04-the cadastral concept and evolution

8/18/2019 04-The Cadastral Concept and Evolution

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Centre for SDIs and Land Administration

Department of Geomatics

Modern Cadastre and LandAdministration

Modern Cadastre and LandModern Cadastre and Land

AdministrationAdministration

Jude Wallace

Session 4b. The cadastral concept and evolution

Session 4b. The cadastral concept and evolutionSession 4b. The cadastral concept and evolution


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Overview

Overview

Objectives– To understand the role of the cadastre in administration of a nation, its

operation and components.

Topics– The cadastral concept and the FIG Statement on the Cadastre– Historical development of cadastres– Components of a cadastre– Cadastral issues– Types of cadastres: Legal (Juridical) cadastres; Fiscal cadastres; Multi-

purpose cadastres

– Cadastral models– CADASTRE 2014

References– UNECE, Land Administration Guidelines, Meeting of Land Administrators [go to Meeting of Officials on Land Administration]– US Dept of Commerce, 1987. The Multi-purpose Cadastre: A Modern Approach to organising Land Data and Information,

NOAA, 12pp.


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An introduction to Cadastres

An introduction to Cadastres


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History of cadastresHistory of cadastres

• Egyptians 3000BC

• Italy 1600BC• Roman Empire 300AD

• Doomsday Book (William the

Conqueror) 1076• Maria Theresia Cadastre (Austro-

Hungarian Monarchy ) 1792

• Napoleonic Cadastre 1807


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Egyptian surveyors at workEgyptian surveyors at work


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Department of GeomaticsSource: Land Registration and Cadastral Systems (Gerhard Larsson)

Plan made about 1600 – 1400 BCEPlan made about 1600 – 1400 BCE


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We need a land information

policy

We need a land information

policy

David J Cowen. 2006. Chair of National Research Council Study on National Vision for Land Parcel Databases in US


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Features of modern cadastresFeatures of modern cadastres

Scientific– Modern cadastres are built according to scientific

standards using rigorous surveying methods.– Measurements and points are capable of being re-

established by similar or better rigorous processes.

People friendly– Cadastres allow people to interpret land information.

They form the basis of land management. They

reflect the way people actually use and think abouttheir land


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Source: Land Registration and Cadastral Systems

(Gerhard Larsson)

Extract from Swedish cadastral mapExtract from Swedish cadastral map


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Digital Cadastral Map : SwitzerlandDigital Cadastral Map : Switzerland


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LandAdministrationProject - The

Philippines

LandAdministrationProject - The

Philippines


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The basic building block inany land administration

system is the cadastralparcel.

Cadastres consist of twoparts –

registers and parcel maps.

The basic building block inany land administrationsystem is the cadastral

parcel.

Cadastres consist of twoparts –

registers and parcel maps.


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FIG Statement on the CadastreFIG Statement on the Cadastre

• The FIG Statement on the Cadastre highlights itsimportance as a land information system for social and

economic development from an internationalperspective and recognises the central role thatsurveyors play in its establishment and maintenance.

• The statement does not recommend a uniform cadastrefor every country or jurisdiction, but gives a range ofoptions for establishing and managing cadastres.


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PEOPLE


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A successful cadastre…A successful cadastre…

A successful Cadastre should provide

security of tenure, be simple andclear, be accessible, and providecurrent and reliable information atlow cost.


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Other essential elements of a moderncadastre

Other essential elements of a moderncadastre

• Dynamic

• Large scale maps

• Registers

• Complete – ALL LAND

• Correct and reliable

• Supported by a coordinated survey system

• Each parcel must have a unique identifier• Unambiguously defines parcel boundaries

both in map form and on the ground throughcadastral surveys

• Publicly accessible


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Today cadastres assist effective land

management

Today cadastres assist effective land

management• Effective land management requires land information

about resource capacity, tenure and use.

• The cadastre is the primary means of organising land

information.• The cadastre is –

– information identifying people who have interests in parcels

– information about interests (e.g. nature and duration of rights,restrictions, and responsibilities)

– information about parcels (e.g. their location, size, improvements,value)

– In digital systems CORE SPATIALLY ENABLED INFORMATION.

• THE CADASTRE IS UNIQUE BECAUSE IT REPRESENTSTHE WAY PEOPLE ACTUALLY USE THEIR LAND.


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Different cadastre typologiesDifferent cadastre typologies


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Functions of cadastresFunctions of cadastres

1. Legal cadastre – supports land

markets2. Fiscal cadastre – supports land

taxation

3. Multipurpose cadastre – supportsall LAS processes

4. The cadastre as an engine of LAS –

supports delivery of SustainableDevelopment


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A modern multipurpose cadastre

helps…

A modern multipurpose cadastre

helps…• sustainable development

• conveyancing system

• cadastral survey system• land use planning, land management and

environmental management

• management of publicly owned lands

• avoidance of duplication

• control of land transactions

• management of land dispute

• public confidence in LAS


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A parcel based land information systemSource: Ian Williamson

A parcel based land information systemSource: Ian Williamson

Fiscal

Other core spatialdata sets

Digital Cadastral

Data Base (DCDB)

Automated Land

Titles System (ALTS)

Linkage and Searching Mechanism

National GeodeticReference Framework

LocalGovernment

Utilities

Coordinationmechanism forstate-wide

geographicinformation

CadastralComponent

Lawyers/Surveyors

Spatial Component

Planning/Land Use


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Centre for SDIs and Land AdministrationDepartment of Geomatics

Source: National Research Council 1980

Tenure andvalue

records

Administrativerecords

Other parcel-related records

Parcel id

Cadastralboundaryoverlay

Resourcesrecords

Other recordsrelated records

Other Identifiers

Other

overlays jhgjhjh

Base maps

Geodetic reference framework

Data-exchange

Conventions

Multipurpose cadastre

components

Multipurpose cadastreMultipurpose cadastre

componentscomponents


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Source: Bogaerts et al,

2002

The role of the cadastre in the accession of Central

European Countries to the European Union

The role of the cadastre in the accession of CentralEuropean Countries to the European Union


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CADASTRE 2014CADASTRE 2014

Translated into 19 languages

Commission 7, FIG (1994-98)

Promotes

multipurpose cadastres whichinclude all public and private

rights


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Now cadastres are central to

Land Management Paradigm

Now cadastres are central to

Land Management Paradigm


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Cadastral systems service all LAS

processes

Cadastral systems service all LAS

processes


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1. MultipurposeCadastre(German style)

1. MultipurposeCadastre(German style)

2. Title or deedstenure stylecadastres

2. Title or deedstenure stylecadastres

3. Taxation driven

cadastre(Latin /Spanish /French)

3. Taxation driven

cadastre(Latin /Spanish /French)

Tenure

Value

Use

Development

Incorporating:

Land policy

SpatiallyenabledLAS

Services tobusinessandpublic

Countrycontext

Sustainabledevelopment

- Economic- Environmental- Social- Governance

Cadastralengines…

Landmanagement

paradigm

Spatiallyenabled

government

ParcelsPropertiesBuildingsRoads

I n t e g r a t e d

f u n c t i o n s

SDIMapping agencies

and other dataproviders

Betterdecisionmaking

Significance of the cadastre


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Cadastral issuesCadastral issues

• Documentation of informal or customary rights

• Land registration (deeds, title, combinations)• Land titling (sporadic and systematic)

• Parcels and properties

• Boundaries (fixed, graphical, general etc)

• Impact of technology

• Using the cadastre to as an engine of sustainable development


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Cadastral Template ProjectCadastral Template Project

Evaluates and benchmarks cadastral systems

world wide.Created by UN Resolution.

Shows how countries manage cadastral

issues

www.cadastraltemplate.org


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Australia’s cadastre in the digital age

- Cadlite

Australia’s cadastre in the digital age

- Cadlite

A PSMA PRODUCT


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Australia’s cadastre in the digital age -Geocoded National Address File G-NAF

Australia’s cadastre in the digital age -

Geocoded National Address File G-NAF

http://www.g-naf.com.au/about.htm

Th d t ill ti t


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The cadastre will continue to

evolve

Every nation will have itsown story

The cadastre will continue to

evolve

Every nation will have its

own story

Your questions?

Your comments?

04-the cadastral concept and evolution

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