“ the war to end all wars ” or “ the great war ”
TRANSCRIPT
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“ The War to End All Wars” or
“The Great War”
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WWI Artifacts• Examine the artifact on your table. Be CAREFUL--it is
fragile!
• Discuss the artifact at your table. Make predictions: what was it used for? What can it tell you about WWI?
• Share predictions with class!
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The Basics
• 30 nations
• 15 million died; cost = $350 billion
• Allies: France, Great Britain, Russia, U.S.• Central Powers: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire
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Causes of WWI
• Nationalism: belief that a specific nation, language, or culture is superior to all others
Hapsburg Empire (Austria-Hungary)
Russian Flag 1914
British Flag
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Serbia and Russia largely Slavic; encouraged Slavs in Austria-Hungary to break free and create an independent Slavic state
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White Board Time!• Explain nationalism in your own words.
• How might nationalism lead to war?
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• Imperialism: competition for colonies & influence
“Race” to Colonize Africa Colonization in Asia
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• Alliances: nations signed treaties to help each other
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• Militarism (Arms Race): nations build up armed forces and weapons
HMS Dreadnought,1906
“Eight before it’s too late!”
“We want eight and we won’t wait!”
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White Board Time!• Of the four causes of WWI, which one do you think played
the biggest role in starting the war?
• Choose one and write it down.
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June 28,1914: Assassination
• Archduke Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary killed by Serbian nationalist, Gavrilo Princip
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1914: World War I begins!
• July 28: Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia• began a chain reaction of the alliance system
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The Early Western Front • German Schlieffen Plan: attack France
1st, then Russia • Battle of the Marne: stops German advance• Western Front Stalemate: neither side can win a clear victory for 3 yrs.
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White Board Time!• Close your notebook.
• On your whiteboard, write as much as you can remember about the causes of WWI. Why did this war start?
• Compare with others at your table. What did you remember? What did you forget? Who had the most?
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• Trench warfare
Somme
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• Poison Gas (outlawed after WWI)
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• Rapid Firing Machine Guns
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• Submarine Warfare (led to convoys)
German U-9 - destroyed three ships in 75 minutes, including the Cressy
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• Mines and underwater explosives
Mines from Ottoman Empire
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• Air fighting and Spying (planes and zeppelins)
Zeppelin bombing raid
“Dog Fight” above the trenches in WWI
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• Tanks (broke the Western front)
Introduced at battle of Somme, 1916, but could only go 3 mph.
By 1918 able to cross trenches