$$$ quiz $$$ reaction rates and equilibrium. what are the units for a reaction rate? m/s, molarity...
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$$$ Quiz $$$
Reaction Rates and Equilibrium
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What are the units for a reaction rate?
M/s, molarity per second, concentration
per second
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What is the highest energy stage of a reaction called?
transition stateor
activated complex
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How does a catalyst speed up a reaction?
Lowers activation energy barrier
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When reacting molecules collide with each other, do they always form a reaction?
No, improper orientation,
not enough KE
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What is a calorie or joule?
Unit of heat (q)
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What are the four factors we discussed that affect the rate of reaction?
Temperature, concentration, particle size, and use of catalyst
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What does an inhibitor do?
Interferes with the action of a catalyst
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At equilibrium, what can you say about reactants and
products?
The rates of production of both are equal.
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What does the double arrow mean in chemistry?
There is a forward and reverse reaction
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“If a stress is applied to a system in dynamic equilibrium, the system
changes in a way that relieves the stress”, is known as _________.
Le Chatelier’s Principle
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According to Le Chatelier’s Principle, if you remove products from a reaction
at equilibrium, what will happen to the reactants?
The reactants will react more to offset the loss of products, thus
becoming lower themselves
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True or False. If you have more gas molecules on the left-side of a
reaction, and you increase the pressure, the equilibrium will shift
to the right.
True
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True or False. If Keq = 1 x 10-5, then products are favored.
False
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Solve the Keq expression for the following reaction.
Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq) MgCl2(aq) + H2(g)
Keq = [MgCl2][H2]/[HCl]2
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Write an expression for the solubility product constant, Ksp, for
the following dissolving process.
NaCl(s) Na+(aq) + Cl-(aq)
Ksp = [Na+][Cl-]
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What is the equation for Gibb’s Free Energy?
G = H-TS
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What is S and what does it measure?
Entropy, it measures disorderIn a system
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What is H and what does it measure?
Enthalpy, it measures the heat in a reaction
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If the heat of a reaction, H, is -56.7 kJ, what can
you say about the reaction?
Exothermic, gives off heat when reactants are combined
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If you take a solid and liquid, and mix them to produce a gas, what can you
say about the reaction in terms of “chaos theory”?
S is positiveEntropy obviously increased
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What can you say about a reaction that has +G?
Nonspontaneous
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What three variables can tell you whether a reaction will occur on its own or need outside help?
Enthalpy, HEntropy, STemperature of system
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If the H of a reaction is positive then the reaction is _______ .
endothermic
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What is the enthalpy change in a chemical reaction known as?
Heat of reaction, H
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Can you do the following?
-Write out a Keq expression when given a random reaction
-Then plug in given concentration values to actually calculate Keq.
- Then interpret what the Keq value actually means?
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Can you do the following?
-If you are given Ksp, can you calculate individual ion
concentrations?