1 12. vacuole a. temporary storage (sugars, proteins, minerals, wastes & pigments) b. plants...
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12. VacuoleA. Temporary storage
(sugars, proteins,
minerals, wastes &
pigments)
B. Plants have a large
central vacuole
C. Animals have a small
or absent vacuole
Vacuole
Cells – Part 3
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13. Mitochondrion (plural = mitochondria)
A. “Powerhouse” of the cell
B. Generate cellular energy
(ATP)
C. More active cells like
muscle cells have MORE
mitochondria
D. Both plants & animal cells
have mitochondria
E. Site of CELLULAR
RESPIRATION (burning
sugar to produce energy
(ATP) )
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MITOCHONDRIAA. Surrounded by
a DOUBLE
membrane
1. Increases
surface area for
more chemical
reactions
B. Has its own
DNA
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14. Plastids (Plant Cells)
A. A plant organelle
B. Contain pigments
C. Example:
A. Leucoplasts: colorless;
store starch
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15. Chloroplast (Plant cells)
A. Contain the green pigment chlorophyllB. Traps in sunlight to make sugar (food)C. Process is called photosynthesis
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16. Cytoskeleton
A.Helps cell maintain cell shape
B.Made of proteinsC.Network of
fibers constructed of:a. microtubulesb. microfilaments
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17. Peroxisomes1. Use oxygen to
break down fats2. In the liver;
detoxifies alcohol
18. Centrioles (Animal cell)
1.Near the nucleus
2.Paired structure
3.Help cell divide
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19. Cilia1. Movement in unicellular
organisms2. Occur in large numbers3. Cells in a part of a tissue layer
use cilia to move fluid over the surface.
4. Example: Lining of windpipe20. Flagella1.Movement in unicellular
organisms2.Generally longer than cilia and
limited to one or a few per cell3. Example: Sperm and algae
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A. Types of Cells2. Different kinds
of animal cells1.Different kinds
of plant cells
Cell Comparisons
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Similarities between plant and animal cells
1.Both have a cell membrane surrounding the cytoplasm
2.Both have a nucleus3.Both contain mitochondria
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C. Differences between plant and animal cells
Animal Cells Plant Cells
Relatively smaller in size
Relatively larger in size
Irregular shape Regular shape
No cell wall Cell wall present
Vacuole small or absent
Large central vacuole
Glycogen as food storage
Starch as food source
Nucleus at the center
Nucleus near cell wall
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E. Plant Cell
Organelles
D. Animal Cell
Organelles