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Former CEMEX Cement Works, Haslingfield Road, Barrington 7-1 Environmental Statement – Chapter 7: Ecology and Nature Conservation
7. ECOLOGY AND NATURE CONSERVATION
INTRODUCTION
7.1 This chapter of the ES has been prepared by MKA Ecology and describes an
assessment of the ecological features at the former CEMEX Cement Works in
Barrington. This assessment encompasses all ecological features of the Application
Site and those within the zone of influence.
7.2 The methodologies used to collect the baseline data are described, together with
the methodology for assessing any significant impacts that the Proposed
Development may have. The potential impacts are then assessed and their
significance is discussed, together with appropriate mitigating actions and
enhancement features. Finally residual impacts are described.
7.3 The Proposed Development has two distinct stages which are likely to have
different impacts on the ecological features of the Application Site, as follows;
Construction activities associated with ground works, existing building
demolition and building construction; and
Operational activities associated with the ongoing use of the Proposed
Development.
7.4 Potential impacts are varied and include habitat loss and disturbance of species.
However, opportunities have been optimised to provide appropriate mitigation and
enhancements to deliver biodiversity gains that are suitable for the surrounding
landscape character.
RELEVANT LEGISLATION, POLICY AND GUIDANCE
NATIONAL NATURE CONSERVATION LEGISLATION
Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations (2010)
7.5 The Conservation of Habitats and Species Regulations (2010) transpose the EC
Habitats Directive (1992) and the EC Birds Directive (1979) into UK law. The
Former CEMEX Cement Works, Haslingfield Road, Barrington 7-2 Environmental Statement – Chapter 7: Ecology and Nature Conservation
Regulations make provision for the designation of Special Areas of Conservation
(SACs) and Special Protected Areas (SPAs) which form a pan-European network of
sites known as Natura 2000 sites.
7.6 The Regulations provide protection for European Protected Species (EPS) against
capture, killing or disturbance (qualified as impacts on the ability of the EPS to
survive, breed, rear young, hibernate or migrate). It is also an offence to destroy,
damage or obstruct a resting place used by an EPS.
Wildlife and Countryside Act (1981) (as amended)
7.7 The Wildlife and Countryside Act (1981), and subsequent amendments, is the
principal mechanism for the legislative protection of wildlife in the UK. The Act
makes provisions for the designations of Sites of Special Scientific Interest (SSSIs)
which comprise examples of outstanding nature conservation or geological interest.
7.8 The Schedules of the Act give protection for species with Schedules 1 – 4 providing
protection for birds, Schedule 5 for notable animals and Schedule 8 for notable
plants. Schedule 9 of the Act specifically addresses non-native species.
Countryside and Rights of Way Act (2000)
7.9 The Countryside and Rights of Way Act (2000) provides further protection for SSSIs
designated under the Wildlife and Countryside Act (1981) and also provides further
protection for particular species making reckless disturbance an offence.
7.10 The Act requires government departments to have regard to biodiversity and
conservation and enables the development of lists of priority habitats and species
to be developed, for which specific conservation measures can be taken.
Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act (2006)
7.11 The Natural Environment and Rural Communities Act (NERC Act) (2006) makes
provision in respect of biodiversity, pesticides harmful to wildlife, protection of
birds and invasive non-native species. Section 40 of the NERC Act also introduced a
new duty on public bodies to have regard to the purpose of conserving biodiversity
in the exercise of their functions. Species and habitats listed on Section 41 of the
Former CEMEX Cement Works, Haslingfield Road, Barrington 7-3 Environmental Statement – Chapter 7: Ecology and Nature Conservation
NERC Act are included within the Biodiversity Action Plan (BAP) process. These are
known as Species and Habitats of Principal Importance.
Protection of Badgers Act (1992)
7.12 The original legislation protecting badgers was the Badgers Act (1973), this was
consolidated further with the Badgers (Further Protection) Act (1991) and finalised
in the Protection of Badgers Act (1992). The legislation makes it an offence to
wilfully take, kill, injure or ill-treat a Badger. It is also an offence to disturb,
obstruct, destruct or damage in any part a Badger’s sett.
The Hedgerow Regulations (1997)
7.13 The Hedgerow Regulations (1997) are intended to protect important countryside
hedges from destruction or damage in England and Wales. The regulations set out
a series of criteria with which to assess hedgerows and their value.
NATIONAL NATURE CONSERVATION POLICY AND GUIDANCE
National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) (2012)
7.14 The key principle of the NPPF is a presumption in favour of sustainable
development, with sustainable development defined as a balance between
economic, social and environmental needs. Paragraph 118 provides context for
nature conservation considerations, stating that in determining decisions local
planning authorities should aim to conserve and enhance biodiversity by applying
the following principles;
If significant harm resulting from a development cannot be avoided (by locating
on an alternative site with less harmful impacts), adequately mitigated, or, as a
last resort, compensated for, then planning permission should be refused;
Proposed development on land within or outside an SSSI, likely to have an
adverse effect on an SSSI (either individually or in combination with other
developments) should not normally be permitted. Where an adverse effect on
the site’s notified special interest features is likely, an exception should only be
made where the benefits of the development, at this site, clearly outweigh both
the impacts that it is likely to have on the features of the site that make it of
special scientific interest;
Former CEMEX Cement Works, Haslingfield Road, Barrington 7-4 Environmental Statement – Chapter 7: Ecology and Nature Conservation
Development proposals where the primary objective is to conserve or enhance
biodiversity should be permitted;
Opportunities to incorporate biodiversity in and around developments should
be encouraged;
Planning permission should be refused for development resulting in the loss or
deterioration of irreplaceable habitats, including ancient woodland and the loss
of aged or veteran trees found outside ancient woodland, unless the need for,
and benefits of, the development in that location clearly outweigh the loss; and
The following wildlife sites should be given the same protection as European
sites: potential SPA and potential SAC; listed or proposed Ramsar sites; and sites
identified, or required, as compensatory measures for adverse effects on
European sites, potential SPA, potential SAC, and listed or proposed Ramsar
sites.
7.15 Paragraph 119 states the presumption in favour of sustainable development does
not apply where development requiring appropriate assessment under the Birds or
Habitats Directives is being considered, planned or determined.
The Natural Choice (2011)
7.16 The UK Government published a white paper ‘The Natural Choice: securing the
value of nature’ in June 2011. This document sets out a series of commitments
relating, in particular, to the protection and improvement of the natural
environment, the development of a green economy, and strengthening the
connection between people and nature.
Biodiversity 2020: A strategy for England’s wildlife and ecosystem services (2011)
7.17 Biodiversity 2020 provides a strategy to build on the Natural Choice 2011 white
paper and provides a comprehensive picture of how international and EU
commitments are to be implemented. It sets outs strategic direction for biodiversity
policy in terrestrial, aquatic and marine habitats. The mission strategy is;
‘To halt overall biodiversity loss, support healthy well-functioning ecosystems and
establish coherent ecological networks, with more and better places for nature for
the benefit of wildlife and people’.
Former CEMEX Cement Works, Haslingfield Road, Barrington 7-5 Environmental Statement – Chapter 7: Ecology and Nature Conservation
UK Biodiversity Action Plan
7.18 The UK Biodiversity Action Plan (BAP) was published in January 1994 in response to
Article 6 of the Biodiversity Convention, to develop national strategies for the
conservation of biological diversity and the sustainable use of biological resources.
In 2007, a new updated list of UK BAP Priority Species was published. The full list
of species and habitats are provided on the UK BAP website.
7.19 The UKBAP includes contributions from Government, statutory conservation
agencies, the academic world and the voluntary sector. It committed the then
Government and its agencies to programmes or tasks to conserve species and
habitats. UKBAP priority habitats and species are listed on Section 41 of the NERC
Act.
LOCAL NATURE CONSERVATION POLICY AND GUIDANCE
Cambridgeshire Green Infrastructure Strategy 2011
7.20 The Cambridgeshire Green Infrastructure Strategy is designed to co-ordinate the
delivery of Green Infrastructure in the county and in doing so help to reverse the
decline in biodiversity, mitigate and adapt to climate change, promote sustainable
growth and economic development and support healthy living and well-being.
7.21 The Application Site lies within Target Area 6.6 West Cambridgeshire Woodlands
with Strategic Area 6 of the Strategy; Cambridge and Surrounding Areas.
Opportunities highlighted within this target area include;
Biodiversity: improve woodland management and linkage projects, creating
species-rich grasslands and Water Vole conservation;
Climate Change: Woodland management and creation to contribute to the
storage of carbon;
Green Infrastructure Gateways: Developing linkages between villages and
woodlands;
Heritage: Promoting and explaining the history of traditional woodland
management;
Landscape: Improving landscape through woodland and land management;
Former CEMEX Cement Works, Haslingfield Road, Barrington 7-6 Environmental Statement – Chapter 7: Ecology and Nature Conservation
Publicly Accessible Open Space: Create new areas of accessible green spaces
through woodland creation; and
Rights of Way: Improve links from villages to neighbouring woodlands.
South Cambridgeshire Development Control Policies Development Plan
Document (Adopted July 2007) (forming part of the Local Development
Framework)
7.22 Policies NE/6 and NE/7 of the South Cambridgeshire District Council Local
Development Framework relate specifically to biodiversity. In summary Policy NE/6
states;
1. New development should aim to maintain, enhance, restore or add to
biodiversity.
2. The District Council will refuse development that would have an adverse
significant impact on the population or conservation status of protected species
or priority species or habitat unless the impact can be adequately mitigated or
compensated for.
3. Where there are grounds to believe that a proposal may affect a protected
species or priority species or habitat, applicants will be expected to provide an
adequate level of survey information to establish the extent of the potential
impact together with possible alternatives to the development, mitigation
schemes and / or compensation measures.
4. New development will have regard to the impact, ether direct or indirect, of a
proposal on people’s opportunity to enjoy and experience nature on a site
together with opportunities to improve public access to, and understanding of,
the natural environment.
5. Previously developed land will not be considered to be devoid of biodiversity
value.
6. Exceptionally, where economic or social benefits of a proposal outweigh harm
to an important site or species, the approach will be first to avoid or minimise
the harm, then to seek mitigation of the impact, and finally to secure
appropriate compensation for any residual impact in order to ensure no net loss
of biodiversity.
7. Planning permission will not be granted for development which would have an
unacceptable adverse impact on the biodiversity of the Natural Area which the
site falls within. The Application Site lies within the East Anglian Chalk
Landscape Character Area and Natural Area.
Former CEMEX Cement Works, Haslingfield Road, Barrington 7-7 Environmental Statement – Chapter 7: Ecology and Nature Conservation
7.23 In summary Policy NE/7 states;
1. Planning permission will not be granted for proposals that may have an
unacceptable adverse impact, either directly or indirectly, on a site of
biodiversity of geological importance.
2. In determining any planning application affecting international, national or
non-statutory protected site the District Council will ensure that the intrinsic
natural features are safeguarded or enhanced.
3. Where appropriate the District Council will ensure the effective management of
designated sites through the imposition of planning conditions or Section 106
agreements.
South Cambridgeshire Local Development Framework Biodiversity Supplementary Planning Document (Adopted July 2009)
7.24 The Biodiversity Supplementary Planning Document forms part of the Local
Development framework and builds on the district wide policies therein. The
Biodiversity Supplementary Planning Document states that development proposals
will be considered against the following Biodiversity Issues in order to appreciate
how they have considered the requirements of national policy and the Local
Development Framework:
Protection, enhancement, creation, restoration and management of biodiversity
habitats.
Biodiversity site protection for recognised areas of nature conservation interest.
Mitigation and compensation where biodiversity impacts are predicted.
Planning obligations through the use of Section 106 agreements.
Protection and enhancements of wildlife corridors.
Protection of ancient woodland.
Biodiversity provision in the design of new buildings.
Provision of green roofs and walls.
Maximising the biodiversity potential of agricultural land.
South Cambridgeshire District Council Local Plan (Proposed Submission Version, July 2013)
7.25 Emerging planning policy in the form of South Cambridge Local Plan was submitted
to the Secretary of State in March 2014.
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7.26 Policy NH/2 states that development will only be permitted where it respects and
retains, or enhances the local character and distinctiveness of the local landscape
and of the individual National Character Area in which it is located (in this instance
the East Anglian Chalk Landscape Character Area and Natural Area).
7.27 Policy NH/4 relates to biodiversity and in summary states;
1. Development will be permitted where the primary objective is to conserve or
enhance biodiversity.
2. New development must aim to maintain, enhance, restore or add to
biodiversity.
3. If significant harm to the population or conservations status of a Protected
Species, Priority Species or Priority Habitat resulting from development cannot
be avoided, adequately mitigated, or, as a last resort, compensated for, then
planning permission will be refused.
4. Where there are grounds to believe that a proposal may affect a Protected
Species, Priority Species or Priority Habitat, applicants will be expected to
provide an adequate level of survey information and site assessment to
establish the extent of a potential impact.
5. Previously Developed Land will not be considered to be devoid of biodiversity.
6. Planning permission will be refused for development resulting in the loss,
deterioration or fragmentation of irreplaceable habitats, such as ancient
woodland, unless the need for, and benefits of, the development clearly
outweigh the loss.
7. Climate change poses a serious threat to biodiversity and initiatives to reduce
its impact need to be considered.
7.28 Policy NH/5 relates to sites of geological and biodiversity importance and in
summary states;
1. Proposed development likely to have an adverse effect on land within or
adjoining a Site of Biodiversity or Geological Importance will not normally be
permitted.
2. In determining any application affecting Site of Biodiversity or Geological
Importance the Council will ensure that the intrinsic natural features of
particular interest are safeguarded or enhanced.
Former CEMEX Cement Works, Haslingfield Road, Barrington 7-9 Environmental Statement – Chapter 7: Ecology and Nature Conservation
3. Where appropriate the Council will ensure the effective management of
designated sites through the imposition of planning conditions or Section 106
agreements.
7.29 Policy NH/6 relates to Green Infrastructure and in summary states;
1. The Council will aim to conserve and enhance green infrastructure within the
district. Proposals impacting upon this network will not be permitted unless a
clear substantial need can be demonstrated.
2. The Council will encourage proposals which will reinforce the network and
promote public understanding.
3. The Council will support proposals which deliver the strategic green
infrastructure network and priorities set out within the Cambridgeshire Green
Infrastructure Strategy.
4. All new developments will be required to contribute towards the enhancement
of the green infrastructure network within the district.
7.30 Policy NH/7 relates to Ancient Woodlands and Veteran Trees and in summary states
that;
1. Planning permission will be refused for development resulting in the loss of
deterioration of ancient woodland or veteran trees found outside ancient
woodland unless a clear substantial need can be demonstrated.
2. Development proposal affecting ancient woodland or veteran trees will be
expected to mitigate for any adverse impacts and to contribute to further
enhancement and management.
Cambridgeshire and Peterborough Biodiversity Action Plan (BAP)
7.31 The Cambridgeshire and Peterborough BAP provides a framework for initiating BAP
activities applicable at a local level. Local Habitat Action Plans have been developed
for a range of habitats including arable field margins and brownfield habitats,
which are relevant to the Application Site. Species Action Plans have been
developed for a range of species including Grey Partridge, Pipistrelle bats and
Skylark.
Former CEMEX Cement Works, Haslingfield Road, Barrington 7-10 Environmental Statement – Chapter 7: Ecology and Nature Conservation
ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY AND SIGNIFICANCE CRITERIA
ASSESSMENT OF BASELINE CONDITIONS
Desktop study
7.32 A desktop study was undertaken to obtain existing ecological data for the
Application Site and a 2km buffer surrounding it. Information on statutory and
non-statutory sites designated for their nature conservation value was obtained
together with records of protected and notable species. Desktop study information
can be a useful indication of the ecological receptors within a given area but an
absence of data should not be accepted as an absence of species or habitats. Data
were obtained from the following organisations;
Cambridgeshire and Peterborough Environmental Records Centre (CPERC): Non-
statutory site information and protected and notable species records.
Multi-agency Geographic Information for the Countryside (MAGIC): Statutory
site information.
Field surveys
7.33 Field surveys have been undertaken at the Application Site in order to obtain site
specific data. Furthermore, field surveys on occasions included surrounding
habitats where considered necessary.
7.34 Site specific field surveys undertaken were;
Preliminary Ecological Assessment (comprising desktop study, Phase 1 Habitat
Survey, Protected Species Scoping Survey) 2012 (Thomson Ecology, Appendix
7.1) and 2013/2014 (MKA Ecology Ltd, Appendix 7.2) following Joint Nature
Conservation Committee (JNCC, 2010) methodology;
Diurnal Bat Inspection Survey (buildings and trees) 2013/2014 (MKA Ecology
Ltd, Appendix 7.3) following Bat Conservation Trust methodology (BCT, 2012);
Bat Hibernation Survey 2013/2014 (MKA Ecology Ltd, Appendix 7.4) following
BCT (2012) methodology;
Nocturnal Bat Roost and General Bat Activity Survey 2014 (MKA Ecology Ltd,
Appendix 7.5) following BCT (2012) methodology;
Former CEMEX Cement Works, Haslingfield Road, Barrington 7-11 Environmental Statement – Chapter 7: Ecology and Nature Conservation
Reptile Survey 2013 (MKA Ecology Ltd, Appendix 7.6) following Froglife (1999)
and JNCC (2004) methodologies;
Badger Survey and Badger Bait-marking Survey 2013/2014 (MKA Ecology Ltd,
Appendix 7.7) following bait-marking methodology established by Delahay et
al. (2000);
Wintering/passage Bird Survey 2013/2014 (MKA Ecology Ltd, Appendix 7.8)
following British Trust for Ornithology (BTO) Wetland Bird Survey (WeBS)
methodology (BTO, 2010) and Scottish Natural Heritage methodology (SNH,
2005);
Breeding Bird Survey (Thomson Ecology, 2012, Appendix 7.9) and Breeding
Bird Survey2014 (MKA Ecology Ltd, Appendix 7.10) following the BTO reduced
effort Common Bird Census (CBC) methodology (Marchant, 1983 and Bibby et
al., 2000);
Great Crested Newt Survey 2014 (MKA Ecology Ltd, Appendix 7.11) following
English Nature methodology (English Nature, 2001);
Invertebrate Survey 2014 (Colin Plant Associates, Appendix 7.12) using
standard techniques including sweep-netting, beating trees and bushes, suction
sampling, MV light-trapping, actinic light-trapping, pitfall trapping and Malaise
trapping; and
Arboricultural Survey 2014 (ADAS UK Ltd, Appendix 7.13) following
recommendations contained within the British Standard 5837:2012 ‘Trees in
relation to design and construction – Recommendations’.
7.35 Detailed survey reports can be found in Appendices 7.1 to 7.13. Limitations,
constraints and assumptions are described below.
ASSESSMENT OF IMPACT
7.36 The assessment method for this ecological assessment is based on guidance issued
by the Institute of Ecology and Environmental Management (IEEM, 2006), now the
Chartered Institute Ecology and Environmental Management (CIEEM) which is then
informed by contextual information for the Application Site and professional
judgement.
7.37 The method involves four key stages:
Baseline Studies;
Identification of Valued Ecological Receptors (VERs) and their sensitivity;
Former CEMEX Cement Works, Haslingfield Road, Barrington 7-12 Environmental Statement – Chapter 7: Ecology and Nature Conservation
Identification and Characterisation of Potential Impacts; and
Assessment of Impact Significance.
7.38 Following this is an assessment of any ecological enhancement, compensatory or
mitigation measures to avoid or reduce the ecological impacts and finally an
assessment of any residual impacts.
Assessment of ecological value and identification of Valued Ecological Receptors
7.39 Valued Ecological Receptors (VER) are identified from amongst the sites of known
importance for nature conservation, species populations, species assemblages and
habitats present within the zone of influence of the Proposed Development. VER
are habitats and species that are valued in some way, and could be affected by the
Proposed Development. The possible zone of influence was used to inform the
special scope of the desktop study and subsequently refined to inform field surveys.
7.40 The value of sites, populations of species, species assemblages and habitats is
evaluated with reference to their importance in terms of ‘biodiversity conservation’
value (which relates to the need to conserve representative areas of different
habitats and the genetic diversity of species populations).
7.41 For the purposes of this assessment, sites, species populations, species assemblages
and habitats have been valued using the following scale:
International;
National or UK wide;
Regional/County;
District;
Local;
Site; and
Negligible.
7.42 Table 7.1, below, qualifies these criteria.
Former CEMEX Cement Works, Haslingfield Road, Barrington 7-13 Environmental Statement – Chapter 7: Ecology and Nature Conservation
Table 7.1: Description of VER value classifications
Value of feature
Key examples
International An internationally designated site or candidate site (SPA, pSPA, SAC, cSAC, pSAC, Ramsar site, Biogenetic Reserve) or an area which meets the designation criteria for such sites. Internationally significant and viable areas of a habitat type listed in Annexe 1 of the Habitats Directive, or smaller areas of such habitat, which are essential to maintain the viability of a larger whole. Any regularly occurring, globally threatened species. A regularly occurring population of an internationally important species, which is threatened or rare in the UK, of uncertain conservation status. A regularly occurring, nationally significant population/number of any internationally important species.
National or UK wide
A nationally designated site (e.g. SSSI, NNR) or a discrete area which meets the published selection criteria for national designation (e.g. SSSI selection guidelines) irrespective of whether or not it has yet been notified. A viable area of a UK BAP priority habitat or smaller areas of such habitat which are essential to maintain the viability of a larger whole. A regularly occurring significant number/population of a nationally important species e.g. listed on the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 (as amended). A regularly occurring population of a nationally important species that is threatened or rare in the county or region. A feature identified as being of critical importance in the UK BAP.
Regional/County Viable areas of key habitat identified in the Regional or County BAP or smaller areas of such a habitat, which are essential to maintain the viability of the larger whole. Regional/county significant and viable areas of key habitat identified as being of regional value in the appropriate Natural England Natural Area. A regularly occurring significant population/number of any important species important at a regional/county level. Any regularly occurring, locally significant population of a species which is listed in a Regional/County RDB (Colston et al., 1997) or BAP on account of its regional rarity or localisation. Sites of conservation importance that exceed the district selection criteria but that fall short of SSSI selection guidelines.
District Areas of habitat identified in a District BAP or in the relevant Natural Area profile. Sites that the designating authority has determined meet the published ecological selection criteria for designation, including Local Nature Reserves selected on District ecological criteria. Sites/features that are scarce within the District or which appreciably enrich the District habitat resource. A diverse and/or ecologically valuable hedgerow network. A population of a species that is listed in a District BAP because of its rarity in the locality or in the relevant Natural Area profile because of its regional rarity or localisation. A regularly occurring, locally significant number of a District important species during key phases of its life cycle.
Local Areas identified in a Local BAP or the relevant natural area profile. Sites/features which area scarce in the locality or which are considered to appreciably enrich the habitat resource within the local context, e.g. species rich hedgerows. Local Nature Reserves selected on Local ecological criteria. Significant numbers/population of a locally important species e.g. one which is listed on the Local BAP.
Site Habitats of moderate to low diversity which support a range of locally and nationally common species.
Negligible Having no/minimal ecological value.
Former CEMEX Cement Works, Haslingfield Road, Barrington 7-14 Environmental Statement – Chapter 7: Ecology and Nature Conservation
Identification and characterisation of potential impacts
7.43 The magnitude of change for each potential impact is determined using Table 7.2.
Table 7.3 lists the criteria used for characterisation of each potential impact.
Table 7.2: Criterial for magnitude of change
Magnitude of change
Assessment criteria
Large The proposed development will have effects resulting in a change in the integrity of a site, or a change in the ability of a species to retain its current population status (at a regional or higher level).
Medium The proposed development will have effects which would alter key attributes of a site but which would not result in a permanent or widespread change to a site’s evaluation, or will result in permanent or widespread changes in the distribution of a species but not affect its population status at a regional level.
Small The proposed development will have effects which would neither alter key attributes of a site nor change its evaluation, or will affect the distribution or status of a species at a local level.
Negligible/None No discernible impact.
Table 7.3: Characterisation of potential impacts
Characteristic Description Beneficial or adverse
Whether the effect will result in net loss or degradation of a VER or whether it will enhance or improve it.
Magnitude The size or intensity of the effect measured in relevant terms e.g.number of individuals lost or gained, area of habitat lost or created or the degree of change to existing conditions (e.g. noise or lighting levels).
Extent The spatial scope of the effect, for example the physical area affected or the geographical pattern of the effect.
Duration The length of time over which the effect occurs.Reversibility The extent to which effects are reversible either spontaneously or
through active mitigation. Timing and frequency
Consideration of the timing of events in relation to ecological change, some effects may be of greater significance if they take place at certain times of year (e.g. breeding season). The extent to which an effect is repeated may also be of importance.
Assessment of impact significance
7.44 The sensitivity of any species or feature to the Proposed Development must also be
considered when determining the significance of any impact upon a particular
species or habitat. This is based on the conservation value or importance of that
species or habitat, as outlined in Table 7.4.
Former CEMEX Cement Works, Haslingfield Road, Barrington 7-15 Environmental Statement – Chapter 7: Ecology and Nature Conservation
Table 7.4: Criteria for assessing sensitivity of VER
Sensitivity of VER
Assessment criteria
High Sites, habitats or species of at least regional importance, as identified through field survey, desk survey or consultation or features are likely to be significantly affected by the proposals.
Moderate Sites or species of district or county importance, as identified through field survey, desk survey or consultation or features, although potentially affected, which will not suffer significant effects as a result of the proposals.
Low Sites, habitats or species of local or site importance, as identified through field survey, desk survey or consultation or features which will not be significantly affected by the proposals.
Negligible/None Features of negligible or no ecological value which will not be affected by the proposals.
7.45 The magnitude of impacts can be used, together with the VER sensitivity, in order
to determine the significance of any effects the Proposed Development is likely to
have. It should be noted that such impacts may be beneficial or adverse. The
matrix below (Table 7.5) is used to determine the significance of impacts upon sites
and species.
Table 7.5: Matrix for assessing significance of impacts
Sensitivity of receptor
Mag
nit
ud
e o
f ch
ang
e
High Moderate Low Negligible None
Large Very substantial
Substantial Slight / Moderate
Negligible No effect
Medium Substantial Moderate Slight Negligible No effect
Small Moderate Slight Negligible / Slight
Negligible No effect
Negligible Slight Negligible / Slight
Negligible Negligible No effect
None No effect No effect No effect No effect No effect
7.46 Mitigation/compensation should be provided for all significant adverse effects in
order to prevent any loss in biodiversity and to ensure the Proposed Development
adheres to the policies listed above. With regard to the EIA Regulations if an effect
is thought to be very substantial, substantial or moderate then it is considered
significant.
7.47 The significance of the potential impacts without any mitigation are described in
further detail below relating to each phase of the Proposed Development
Former CEMEX Cement Works, Haslingfield Road, Barrington 7-16 Environmental Statement – Chapter 7: Ecology and Nature Conservation
(construction and operation). The significance of any residual impacts taking into
account mitigation are then discussed.
Arboricultural Impact Assessment
7.48 The Arboricultural Impact Assessment (AIA) is conducted using a different
methodology. The trees (or groups of trees) are categorised as either unsuitable for
retention ‘U’ grade trees, high quality ‘A’ grade trees, moderate quality ‘B’ grade
trees, or low quality ‘C’ grade trees. The AIA is contained within Appendix 7.12.
LIMITATIONS AND ASSUMPTIONS
7.49 It should be noted that ecological surveys provide information from a moment in
time and often represent a sampling of general conditions rather than a precise
measurement of all ecological features. Standard guidance and survey
methodologies were followed where feasible, although in some circumstances
limitations and constraints were encountered during the assessment of baseline
conditions. These limitations are set out below.
Diurnal Bat Inspection Survey
7.50 Many buildings contained a significant amount of dust and debris which may
obscure signs of bat activity, such as the deposition of feeding remains or
droppings.
7.51 Several buildings, or sections of buildings, were inaccessible due to safety concerns
and therefore detailed searches of these areas were not feasible. In these
circumstances areas were surveyed remotely using binoculars. Where a full search
could not be conducted nocturnal surveys were completed to ascertain the
presence or absence of roosting bats.
Hibernation Bat Survey
7.52 Due to safety concerns it was not possible to access the internal parts of all
buildings and automatic bat detectors were used, where feasible, to gather
additional information.
Former CEMEX Cement Works, Haslingfield Road, Barrington 7-17 Environmental Statement – Chapter 7: Ecology and Nature Conservation
Nocturnal Bat Roost and General Bat Activity Survey
7.53 Results from bat detector surveys are biased towards bats that use louder
echolocation calls. Therefore quiet species, such as Brown Long-eared Bat Plecous
auritus, may be under recorded. To eliminate this constraint, surveyors were vigilant
for visual cues for this species and infra-red video equipment was used, where
required.
7.54 In some circumstances it is not possible to confirm the species of bat with absolute
confidence using sound analysis techniques. In particular some calls of Common
Pipistrelle PIpistrellus pipistrellus and Soprano Pipistrelle Pipistrellus pygmaeus
overlap making species identification difficult. In these circumstances the bat can be
identified as a Pipistrellus sp. only. Within this document where Pipistrellus sp. is
used this refers only to Common Pipistrelle and Soprano Pipistrelle. This should not
be interpreted as other species of the Pipistrellus genus, such as Nathusius’
Pipistrelle Pipistrellus nathusii which, although it occurs relatively frequently within
the UK is not commonly recorded. Where Pipistrelle species other than Common or
Soprano are suspected this will be directly referenced and discussed. Similarly calls
of Myotis species can demonstrate a large number of overlapping parameters
making identification difficult. Where this is the case the bat call was assigned as
Myotis sp.
Reptile Survey
7.55 An abundance of natural refugia occurring at the Application Site had the potential
to limit the effectiveness of artificial refugia used during the survey. To eliminate
this constraint all refugia (natural and artificial were checked during survey effort).
7.56 The Application Site boundary was extended following completion of the reptile
survey with the result that some areas were not included within the survey. This
constraint was discussed with the South Cambridgeshire District Council Ecology
Officer and it was not considered to be significant, given the lack of reptile records
on the survey and historical survey data for the Application Site. It was considered
unlikely that reptiles would be present within this extended area given their
absence in adjacent habitat which was highly suitable for these species.
Former CEMEX Cement Works, Haslingfield Road, Barrington 7-18 Environmental Statement – Chapter 7: Ecology and Nature Conservation
Badger Survey
7.57 Patches of very dense vegetation could not be surveyed in detail due to access
restrictions. In these circumstances the perimeters and paths were inspected for
Badger field signs.
Wintering/passage Bird Survey
7.58 The woodland to the south was included within the Application Site boundary after
the conclusion of the wintering/passage bird surveys and was therefore not
included within this survey effort. The impacts within the woodland are considered
unlikely to significantly impact upon wintering and passage bird communities and
therefore this is not considered to present a significant constraint.
Breeding Bird Survey
7.59 The survey methodology defines a species holding a territory when any breeding
activity is recorded on one or more visits. However, as some migratory species (for
example Firecrest Regulus ignicapillus and Phylloscopus warblers) are known to sing
on migration, there is some potential for over-estimating the breeding population
of such migratory species. This is therefore a cautious approach to ensure that the
greatest potential of the Application Site is recorded through the survey approach,
thereby avoiding any risk of understating the value of the Application Site.
Great Crested Newt Survey
7.60 It was not possible to survey Pond C because access to this area was not permitted.
7.61 It was not possible to use the bottle-trapping technique in all ponds because of
their depth. In these circumstances other survey methodologies (including torch
lighting, netting and egg searching) were used to eliminate this constraint.
7.62 Additional constraints encountered during the Great Crested Newt Survey were
largely due to either vegetation or access difficulties in reaching all banks of the
ponds. This was no more than would be expected for any suite of pond surveys
however, and so is not considered to have affected the overall results.
Former CEMEX Cement Works, Haslingfield Road, Barrington 7-19 Environmental Statement – Chapter 7: Ecology and Nature Conservation
BASELINE CONDITIONS
DESKTOP STUDY
Statutory Nature Conservation Site Designations
7.63 Two statutorily designated sites were identified within 2km of the Application Site
the desktop study. Barrington Chalk Pit Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) is
situated directly north of the Application Site and is designated for its geological
interest with an exposure of the Cretaceous Cambridge Greensand. Barrington Pit
SSSI, which is separate from the chalk quarry, is situated approximately 1.5km
south west of the Application Site and is designated for its geological interest with
a nationally important fossil record of vertebrate fauna from the Pleistocene Period
of the Quaternary. As both of these sites are designated for their geological interest
they are not considered further within this Chapter.
7.64 In addition to these designated sites there is Eversden and Wimpole Wood SSSI and
SAC which is located approximately 4.5km to the west of the Application Site.
Eversden and Wimpole Woods SSSI/SAC are of international significance for their
breeding population of Barbastelle Bat Barbastella barbastellus which are listed on
Annex II of the European Habitats Directive. The Application Site lies just within the
boundary of the Barbastelle Bat Area of Importance for Eversden and Wimpole
Woods SAC as highlighted within the South Cambridgeshire Local Development
Framework Biodiversity Supplementary Planning Document.
7.65 The Eversden and Wimpole Wood SSSI/SAC VER is considered to be of
International Value and is therefore of High sensitivity.
Non-statutory Nature Conservation Site Designations
7.66 Two non-statutory sites of nature conservation interest are situated within 2km of
the Application Site which are designated as County Wildlife Sites (CWS).
7.67 Haslingfield Pit CWS is situated approximately 1.5km north east of the Application
Site. Haslingfield Pit supports a population of a Nationally Scarce vascular plant
species Man Orchid Aceras anthropophorum, and supports frequent numbers of at
least six strong calcareous indicator species.
Former CEMEX Cement Works, Haslingfield Road, Barrington 7-20 Environmental Statement – Chapter 7: Ecology and Nature Conservation
7.68 The River Rhee CWS is situated to the south of the Application Site where it flows
west to east south of Barrington village and then north past Haslingfield and
Harston. Its closest point to the Application Site is approximately 1km to the south.
The River Rhee CWS has been designated because it is a major river not grossly
modified by pollution or canalisation. Additionally it has areas with concentrations
of mature pollard willows. The River Rhee is also known to support populations of
notable species such as Otter Lutra lutra, Water Vole Arvicola amphibious, and
Brown Trout Salmo trutta. The catchment has also historically supported a
population of White-clawed Crayfish Austropotamobius pallipes, although the
current status of this species is unknown.
7.69 Both Haslingfield Pit CWS and the River Rhee CWS are designated at a county level
and therefore they are considered to be of County Value and thus of Moderate
sensitivity.
7.70 The locations of the nature conservation sites with a 2km radius from the
Application Site are shown in Figure 3.3.
EXISTING APPLICATION SITE ECOLOGY
Habitats
7.71 Habitats recorded within the Application Site include semi-natural broadleaved
woodland, broadleaf plantation woodland, mixed plantation woodland, dense
scrub, calcareous semi-improved grassland, tall ruderal, swamp, standing water,
ephemeral/short perennial, introduced shrub and hedgerow. A Phase 1 Habitat map
is provided in Figure 7.1.
Semi-natural broadleaf woodland
7.72 Semi-natural broadleaf woodland was a dominant habitat type to the south and
along the eastern perimeter of the Application Site. These habitat parcels comprised
largely of Hawthorn Crataegus monogyna, Sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus, Field
Maple Acer campestris, Sweet Chestnut Castanea sativa, Beech Fagus sylvatica,
Horse Chestnut Aesculus hippocastanum and Alder Alnus glutinosa. The understory
was of low diversity with Rosa sp., Ground Ivy Glechoma hederacea, Ivy Hedera
helix and Bramble Rubus sp., Herb Robert Geranium robertianum.
Former CEMEX Cement Works, Haslingfield Road, Barrington 7-21 Environmental Statement – Chapter 7: Ecology and Nature Conservation
7.73 The broadleaf woodland in the south of the Application Site was mature with a
number of specimen trees of significant age. In particular are several Horse
Chestnut trees along the banks of the moat and a line of large Beech trees to the
west which are thought to be a relic boundary feature. Much of this section of the
woodland is considered to be planted, possibly originally associated with the
gardens of neighbouring Barrington Hall. The belts of woodland forming the
eastern boundary of the Application Site are also thought to have been initially
planted as buffering for the quarry site.
7.74 This habitat type falls under the UK BAP Priority habitat ‘Lowland Mixed Deciduous
Woodland’ and is also a Cambridgeshire BAP Priority Habitat. However the semi-
natural broadleaf woodland present within the Application Site is not considered to
be a good example of this due the low species diversity. These woodlands were
overall considered to be of Local Value and therefore of Low sensitivity.
Broadleaf plantation woodland
7.75 This habitat type occurs within the PDL at the Application Site and dominated by
semi-mature trees, some of which are native including Ash Fraxinus excelsior, Horse
Chestnut, Cherry trees Prunus sp. and Sycamore.
7.76 This woodland type is also covered by UK BAP Priority habitat ‘Lowland Mixed
Deciduous Woodland’ and is also a Cambridgeshire BAP Priority Habitat, however it
was extremely limited in area and because of this and the poor quality of the
woodland it was considered to be of Site Value only and therefore of Low
sensitivity.
Mixed plantation woodland
7.77 A strip of mixed plantation woodland is present along the western perimeter of the
Application Site. This is immature plantation woodland contains broadleaf species
such as Hawthorn and Blackthorn Prunus spinosa and the understory is poor
comprising occasional Ground Ivy and Ivy.
7.78 This woodland type is also covered by UK BAP Priority habitat ‘Lowland Mixed
Deciduous Woodland’ and is also a Cambridgeshire BAP Priority Habitat, however
was limited in quality and it was thus considered to be of Site Value only and
therefore of Low sensitivity.
Former CEMEX Cement Works, Haslingfield Road, Barrington 7-22 Environmental Statement – Chapter 7: Ecology and Nature Conservation
Dense scrub
7.79 Areas of dense scrub surrounded the lakes and occurred at other scattered
locations throughout the Application Site. This habitat type was dominated by
Hawthorn and Blackthorn with frequent Bramble and Rosa sp.. Due to the low
diversity and small extent this habitat type was considered to be of Site Value only,
and of Low sensitivity.
Calcareous semi-improved grassland
7.80 Calcareous semi-improved grassland was present within the PDL at the Application
Site and was largely associated with former areas of landscaping around buildings.
These areas contained a moderate diversity of species with strong calcareous
indicators (Yellow-wort Blackstonia perfoliata, Dwarf Thistle Cirsium acaule and
Salad Burnet Sanguisorba minor) and weak indicators (Common Knapweed
Centaurea nigra, Common Centaury Centaurium erythraea, Perforate St John’s-wort
Hypericum perforatum and Cowslip Primula veris).
7.81 This habitat type is covered under UK BAP Priority Habitat ‘Lowland Calcareous
Grassland’ and Cambridgeshire BAP Priority Habitats. It typically develops on
shallow soils over chalk and is defined by a diverse range of floral species which
support a wide range of specialist invertebrate species.
7.82 Only three strong and four weak calcareous grassland indicator species were
recorded across the entire Application Site during the survey effort. This does not
represent high quality calcareous grassland within the Application Site although it
provides strong evidence of the underlying chalk substrate. Based on the highly
dispersed and low numbers of chalk grassland indicator species within this habitat
type it is not considered to represent a good example of this habitat type, and is
therefore considered to be of Local Value and Low sensitivity.
Tall ruderal
7.83 Small areas of tall ruderal habitat were present at several locations across the
Application Site dominated by species such as Common Nettle Urtica dioica. This
habitat type was considered to have limited ecological value and as such it is
assessed as having Site Value and Low sensitivity.
Former CEMEX Cement Works, Haslingfield Road, Barrington 7-23 Environmental Statement – Chapter 7: Ecology and Nature Conservation
Swamp
7.84 A small area of swamp habitat present around the perimeter of W1 was dominated
by Common Reed Phragmites australis. Swamp is listed as a UK BAP Priority Habitat
type, however this example of the habitat does not qualify under the criteria as it is
a strip less than 5m wide adjacent to standing water. Therefore this habitat can be
considered of Site Value and Low sensitivity.
Standing water
7.85 A large area of standing water is present within the Application Site. This is a
freshwater lake (referred to as W1) and covers an area of approximately 1ha. No
vegetation was recorded in this water body with the exception of the swamp
habitat described above. This lake makes up part of a wider complex of water
bodies across the former quarry site which is of potential value to bird species.
Overall the standing water within the Application Site is considered to be of Site
Value and Low sensitivity.
Ephemeral/short perennial
7.86 Ephemeral/short perennial was a frequently occurring habitat type across the
Application Site and is typical of quarries and abandoned industrial premises.
Typically no species is dominant and this habitat type is common in the early stages
of succession prior to the formation of grasslands or woodlands.
7.87 These habitat parcels within the Application Site varied with some more vegetated
and others with larger areas of bare ground. Typically these habitats were identified
within the PDL (around the former rail tracks for example) or around the recently
disturbed sections surrounding the lakes. Species composition was varied with
occasional calcareous indicators as described above.
7.88 This habitat type is covered by the UK BAP Priority Habitat ‘Open Mosaic Habitats
on Previously Developed Land’ and the Cambridgeshire BAP Priority Habitat
‘Brownfield and Built’. It is generally typified by the diversity of habitats contained
within it. These habitats are usually described as ‘brownfield’ and comprise old
industrial or extraction sites with a diverse mosaic of habitats from bare ground, to
early successional vegetation through to more mature areas such as scrub and
Former CEMEX Cement Works, Haslingfield Road, Barrington 7-24 Environmental Statement – Chapter 7: Ecology and Nature Conservation
woodland. These habitats can provide important foraging and shelter for a wide
range of notable invertebrate species.
7.89 The Application Site is dominated by a mosaic of habitats which are typical of
brownfield sites and these include buildings, bare ground and a diversity of
vegetated habitats such as ephemeral/short perennial, scrub, grasslands and tall
ruderal. Although these habitats may not be of specific ecological value in
themselves their value is increased when considered as part of an overall habitat
mosaic. Overall this habitat type is considered to be of Local Value and Low
sensitivity.
Introduced shrub
7.90 The entrance area to the Main Office Building was bordered by planted beds of
introduced shrubs which had become overgrown. This habitat type is common and
typically contains a high proportion of non-native species. Overall this habitat type
is considered to be of Negligible Value and Negligible sensitivity.
Hedgerows
7.91 An overgrown hedgerow was present to the south west of W1, separating two
vehicle access tracks and running alongside a wet ditch. Species composition was
largely of Hawthorn, Dog Rose, Bramble and Blackthorn interspersed with trees of
Ash, Sycamore and Apple Malus domestica. Two lines of trees ran either side of a
dry ditch to the east of the Fire Pump Station. These comprised Leylandii / Sycamore
mix and Hawthorn respectively.
7.92 Hedgerows are included as a UK BAP and Cambridgeshire BAP Priority Habitat.
However the hedgerows at the site were assessed as being species poor and
contained poor structural diversity. Based on this assessment the hedgerows within
the Application site are considered to be of Site Value and Low sensitivity.
Arable
An arable field is situated to the west of the Application Site and the proposed
footpath to connect the site to the village crosses an additional arable field to the
south. Both areas are intensively cropped. Although arable farmland is considered
to be a Cambridgeshire BAP habitat the extent and intensive management of the
Former CEMEX Cement Works, Haslingfield Road, Barrington 7-25 Environmental Statement – Chapter 7: Ecology and Nature Conservation
areas within the Application mean that they are considered to be of Negligible
Value and Negligible sensitivity.
Arboriculture
7.93 A number of Arboricultural surveys were undertaken within the Application Site in
May and September of 2014. During the survey a total of 343 individual trees, 34
groups of trees, 9 woodland and six hedgerows were identified. The values of trees
within the potential zone of influence are discussed in greater detail within the
construction impacts section below and within the Arboricultural Impact
Assessment (Appendix 7.12) and the Arboricultural Planning Statement (Appendix
7.13).
Fauna
Amphibians
7.94 The desktop study identified four historical records of Great Crested Newt within
2km of the Application Site. These records indicate current populations of the
species within water bodies in Shepreth (approximately 1.5km to the south) and
Haslingfield (approximately 1.5km to the north east).
7.95 Great Crested Newt surveys were conducted between March and May 2014. The
surveys were undertaken at 12 accessible water bodies within 500m of the
Application Site. During the surveys a small breeding population (maximum count
nine) of Great Crested Newt was recorded at Pond A. Pond A is situated
approximately 10m outside the Application Site boundary within the arable
farmland to the east of the site. Great Crested Newt eggs were recorded at this
location indicating a breeding population of the species.
7.96 The population of Great Crested Newt at Pond A is considered to be of District
Value and therefore of Moderate sensitivity.
Reptiles
7.97 The desktop study identified three records of Grass Snake Natrix natrix within 2km
of the Application Site. These records were made in Haslingfield and on the River
Rhee in Barrington. No other reptile species were noted within the desktop study.
Former CEMEX Cement Works, Haslingfield Road, Barrington 7-26 Environmental Statement – Chapter 7: Ecology and Nature Conservation
7.98 Reptile surveys were conducted within parts of the Application Site in September
2013 during which no reptiles were recorded. It was concluded that it is highly
unlikely that a population of Common Lizard Lacerta vivipara is present and,
although not recorded, occasional Grass Snake may occur.
Breeding birds
7.99 The desktop study provided records of 50 protected and notable bird species that
have been recorded within 2km of the Application Site. The majority of these
species are rare visitors and unlikely to breed within the habitats of the Application
Site. This includes species such as Dotterel Charadrius morinellus, Black Tern
Chlidonias niger, Bittern Botaurus stellaris and Hoopoe Upupa epops.
7.100 Some of the protected and notable species identified with the desktop study do
have the potential to breed at the Application Site. These include Barn Owl Tyto
alba, Bullfinch Pyrrhula pyrrhula, Linnet Carduelis cannabina, Quail Coturnix
coturnix, Starling Sturnus vulgaris, Corn Bunting Emberiza calandra, Hobby Falco
subbuteo, Turtle Dove Streptopelia turtur, Firecrest, Grey Partridge Perdix perdix,
Dunnock Prunella modularis, House Sparrow Passer domesticus, Little Ringed Plover
Charadrius dubius, Marsh Tit Poecile palustris, Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus,
Red Kite Milvus milvus, Reed Bunting Emberiza schoeniclus, Skylark Alauda arvensis,
Song Thrush Turdus philomelos, Spotted Flycatcher Muscicapa striata and
Yellowhammer Emberiza citrinella. These species comprise several which are
included on the Birds of Conservation Concern (BoCC) Red and Amber Lists (Eaton
et al., 2009) and a number are also UK BAP and Species of Principal Importance.
Furthermore a number of these potential breeding species are listed on Schedule 1
of the Wildlife and Countryside Act (1981) and as such are afforded additional
protection whilst nesting and with dependent young. Peregrine Falcon, listed on
Schedule 1 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act (1981), is known historically to
breed within the wider quarry site.
7.101 The CBC survey conducted between March and May 2014 identified 39 species
within the Application Site, 20 of which were considered to be breeding. One
additional species (Little Ringed Plover) was recorded outside of the Application Site
boundary but within the zone of influence of the Proposed Development. The
assemblage of birds was found to be typical of lowland farmland and woodland
with two protected species specifically associated with the quarry habitat (Peregrine
Falcon and Little Ringer Plover).
Former CEMEX Cement Works, Haslingfield Road, Barrington 7-27 Environmental Statement – Chapter 7: Ecology and Nature Conservation
7.102 Of the 39 species recorded within the Application Site during the CBC survey 16
met the criteria for conservation concern. A further species meeting the criteria,
Little Ringed Plover, was recorded during the survey but not within the Application
Site boundary. Due to the proximity of the Little Ringed Plover territory this species
has been included within this assessment. Table 7.6 shows the species which met
the criteria for conservation concern and the number of territories recorded. Species
highlighted in bold were considered to be breeding within the Application Site
boundary.
Table 7.6: Bird species meeting criteria for conservation concern in CBC survey (breeding species highlighted in bold)
Species
No
. ter
rito
ries
An
nex
1 a
Sch
edu
le 1
b
UK
BA
P/SP
I c
Loca
l BA
P d
Red
Lis
t e
Am
ber
Lis
t e
Mallard - Kestrel 1
Peregrine -
Little Ringed Plover* 1
Redshank -
Common Gull -
Stock Dove 2
Green Woodpecker -
Skylark 2
Whitethroat 2
Lesser Whitethroat -
Song Thrush 5
Dunnock 7
Linnet -
Bullfinch -
Yellowhammer 1
Reed Bunting - a Annex 1 of the EU Birds Directive (2009/147/EC) b Schedule 1 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act (1981) c UKBAP species and Species of Principal Importance on Section 41 of NERC Act (2006) d Cambridgeshire BAP species e Species listed on Red or Amber list of Birds of Conservation Concern * Little Ringer Plover territory outside Application Site boundary
7.103 Little Ringed Plover is an uncommon breeding species within Cambridgeshire with
approximately 30 – 50 breeding pairs annually (Bacon et al., 2013). A single
territory was recorded outside the Application Site boundary located between W1
and the Northern Lagoon. The territory recorded during the CBC is considered to be
Former CEMEX Cement Works, Haslingfield Road, Barrington 7-28 Environmental Statement – Chapter 7: Ecology and Nature Conservation
of County Value and therefore of Moderate sensitivity. Although the territory is
outside the Application Site it is still considered to be within the zone of influence.
7.104 Peregrine Falcon is an uncommon breeding species within Cambridgeshire with
approximately four to six breeding pairs annually (Bacon et al., 2013). The species
was recorded perching and flying over the Application Site and was considered to
be breeding on the quarry face approximately 750m to the north. Although this
species was not recorded breeding within the Application Site the occasional
presence of this species is considered to be of County Value and therefore of
Moderate sensitivity.
7.105 The remaining assemblage of breeding birds was considered to be a typical
example of lowland farmland and woodland avifauna. Although species of
conservation concern were recorded within the habitats no significant populations
were identified. The breeding bird assemblage (excluding Peregrine and Little
Ringed Plover) is considered to be of Site Value and therefore of Low sensitivity.
Wintering/passage birds
7.106 The desktop study identified records of 50 notable or protected bird species that
have been recorded within 2km of the Application Site. Several of these species are
summer migrants and therefore highly unlikely to be present during winter (e.g.
Common Tern, Quail, Turtle Dove and Yellow Wagtail). Suitable winter habitat is
available within the Application Site for a number of these species including
Redwing Turdus iliacus and Fieldfare Turdus pilaris.
7.107 The wintering and passage bird survey, conducted between November 2013 and
March 2014, identified 39 species within the survey area. Of these species 15 met
the criteria for conservation concern. The species of conservation concern are
shown in Table 7.7.
Former CEMEX Cement Works, Haslingfield Road, Barrington 7-29 Environmental Statement – Chapter 7: Ecology and Nature Conservation
Table 7.7: Bird species meeting criteria for conservation concern in wintering/passage bird survey
Species
Max
imu
m
cou
nt
An
nex
1 a
Sch
edu
le 1
b
UK
BA
P/SP
I c
Loca
l BA
P d
Red
Lis
t e
Am
ber
Lis
t e
Mallard 383 Kestrel 2
Peregrine 1
Woodcock 1
Black-headed Gull 374
Herring Gull 1
Stock Dove 5
Green Woodpecker 2
Skylark 7
Starling 24
Fieldfare 1
Redwing 1
Dunnock 2
House Sparrow 1
Linnet 2 a Annex 1 of the EU Birds Directive (2009/147/EC) b Schedule 1 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981 c UKBAP species and Species of Principal Importance on Section 41 of NERC Act 2006 d Cambridgeshire BAP species e Species listed on Red or Amber list of Birds of Conservation Concern
7.108 Of the notable species recorded during the wintering/passage bird survey only three
were recorded in significant numbers. Mallard were recorded in high numbers
although their population is thought to be increased by stocking for shooting
purposes. Furthermore the largest congregations of Mallard were recorded within
and around the Northern Lagoon which falls outside the Application Site. A
significant number of Black-headed Gull was recorded on one occasion within the
arable fields to the north of the Application Site. A single Peregrine was recorded
on one occasion perching on the chimney within the PDL.
7.109 The presence of Peregrine Falcon within the Application Site is considered to be a
VER of County Value and therefore of Moderate sensitivity.
7.110 Significant numbers of Mallard were recorded within and just outside the
Application Site boundary. However, because the population is thought to be
enhanced by released birds this VER is considered to be of Local Value only and
thus of Low sensitivity.
Former CEMEX Cement Works, Haslingfield Road, Barrington 7-30 Environmental Statement – Chapter 7: Ecology and Nature Conservation
7.111 On a single occasion a significant number of Black-headed Gull were recorded
within the arable field beyond the Application Site boundary. Due to the occasional
presence of this greater population this VER was considered to be of Local Value
and therefore of Low sensitivity.
7.112 The remaining assemblage of passage/wintering birds (excluding Peregrine Falcon,
Mallard and Black-headed Gull) was considered to be a typical example of lowland
farmland and woodland avifauna. Although species of conservation concern were
recorded within the habitats no significant populations were identified. The
passage/wintering bird assemblage is considered to be of Site Value and therefore
of Low sensitivity.
Badger
7.113 The desktop study identified 63 historical records of Badger within 2km of the
Application Site and the species is known to be widespread throughout the area.
7.114 The Badger surveys undertaken between December 2013 and April 2014 identified
a total of nine Badger setts within and surrounding the Application Site some of
which were disused. Table 7.8 provides a summary of these setts. Full details of sett
locations are provided in the Confidential Appendix.
Table 7.8: Summary of Badger setts
Sett Sett type Description
1 Main 10 well used, 7 partially used, 6 disused and 2 collapsed entrances connected by paths, snuffle holes and adjacent latrines. Freshly dug earth, Badger hair and bedding present at several of the entrances indicating current use at the time of survey. Outside Application Site boundary.
2 Main An abandoned former main sett, possibly currently being used as a subsidiary sett. 9 partially used, 15 disused and 4 collapsed entrances. Outside Application Site boundary.
3 Outlier 1 disused hole. Outside Application Site boundary. 4 Outlier 1 collapsed hole. Inside Application Site boundary. 5 Outlier 1 disused hole. Inside Application Site boundary.6 Outlier 1 collapsed hole. Inside Application Site boundary.
7 Outlier 1 well used hole with signs of fresh digging, and 1 disused hole.Inside Application Site boundary.
8 Subsidiary 1 well used, 1 partially used and 2 disused entrances. Freshly dug earth at well used hole indicating current use at the time of survey. Inside Application Site boundary.
9 Main 6 well used, 6 partially used and 13 disused holes. Remains of bedding and Badger hair were found at several sett entrances indicating current use. Snuffle holes and latrines also present close to sett. Inside Application Site boundary.
Former CEMEX Cement Works, Haslingfield Road, Barrington 7-31 Environmental Statement – Chapter 7: Ecology and Nature Conservation
7.115 High levels of activity were recorded at the Application Site and these were
focussed around the woodland edges with occasional activity within the PDL. The
bait-marking survey indicated that two main Badger clans were present at and
around the Application Site with a territory edge running along the southern
boundary of the North Lagoon. It is considered unlikely that the PDL is used as a
significant commuting route by Badgers although some use is expected. The areas
around the Northern Lagoon (outside the Application Site boundary) are considered
to provide important foraging areas for the local Badger population.
7.116 The Badger population, and associated setts, foraging areas and commuting routes,
are considered to be a VER of Local Value and are therefore of Low sensitivity.
Bats
7.117 The desktop study identified the confirmed presence of five species of bat within
2km of the Application Site which were Common Pipistrelle, Daubenton’s Bat
Myotis daubentonii, Natterer’s Bat Myotis nattereri, Noctule Nyctalus noctula and
Barbastelle. Furthermore unidentified Pipistrellus sp. has been recorded as has
Long-eared Bat Plecotus sp., presumed to be a Brown Long-eared Bat. These species
all demonstrate a certain amount of flexibility in their roosting requirements and all
will roost within buildings or trees.
7.118 The diurnal bat inspection survey identified nine buildings with a low potential to
support roosting bats, seven buildings with a moderate potential to support
roosting bats and one building with a confirmed bat roost. Five buildings were
considered to have no potential to support roosting bats.
7.119 Three buildings were considered to be suitable for hibernating bats due to the cool,
stable and humid conditions. Hibernation bat surveys undertaken between
December 2013 and February 2014 showed that no hibernation bat roosts were
present.
7.120 Bat droppings, indicating the likely presence of a Brown Long-eared Bat feeding
roost, were recorded in the Packing Building. However, no bats were recorded
emerging from or entering this building during the nocturnal bat surveys and
therefore this roost was considered to be only occasionally used.
Former CEMEX Cement Works, Haslingfield Road, Barrington 7-32 Environmental Statement – Chapter 7: Ecology and Nature Conservation
7.121 A transitory roost for a single Common Pipistrelle was recorded within the Electrical
Shop (which falls outside the Application Site boundary). A transitory mating roost
for Soprano Pipistrelle (maximum four individuals) was recorded within the Storage
Building.
7.122 The diurnal bat inspection survey identified 74 trees with potential to support
roosting bats. Surveys were undertaken at seven trees which were considered to be
within the zone of influence of the Proposed Development. No bats were recorded
roosting within the trees at the Application Site.
7.123 Low to moderate levels of bat activity were recorded at the Application Site with
five species recorded throughout the survey period (Common Pipistrelle, Soprano
Pipistrelle, Noctule, Brown Long-eared Bat and an unidentified Myotis sp. likely to
be Natterer’s Bat or Daubenton’s Bat). Higher levels of activity were recorded in the
woodland to the south and along the tree lined perimeters to the east and south of
the Application Site. A Common Pipistrelle commuting route was recorded running
from the woodland to the south of the site north through the PDL.
7.124 Overall the bat activity was considered to be typical of the area being dominated by
common species (Common Pipistrelle, Soprano Pipistrelle and Brown Long-eared
Bat) with occasional occurrence of rarer species (Noctule and Myotis sp.). The bat
species assemblage at the Application Site was considered to be a VER of Local
Value and thus of Low sensitivity.
7.125 The Brown Long-eared Bat feeding roost within the Packing Building, the transitory
roost for Common Pipistrelle within the Electrical Shop (which falls outside of the
Application Site boundary) and the transitory mating roost for Soprano Pipistrelle
with the Storage Building were each considered to be of Local Value and therefore
of Low sensitivity.
Invertebrates
7.126 The desktop study identified an historical record (2004) of Small Blue Butterfly
Cupido minmus (a UKBAP and Species of Principal Importance) within the wider
quarry site. Chalk Carpet Moth Scotopteryx bipunctaria (a UK BAP and Species of
Principal Importance) has also been recorded within the wider quarry site.
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7.127 Site survey visits for invertebrates were made from May to September 2014. Specific
surveys for Small Blue were not undertaken as it was clear that there was no food
plant for this species (Kidney Vetch Anthyllis vulneraria) within the Application Site.
7.128 Chalk Carpet Moth was recorded at the Application Site on a single occasion and it
is suspected that this species may be associated with the semi-improved calcareous
grassland present within the Application Site boundary.
7.129 A total of 14 moth species were recorded which are listed as ‘research only’ species
with the UKBAP and are considered to be ‘not yet rare’. A single Red Data Book
Species was recorded, the anthomyid fly Eustalomyia hilaris, although this species
has an unknown life cycle and ecology. The ground bug Stictopleurus
punctatonervosus was recorded and this species was previously considered to be
extinct within the UK although is now recorded on regular basis. A total of 29
Nationally Scarce species were recorded, three of which are Nationally Notable
category Na (Long-winged Cone-head Conocephalus discolor, the wasp Gorytes
laticinctus and the flea beetle Longitarsus parvulus). Fifteen further species were
recorded as Nationally Notable category Nb. Eleven species of Diptera (flies) were
recorded as Nationally Notable category N. A total of 37 species were recorded as
Nationally Local.
7.130 A total of 823 terrestrial species were recorded which is relatively high with
approximately 10% of these recorded as notable species. Analysis showed that the
species assemblage associated with unshaded early successional habitats is in
favourable condition. It also showed that Specific Assemblage Types associated
with a rich flower resource and scrub edge are in a favourable condition.
7.131 It is considered likely that the larger part of the Application Site, comprising
building and hardstanding, is of little value to invertebrate species. The remaining
habitats (ephemeral/short perennial or early successional grasslands) could be
described as Open Mosaic Habitat on PDL which is a UK BAP priority habitat and
habitat of principal importance. However, it is considered that the small sections of
this habitat within the Application Site form a small part of a larger unit associated
with the entire quarry. Invertebrate species are frequently mobile and there is also
considerable potential for the notable species recorded to be associated with the
larger areas of habitat found outside the Application Site.
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7.132 The invertebrate species assemblage within the Application Site contains a diverse
invertebrate fauna. Species assemblages associated with unshaded early
successional habitat were of note, as well as those associated with rich flower
resources and scrub edge. Although a good diversity of species was recorded the
Application Site is likely to only represent only a small proportion of the wider
valuable habitats and therefore this VER is considered to be of District Value and
thus of Moderate sensitivity.
Summary
7.133 Table 7.9 below provides a summary of the VER which have been identified.
Table 7.9: Summary of VER values and sensitivities
VER Value criteria Sensitivity
Evesden and Wimpole Wood SAC/SSSI International High Haslingfield Pit CWS County Moderate River Rhee CWS County Moderate Semi-natural broadleaf woodland Local Low Broadleaf plantation woodland Site Low Mixed plantation woodland Site Low
Dense scrub Site Low Calcareous semi-improved grassland Local Low Tall ruderal Site Low Swamp Site Low Standing water Site Low Ephemeral/short perennial Local Low Introduced shrub Negligible Negligible Hedgerow Site Low Arable Negligible Negligible Great Crested Newt District Moderate Little Ringed Plover (breeding season) County Moderate Peregrine Falcon (breeding season) County Moderate General breeding bird assemblage Site Low Peregrine Falcon (wintering/passage seasons) County Moderate Mallard (wintering/passage seasons) Local Low Black-headed Gull (wintering/passage seasons) Local Low General wintering/passage bird assemblage Site Low Badger Local Low Bat assemblage Local Low Brown Long-eared Bat feeding roost (Packing Building) Local Low Common Pipistrelle transitory roost (Electrical Shop) Local Low Soprano Pipistrelle transitory mating roost (Storage Building)
Local Low
Invertebrate assemblage District Moderate
ASSESSMENT OF EFFECTS
7.134 Without mitigation, the Proposed Development has the potential to have a range of
effects upon the ecological features identified at the Application Site. The following
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sections identify potential effects both during and after construction. The
significance of these effects is assessed using the methodology described above.
7.135 Impacts associated with the construction phase of the Proposed Development could
include;
Habitat loss;
Habitat fragmentation;
Disturbance to wildlife;
Soil compaction, resulting in changes to flora and fauna; and
Pollution events.
7.136 Impacts associated with the operational phase of the Proposed Development could
include;
Disturbance caused by noise or light; and
Disturbance caused by operational activities.
Biodiversity design considerations
7.137 Throughout the design process of the Proposed Development consideration has
been given to the ecological features of the Application Site and opportunities to
provide biodiversity enhancement features. The significance of the potential effects
of the Proposed Development, detailed below, do not take into account the
features which are described in further detail in the mitigation section.
7.138 Biodiversity design features within the Proposed Development include;
Calcareous habitats (meadowland);
Native planting (scattered trees, shrubs and hedgerows);
Enhancement of existing, and provision of new, aquatic habitat; and
Bird and bat box provisions.
7.139 Furthermore it is assumed that best working practices will be followed during
construction to prevent or minimise environmental impacts. These practices will be
set out within the Construction Environmental Management Plan (CEMP).
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CONSTRUCTION PHASE
Nature Conservation Site Designations
Statutory Nature Conservation Site Designations
7.140 No direct impacts are predicted on the Eversden and Wimpole Wood SAC/SSSI. The
Application Site lies within the Barbastelle Bat Area of Importance for Eversden and
Wimpole Woods SAC. However, this species of bat was not recorded during
nocturnal survey effort at the Application Site. It is therefore anticipated that
although there will be some habitat loss within the Barbastelle Bat Area of
Importance for Eversden and Wimpole Woods SAC the change as a result of this
predicted impact on the VER is anticipated to be None and there will be No Effect.
Non-statutory Nature Conservation Site Designations
7.141 No direct or indirect impacts are predicted on Haslingfield Pit CWS and the River
Rhee CWS. These sites are both situated over 1km from the Application Site and
construction activities (resulting in noise, light, vibration or dust deposition) are
unlikely to have any significant direct or indirect impacts at this distance. Thus the
predicted change on the VER is anticipated to be None and there will be No Effect.
Habitats
Semi-natural broadleaf woodland
7.142 The Proposed Development will result in the loss of 1.08ha of semi-natural
broadleaf woodland at the Application Site, primarily associated with the car
parking area to the south. This VER is considered to be of Local Value and its
sensitivity is considered to be Low. The magnitude of change for this VER is
considered to be Small as this habitat is widespread throughout the landscape and
the change is unlikely to impact beyond the local level. Therefore the predicted
significance of this Permanent Adverse impact is Negligible/Slight.
Broadleaf plantation woodland
7.143 The Proposed Development will result in the loss of 0.10ha broadleaf plantation
woodland at the Application Site. This VER is considered to be of Site Value and its
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sensitivity is considered to be Low. The magnitude of change for this VER is
considered to be Small as this habitat is widespread throughout the landscape and
the change is unlikely to impact beyond the local level. Therefore the predicted
significance of this Permanent Adverse impact is Negligible/Slight.
Mixed plantation woodland
7.144 The mixed plantation woodland within the Application Site is being retained as part
of the Proposed Development. Due to the retention of this habitat there are no
predicted impacts and therefore there will be No Effect.
Dense scrub
7.145 The Proposed Development will result in the maximum loss of 1.93ha of dense
scrub habitat at the Application Site (although there is scope to retain some
existing areas of scrub around W1). This VER is considered to be of Site Value and
its sensitivity is considered to be Low. The magnitude of change for this VER is
considered to be Small as the change is unlikely to impact beyond the local level.
Therefore the predicted significance of this Permanent Adverse impact is
Negligible/Slight.
Calcareous semi-improved grassland
7.146 The Proposed Development will result in the loss of 1.67ha of semi-improved
calcareous grassland at the Application Site. This VER is considered to be of Local
Value and its sensitivity is considered to be Low. The magnitude of change for this
VER is considered to be Small as the change is unlikely to impact beyond the local
level. Therefore the predicted significance of this Permanent Adverse impact is
Negligible/Slight.
Tall ruderal
7.147 The Proposed Development will result in the loss of 0.28ha of tall ruderal habitat at
the Application Site. This VER is considered to be of Site Value and its sensitivity is
considered to be Low. The magnitude of change for this VER is considered to be
Small as the change is unlikely to impact beyond the local level. Therefore the
predicted significance of this Permanent Adverse impact is Negligible/Slight.
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Swamp
7.148 The swamp habitat within the Application Site is being retained as part of the
Proposed Development. Due to the retention of this habitat there are no predicted
impacts and therefore there will be No Effect.
Standing water
7.149 The standing water habitat (W1) within the Application Site is being retained as
part of the Proposed Development. Due to the retention of this habitat there are no
predicted impacts and therefore there will be No Effect.
7.150 There will be a loss of ephemeral water bodies within the Application Site (the
Wheelwash and parts of Ditch A) and these impacts are discussed in relation to
Great Crested Newt below.
Ephemeral/short perennial
7.151 The Proposed Development will result in the loss of 3.23ha of ephemeral/short
perennial habitat at the site. This VER is considered to be of Local Value and its
sensitivity is considered to be Low. The magnitude of change for this VER is
considered to be Small as the change is unlikely to impact beyond the local level.
Therefore the predicted significance of this Permanent Adverse impact is
Negligible/Slight.
Introduced shrub
7.152 The Proposed Development will result in the loss of 0.03ha of introduced shrub at
the site. This VER is considered to be of Negligible Value and its sensitivity is
considered to be Negligible. Therefore the loss of this habitat type is likely to be of
Negligible significance.
Hedgerows
7.153 The Proposed Development will result in the loss of 395m of hedgerow at the site.
This VER is considered to be of Site Value and its sensitivity considered to be Low.
The magnitude of change for this VER is considered to be Small as this habitat is
widespread throughout the landscape and the change is unlikely to impact beyond
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the local level. Therefore the predicted significance of this Permanent Adverse
impact is Negligible/Slight.
Arable
7.154 The Proposed Development will result in the loss of 2.69ha of Arable. This VER is
considered to be of Negligible Value and its sensitivity is considered to be
Negligible. Therefore the loss of this habitat type is likely to be of Negligible
significance.
Arboriculture
7.155 Approval is sought for the maximum development land use zones and the three site
access points from Haslingfield Road as discussed in Chapter 4 Proposed
Development. As the layout of the residential development and landscaping within
these development land use zones is a reserved matter, the Arboricultural Planning
Statement (Appendix 7.14) focusses on what trees will be impacted on during the
construction of the maximum development footprint of the car park and the 3 site
accesses. These are therefore not discussed below.
7.156 The layout of the residential development, including the alignment of the internal
road is indicative therefore the impacts to the trees that could be impacted on
during the construction of the residential development is based on the illustrative
Masterplan could change.
7.157 Based on the illustrative Masterplan the following number and grades of trees will
be require removal:
18 ‘B’ grade trees
3 ‘B’ grade tree groups
19 ‘C’ grade trees
7 ‘C’ grade tree groups
Part of a ‘C’ grade tree group
Two ‘U’ grade trees will require removal also.
7.158 Landscaping is a reserved matter; therefore based on the illustrative Masterplan this
will require the removal of a single ‘C’ grade tree and a ‘C’ grade woodland.
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7.159 Layout of the pedestrian and cycle from the residential development to the school
will require the removal of 22 ‘C’ grade trees together with part of a ‘C’ grade tree
group. At this stage the alignment of the footpath to the school is not fixed
therefore this impact assumes worst case.
7.160 In order to allow the connection of the proposed footpath to the village with the
existing footpath, this will require the removal of parts of a ‘C’ grade hedgerow, a
‘C’ grade tree and a ‘U’ grade group of trees.
7.161 In order to construct the western footpath to the quarry a single ‘C’ grade
hedgerow will be removed with a single ‘C’ grade tree.
7.162 The Arboricultural Impact Assessment is contained in Appendix 7.13 which details
the above in more detail.
Fauna
Amphibians
7.163 The Proposed Development will result in habitat loss for the Great Crested Newt
breeding population at Pond A. 2.4ha of suitable terrestrial habitat will be impacted
within 250m of Pond A. This habitat comprises grassland and woodland and is
likely to provide foraging habitat for the species as well as resting places.
7.164 With the presence of a Great Crested Newt breeding population in close proximity
to the construction footprint there is a risk of killing or injuring individuals of the
species during the construction of the Proposed Development. Great Crested Newt
is a European Protected Species and killing or injuring and destroying resting places
would constitute an offence under UK wildlife legislation unless otherwise
mitigated and licensed.
7.165 The groundworks for the Proposed Development will also result in the loss of a
single water body (the Wheelwash) and result in impacts on a single ditch (Ditch A).
However, no Great Crested Newt were recorded in these locations and they were
both considered to be less suitable for the species. Their loss would nevertheless
represent a loss of opportunity for the species.
7.166 The population of Great Crested Newt at Pond A is considered to be of District
Value and therefore of Moderate sensitivity. The loss of terrestrial habitat is
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anticipated to result in a Small magnitude of change because the distribution of
the species at a local level is unlikely to be changed due to the widespread
availability of other habitats. Therefore the predicted significance of this Adverse
impact is Slight.
Breeding birds
7.167 In terms of effects, the following are considered likely to occur as a result of the
construction phase of the Proposed Development:
1. Disturbance due to:
Increased presence of people, vehicles;
Changes in artificial lighting;
Changes in sound and vibration from excavation and construction; and
Changes in water turbidity from sheet pilling and dredging.
2. Loss of habitat due to:
Laying of infrastructure; and
Ground clearance.
7.168 The Little Ringed Plover breeding population of County Value and Moderate
sensitivity is susceptible to disturbance and loss of habitat impacts (as detailed
above). In particular, changes in sound and vibration arising from excavation and
construction works, in combination with the increased presence of people on the
Application Site, are likely to lead to the displacement of breeding Little Ringed
Plover during the construction phase. It is therefore considered that the
Construction Phase of the Proposed Development will result in a Temporary
Adverse impact of Medium magnitude. Therefore the significance of this impact is
considered to be Moderate. This effect was considered likely to affect the entire
breeding population of Little Ringed Plover located within the zone of influence of
the Application Site when works are undertaken during the Little Ringed Plover
breeding season (between the months of March and July inclusive). It is considered
likely that the effect will operate throughout the duration of the construction
phase. It is considered likely that this is a Reversible effect.
7.169 The Peregrine Falcon breeding population of County Value and Moderate
sensitivity is susceptible to disturbance and loss of habitat impacts (as detailed
above). In particular, the loss of foraging habitat from the Application Site as a
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result of construction works is likely to lead to the displacement of foraging
Peregrine during the Construction Phase. It is therefore considered that the
Construction Phase of the Proposed Development will result in a Temporary
Adverse impact of Medium magnitude. Therefore the significance of this impact is
considered to be Moderate. This effect was considered likely to affect the entire
breeding population of Peregrine located within the zone of influence of the
Application Site when works are undertaken during the Peregrine breeding season
(between the months of March and July inclusive). It is considered likely that the
effect will operate throughout the duration of the construction phase. It is
considered likely that this is a Reversible effect.
7.170 The general breeding bird assemblage of Site Value and Low sensitivity is
susceptible to disturbance and loss of habitat impacts (as detailed above). In
particular, the loss of nesting habitat from the Application Site as a result of
construction works, in combination with changes in sound and vibration and the
increased presence of people, are likely to result in the displacement of breeding
birds in general during the construction phase. It is therefore considered that the
Construction Phase of the Proposed Development will result in a Temporary
Adverse impact of Small magnitude. Therefore the significance of this impact is
considered to be Negligible/Slight. This effect was considered likely to affect the
majority of the general breeding bird assemblage located within the zone of
influence of the Application Site when works are undertaken during the general
breeding bird season (between the months of March and August inclusive). It is
considered likely that the effect will operate throughout the duration of the
construction phase. It is considered likely that this is a Reversible effect.
Wintering/passage birds
7.171 In terms of effects, the following are considered likely to occur as a result of the
construction phase of the Proposed Development:
1. Disturbance due to:
Increased presence of people, vehicles;
Changes in artificial lighting;
Changes in sound and vibration from excavation and construction; and
Changes in water turbidity from sheet pilling and dredging.
2. Loss of habitat due to:
Laying of infrastructure; and
Former CEMEX Cement Works, Haslingfield Road, Barrington 7-43 Environmental Statement – Chapter 7: Ecology and Nature Conservation
Ground clearance.
7.172 The Peregrine Falcon wintering population of County Value and Moderate
sensitivity is susceptible to disturbance and loss of habitat impacts (as detailed
above). As described above this may result in the displacement of foraging
Peregrine Falcon during the construction phase resulting in a Temporary Adverse
impact of Medium magnitude and Moderate significance.
7.173 Significant numbers of Mallard were recorded within and just outside the
Application Site boundary. The Proposed Development will primarily affect suitable
habitat surrounding W1 through disturbance associated with construction activities
and personnel. However, Mallard is known to be relatively tolerant to disturbance
and the sensitivity of the species was considered to be Low. Disturbance is likely to
result in a Temporary Adverse impact of Small magnitude during the construction
phase as the Proposed Development. Therefore the significance of this impact is
considered to be Negligible/Slight. It is considered likely that the effect will
operate throughout the duration of the construction phase and this is considered
to be a Reversible effect.
7.174 A significant number of Black-headed Gull were recorded within the arable field
beyond the Application Site boundary. This population is considered to be a VER of
Local Value and Low sensitivity. The Proposed Development will generate
Temporary Adverse impact on the species due to disturbance is likely to result in a
change of Small magnitude which is of Negligible/Slight significance.
7.175 The remaining assemblage of passage/wintering birds (excluding Mallard, Peregrine
Falcon and Black-headed Gull) was considered to be of Site Value and Low
sensitivity. The proposed development will generate Temporary Adverse impacts
of Small magnitude due to disturbance and habitat loss. However, most of these
impacts will be Reversible as alternative habitats for these species are thought to
be widespread across the landscape. Therefore the significance of this impact is
considered to be Negligible/Slight.
Badger
7.176 The Proposed Development will require construction works within 30m of Sett 8
which is a subsidiary sett comprising one well-used entrance and one partially-used
entrance. There is a risk of disturbance of Badgers occupying this sett which would
be an offence under UK wildlife legislation.
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7.177 Ground works to facilitate the construction of the Proposed Development will result
in the loss of foraging habitat for Badger. However, the dominant habitat to be lost
is the PDL (comprising buildings and hardstanding) which is of little value to
foraging Badger. The construction of the car park within the woodland, even at
maximum extent, will not directly impact upon active Badger setts, although this
may result in a small loss of foraging habitat for the species.
7.178 The Badger bait-marking survey indicated that two Badger clans are present at the
Application Site situated to the north (outside the Application Site boundary) and
within the woodland to the south. The territory boundary appears to comprise the
PDL and the area between W1 and the Northern Lagoon. It is therefore concluded
that the northern and southern main setts are not closely related and high levels of
commuting across the Application Site are unlikely.
7.179 The assemblage of Badger setts, foraging areas and commuting routes are
considered to be of Local Value and therefore of Low sensitivity. The construction
associated with the Proposed Development will result in disturbance of a subsidiary
sett, loss of small areas of foraging habitat and the loss of minor commuting routes
for the species. This change is considered to be of a Small magnitude and therefore
the predicted significance of this Temporary Adverse impact is Negligible/Slight.
Bats
7.180 The ground clearance works will result in the loss of foraging habitat for bat
species. Furthermore the removal of features within the Application Site (such as
the large buildings or tree lines) has the potential to disrupt commuting routes
which typically run in line with linear features. The assemblage of bat species, and
the activity within the Application Site, is considered to be of Local Value and Low
sensitivity. The magnitude of change as a result of these impacts is considered to be
Small because of the widespread availability of other habitats within the area
which are also likely to be used by these bat species. Therefore the predicted
significance of this Temporary Adverse impact is Negligible/Slight.
7.181 No night time lighting of the construction site will occur (beyond that already
present at the Application Site), thereby avoiding potential adverse effects on
nocturnal and crepuscular species such as bats. This will be stipulated in the CEMP
for the Proposed Development.
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7.182 The Proposed Development will result in the loss of three bat roosts (a Brown Long-
eared Bat feeding roost, a transitory roost for a single Common Pipistrelle and a
transitory mating roost for four Soprano Pipistrelle). All British bats are European
Protected Species and individuals are protected from killing or injuring and their
roosts are protected from damage, disturbance or obstruction. The buildings
containing these roosts (Packing Building and Storage Building) are all scheduled
for demolition which would result in the permanent loss of the roosts (for which a
derogation licence would be required) and potential killing or injuring of bats in the
absence of mitigation.
7.183 The loss of roosts is anticipated to result in a Small magnitude of change for these
VER as the distribution of these species is likely to be affected at a local level. The
fact that the roosts are transitory indicates that other roosts are available within the
area. Therefore the predicted significance of this Permanent Adverse impact is
Negligible/Slight.
Invertebrates
7.184 The ground clearance works will result in the loss of habitat for invertebrate
species, the assemblage of which is considered to be of District Value and
Moderate sensitivity. Species assemblages associated with unshaded early
successional habitat were of note, as well as those associated with rich flower
resources and scrub edge.
7.185 The groundwork is likely to result in the loss of these habitat types within the
Application Site although they are considered to form a small part of wider mosaic
of habitats within the wider quarry site. Due to the availability of habitats within
the wider quarry this impact is unlikely significantly to change the VER at a local
level and thus the magnitude of change is anticipated to be Small. Therefore the
predicted significance of this Permanent Adverse impact is Slight.
Summary
7.186 Table 7.10 provides a summary of the construction phase impacts.
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Table 7.10: Characterisation of potential construction impacts
VER Magnitude of change
Adverse /beneficial
Duration Significance
Semi-natural broadleaf woodland habitat loss
Small Adverse Permanent Negligible /slight
Broadleaf plantation woodland habitat loss
Small Adverse Permanent Negligible /slight
Dense scrub habitat loss Small Adverse Permanent Negligible /slight
Semi-improved calcareous grassland habitat loss
Small Adverse Permanent Negligible /slight
Tall ruderal habitat loss Small Adverse Permanent Negligible /slight
Ephemeral/short perennial habitat loss
Small Adverse Permanent Negligible /slight
Hedgerow habitat loss Small Adverse Permanent Negligible /slight
Great Crested Newt habitat loss
Small Adverse Permanent Slight
Breeding Little Ringed Plover Medium Adverse Temporary Moderate Breeding Peregrine Falcon Medium Adverse Temporary Moderate General breeding bird assemblage
Small Adverse Temporary Negligible /slight
Wintering Peregrine Falcon Medium Adverse Temporary Moderate Wintering Mallard Small Adverse Temporary Negligible
/slight Wintering Black-headed Gull Small Adverse Temporary Negligible
/slight General wintering bird assemblage
Small Adverse Temporary Negligible /slight
Badger Small Adverse Temporary Negligible /slight
Bat assemblage Small Adverse Temporary Negligible /slight
Bat roost loss Small Adverse Permanent Negligible /slight
Invertebrates Small Adverse Permanent Slight
POST-CONSTRUCTION PHASE
Nature Conservation Site Designations
Statutory Nature Conservation Site Designations
7.187 The Proposed Development will bring a greater human population in closer
proximity to Eversden and Wimpole Wood SAC/SSSI although the 4.5km distance is
unlikely to result in a significant increase in visitor pressure to this site and the
associated disturbance.
7.188 Lighting associated with the Proposed Development has the potential to disrupt
commuting routes for bats and diminish the value of their foraging habitat. No
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Barbastelle were recorded on the Application Site and therefore the impact on this
feature of the VER is anticipated to be None and there will be No effect.
Non-statutory Nature Conservation Site Designations
7.189 The Proposed Development will bring a greater human population in closer
proximity to Haslingfield Pit CWs and the River Rhee CWS. Haslingfield Pit CWS is
not directly accessible via a public footpath. The River Rhee is only accessible in
small parts by public footpath but the bankside meadows to the south of
Barrington Pit SSSI are open to the public. It is therefore anticipated that although
there may be a small increase in visitor pressure, and associated disturbance, the
magnitude of this change is likely to be Negligible and therefore the significance of
this Adverse impact is anticipated to be Negligible/Slight.
Habitats
7.190 No potential effects are anticipated on habitats further to those identified during
the construction phase.
Fauna
Amphibians
7.191 No further loss of habitat for Great Crested Newt is anticipated during the post-
construction phase of the Proposed Development. The introduction of a human
population in close proximity to the Great Crested Newt breeding pond may result
in some increase in disturbance (e.g. deposition of rubbish). These predicted
impacts are not considered to be significant as Pond A is located off-site and
positioned away from proposed footpaths. The change as a result of this effect is
considered to be Negligible and therefore the predicted significance of this
Permanent Adverse impact is Negligible/Slight.
Breeding birds
7.192 During the post-construction phase, the following potential effects have been
identified:
1. Disturbance due to:
Former CEMEX Cement Works, Haslingfield Road, Barrington 7-48 Environmental Statement – Chapter 7: Ecology and Nature Conservation
Increased presence of people, vehicles; and
Changes in artificial lighting.
2. Increase on mortality due to:
Increase in the presence of domestic predators (cats).
7.193 The Little Ringed Plover breeding population of County Value and Moderate
sensitivity is susceptible to disturbance and increased mortality impacts (as detailed
above). In particular, the increased presence of people on the Application Site, in
combination with the increased presence of domestic predators on the Application
Site, are likely to lead to the displacement of breeding Little Ringed Plover during
the post-construction phase. It is therefore considered that the post-construction
phase of the Proposed Development will result in a Permanent Adverse impact of
Medium magnitude. Therefore the impact on the Little Ringed Plover is considered
to be of Moderate significance. This effect was considered likely to affect the entire
breeding population of Little Ringed Plover located within the zone of influence of
the Application Site during the Little Ringed Plover breeding season (between the
months of March and July inclusive). It is considered likely that the effect will
operate throughout the duration of the Post-construction Phase. It is considered
likely that this is a Reversible effect.
7.194 The Peregrine Falcon breeding population of County Value and Moderate
sensitivity is susceptible to disturbance and loss of habitat impacts (as detailed
above). In particular, the loss of foraging habitat from the Application Site as a
result of the Proposed Development is likely to lead to the displacement of foraging
Peregrine Falcon during the post-construction phase. It is therefore considered that
the post-construction phase of the Proposed Development will result in a
Permanent Adverse impact of Medium magnitude. Therefore the impact on
Peregrine Falcon is considered to be of Moderate significance. This effect was
considered likely to affect the entire breeding population of Peregrine located
within the zone of influence of the Application Site. It is considered likely that the
effect will operate throughout the duration of the post-construction phase. It is
considered likely that this is a Reversible effect.
7.195 The general breeding bird assemblage of Site Value and Low sensitivity is
susceptible to disturbance, loss of habitat and increased mortality impacts (as
detailed above). In particular, the loss of nesting habitat from the Application Site
as a result of the Proposed Development, in combination with the increased
Former CEMEX Cement Works, Haslingfield Road, Barrington 7-49 Environmental Statement – Chapter 7: Ecology and Nature Conservation
presence of people and domestic predators, are likely to result in the displacement
of breeding birds in general during the post-construction phase. It is therefore
considered that the post-construction phase of the Proposed Development will
result in a Permanent Adverse impact of Small magnitude. Therefore the
significance of this impact is considered to be Negligible/Slight. This effect was
considered likely to affect the entire general breeding bird assemblage located
within the zone of influence of the Application Site. It is considered likely that the
effect will operate throughout the duration of the Post-construction Phase. It is
considered likely that this is a Reversible effect.
Wintering/passage birds
7.196 During the post-construction phase, the following potential effects have been
identified:
1. Disturbance due to:
Increased presence of people, vehicles; and
Changes in artificial lighting.
2. Increase on mortality due to:
Increase in the presence of domestic predators (cats).
7.197 The Proposed Development is expected to have Permanent Adverse effects on
Peregrine Falcon due to loss of hunting habitat for the species and disturbance due
to increased presence of people and vehicles. This impact is likely to be of a
Medium magnitude and therefore the significance of this impact is predicted to be
Moderate. This effect was considered likely to affect the entire breeding population
of Peregrine located within the zone of influence of the Application Site. It is
considered likely that the effect will operate throughout the duration of the post-
construction phase.
7.198 Mallard is a generalist species that usually adapts easily to new environments and
the sensitivity of the species is considered to be Low although Permanent Adverse
impacts of a Small magnitude are expected due to disturbance (increased presence
of people and vehicles and increases in artificial lighting). Therefore the significance
of this impact is considered to be Negligible/Slight.
Former CEMEX Cement Works, Haslingfield Road, Barrington 7-50 Environmental Statement – Chapter 7: Ecology and Nature Conservation
7.199 Black-headed Gull considered to be a generalist species that usually adapt easily to
new environments and that will not be significantly affected by the proposals. A
Permanent Adverse impact of Small magnitude is expected due to disturbance
(increased presence of people and vehicles and changes of artificial lightning) as
part of the Proposed Development during the post-construction phase. Therefore
the predicted significance of the impact on the VER is Negligible/Slight. It is
considered likely that the effect will operate throughout the duration of the post-
construction phase. Furthermore, it is considered likely that this is a Reversible
effect.
7.200 The remaining assemblage of passage/wintering birds (excluding Mallard, Peregrine
Falcon and Black-headed Gull) was considered to be of Site Value and Low
sensitivity. Some Permanent Adverse impacts are predicted as a result of
disturbance, increased risk of predation and changes in artificial lighting. However,
as impacts are not expected to affect the distribution or status of these species at a
local level the magnitude of change is considered to be Small. Therefore the
predicted significance of these impacts on the VER is considered to be
Negligible/Slight.
Badger
7.201 The Proposed Development will bring a greater human population in closer
proximity to the Badger population in and around the Application Site. This has the
potential to result in some indirect disturbance of setts from human interference
such as noise and artificial light as well as a higher risk of road traffic accidents.
However, as impacts are not expected to affect the distribution or status of these
species at a local level the magnitude of change is considered to be Small.
Therefore the predicted significance of these impacts on the VER is considered to be
Negligible/Slight.
Bats
7.202 During the operational phase of the Proposed Development there is potential for
disturbance impacts on bats as a result of lighting associated with the dwelling
houses and infrastructure. Bat roosting behaviour, commuting and foraging activity
can be dramatically affected by artificial lighting. Although the Application Site is
currently well-lit in parts it is anticipated that the Proposed Development will result
in more widespread lighting impacts (although a detailed lighting strategy is not
set out within this outline application). These impacts may affect the assemblage of
Former CEMEX Cement Works, Haslingfield Road, Barrington 7-51 Environmental Statement – Chapter 7: Ecology and Nature Conservation
bats at a local level with the loss of foraging habitat and disruption of commuting
routes and therefore the predicted magnitude of change for the VER is Small. The
anticipated significance of this Permanent Adverse impact is Negligible/Slight.
Invertebrates
7.203 No potential effects are anticipated on invertebrates further to those identified
during the construction phase.
Summary
7.204 Table 7.11 provides a summary of the post-construction phase impacts.
Table 7.11: Characterisation of potential post-construction impacts
VER Magnitude of change
Adverse /beneficial
Duration Significance
River Rhee CWS recreational disturbance
Negligible Adverse Permanent Negligible /slight
Great Crested Newt recreational disturbance
Negligible Adverse Permanent Negligible /slight
Breeding Little Ringed Ploverdisturbance
Medium Adverse Permanent Moderate
Breeding Peregrine Falcon Medium Adverse Permanent Moderate General breeding bird assemblage
Small Adverse Permanent Negligible /slight
Wintering Peregrine Falcon Medium Adverse Permanent Moderate Wintering Mallard Small Adverse Permanent Negligible
/slight Wintering Black-headed Gull Small Adverse Permanent Negligible
/slight General wintering bird assemblage
Small Adverse Permanent Negligible /slight
Badger Small Adverse Permanent Negligible /slight
Bat assemblage Small Adverse Permanent Negligible /slight
MITIGATION MEASURES
Construction Environmental Management Plan
7.205 Measures to protect existing ecological feature within the site will be outlined in
the Construction Environmental Management Plan (CEMP) as well as defined within
the planning conditions imposed upon the granted permission. The CEMP will be
developed before works begin on the Application Ssite.
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7.206 The CEMP will set out measures to prevent or minimise the risk of dust deposition,
pollution and contamination of land which will follow Environment Agency’s
Pollution Prevention Guidelines (PPG). The document will also set out restrictions on
night time lighting to prevent or minimise adverse impacts on species groups such
as foraging or commuting bats.
7.207 The CEMP will set out measures for the protection of retained habitats such as
scrub and trees adjacent to the construction zone in accordance with BS5837:2012.
7.208 Timing constraints for the clearance of vegetation will be set out within the CEMP
to ensure the protection of active birds’ nests. Clearance works will take place
outside the breeding period and where this is not feasible checks will be
undertaken for active breeding sites and, where found, these will be protected until
breeding attempts are completed.
7.209 Due to the residual low risk of Grass Snake presence the CEMP will set out standard
measures to minimise harm to this species.
Habitats
7.210 A total of approximately 2ha of scrub habitat will be provided within the landscape
design post-development, in large part associated with the calcareous grassland
provisions surrounding the lake (W1). The planting will comprise native species
such as Hawthorn, Blackthorn, Hazel Corylus avellana, Dogwood Cornus sanguinea
and Spindle Euonymus europaeus. The scrub planting will provide habitat for
breeding birds (including Dunnock and House Sparrow) as well as food plants and
structured vegetation for a range of terrestrial invertebrate species.
7.211 A total of approximately 3ha of calcareous grassland will be planted as part of the
Proposed Development, the majority of which will be around the lake (W1) and
along the railway line which bisects the site. A standard calcareous grassland seed
mix, such as Emorsgate EM6, will be used and opportunities for seed harvesting
from other areas of the site explored. These calcareous habitats will not only have
intrinsic ecological value but they will also support a range of notable faunal
species such as butterflies, moths and beetles. These include the chalk specialists
Small Blue butterfly and Chalk Carpet moth. The provision of these herb-rich
calcareous habitats will mitigate for the loss of the semi-improved calcareous
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grassland and calcareous species within the ephemeral/short perennial habitats at
the Application Site.
7.212 A number of water attenuation features covering approximately 0.15ha in area will
be included within the Proposed Development which will take the form of
Sustainable Drainage Systems (SUDS) which will serve a dual purpose by
maintaining the hydrological status and provided an ecologically valuable habitat.
These swales will be vegetated and seasonally wet and seeded with a suitable
aquatic grassland mix, such as Emorsgate EM8, which contains specialist aquatic
species such as Meadowsweet Filipendula ulmaria and Ragged Robin Silene flos-
cuculi. The introduction of aquatic habitat will not only allow for a greater diversity
of botanical species within the Application site but it will also attract a range of
invertebrate species such as dragonflies.
7.213 Scattered trees will be planted throughout the Proposed Development as part of
the planting scheme. The provision of these scattered trees will mitigate for the
losses that will occur as part of the site clearance. Native species will be planted
including Rowan Sorbus aucuparia, Wild Service Sorbus torminalis, Oak Quercus
robur, Hornbeam Carpinus betulus and Silver Birch Betula pendula. The scattered
trees will provide habitat for breeding birds as well as food plants for a range of
terrestrial invertebrate species such as moths. Scattered trees can also offer focal
points for foraging bats and tree lines can provide navigational features for
commuting bats.
Arboriculture
7.214 An Arboricultural Planning Statement has been produced to support the outline
planning application and is contained in Appendix 7.14. The Arboricultural
Planning Statement details the root protections areas and mitigation measures in
line with the recommendations contained in section 5.4 of BS5837:2012.
Fauna
Amphibians
7.215 All mitigation work associated with Great Crested Newt will be carried out
following a European Protected Species Derogation Licence application. Measures
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will be required to ensure no killing or injuring of individuals during works and
habitat provisions to ensure the continued conservation status of the species.
7.216 The mitigation will focus on exclusion of Great Crested Newt from the construction
footprint using exclusion fencing and trapping following methodologies within the
Great Crested Newt Mitigation Guidelines (English Nature, 2001).
7.217 In order to compensate for the loss of terrestrial habitat for Great Crested Newt as a
result of the Proposed Development any loss of habitat will be offset with
alternative provisions to include the creation of approximately 5ha of suitable
terrestrial habitats (calcareous grassland and scrub) and provision of new ponds
and water bodies which will largely take the form of water attenuation features
described above and will be approximately 0.15ha. Furthermore enhancement of
the Moat Pond will be undertaken by planting of native aquatic plant species and
removal of some surrounding trees in order to open up light into the pond to
promote colonisation of Great Crested Newt. Other features such as log-pile refuges
will also be positioned on the Application Site.
Birds
7.218 In order to avoid permanent adverse impacts upon breeding Little Ringed Plover, a
wader scrape built to specifications suitable to support breeding Little Ringed
Plover will be created on land located at least 250m from the Application Site
boundary in order to provide suitable nesting habitat for Little Ringed Plover which
will not be subjected to increased disturbance and mortality impacts as a result of
the Proposed Development. The wader scrape will be created prior to the
commencement of construction works in order to compensate for the loss of
nesting habitat from the Application Site as a result of the construction works.
7.219 In order to generate permanent beneficial impacts upon foraging Peregrine Falcon
and the general bird assemblage, habitat creation and enhancement works will be
undertaken in key areas of the Application Site. In particular, new calcareous
grassland (3ha) and scrub (2ha) habitats will be created around W1 to provide
suitable nesting and foraging habitat for the bird assemblage. These habitat
creation works, in combination with enhancement works to W1 (affecting 1.42ha
of standing water), are anticipated to increase prey availability for Peregrine Falcon,
and other species, thereby enhancing foraging habitat for this species within the
Application Site.
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Badger
7.220 In order to avoid disturbance impacts on Sett 8 a Badger Development Licence will
be sought to facilitate the temporary closure of this set for the duration of the
potential disturbance. Sett 8 is a subsidiary sett and therefore its temporary closure
does not necessitate the provision of artificial sett habitat.
7.221 The CEMP will detail requirements for Badger checks during construction to review
activity. Close boarded fencing will be installed around the perimeter of the
construction footprint during works to prevent Badger activity within this area
during the construction period.
7.222 The habitat enhancement features described above (to include scrub and grassland)
will provide foraging habitat for Badgers post-development. These foraging
habitats fall broadly within the same location as baseline conditions and therefore
no significant impacts on clan structure and dynamics are predicted.
7.223 In order to facilitate movement of Badger through the Application Site in an east to
west direction a vegetated corridor of scrub, scattered trees and calcareous
grassland will be created alongside the existing rail track. Furthermore fencing,
where required, within the Proposed Development will be designed to facilitate the
movement of Badgers through the area with regular gaps at ground level.
Bats
7.224 All mitigation works associated with bat roosts will be carried out following a
European Protected Species Derogation Licence application. Measures will be
required to ensure no killing or injuring of individuals during works and habitat
provisions to ensure the continued conservation status of the species.
7.225 In order to avoid killing or injuring individuals during works any bats will be
excluded from roosts following guidelines set out within the Bat Mitigation
Guidelines (English Nature, 2004). Prior to exclusion alternative roosting
opportunities will be made available through the provision of bat boxes within the
mature trees around the Application Site. Timing constraints will be placed on
exclusion works to avoid the sensitive hibernation period (November to February
inclusive).
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7.226 In order to ensure the continued conservation status of the species within the
Application Site a bat box scheme will be developed to incorporate boxes within
the mature trees and integrated boxes within the new structures (such as Schwegler
Bat Tube 1FR). The proposed habitat enhancement features (to include scrub and
grasslands) will provide foraging areas for bats with a rich prey resource.
7.227 Bat roosting behaviour, commuting and foraging activity can be dramatically
affected by artificial lighting. A sensitive lighting strategy will be developed for the
Application Site at the detailed planning stage which will ensure no lighting of
roosting provisions. Tree lines and woodland edges to the south and east of the
Application Site will remain unlit and a dark corridor will be created along the
existing rail track to facilitate the movement of bats in an east west direction.
Invertebrates
7.228 The proposed habitat enhancement features (to include scrub and grasslands) will
mitigate for the loss of these habitat types available for invertebrate species within
the construction footprint. These habitats will provide food plants for both Small
Blue butterfly and Chalk Carpet moth. The scrub/grassland interface and the species
rich calcareous grassland will benefit the notable species assemblages associated
with scrub edge and rich flower resources which are present within the Application
Site.
Bird and bat boxes
7.229 In order to enhance opportunities for nesting birds, boxes will be positioned at the
site for key species. Target species will include Swift, House Sparrow and Starling
which are species of conservation concern (UKBAP, NERC Act and BoCC Red list).
Generalist boxes will also be included to suite a wider variety of species such as Blue
Tit and Great Tit.
7.230 Bat boxes will be mounted on trees and built structures at the site. A range of
boxes will be used to suite crevice dwelling species such as Pipistrelle bats. Boxes
will include Schwegler 1FF, Schwegler 2F and Schwegler 1FQ.
7.231 All bat and bird boxes will be positioned in optimal locations as required by each
species group. Bat boxes will be positioned facing south to maximise solar heating
and will not be directly lit. Bird boxes will be positioned away from direct sunlight
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and close to surrounding vegetation. The location, siting instructions and ongoing
management of the bird and bat boxes will be described in the Nature Conservation
Management Plan.
Nature Conservation Management Plan (NCMP)
7.232 Measures to ensure the ongoing sensitive management of the ecological
enhancement features and other habitats within the Development Site will be set
out within a Nature Conservation Management Plan (NCMP).
7.233 The NCMP will outline management regimes for the calcareous grassland, details of
sensitive timing for hedge and scrub trimming and cleaning and management of
bat and bird boxes.
RESIDUAL EFFECTS
Habitats
7.234 There will be a net loss of woodland habitat (approximately 1.08ha) as a result of
the construction of the car park and informal and formal open space to the south
of the Proposed Development. However, this woodland is of Local Value and Low
sensitivity and therefore the predicted significance of this residual Adverse impact
is Negligible/Slight and Permanent.
7.235 Existing scrub habitats will be retained and incorporated into the new planting
where feasible. The provision of this new scrub within the Proposed Development
will mitigate for the loss of other areas of scrub habitat as a result of the site
clearance. It is anticipated that, once established, there will be no residual effect on
this habitat type.
7.236 Lowland calcareous grassland is a Habitat of Principal Importance (NERC Act 2006),
UK BAP and Cambridgeshire BAP habitat. A net gain in calcareous grassland, of
approximately 1.5ha, will result in a Small Permanent and Beneficial residual
impact of Negligible/Slight significance.
7.237 The Proposed Development will result in the Permanent loss of tall ruderal habitat
within the Application Site which will not be replaced thus resulting in a residual
Adverse impact of Negligible/Slight significance.
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7.238 A single water body of poor quality (the Wheelwash) will be lost and impacts are
predicted upon a ditch (Ditch A) of poor quality. However a number of water
attenuation features covering approximately 0.15ha in area will be included within
the Proposed Development which is likely to result in a Small Permanent and
Beneficial residual impact of Negligible/Slight significance.
7.239 The Proposed Development will result in the loss of 3.23ha of ephemeral/short
perennial vegetation which will not be replaced. However, this habit is of Local
Value and Low sensitivity and therefore the predicted significance of this residual
Adverse impact is Negligible/Slight and Permanent. The residual effect of this on
invertebrates is discussed below.
7.240 The Proposed Development will result in the loss of 395m of hedgerow on the
western side of W1 which will not be replaced. However, this habit is of Local
Value and Low sensitivity and therefore the predicted significance of this residual
Adverse impact is Negligible/Slight and Permanent. Furthermore, this habitat will
be replaced in part by similar scrub features as described above.
7.241 Whilst some impacts are predicted upon the trees present at the Application Site it
is feasible to introduce measures such as no-dig designs to footpaths, and
protection of RPA. By implementing these measures the Proposed Development can
be achieved by minimising tree loss and impacts upon the landscape in the context
of trees.
Fauna
Amphibians
7.242 It is requirement by law to mitigate for impacts on European Protected Species such
as Great Crested Newt and provide opportunities to enhance the conservation
status of the species where possible. Under licence measures will be taken to ensure
no killing or injuring of individuals and enhanced habitat provisions will be made
for the species through grassland and scrub planting and the creation of new
aquatic habitat and the restoration of existing water bodies. It is anticipated that
this will result in a Small Permanent Beneficial change for this VER resulting in a
residual impact of Slight significance.
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Birds
7.243 Whilst the Proposed Development is likely to lead to the displacement of Little
Ringed Plover from the zone of influence of the Application Site due to disturbance
and loss of habitat impacts, the creation of replacement breeding habitat off site as
mitigation will result in no net change in the breeding status of the species at the
County scale. Therefore the residual effect of the Proposed Development upon
breeding Little Ringed Plover is likely to be No Effect.
7.244 Whilst the Proposed Development is likely to lead to the displacement of foraging
Peregrine Falcon during the construction phase due to disturbance and loss of
habitat impacts, the creation of new grassland and scrub habitats are likely to result
in enhanced foraging habitat for the species within the Application Site during the
post-construction phase. Therefore the residual effect of the Proposed Development
upon foraging Peregrine Falcon is likely to be a Permanent Moderate Beneficial
impact.
7.245 The Proposed Development is likely to lead to the displacement of the general bird
assemblage (including Mallard and Black-headed Gull) during the construction
phase due to disturbance and habitat impacts. During the post-construction phase,
the Proposed Development is likely to lead to increased mortality in the general bird
assemblage due to the increased presence of domestic predators. However, the
creation of large areas of new grassland and scrub habitat within the Application
Site is likely to increase the area of available suitable nesting or over-wintering
habitat during the post-construction phase. Therefore the residual effect of the
Proposed Development upon the general bird assemblage is likely to be a
Permanent Negligible/Slight Beneficial impact.
Badger
7.246 Closure of setts under licence, where required, will limit disturbance to Badgers
during development. Habitat provisions and features will provide foraging areas
and scope for movement of Badgers post-construction. However, some small
disturbance impacts may occur post-development and therefore there is a
Permanent Adverse residual impact on the VER of Negligible/Slight significance.
Bats
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7.247 It is requirement by law to mitigate for impacts on European Protected Species such
as bats and to provide opportunities to enhance the conservation status of the
species where possible. Under licence measures will be taken to ensure no killing or
injuring of individuals and enhanced roosting provisions will be made for the
species through a bat box scheme. Habitat enhancements in the form of species
rich calcareous grassland and scrub are likely to benefit bat activity at the Proposed
Development and a sensitive lighting strategy will ensure lighting impacts are
minimised. It is therefore anticipated that there will be Permanent Beneficial
impact on this VER resulting in a residual impact of Negligible/Slight significance.
Invertebrates
7.248 Habitat enhancement features will provide alternative habitat for key species
assemblages associated with scrub edge and rich flower resources. However, due to
the permanent loss of ephemeral/short perennial habitat there will be residual
impacts on species assemblages associated with unshaded early successional
habitats. This will result in a Permanent Adverse impact of Slight significance.
7.249 Table 7.12 provides a summary of residual effects.
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Table 7.12: Summary of construction and post-construction residual effects on ecology and nature conservation
Impact Nature of Impact Pre-mitigation Significance
Mitigation Measure Adverse or Beneficial
Duration Post – Mitigation Significance
Construction
Semi-natural broadleaf woodland
Habitat loss Negligible /slight
n/a Adverse Permanent Negligible /slight
Broadleaf plantation woodland
Habitat loss Negligible /slight
n/a Adverse Permanent Negligible /slight
Dense scrub Habitat loss Negligible /slight
Retention/replacement Neutral Permanent No effect
Semi-improved calcareous grassland
Habitat loss Negligible /slight
Replacement habitat Beneficial Permanent Negligible /slight
Tall ruderal Habitat loss Negligible /slight
n/a Adverse Permanent Negligible /slight
Ephemeral/short perennial
Habitat loss Negligible /slight
n/a Adverse Permanent Negligible /slight
Hedgerow Habitat loss Negligible /slight
n/a Adverse Permanent Negligible /slight
Great Crested Newt Habitat loss Slight Replacement habitat Exclusion protection measures
Beneficial Permanent Slight
Breeding Little Ringed Plover
Habitat lossDisturbance
Moderate Off-site replacement habitat Neutral Permanent No effect
Breeding Peregrine Falcon
Habitat lossDisturbance
Moderate Replacement habitat
Beneficial Permanent Moderate
General breeding bird assemblage
Habitat lossDisturbance
Negligible /slight
Replacement habitat Timing works
Beneficial Permanent Negligible /slight
Wintering Peregrine Falcon
Habitat lossDisturbance
Moderate Replacement habitat
Beneficial Permanent Moderate
Wintering Mallard Habitat lossDisturbance
Negligible /slight
Replacement habitat Timing works
Beneficial Permanent Negligible /slight
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Impact Nature of Impact Pre-mitigation Significance
Mitigation Measure Adverse or Beneficial
Duration Post – Mitigation Significance
Wintering Black-headed Gull
Habitat lossDisturbance
Negligible /slight
Replacement habitat Timing works
Beneficial Permanent Negligible /slight
General wintering bird assemblage
Habitat lossDisturbance
Negligible /slight
Replacement habitat Timing works
Beneficial Permanent Negligible /slight
Badger Habitat lossDisturbance
Negligible /slight
Replacement habitat Exclusion to minimise disturbance
Neutral Permanent No effect
Bat assemblage Habitat lossDisturbance
Negligible /slight
Replacement habitat
Beneficial Permanent Negligible /slight
Bat roost loss Habitat lossDisturbance
Negligible /slight
Replacement habitat Exclusion protection measures
Beneficial Permanent Negligible /slight
Invertebrates Habitat loss Slight Replacement habitat Adverse Permanent Slight
Post-Construction River Rhee CWS Recreational disturbance Negligible
/slight n/a Adverse Permanent Negligible /slight
Great Crested Newt Recreational disturbance Negligible /slight
n/a Adverse Permanent Negligible /slight
Breeding Little Ringed Plover
Disturbance Moderate Off-site replacement habitat Neutral Permanent No effect
Breeding Peregrine Falcon
Disturbance Moderate Replacement habitat
Beneficial Permanent Moderate
General breeding bird assemblage
Disturbance Negligible /slight
Replacement habitat
Beneficial Permanent Negligible /slight
Wintering Peregrine Falcon
Disturbance Moderate Replacement habitat
Beneficial Permanent Moderate
Wintering Mallard Disturbance Negligible /slight
Replacement habitat
Beneficial Permanent Negligible /slight
Wintering Black-headed Gull
Disturbance Negligible /slight
Replacement habitat
Beneficial Permanent Negligible /slight
General wintering bird assemblage
Disturbance Negligible /slight
Replacement habitat
Beneficial Permanent Negligible /slight
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Impact Nature of Impact Pre-mitigation Significance
Mitigation Measure Adverse or Beneficial
Duration Post – Mitigation Significance
Badger Disturbance Negligible/slight
n/a Adverse Permanent Negligible /slight
Bat assemblage Disturbance Negligible /slight
Replacement habitat Lighting strategy
Beneficial Permanent Negligible /slight
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CUMULATIVE EFFECTS
7.250 The following adverse residual effects will occur:
Recreational disturbance of the River Rhee CWS ((negligible/slight, permanent);
Loss of woodland (negligible/slight, permanent);
Loss of ruderal habitat (negligible/slight, permanent);
Loss of ephemeral/short perennial habitat (negligible/slight, permanent);
Loss of hedgerow (negligible/slight, permanent);
Disturbance of Badger and Great Crested Newt (negligible/slight, permanent);
and
Loss of ephemeral invertebrate habitat (slight, permanent).
7.251 Four committed development schemes are considered in the assessment of
cumulative impacts.
7.252 S/1080/10/CM concerns the importation of restoration materials into the quarry and
restoration of the area to agricultural and nature conservation after-uses. This is
unlikely to result in further significant cumulative impacts on woodland, hedgerow
or tall ruderal habitats. Although some temporary disturbance of Badger may occur
the restored quarry is likely to result in beneficial impacts on the population
through the provision of foraging habitat and no further permanent disturbance
would be expected following completion to increase the significance of the impact.
Although the restoration of the quarry was predicted to result in a loss of quarry
floor habitat the impact of this on invertebrate communities was considered to be
of negligible significance. Therefore the cumulative effects associated with this
application are unlikely to increase any significance of impact.
7.253 S/2309/06/O and S/1152/12/RM concern a residential development in Hauxton,
approximately 3.5km to the north east of the Application Site. These committed
developments are unlikely to result in further significant cumulative impacts on
woodland, hedgerow or tall ruderal habitats as the site is on PDL. The distance of
this residential development is unlikely to result in further cumulative impacts of
recreational disturbance on the Badger population at the Application Site. The
committed development may result in some loss of ephemeral habitats although
these are considered unlikely to increase the significance of impacts on invertebrate
assemblages.
Former CEMEX Cement Works, Haslingfield Road, Barrington 7-65 Environmental Statement – Chapter 7: Ecology and Nature Conservation
7.254 S/1029/10/F concerns a small residential development (14 dwellings) in Foxton,
approximately 2km to the south east of the Application Site. The scale of this
committed development is unlikely to result in further significant cumulative
impacts on woodland, hedgerow, tall ruderal or ephemeral habitats. Furthermore
the scale of the committed development is unlikely to result in further recreational
disturbance to the Badger population at the Application Site.
SUMMARY
7.255 The Application Site is situated on the fringes of Barrington village approximately
9.5km to the south west of Cambridge city. The Application Site comprises PLD with
concrete hardstanding, buildings and ephemeral early successional habitats. Other
naturalised habitats within the Application Site included woodlands, scrub,
grassland and open water.
7.256 Several sites of nature conservation interest are situated in close proximity to the
Application Site. Direct impacts on these areas are not predicted although non-
significant residual impacts associated with recreational disturbance are predicted
for accessible areas of the River Rhee CWS.
7.257 Although the site comprises habitats which are heavily influenced by human
activities there are features of ecological value. These include habitats such as semi-
improved calcareous grassland, scrub, woodland and hedgerow. These habitats
have some intrinsic value due to the botanic diversity they contain. Calcareous
grassland, woodland and hedgerow are Habitats of Principal Importance, UK BAP
and Cambridgeshire BAP habitats. However, the examples recorded within the site
were considered to be a poor representation of these habitats with relatively low
species diversity and losses associated with the Proposed Development were
considered to be of negligible/slight significance.
7.258 The masterplan for the Proposed Development includes large scale habitat creation
features including the provision of 3ha of calcareous grassland habitats which will
result in non-significant permanent beneficial impacts. Replacement scrub habitat
and new aquatic habitat will be provided although there will be non-significant
adverse impacts as a result of the permanent loss of woodland, ephemeral,
hedgerow and ruderal habitat.
Former CEMEX Cement Works, Haslingfield Road, Barrington 7-66 Environmental Statement – Chapter 7: Ecology and Nature Conservation
7.259 A small breeding population of Great Crested Newt is situated outside the
Application Site boundary but within the zone of influence. To mitigate for loss of
terrestrial habitat alternative provisions will made. New aquatic habitat will be
created and existing water bodies will be enhanced to increase their suitability for
the species. Some non-significant residual effects associated with recreational
disturbance may occur although on balance the conservation status of the species
will not be impacted and possible enhanced.
7.260 Breeding Little Ringed Plover and Peregrine Falcon are present within the zone of
influence and these species are considered to be county value. Some potential
impacts associated with disturbance of breeding Little Ringed Plover will be offset
with the provision of an off-site wader scrape. The provision of enhanced habitats
throughout the proposed development are likely to maintain and provide enhanced
foraging areas for Peregrine and other breeding and wintering avifauna.
7.261 Badger activity was recorded at the Application Site and within the surrounding
zone of influence. Temporary closure of setts close to the construction footprint will
be required to minimise disturbance. Upon completion widespread foraging
opportunities for Badger will remain with features included within the design to
facilitate movement of the species. Some non-significant residual impacts
associated with recreational and lighting disturbance may occur.
7.262 Three bat roosts are present within the Application Site for Common Pipistrelle,
Soprano Pipistrelle and Brown Long-eared Bat. These roosts are considered to be of
lower conservation value and mitigation and enhancement measures will ensure
permanent, non-significant beneficial effects. The bat species assemblage and
activity was considered to be of local value and habitat features within the scheme,
and a sensitive lighting strategy, will ensure permanent, non-significant beneficial
effects for bats at the site.
7.263 A relatively high diversity of invertebrate species was recorded at the Application
Site including chalk specialist such as the Chalk Carpet moth. Important
assemblages associated with scrub edge, flower rich areas and unshaded early
successional habitats were recorded. Habitat provisions in the form of calcareous
grassland and scrub will provide features for invertebrates post-construction. There
will be a residual permanent adverse impact of slight significance due to the loss of
ephemeral habitats but the provision of high quality habitats is, on balance,
considered likely to provide an overall biodiversity gain.
Former CEMEX Cement Works, Haslingfield Road, Barrington 7-67 Environmental Statement – Chapter 7: Ecology and Nature Conservation
7.264 The CEMP will outline measures to protect ecological features within the site during
the construction phase. A NCMP will outline long-term measures for management
of the ecological features of the proposed development. This will ensure success in
delivering valued habitats and species which reflect and add to the diversity of the
surrounding landscape.
7.265 Some non-significant residual effects are predicted and these are associated with
recreational disturbance (of the River Rhee CWS, Badgers and Great Crested Newt)
and permanent habitat loss (woodland, ephemeral, ruderal and hedgerow
habitats). Although residual adverse impacts are predicted these are not considered
to be significant and on balance it is considered that the Proposed Development
will deliver biodiversity gains through the provision of extensive areas of calcareous
grassland and other appropriate ecological features for the landscape.
Former CEMEX Cement Works, Haslingfield Road, Barrington 7-68 Environmental Statement – Chapter 7: Ecology and Nature Conservation
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