,

. , ,

.

3000

.

(1)

.

.

5(, , , , , ) 4

(, , ) ,

.

.

1

: TOE

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

208,636 215,067 220,238 228,622 233,372 236,454

15,638 16,079 16,535 17,127 17,955 15,594

* : .

.

.

174