0131389033 ppt11

CJ 2011James A. Fagin

Chapter 11:Corrections in the

Community


© 2011 Pearson Higher Education,Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. • All Rights

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After completion of this chapter, students should be able to:Explain why federal and state government are turning to community corrections sanctionsDescribe opposition to community corrections sanctionsDescribe the various sanctions used by the criminal justice systemDetail new strategies are being used to promote reentry into the community for ex-offendersExplain the purpose of adult drug court



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In 2004, more than 7 million people were on probation, in jail or prison, or on parole

7% of the U.S. adult population (13 million persons) have spent time in prison for a felony conviction)

2 out of 3 adults who are released will be rearrested within 3 years



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Record number of prisoners being released

Lack of support services

Infrequent contact with parole officer

Failure affects: child abuse, family violence, infectious diseases, or homelessness



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Citizen opposition to having community-based corrections in their neighborhood

Crime victims and police fear reoffending if released

NIMBY, meaning ‘not in my backyard’



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Developed out of response to overcrowding and skyrocketing costs

Early programs not built upon research

Many programs lacked safeguards for community protection



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Intensive Probation Supervision Programs

Split Sentencing and Shock Probation

Shock Incarceration (Boot Camps)

Home Confinement and Electronic Monitoring



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Provides direct and strict supervision

Parole officer has a smaller caseload and more emphasis is placed on offender compliance with the conditions of supervision



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After a brief period of imprisonment, usually in a jail for as little as 30 days rather than in a long-term confinement facility, the offender is brought back to court

Judge then offer offender probation



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Modeled after military-style, entry-level training programs

Boot camps are designed to provide alternative sentencing for young, nonviolent offenders

Adapts military-style physical fitness and discipline



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Ordered to remain confined in their own residence

Schedules are worked out that allow the offender to leave his or her home for work, medical appointments and services, court-ordered treatment



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Treatment programs are needed that focus on preparing inmate for reentry

Department of Justice (2004) funded $6.7 million to the Serious and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative to improve public safety

New reentry strategies include Faith-Based programs conducted by religious based groups



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Work Release

Education Release

Halfway Houses

Day Reporting Centers



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The large percentage of those arrested under the influence of illicit drugs has led to the creation of drug courts

First tried as an experiment in Dade County, Florida (1989)

This new strategy has been proven to be effective



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The operations and components of drug courts vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction, but the following 10 key components identify state adult drug court programs as prescribed by the Drug Courts Program offer:

1. Drug courts integrate alcohol and other drug treatment services with justice system case processing.

2. Using a nonadversarial approach, prosecution and defense counsel promote public safety while protecting participants’ due process rights.

3. Eligible participants are identified early and promptly placed in the drug court program.

4. Drug courts provide access to a continuum of alcohol, drug, and other related treatment and rehabilitation services.

5. Abstinence is monitored by frequent alcohol and other drug testing.



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6. A coordinated strategy governs drug court responses to participants’ compliance.

7. Ongoing judicial interaction with each drug court participant is essential.

8. Monitoring and evaluation measure the achievement of program goals and gauge effectiveness.

9. Continuing interdisciplinary education promotes effective drug court planning, implementation, and operations.

10. Forging partnerships among drug courts, public agencies, and community based organizations generates local support and enhances drug court effectiveness.



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Adult Drug Courts Tribal Drug Courts (Native Americans)

Treatment Accountability for Safer Communities (TASC)

Residential Substance Abuse Treatment (RSAT)

Note $2.5 million saved by drug court programs versus incarceration



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Buffalo, N.Y. Veterans court first of its kind

Modeled after mental health courts

Goal is to help adjust to civilian life and eliminate anti-social or criminal behaviors

Some argue separate court is unfair to other groups

0131389033 ppt11

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