property- a characteristic that helps identify an object *some common properties are: color, shape,...
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Property- a characteristic that helps identify an object
*Some common properties are: color, shape, size, feel, taste, smell, mass, volume
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Weight- the measure of how hard gravity pulls on an object
Balance- an instrument used to measure mass
Standard Mass- a small object that is used with a balance to determine mass
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*Mass is how much matter is in an object
*Weight can change; mass can’t
*Mass and weight are often used to mean the same thing on Earth
*To measure a solid mass use a balance
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*To measure a liquid mass mass of liquid = mass of liquid
plus beaker – mass of beaker
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Graduated Cylinder- a round glass or plastic cylinder used to measure the volume of liquids
Meniscus- the curved surface of a liquid
*Read the scale on the bottom of the curve to find the volume of a liquid
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*Reading a scale: find 2 consecutive numbers, subtract the bottom number from the top number, count how many lines are between them, divide the number by the lines
ex: there are 10 numbers between 10 and 20; if there are 5 lines between them; then take 10/5=2; so each line is worth 2 mL
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Displacement of water- method of measuring volume of irregularly-shaped objects
*volume of rectangular prism = length x width x height
*volume of irregularly shaped
objects = volume of object = volume of
water plus object – volume of water
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Density- a measure of how tightly the matter of a substance is packet into a given volume
*density = mass/volume = 30 g/ 15 cm³ = 2 g/cm³ said 2 grams per
cubic centimeter 1 cubic centimeter of this
substance has a mass of 2 grams
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*density of a substance does not change; the density of lead is 11.3 g/cm³; even if we double or half the amount, a substance’s density does not change
*if you know a substances mass and volume, you can calculate its density and use a chart to figure out what substance it is
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*matter with a density greater than water (1 g/cm³) will sink
*matter with a density less than water will float