Introduction to Public Speaking

Public speaking is speaking to a

group of people in a structured,

deliberate manner intended to

inform, influence, or entertain

the listeners.

Definition of Public Speaking

The sender or originator of the

message

Source

The content or signal that the

source/ sender gives to the

receiver.

Message

The listener or audience that

interprets the message.

Receiver

The sense (eyes, ears, nose,

mouth, body) used to send a

message. More than one sense

can be used to send a message.

Channel

The time, setting, or situation in

which communication occurs.

Context

Anything audible that gets in the

way of the message.

Noise

The reactions of the listener to

the source. Listeners give

feedback through comments,

facial expressions, and body

movements.

Feedback

The materials used to support a

speaker's ideas.

The three major kinds of

supporting materials are:

examples, statistics, and testimony.

Supporting Materials

The loudness or softness of the

speaker's voice

Volume

Making your voice loud enough

that the person in the back of

the room can hear you.

Projection

The speed at which you speak

Rate

Changes in a speaker's rate,

pitch, and volume that give the

voice variety and expressiveness

Vocal Variety/Inflection

Talking with the same voice

(opposite of vocal variety/

inflection)

Monotone

How clearly you speak

Articulation

A temporary stop or rest

Pauses

Distracting words that fill pauses

in speaking

Examples include: Um, uh, and

like

Filler Words

One or more motions or positions of

the muscles in the skin

These movements show the

emotional state of the individual to

observers.

A form of nonverbal communication

Facial Expressions

Looking people in the eye

A form of nonverbal

communication

Eye Contact

Motions of a speaker's hands or

arms during a speech

Gestures

Communication based on a

person's use of voice and body,

rather than on the use of words

Nonverbal Communication

A speech done without preparing

beforehand

Impromptu

Anxiety over the prospect of

giving a speech in front of an

audience

Stage Fright