1-2. basic english course

8/13/2019 1-2. Basic English Course

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UNIT 1 GRAMMAR: PRESENT PERFECT (I)Illustrative Situations

/. Study these example situations:Tom is looking for his key. He can't find it. He has lost his key.When we use the resent erfect there is a connection with the !resent:"'#e lost the key. $%" ha#en't got it now.&im has gone to (anada. $%He is in (anada or on his waythere &)h* dear+ "'#e forgotten her name. $% " can't remem,er it now.&

Ha#e you washed the dishes- $Are they clean now-&The train hasn't arri#ed yet. $%The train isn't at the station.&The train has already arri#ed. $ % The train is at the station.&

//. Listen to the texts and answer the questions:0 Mr (ollins ga#e his secretary some letters to ty!e an hour ago. He is going homesoon and he wants to sign the letters ,efore he lea#es. He has 1ust !icked u! the !honeand asked his secretary this 2uestion:3Ha#e you done those letters yet-3Questions: When did Mr (ollins gi#e his secretary the letters- Why does he want to sign

them now- What has he 1ust done- What is his 2uestion-4 Arthur's secretary has 1ust sto!!ed another secretary in thecorridor.3Ha#e you seen Mr Tigers-3 she wants to know35es* " ha#e " saw him only a moment ago He's 1ust gone down that corridor 3 6hemight catch him if she hurries.

Questions: What has Arthur's secretary 1ust done- What does she want to know- Hasthe other secretary seen Arthur- What has he 1ust done-7. The !olice are asking the ticket collector a,out a man theythink might ,e on the 8ondon tram.

3Ha#e you seen this man-339o* " ha#en't. " mean* " don't think so.33Has the 8ondon train left yet-339o* it hasn't.3Questions: Why are the !olice asking the ticket collector a,out the man in the!hotogra!h- What are their 2uestions- What are the collector's answers-

///. Listen and imitate. Role-play the conversations.0. 6o you are ,ack from town 5es* and "'#e ,rought you a ,ook from the li,rary That's #ery nice of you.4. Aunt has !romised to take me to the theatre. Will she ,e a,le to afford it* do you think- " ho!e so.7. Will ane come to the dance tonight* do you think- " don't think so. Why not- ecause she hasn't come home yet.;. "t's Mrs aker's ,irthday tomorrow. " know. Ha#e you written to her yet- 9o* " ha#en't* ,ut "'m going to.


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When is she going to learn- 9e>t month* " think.?. " am worried a,out aul. He's failed his e>am again. " say* he must ,e either unlucky or ill. He is neither unlucky nor ill. He is sim!ly la@y 5ou may ,e right.. Ha#e you thanked Ba#id for all his wonderful hel!- 9o* " ha#en't. Why ha#en't you-

"'m sorry* ,ut "'#e ,een una,le to get in touch with him.C. Ha#e you written to Ann- 9o* " ha#en't. Why ha#en't you- "'m sorry* ,ut "'#e ,een awfully ,usy.0D. im is going to ,ecome a !rofessional foot,aller. "s he really- 5es* he is* though he has ne#er !layed in the school team. How e>traordinary+00. What's the matter-

"'#e 1ust fallen off my ,icycle. oor ,oy+04. Mike Hanson has 1oined a 1ungle e>!edition. What for- To shoot a film a,out animals That's #ery ,ra#e of him.07. "'#e found this !en "s it yours- 9o* it isn't mine " think it's Eate's. " don't think so* she has a green one. ut she has more than one !en

0;. Ha#e you e#er ,een to 6cotland- "'#e only ,een there once* ,ut "'#e often ,een to Wales. "'#e ne#er ,een to Wales. "s it !leasant there- )h* #ery !leasant* ,ut it fre2uently rains in summer.0


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44. 5ou know the city well 5ou ha#e ,een here ,efore* ha#en'tyou- 5es* " ha#e.47. 3Henry+3 35es* dear-33"'m going u! to ,ed now. Bon't forget to do your little 1o,s.3 39o* dear.3Henry turned off the tele#ision and went into the kitchen. He fed the cat* washed u!se#eral dishes* dried them and !ut them away. Then he !ut the cat out* locked all thedoors and turned out all the lights. When he got to the ,edroom* his wife was sitting u!in ,ed reading a ,ook and eating chocolates.

3Well dear* ha#e you done all your little 1o,s-3 3" think so* my lo#e.3 3Ha#e you fed thecat-3 35es* dear.33Ha#e you !ut him out-3 35es* dear.33Ha#e you washed u! the dishes-3 35es* dear.33Ha#e you !ut them all away-3 35es* dear.33Ha#e you turned out all the lights-3 35es* dear.33Ha#e you locked the front door-3 35es* dear.33Then you can come to ,ed.3 3Thank you* dear.3After a little while they heard a gate ,anging downstairs. 3Henry.3 . 35es* dear.33"'m afraid you'#e forgotten to shut the garden gate.3 3)h dear+ ...3

Practice/. Listen and imitate:0. 8ook+ Bick has ,ought a record. 4. at hasn't gi#en me the ,ook yet. 7. "'#e 1ustcome from a #ery im!ortant meeting. ;. He has not thought a,out uni#ersity yet.


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///. "xpress your disagreement with the ollowing interrogative-negative utterances:e.g. 5ou ha#en't seen 6te#e today* ha#e you- 5es* " ha#e. "'#e 1ust seen him.0. 5ou ha#en't laid the ta,le* ha#e you- 4. He hasn't found his glasses* has he- 7. 5ouha#en't written to aul* ha#e you- ;. The lecture hasn't ,egun yet* has it-


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Where are the rowns- $go to 8ondon&;. Why hasn't Mary come- $fall ill& ams& 7. Will 6am Morgan !lay today- $not* reco#er& ;. Will the ,oss ,e lea#ingsoon- $not* recei#e all the #isitors& ams&


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dinnerI 07. she/s!eak to the rectorI 0;. you/hear 3Aida3I 0


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Roger: ...4. 6ue is riding a horse. 6he doesn't feel #ery confident and comforta,le. 5ou ask: ...6ue: ...7. Maria is in Fngland. 6he's 1ust arri#ed and it's #ery new for her. 5ou ask: ...Maria: ...;. 8ucy is making a cake. ut she is not sure it will ,e a good cake. 5ou ask: ... 8ucy:ters/the Hunts 5ou'#e in#ited the a>ters* ha#en't you- 5es* " ha#e ,ut " ha#en't in#ited the Hunts.0. you/!hone/Helen/AliceI 4. Bick/,ring/the ma!/the com!assI 7.you/,e/8ondon/8i#er!oolI ;. you/tell/Fmma/TomI the sink- 0. What has ,ecome of your ,icycle- 0C. Eatelooks ha!!y. 4D. Will 6te#e 1oin us- 40. Bid you en1oy the ,ook- 44. "s eter a cle#erman- 47. Bo you like his new car- 4;. 5ou must teach him to swim. 4


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you ,uy this ty!ewriter-

++###. /a&e up dialogues using the prompts: e.g. A: "'#e 1ust ,een to the new (hineserestaurant.: )h+ Ha#e you- "'#e 1ust ,een to an "ndian restaurant. rompts: a new Jrench car/aGerman carI a ,ook ,y ohn Wyndham/a ,ook ,y 9e#il 6huteI a new 1o, in 8ondon/anew 1o, in ristolI lunch in the new canteen/lunch in the cafe round the cornerI the filmat the )deon/the film at the la@aI a concert on Radio 4/a !lay on Radio 7.

Fluency/. Listen to the conversations. As& and answer questions. Role-play the

conversations.0. aul: (an you lend me K hausted- What housework has he done- What hasn'the done yet- Who is coming to see the a>ters tonight-Situation: 5ou'#e 1ust come home from work. 5ou ask your daughter whether she hasdone the work you told her to do when you were lea#ing the house.


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8ondon. At the moment he's in rague. "t's the eighth day of the tour. He's already,een to se#en countries and stayed in the ca!ital cities. He's ne#er ,een to Furo!e,efore* and he's already seen a lot of new !laces. He's done a lot of interesting things ...and the tour hasn't finished yet.Mrs (olt: ... Flmer- ... "s that you-Flmer: 5es* Momma.Mrs (olt: Where are you now* Flmer-0?Flmer: "'#e 1ust arri#ed in rague* Momma.

Mrs (olt: 5ou ha#en't sent me any !ostcards yet.Flmer: 5es* " ha#e ... "'#e sent one from e#ery city.Mrs (olt: Ha#e you ,een to aris yet* Flmer-Flmer: 5es* " ha#e.Mrs (olt: Ha#e you ,een to ienna yet-Flmer: 9o* " ha#en't. We are going to ienna tomorrow.Mrs (olt: Flmer+ Are you still there-Flmer: 5es* Momma.Mrs (olt: How many countries ha#e you seen now* Flmer-Flmer: Well* this is the eighth day* so "'#e already seen eight

countries.Mrs (olt: Ha#e you s!ent much money* Flmer- Flmer: 5es* Momma. "'#e ,ought alot of sou#enirs ... and " want to ,uy some more. (an you send me a thousand dollars-Mrs (olt: All right* Flmer. Mrs (olt: Flmer* are you listening to me- Flmer: 5es*Momma.Mrs (olt: Ha#e you taken many !hotogra!hs* Flmer- Flmer: 5es* Momma* "'#etaken a lot. "'#e used three rollsof film.Mrs (olt: Ha#e you met any nice girls yet* Flmer- Flmer: )h* yes* Momma...there's a girl from Te>as on the

tour. We'#e done e#erything together. Mrs (olt: Flmer+ Flmer+ Are you still there*Flmer-

Questions: Where is Flmer (olt from- What is he doing at the moment- How manycountries has he #isited so far- Where is he !honing his mother from- Has he sent hismother any !ostcards- What does Flmer ask his mother to do- Has Flmer taken any!hotogra!hs- Has Flmer met any nice girls- Where is his girlfriend from-Situation: "magine you are on a tour of Furo!e. "t's the tenth day of your tour and youare !honing your friend from aris. Self check

/. !se the proper tense orms.0. At last " $do& my homework. " can go for a walk now. 4. The delegation already$arri#e& ,ut we $not* s!eak& with its mem,ers yet. 7. 8ast month " $read& twointeresting ,ooks ,ut " $not* read& anything so far this month. ;. 35ou $make& anys!elling mistakes in your test-3 39o* " $not* make& any mistakes.3


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7. QOS^ NO[ _ZOQ^. `_ U_\ONO\* _PO _ NOS. ;. O_ZS_Z^^N [OSNO < S_[* ^O O^ _ ^S\ YOVOXO [[.


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0D. Ha#e you sold your car- 5es* " ha#e. Why did you sell it- "'d like to ,uy a aguar.4DPractice

/. Respond to the ollowing using the resent erett and the Simple ast:e.g. Why don't you ,uy this dictionary- $yesterday& "'#e already ,ought it. " ,ought it yesterday.

0. Why don't you send her a telegram- $this morning& 4. Will you make tea* !lease- $afew minutes ago& 7. Bo your homework* $,efore su!!er& ;. 5ou should read the ,ook*$in summer& !edition* $last Jriday& 00. Why don't you in#ite therowns- $yesterday& 04. 5ou must re!air the T set. $yesterday morning& 07. 5oushould ,ook the tickets in ad#ance* $last 6aturday& 0;. Gi#e her your ty!ewriter for afew days* $yesterday&

//. Say when:

e.g. Henry has fallen ill. He fell ill on Tuesday.0. They ha#e ,egun the e>!eriment. 4. "'#e found my ticket. 7. He has finished thework. ;. They ha#e rung him u!.


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3Ha#e you e#er done this sort of work ,efore-33Where did you work last-3 3How long did you work there-34. Ha#e you e#er ,een to aris- 5es* 0 ha#e. When were you there- 8ast s!ring. What did you think of it- "t was #ery ,eautiful.7. Richard ne#er ,elie#es what the critics say a,out a film He always asks his friends

instead. He wants to know if the new Jellini film is any good He is talking to a friendnow. His first2uestion is:3Ha#e you seen the new Jellini film-3The answer is: 35es* " ha#e.3Richard then asks different 2uestions like: When did you see it- Where did you see it-Was it good-

$ariations0. 5ou ne#er ,elie#e what tra#el ,rochures say. 5ou want to know a,out Moscow.erha!s your friends know. What do you ask your friends first Ask WHF9- Ask: #ery

cold- any other tourists- the ,allet- ,y train or !lane-444. 5ou want to go to a language school in ournemouth* Fngland. 5ou want toknow a,out the town* the weather* etc. 5ou ha#e a friend who has tra#elled a lot. Ask2uestions with these words.a& e#er/ournemouth d& How long/there,& When e& a lot of Fnglish-c& weather like- f& !rices #ery high-7. Arthur Bocker has a different car e#ery year. He has a Rolls Royce this year. Ask2uestions with these words.

a& e#er/a Mercedes d& fast,& When e& e>!ensi#ec& a good car f& How long$#. Answer the questions:0. Ha#e you e#er ,een to Eie#- When were you there- Bid you go there on ,usiness orfor !leasure- How long did you stay there- 4. Ha#e you e#er tra#elled ,y sea- Whenwas it- Bid you en1oy your #oyage- Ha#e you e#er tra#elled ,y air- When did you lasttra#el ,y air- Bid you feel airsick- 7. Ha#e you seen your friend this month- When didyou see him $her&- Bid you s!end much time together- ;. When did you go to thecinema last- Was the film interesting- Ha#e you seen many films this month- Ha#e you,een to the theatre this week-


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George: aris in the s!ring* eh-Een: "t was s!ring ,ut the weather was awful. "t. rained allthe time. George: ust like dear old 8ondon+

//. Role-play the conversation.###. Situation: 5ou suggest to your friend going to the mo#ies* ,ut he has already seenthe film you suggest. 5ou ask him some 2uestions a,out the film.#$. Listen to the conversation2 as& and answer questions2 role-play theconversation.eggy: Hullo* ohn. (ome in.

Tom: Hullo* ohn. We're ha#ing lunch. Bo you want to ha#elunch with us- ohn: 9o thank you* Tom. "'#e already had lunch. " had lunchat half !ast twel#e. eggy: Ha#e a cu! of coffee then. ohn: "'#e already had a cu!*thank you. " had one after mylunch. Tom: 8et's go into the li#ingroom* eggy. We can ha#e ourcoffee there. egg5:F>cuse the mess* ohn. This room's #ery untidy. We're!acking our suitcases. We're going to lea#e tomorrow.Tom and " are going to ha#e a holiday. ohn: Aren't you lucky+Tom: When are you going to ha#e a holiday* ohn- ohn: " don't know. "'#e alreadyhad my holiday this year. egg5:Where did you go- ohn: " stayed at home+

$. Situation: 5our friend is in Minsk on ,usiness. He's staying at the Minsk hotel. 5ouare free today and can take him sightseeing. ut it turns out that your friend hasalready seen most of the sights you wanted to show him.

$#. Listen to the conversation2 learn it and ma&e conversations o your own on thesame model:)ne of Be,orah's friends is asking her a,out all the holidays she has had and all the!laces she has ,een to. 3Ha#e you e#er ,een to Rome-3 35es* " ha#e. " was there in0CC.3 3Ha#e you e#er ,een to Me>ico (ity or to Rio-3 35es* "'#e ,een to all those!laces.34;

3)h- When were you in Me>ico (ity ... and when were you in Rio-3Self check/. ut the ver( into the correct orm:0. 5ou $hear& a,out o,- He $,reak& his leg.Really- How that $ha!!en&- 4. " 1ust$return& from 5alta. 5ou $go& there alone- Together with my son. How long you$stay& there- Three weeks. 7. 5our hair looks different. 5ou $ha#e& a haircut- 5es. 5ou $cut& it yourself- 9o* Ann $cut& it for me. ;. 8ook+ 6ome,ody $s!ill& milk on thecar!et. Well* it $not* ,e& me. " wonder who it $,e& then. actly he $go& out- 6usan: A,out ten minutes ago.0D. eter Atkins is talking to one of his girlfriends. 35ou $see& that film yet-335es* " .... " $see& it last week.3 3What you $think& of it-3 3" $not* like& it #ery much.300. Harry: " $go& to a new "ndian restaurant last night with Mary. 6te#e: To that new!lace in Marchmount 6treet-Harry: 5es. 5ou e#er $,e& there-6te#e: 9o* ,ut ar,ara already $,e& there. 6he $lo#e& it. 6hesays she ne#er $eat& such delicious "ndian food.What you $order&- Harry: " $ha#e& a !rawn curry and Mary $try& a Tandori

chicken. They $,e& ,oth fantastic.04. Mikis: " ne#er $,e& to (am,ridge.aul: )h* " $go& there last summer. " $do& a language coursethere.Mikis: 5ou e#er $,e& to )>ford- aul: 9o* ,ut a friend of mine $stay& there for a monthtwo


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years ago. He $en1oy& it #ery much.//. 1ranslate into "nglish:0. ^NOPQ ^_ US [_* Ô US O^. [O USO [V POQ ^Q. 4. xQ_ZO _U^N- [OSNO [O O\[S _PO Q_\. Q_\ N[OÛQ US- 7. [ XS NÔ Q \ ^Q4< __ ^_ _V^S\ ;. LN[OV _ O^S ZP^[OzO^- `_[__.!ensi#e. 5ou say you want tocome here in uly or August. Those are the two months when hotel rates are highest.5ou'd soon make friends at a hotel* ,ut if you want to meet lots of Fnglish !eo!le* youmight like to go to a holiday cam!. That4=doesn't mean slee!ing and eating in tents. Holiday cam!s in Fngland are !ermanent,uildings with e#ery modern con#enience and comfort. There are wooden ca,ins withgood ,eds* electric light* running hot and cold water. There are large ,uildings adininghall* a large hall for dancing $and good dance ,ands&* a cinema* a theatre* a ,ar*a cafe* rooms for games such as ,illiards. "n fact there is* in the cam!* e#erything youwant. The cam! usually has its own swimming!ool and tennis courts.There are usually lots of children in holiday cam!s. There are nurses to look after small

children* so that the !arents can ,e free to amuse themsel#es. That's one reason whyholiday cam!s are !o!ular with married cou!les who ha#e #ery young children. They notonly get a holiday from work* ,ut also a holiday from the children.Here's another suggestion a walking holiday. Walking holidays are much chea!er thanthe kind of holidays "'#e ,een telling you a,out. 5ou know something a,out the 5outhHostels Association* "'m sure. "t's international. There are hostels all o#er Fngland now


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where you can get a ,ed and a chea! meal. Mem,ers of the association can e#en taketheir own food to the hostels and cook it in the kitchen. They ha#e to hel! ,y swee!ingand cleaning the rooms* or washing u! after meals. ut that's not a hardshi!* is it- Awalking holiday de!ends for en1oyment u!on the weather* of course. " can't !romise yougood weather+Thank you for your #ery kind in#itation 0o #isit you and stay with you. "'m sorry " can'tacce!t it this yearI we'#e already made our !lans. ut ne>t year* !erha!s* if it'scon#enient to you then.lease write and let me know if there's anything else you'd like to know. "'m always glad

to hel! youMy wife 1oins me in ,est wishes to you ,oth.5ours sincerely* ohn GrantCo*+rehension

/. Listen to the text Summer 4olidays in "ngland and answer the questions'Where are Mario and his wife going to s!end their holidays- Where did they s!end theirholidays last year- What kind of holidays did they ha#e- What kind of holiday would theylike this year- What is ohn's idea of a good holida#- What are holiday cam!s in Fnglandlike- Why are they con#enient for the !eo!le with children- What ser#ices does the5outh Hostels Association !ro#ide-

4?//. Read the text and analyse the language peculiarities o/ the text. %o some exercisesin the next section to remem(er them.S+ecial ifficulties

/. Report the ollowing suggestions: e.g. A: $aul&: 6hall we start on Jriday- : aulsuggests starting on Jriday.0. 6hall we !lay tennis- 4. 8et's re,uild the garage. 7. 6hall we hitchhike- ;. Why notdrink the local wine- es

u!stairs. 04. 8et's go on a motortour. 07. 6hall we slee! in 5outh Hostels- 0;. 8et'ss!end the day on the ,each.0


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meeting. =. Bid he ... any money- ?. What shall we do on the weekend- Well* whatdo you ...- . " was #ery ,usy and Mary ... to ,uy a ticket for me.$. *ill in the gaps. !se the nouns suggestion or oer:0. Bid you acce!t his ... of hel!- 4. Ha#e you any ... to make- 7. 5our ... seemsinteresting to me. ;. He offered me some money. " was sur!rised at his ... .


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ane: erha!s "'ll 1ust go to 6cotland or "reland in the end. "'#e heard they are ,oth#ery ,eautiful* and " ha#en't ,een to either of them. Mary: We went to "reland twoyears ago to !ay ill and herhus,and a #isit. They're in Bu,lin now. ane: )h* yes* so they are+7DMary: "f you decide on "reland you can call in on them. ill would willingly !ut you u! fora few days* "'m sure.ane: That's a good idea+ " ha#en't seen ill for more than three years now and "'d liketo know how she's getting on.

/. Listen to the conversation 4oliday lans and answer the questions:When is ane taking her holiday- Has she made her !lans yet- Why can't she affordgoing a,road this year- Where might she s!end her holiday this year- What makes"reland a !ossi,le choice-

//. Read the conversation and analyse its language peculiarities.###. 8ive a (rie account o the conversation.#$. *ind in the text appropriate phrases or the ollowing:Q [ _Q_X- { _ V^S V_X_^_- [VQ^[_SÔZ Z[_VSÔZOSO_^ ^\[O ZOZ_^[. |OYO_* O^ YOVOXO VOOQ[ V_Z. [O YOVOXQ_. ^_ Q_S S UOS__ [V_Y S_[* Z^_ U YO[_SO\ ^[* NN O^ O_[.

[_U _ US O[\N q[O[ POQ- O UV[ [OSNO [O _YS _N\N ^ Q_^_Q_S. \S [ O\[ÔX \O UOV ^ VS^Q* [ ZO_X ^_\[[ Y. _ US \^ QQ. U_V O[\N NO^_ \_^[UV. |O_Z U [_U_ ^_O_Y[ _N\N- OVOXO Z* \O\[O[_S^Z SbQZ. _ O[V[S ZÔPOQ_^_P q[OZ POQ. _QS VS^Qb Q POQ ^Q ^_\[[ S __ Z. _V_^* S OYO[Ô V^S U [_U ^ ^_\NOSNO Q^_. L VOXSOZ Z_\_ ZO_ NV[V_ US V_ZO^[.$. As& questions on the conversation.$#. Role-play the conversation.$##. Situation: 5our friend and you are making !lans for the coming holidays.

After the %oli-ayseter: "t's nice to see you* Helen. How are you-Helen: Good morning* eter. Ho!e you are well. Ha#en't seenyou for ages. Where ha#e you ,een all this time- eter: "'#e 1ust arri#ed from righton." s!ent my holidays atthe seaside. Ha#e you e#er ,een there-70Helen: 5es* " was there last year. "t's a nice !lace* isn't it- " ho!eyou en1oyed yourself greatly.eter: )h* yes. " had a #ery nice time. The weather was fine. " swam much* lay in thesun and made a lot of friends. Helen: Bid you go to righton alone- eter: 9o*together with my cousin Bick. 5ou remem,er him*don't you-Helen: 6ure. Has he finished school yet- eter: 5es* he is a student at )>fordni#ersity. And how areyou getting on- " ha#en't heard from you lately. Helen: "'m 2uite all right* thank you.(ome and see me some day*will you-eter: "'d ,e delighted. Good,ye. Helen: 6ee you soon. ye.

/. Listen to the conversation and answer the ollowing questions:Where did eter s!end his holidays- Bid he ha#e a good time in righton- Was he there

alone- How is Helen getting on-//. Read the conversation and analyse its language peculiarities.###. 8ive a (rie account o the conversation.#$. *ind in the text appropriate phrases or the ollowing: [OSNO [O V_YS V[O^. N O_X- O_^YOVOXO VO_S V_Z. j[O S_[ [_U ^_ Q_S. xQ_ [ VOQS \_ q[O V_Z- ]^


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_ NO^S XNOS- |O\S_Q^__ V_Z ^_ OSS O[ [_U ^NNY _\[. YOQNO Z^_ ^ Q^Y. { NOPQSUO US V[O^_- j QOOS\[_Z. Q [_UQ_[. O \NOVO \[V_. { _Q OZ^X _PO- O^_^O. v $. 8ive synonymousexpressions rom the text:"'m glad to see you. How are you kee!ing- (ertainly. "'d lo#e to. How a,out coming tosee me one of these days- "'m fine* thank you. " ho!e you had a good time.$#. Act out the conversation.$##. Situation: 5ou meet a friend of yours. He says he has 1ust returned from Moscow."t was his first tri! there. He's full of im!ressions.

"istenin.Ann oes to ItalyAnn is a student at 8ondon ni#ersity. 6he studies "talian. 8ast summer she flew to"taly. 6he toured "taly ,y coach. 6he saw a lot of interesting !laces. 6he ate s!aghetti inRome* drank coffee in enice and took a lot of !hotogra!hs. The sun shone e#ery day.6he lay in the sun and swam a lot. 6he stayed in "taly for a month. 6he wrote !ostcardsto all her friends and relati#es. 6he met a lot of interesting !eo!le in "taly. 6he ,ought alot of "talian !o! records and ,rought them ,ack to Fngland.

/. Listen to the text Ann 8oes to #taly. As& and answer questions on the text.##. 1ell a(out Ann's trip to #taly.

###. Situation: 5our friend has 1ust come ,ack from his holiday. 5ou are asking hima,out it.rompts: where/s!end- how long/stay there- go alone- how/ tra#el- the weather/fine-where/meals- what/do in the e#enings- meet any interesting !eo!le- ,uy anything-ha#e a good time- when/come ,ack-#$. 1ell a(out a holiday you en)oyed.I Thou.ht It /as a Shark8ast year my friend Ro,ert went to a small seaside town for a week's holiday. Ro,ertusually takes his holiday in une ,ut last year he took it in August.He didn't take many clothes with him only a few shirts* a !air of shorts and his

swimmingcostume. He went from 8ondon to the sea town ,y train and the 1ourney tookthree hours. Ro,ert likes tra#elling ,y train.He stayed at a small hotel near the ,each. F#ery morning ,efore ,reakfast he ran downto the sea and had a 2uick swim. 6ometimes he took a ,oat and went fishing for theday.)nce he 1um!ed into the water when a ,ig cra, ,it him. He 1um!ed u! and shouted forhel!. eo!le ran from the ,each into the water to hel! him. They thought he was dead.The hotel kee!er ran down to the ,each too. He thought someone was drowning."n a #ery short time there were a,out fifty or si>ty !eo!le. They were standing roundRo,ert. They all wanted to know what77was going on. Ro,ert ,ecame red in the face. He thought a shark was going to eat him.ut it was only a cra,.

/. Listen to the text2 as& and answer questions on the text.##. 1ell a(out Ro(ert's holiday last year.Rea-in. %oli-ayseo!le ha#e more money and more leasure nowadays and e#en young !eo!le canafford to go a,road. Many tra#el agents offer chea! cut!rice tickets for flights to all!arts of the world* so the youngsters can a#oid the crowded* wellknown !laces andget to less famous areas which are off the ,eaten track. "nstead of using !u,lictrans!ort and hotels they can tra#el ,y hitchhiking and stay at youth hostels. ut

most !eo!le !refer some kind of !ackage holiday at a !o!ular holiday resort* whichmeans that e#erything is arranged for you and the !rice you !ay includes trans!ort* foodand accomodation. Try to a#oid taking your holiday during the ,usy !eak tourist season."t's more crowded and e>!ensi#e. "f !ossi,le go in the 2uieter off!eak !eriod.Self check

/. !se the proper tense' orms. A. Mr rown: " say what you and you sister $,e


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going& todo for your holiday this year-Mr Ro,inson: Well* " $not* know&* "'d like to take my sister a,road* ,ut then she can'tlea#e her children. What you $do&-Mr rown: We $go& to the sea. Mr Ro,inson: Where you $go& as a rule- Mr rown:We $try& many seaside !laces on the east and south coastsI on the whole* " think we$!refer& the south.Mr Ro,inson: 5ou $take& rooms or $stay& at a hotel- Mr rown: This year we $take&a furnished house. Why

don't you 1oin us- "t $,e& great fun.Mr Ro,inson: " think it $,e& a good idea. " $talk& it o#erwith my sister and see what she $think& a,out it.. ostcards always $s!oil& my holidays. 8ast summer " $go&to "taly. " $#isit& museums and $sit& in !u,lic gardens.A friendly waiter $teach& me a few words of "talian. Then he$lend& me a ,ook. " $read& a few lines ,ut " $not* understand&

0a word. F#ery day " $think& a,out !ostcards. My holidays $!ass& #ery 2uickly* ,ut " $not*send& any !ostcards to my friends. )n the last day " $make& a ,ig decision. 0 $get& u!

early and $,uy& thirtyse#en cards. " $s!end& the whole day in my room ,ut " $not*write& a single card.

//. 1ranslate into "nglish: |V_[* ^QV_+ Q [_U Q_[. QV\[* LN[OV+ `_ Q_S [_U _Sb _Ô\[ xQ_ [VOQS- LQX S* [OSNO [O _V^S\ ^PS. { NOPQSUO[Z US- \OS_^b* ^_[. Ò \OUVb\ O_Y[ [Q \S_Qb_Z POQ. {QOOS_^ \O_ O_QNO-

O^_Ô. ~O^QO^ OQ^ NV\_XY POVOQO* NO[OV_ NOPQSUOQ_S. VOUS [Z Q_ ^_Q_S V_NV\Ô VO_S V_Z. |VYOQ NO Z^_ ^Q^Y. ON [_U_ \O zO[OPVz. OVOXO. O \NOVO \[V_.Fluency

/. 1al&ing points:0. What is your idea of a good holiday-4 6!eak in fa#our or against s!ending a holiday in a 2uiet fishing #illage.7. What are the ad#antages and disad#antages of going on aguided tour-;. What do you think of a walking holiday- Bo you find iten1oya,le-


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Ask your friend to meet you at the station. Bo it Hke this:Bear aul+We are really en1oying 8ondon. We are staying at the Georgian Hotel and we like it #erymuch. We're going to stay in 8ondon till ne>t Jriday. Then we're going to righton. $"'llsend you a card from there&. 8ondon is a #ery ,eautiful city. We're en1oying themuseums* the !arks* the sho!s and the theatres. 5esterday morning we went toHarridge's. "t's a wonderful de!artment store. " ,ought a !air of shoes and im ,oughttwo shirts. 5esterday afternoon we went to the ritish Museum. There's an e>hi,ition ofold ,ooks there at the moment "n the e#ening we went to the 9ational Theatre and saw

3Mac,eth3. We had #ery good seats and en1oyed the !erformance. This morning we#isited some friends in Haling. We went there ,y underground it's a #ery fast ser#ice.At the moment we're ,ack at the hotel and we're so tired+5ours sincerely* Roger

//. Bescri,e the most memora,le holiday you'#e e#er had.///. Write a,out your !lans for the coming holiday.#$. Write a,out a holiday you s!ent at the seaside.

$. Bescri,e your sightseeing in a town of s!ecial historical interest.$#. Write a,out different ways of s!ending a holiday.UNIT0

GRAMMAR: PRESENT PERFECT C#NTINU#US PRESENT PERFECT (3)Illustrative Situations

/. Study these example situations:0. Br (antor is a heart surgeon. He is o!erating now. He ,egan at this morning and itis now ; o'clock.He has ,een o!erating for hours. He has ,een o!erating since o'clock.4. Where's ack- He is reading something in the li,rary. He's ,een reading the whole day.7=7. How long ha#e you ,een studying German-

Jor two years;. 6ince when ha#e you ,een !re!aring for your e>am* eter- 6ince une.


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7. Ha#e you finished reading your ,ook yet- "'#e ,een reading it for weeks* ,ut " ha#en't finished it yet. When are you going to finish it- )h* !ro,a,ly ne>t month.;. What's ill doing at the moment- He's reading a ,ook. How long has he ,een reading it- Jor fi#e hours.


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Tom's ,rother* eter* has ,een ,ack in Fngland for only half an hour. He is waiting to!hone Tom* ,ut the woman got to the !hone ,o> 1ust a few seconds ,efore he did. Thatwas ten minutes ago. 6he has ,een talking for ten minutes and eter has ,een waitingthat long too.

Questions: How long has eter ,een ,ack in Fngland- What is he doing at the moment-When did the woman get to the !hone ,o>- How long has eter ,een waiting-Practice

/. Say how long the action has (een going on:e.g. Ann is looking for a 1o,. 6he ,egan looking for a 1o, si> months ago. Ann has ,een

looking for a 1o, for = months.0. ane is writing letters. 6he ,egan writing letters an hour ago. 4. George smokes. Hestarted smoking fi#e years ago. 7. Helen studies Jrench. 6he ,egan studying Jrencheight months ago. ;. The ,oys are !laying foot,all. They started !laying foot,all twohours ago. am. 6he ,egan !re!aring for it two weeks ago.e.g. 8ucy ,egan ty!ing at C o'clock. 6he is still ty!ing. 8ucy has ,een ty!ing since Co'clock.0. Bick started reading that ,ook on Jriday. He's still reading it. 4. Helen ,egantranslating the te>t at 0D o'clock. 6he's still translating it. 7. They ,egan to discuss the

!lan at 04 o'clock. They are still discussing it. ;. Bick ,egan to watch T at =. He's stillwatching it. ters are at theseaside* $the whole month&

#$. Answer the questions using the words in (rac&ets:e.g. When did you last smoke- $for two years& " ha#en't smoked for two years.0. When did it last rain- $for ages& 4. When did they last #isit you- $since une& 7. Whendid you last !lay tennis- $for a long time&. ;. When did you last dri#e- $for si> months&


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$years&


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" ha#e not seen im since " was at school with him. 0. George talked to im onWednesday. 4. udy #isited im in 6cotland. 7. The Hunts had to meet im at the air!ort.;. 6heila studied Jrench with im. am. $etty& ;. Mike has ne#er ,eena,road. $ictor& < 6te#e hasn't got today's news!a!er. $6arn&=. Mary hasn't done the e>ercise. $o,& ?. 9ick hasn't ,rought his records. $Helen& .im hasn't ,ought a car yet. $6te#e&

e.g 6ue is a,sent." wonder how long she has ,een a,sent. 0. Eate is ill. 4. Bick is in (hina. 7. Bick knowsHelen. ;. ohnny is swimming. ,efore " ,egin the day's work.

udith: )h* ,ut think of me. "'#e ,een leading the ,ack of your morning news!a!er forten years now and "'d like someone to talk to+;. Mother: What on earth ha#e you ,een doing- 5ou are co#ered in ink. 5our clothes are ruined. 8ittle ,oy: We'#e ,een !laying (ow,oys ard "ndians.Mother: 5ou mean you'#e ,een throwing ink around. What'sink got to do with cow,oys- 8ittle ,oy: Well* "'#e ,een !laying with a water !istol and


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myammunition was ink.

//. Listen to the text. As& and answer questions on the text. Retell the text." ha#e 1ust recei#ed a letter from my ,rother Tim. He's in Australia. He has ,een therefor si> months. Tim is an engineer. He is working for a ,ig firm and he has already#isited a great num,er of different !laces in Australia. He has 1ust ,ought an Australiancar and has gone to Alice 6!rings* a small town in the centre of Australia. He will soon#isit Barwin. Jrom there he will fly to erth. My ,rother has ne#er ,een a,road ,efore*so he is finding this tri! #ery e>citing.

Self check/. 1ranslate into "nglish:0. LN[OV [OSNO [O _V^S\ ~O^QO^. ^_ Q_S _PO \ VOXSOPO POQ. 4.jNOSNO V_Z_^ [ _^[- {V POQ. 7. { NOPQ^UQ [S ^PS\N_ N^P OVP^S_- `_[. b ^PS\N N [OSNO OSPOQ. ;. xQ_ [ US' Q [_U \ [ \O.


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wants them this afternoon.Earen: How long ha#e you ,een ty!ing-;ihas 1ust come round the corner. erha!s she had ,etter take it.

Questions: What is ulia going to do- What is she doing now- How long- What is goingto ha!!en if the ,us does not come soon- What has 1ust ha!!ened- What had she ,etterdo-ractice

/. ,omplete the situations. %o it as in the example: e.g. Tom is reading a ,ook. Hestarted reading two hours ago and he is on !age


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Response: "'#e ,een looking for a 1o, for three weeks* ,ut " ha#en't found one yet.,& rompt: the ,us/C o'clockResponse: "'#e ,een waiting for the ,us since C o'clock* ,ut it hasn't come yet.0. my homework/half an hour 4. the train/twenty minutes 7. the concert/?.7D ;. the!ostman/ o'clock !ect& him to call for the !asttwo hours 7 5ou look #ery u!set. What $ha!!en&- ;. 5ou $not* finish& that ,ook yet- 5ou$read& it for more than a week.


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Questions: Where was atrick ,orn- How long did he li#e in "ndia and (anada- Where ishe now- How long has he ,een in 8ondon-4. Two !eo!le are waiting at the ,ussto!. "t is C 7D. They are waiting for the C.0D ,us.)ne !erson is #ery angry. 3This ,us is ne#er on time+3 he says.3"'#e ,een wating for it for twenty minutes now. 5esterday " waited half an hour for it+3Questions: What are the !eo!le doing- How late is the ,us- What does one of the!eo!le say- How long has the man ,een waiting for the ,us- How long did he wait for ityesterday-Practice

/. 5otice the change in orm as the situation changes:Situation: Mary got to the station at C. The train came at 0D. 6he waited for an hour.Situation: eter got to the station at C. "t is 04 now and the train hasn't come yet. Hehas ,een waiting for 7 hours.0. Mary got a 1o, in the ,ank < years ago. 6he left the 1o, last week. 4. Tom got a 1o, inthe ,ank 0D years ago. He's still there.7. " started teaching = years ago. As you can see "'m still a teacher.;. My grandfather ,ecame a teacher at 4D. He was still one when he died ;D years later.


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doesn't know a,out it yet. "t's a sur!rise. "'m #ery e>cited. 0 ha#en't seen 6arah'sfamily for fi#e years. My hus,and and " are from ristol ,ut we ha#en't li#ed there foreight years. Many of our friends still li#e in ristol. 9e>t month we're going there to #isitmy hus,and's family. We're staying at his ,rother's house. All my relati#es are going*too. 7. Mr Jenton: 6omeone's at the door* (arol. Mrs Jenton: "s e#erything ready-Mr Jenton: 5es* dear* e#erything's fine. Answer the door. Mrs Jenton: Hello+ "'m soha!!y to see you. (ome in+


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C. " $,uy& a new tie last week* ,ut " $not* wear& it yet. 0D. He already $see& that film.He $see& it when he $,e& in 8ondon. 00. When you $meet& Mr 6mith-3 3" $meet& him theday ,efore yesterday.3 04. 35ou e#er $s!eak& to him-3 35es. " $s!eak& to him ,efore the!arty.3 07. eter $li#e& in Greece for the last three years. He $li#e& in Africa ,efore he$go& to Greece. 0;. " 1ust $ha#e& my lunch. 0 $finish& eating fi#e minutes ago. 0t week. His friends from8ondon and )>ford $corne& to the !arty.The Williams family $li#e& in 8ondon ,efore they $come& to Har!ole. Mr Williams $not*like& li#ing in 8ondon.While he $#isit& some friends in 6outham!ton last year* he $meet& a com!any directorwho $offer& him a 1o,. Mrs Williams $want& to stay in 8ondon* ,ut when they $arri#e& inthe #illage* the sun $shine& and she $,egin& to en1oy her country surroundings. 47. ack$look& at his watch for the twentieth time. 6uddenly ill $arri#e&. 3" $wait& for o#er anhour3* he $say& angrily. 35ou ne#er come on time.3 3)h* is that so-3 ill answered. 35ou$,e& here at 4.7D-3 ack $go& red. 3Well3* he $say&* 3" $get& here fi#e minutes late

myself* ,ut you $not* ,e& here.3 3" $come& here at e>actly 4.7D3* ill said* 3and $wait& forfi#e minutes* ,ut you $not* come&.3 3What you $do& since then-3 ack $ask&. 3" 1ust $,e&to the hairdresser's3* ill answered ,rightly.

//. 1ranslate into "nglish:0. L\ Q_[ Z\[_V jZ[. ]^ QOSPO Q_[- ]NOSO QQ[ Z^[. |\[ OQ_[.4. xQ_ \Z- YO O[V[ Y \_POQ^. j_NV_[V [OSNO [O Y V^_\S. ]^ _[S _S Q_^.7. OP OPOOV[ \ Z\[_VOZ LOVOÔZ- Ob\* [O ^_[. ]^ [OSNO [O X_S.;. \YOQZ NÔ. ^_ US NÔ _ _Sb_Ô\[. OVOX Q_. `NOS POOV[* [O O^ Q_S ^[_V_\^ Q_[_N[ NÔ[_[V_ }O\N. O_X O\ZO[V_[ _PO- * O_^ SbUSb Q_[_N[.


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INEFINITE PR#N#UNS (RE$IE7)a& How to greet an ac2uaintance:e& How to take your lea#e:

Hello* Mr 6outh How are you-

Goodmorning*

Mrs 6mith. How are youfeeling-

Goodafternoon*

Alan. How are yougetting on-

Good

e#ening*

at How are things'

$informal&,& How to re!ly to a greeting:)h* hello* Mr Jord.ery well. Thanks. And you-JineAll right.retty good9ot too ,ad.6o so.9ot too good* "'m afraid

ery much the samec& How to res!ond to ,ad news:A: How's your ,rother< . 9ot too good* "'m afraid A "'m sorry to hear that. )h* that'sawful )h* that's terri,led& How to res!ond to good news:A ill has won the race+. "'m glad $!leased& to hear that)h* that's great)h* that's goodHow e>citing+

Really+Well* " must ,e off" must ,e goingGood,ye $formal and informal&ye/ye,ye $informal&6ee you later/soon/tomorrow* etcf& How to send someone your regards:Gi#e my regards to your wife. Remem,er me to your familyConversation I6ally: Morning* rian.

rian: Morning* 6ally. How are you feeling today-6ally: Jine* thanks* rian. And you-rian: )h* !retty good* thanks. 6hocking weather* isn't it-6ally: 5es* terri,le.rian: How's eter now- Has he got o#er the flue yet-6ally: )h* he is much ,etter* thanks. The doctor says he'll ,e allright in a cou!le of days. rian: )h* "'m !leased to hear that. 6ally: 5es* it is goodnews.rian: Talking of news ha#e you heard a,out (laire- 6ally: 9o* what's ha!!ened-rian: Well* " ha#en't seen her since the end of the term so "'mnot sure if it's true* ,ut a!!arently* she's failed herfinals.6ally: )h* no. oor (laire06he must ,e so u!set+rian: Ah* here's my sto!. y the way* are you going to 6imon's!arty on 6aturday- 6ally: 5es* " e>!ect so. rian: Good. "'ll !ro,a,ly see you therethen. Well* ,ye,ye andgi#e my regards to eter. 6ally: 5es* " will. ye.


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im!ro#e. Mr 6mith: 5es* let's ho!e for the ,est. And how's your ne!hewRichard getting on- Mr White: )h* he's getting on 2uite well* thank you. He'sstaying in the country 1ust now with his ncle Williamand his cousins.Mr 6mith: How long is he going to stay there- Mr White: " don't know e>actly* ,ut he'sha#ing i. #ery !leasanttime and it's doing him a lot of good* sO the longer hestays* the ,etter.

/. Listen to the conversation and answer the ?uestions.

How is Mr White- How are things with Mr 6mith- How is Richard getting on- Who did hego to the country with- "s he ha#ing a good time there-

//. *ind in the text appropriate "nglish phrases or the ollowing:N O_[_- j\UO* YOVOXO. |OS\* V\[_\. N OU\[O[ Q_S \- Ob\* [O ^_ \SXNOZ YOVOXO Q[ O[ SOYOPO N YQX_Z. `Q_b\* [OQ_S OV[\. [_ ^Q_[\ ^ SX__. N_ ^OO\[' N O_[ XS_Z^^N VQ- p_Z UOSX_ O^ [Z VOUQ_[* [_Z SX_.ter+ How are you getting on- ;. Good e#ening* Jred+ How are things-


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4. Morning* Jrank. "t's nice to see you. Hello* im. How are things- retty good* thank you. Any news from home- 9o news. "'m 2uite u!set. (heer u!+ F#erything will ,e ]. 7. Good morning* Mr Jord. Good morning* Mr Bo,son. How do you like the weather today- A,solutely wonderful* nice and warm. What's the weather forecast fortomorrow- Bo you know-

5es* it says it will ,e ,right and sunny. How nice+ Good,ye. ye,ye.;. Hello* ohn. We ha#en't seen you for ages. Whereha#e you ,een- Home- "'#e ,een #isiting relati#es. Wherea,outs- " went to 6tirling to see an uncle of mine


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e>!ensi#e. 9one of them+ce!t us* conductor.0 st Tram!: "'#e got some small change.4 nd Tram!: 6o ha#e ".

=. 6te#e: Where's the 8atin America's file- "'#e lookedfor it e#erywhere* ,ut " can't find it anywhere. "'#e asked e#ery,ody* and no,odyknows. 8ast week " !ut it somewhere in my cu!,oard* and now it's nowhere+ " needsome information for my re!ort. Mr 6hort wants it tomorrow* and " ha#en't much!rogress.ar,ara: "f " see anyone with it* "'ll tell you. Bon't worry. 6ome,ody has taken it andwill ,ring it ,ack.Harry: "'#e got some good news for you* 6te#e. The file is on Mr 6hort's desk+ Mr 6hortis waiting for you. Here's a ,it of ad#ice* go and see him immediately.6te#e: )h* dear+ And you call that good news-

?. Helen: "sn't there anyone at home-im "'ll knock again* Helen. F#erything is #ery 2uiet."'m sure there's no one at home. Helen: ut that's im!ossi,le. at and Tomin#ited us tolunch. 8ook through the window. Helen: (an you see anything- im: ook+F#eryone's in the garden. at: Hullo* Helen. Hullo* im. Tom: F#ery,ody wantsto ha#e lunch in the garden."t's nice and warm out here. at: (ome and ha#e something to drink im:Thanks* at. May " ha#e a glass of ,eer* !lease- at' eer- There'snone left. 5ou can ha#e somelemonade. im: 8emonade+=t* re!air the radioset* gi#e one's records* see me home&


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!art in the !icnicI ;. what he would like for dessertI ce!tion of,reakfast. " e>!ect you'#e heard all a,out the?CFnglish ,reakfast with its !orridge or cereal* ,acon and eggs* toast* marmalade and tea


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or coffee. ery few !eo!le like chocolate or cocoa for ,reakfast. "n the afternoon a,outfour o'clock or half !ast nearly e#ery,ody has tea. The two main meals of the day* lunchand dinner* are more or less alike. Most !eo!le ha#e lunch a,out one o'clock and dinnerat half !ast se#en or later.

Questions: What is the Fnglish ,reakfast like- What are the two main meals of the day-When do the Fnglish ha#e lunch $dinner&-At the Continental Restaurant5esterday was 6herman and Borothy ohnson's twentythird anni#ersary. They went tothe (ontinental Restaurant for dinner. This restaurant is a #ery s!ecial !lace for

6herman and Borothy ,ecause they went there on their first date twentyfour years ago.6herman and Borothy sat at a 2uiet* romantic ta,le in the corner. They had two glassesof wine and then they ordered dinner. Jirst Borothy ordered a ,owl of #egeta,le sou!*and 6herman ordered a glass of tomato 1uice.Jor the main course Borothy ordered ,aked chicken with rice and 6herman ordered fishwith !otatoes.Jor dessert Borothy ordered a !iece of a!!le !ie and 6herman ordered a ,owl ofstraw,erries.6herman and Borothy en1oyed their dinner #ery much. The sou! was delicious and thetomato 1uice was fresh. The chicken was wonderful and the rice was tasty. The fish was

fantastic and the !otatoes were e>cellent. The a!!le !ie was magnificent and thestraw,erries were out of this world+6herman and Borothy had a wonderful e#ening at the (ontinental Restaurant. "t was a#ery s!ecial anni#ersary.Questions: Where did 6herman and Borothy cele,rate their wedding anni#ersary- Whatdishes did they order at the restaurant- How did they find the cooking-

inner for T/oMa> Ro,erts is a ,achelor. He li#es in a small flat in 8ondon. Ma> not only en1oys eatingfood* he en1oys !re!aring it as well. His fa#ourite ho,,y is cooking. He has had so much!ractice that he has ,ecome an e>!ert cook.

His sister* Anne* called on him last 6unday e#ening. "t was nearly dinner time and Ma>was in the kitchen. He was wearing an a!ron and !re!aring a meal.35ou will stay to dinner* of course3* Ma> said. 3"'m star#ing+3 Ann said. 3"s there enoughfood for ,oth of us-3 3" ho!e so*3 Ma>Danswered. Anne lifted the lid of the sauce!an. 3Mm3* she said. 3"t smells delicious. Whatis it-3 3"t's a Me>ican dish3* Ma> answered. 3ut this dish ought to ,e good. "'#e ,een!re!aring it for < hours3. 3There's enough food here for ten !eo!le+ 3Anne said as shelooked into the sauce!an. 3Are you e>!ecting com!any-3 39o3* Ma> re!lied. 3" was goingto eat it all myself3.Questions: Where does Ma> li#e- What is Ma>'s fa#ourite ho,,y- When did his sister callon him- Where was Ma> at the time- What was Ma> doing when his sister called- Whatsort of dish was Ma> !re!aring- Why did his sister ask him if he was e>!ectingcom!any-

An Un/elco*e $isitorThe door ,ell rang. Mrs (arson o!ened the front door. Her heart sank when she saw Mrsar,idge. Whene#er Mrs ar,idge called she stayed for hours and hours.3Good afternoon* Mrs (arson3* Mrs ar,idge said. 3" was 1ust !assing and thought "'ddro! in to say hullo3.3How #ery thoughtful of you3* Mrs (arson re!lied. 3Bo come in.3ust as Mrs (arson had feared Mrs ar,idge stayed for se#eral hours. "t was nearly si>

o'clock and Mr (arson would ,e home from work soon. He couldn't stand Mrs ar,idge.Mrs (arson ke!t wondering how she could !ersuade Mrs ar,idge to lea#e withoutoffending her.3Has your hus,and got home from work yet-3 Mrs (arson asked. 3)h* yes*3 Mrsar,idge answered. 3He always gets home a,out < o'clock3. 3"t's nearly = o'clock. Won'the ,e getting worried a,out you-3 Mrs (arson said.


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3" thought of that*3 Mrs ar,idge said. 3ut it's so !leasant here. We'#e had such alo#ely afternoon. 5ou know what "'ll do- "'ll ring u! my hus,and and tell him to comeround too. May " use your !hone* !lease-3Questions: Why was Mrs (arson disa!!ointed when Mrsar,idge called- When does Mr (arson come from work- Howdoes Mr (arson feel a,out Mrs ar,idge- How did Mrs (arsontry to get Mrs ar,idge to lea#e- Why did Mrs ar,idge decidei to tele!hone her hus,and-Rea-in.

0. 5ou'll find restaurants for e#ery situation in the 6. "f you are in a hurry* you may1ust want to gra, some 31unk food3 at a grocery store or a candy counter* or you can geta ,ite to eat at0one of the many fast food chains* like McBonald's* urger Eing* Eentucky Jried (hicken*or Taco Time. )r you can get a hero or su,marine sandwich 3to stay3 or 3to go3 from asandwich sho! or deli. 6ome of these !laces ha#e ta,les* ,ut many don't. eo!le eat intheir cars or take their food home* to their offices or to !arks. "f you !refer sitting down,ut still don't want to s!end much* you can try a cafeteria. At all of these !laces* you!ay at a cash register ,efore you sit down* and you don't ha#e to ti! any,ody ,ut you

usually ha#e to clear the ta,le when you finish+8lossarycandy D.: #ery sweet sugary food

deli D.: short for delicatessen* a sho! where you can ,uy salads and cooked meats andha#e sandwiches made)un& ood D.: snack foods that are not good for you4. "'m a terri,le cook. "'#e tried hard ,ut it's no use. "'#e got lots of cookery ,ooks* "choose a dish " want to cook* " read the reci!e* " !re!are all the necessary ingredientsand follow the instructions. ut the result is terri,le* and " 1ust ha#e a sandwich orsome other 2uick snack. 6o " often eat out. " don't like grand restaurants. "t's not the

e>!ense* it's 1ust that " don't feel at ease in them. Jirst the waiter gi#es me a menuwhich " can't understand ,ecause it's com!licated and has lots of foreign words. At theend of the meal when " !ay the ,ill " ne#er know how much to lea#e as a ti!. " !referfast food !laces* like ham,urger sho!s where you !ay at once and sit down and eatstraightaway. And " like takeaway !laces* where you ,uy a meal in a s!ecial containerand take it home.7. Maureen often gi#es dinner !arties at home. 6he lo#es entertaining. 6he laysthe ta,le: !uts the cutlery in the right !laces* sets out the !lates and !uts a clean whitena!kin at each !lace. Jor the meal itself* she usually gi#es her guests some kind ofstarter first* for e>am!le sou! or melon. 9e>t comes the main course which is usuallymeat $unless some of her guests are #egetarians or they're on a s!ecial diet& with asidedish of salad. Jor dessert it's usually fruit or icecream and then coffee. Whene#eryone has gone home* she must think a,out doing the washing u!* as in the kitchenthe sink is full of dirty cutlery.

Self check/. *ill in the gaps with prepositions:Mike and eter ha#e come ... the canteen to ha#e dinner. "t is only half... one ,ut thereare a lot of !eo!le ... the canteen already.4The ,oys go ... a small round ta,le .. a window* take a menucard ... the ne>t ta,le and,egin to read it. There is a great choice ... dishes ... the menu. Mike wants to ha#e

ca,,age sou! ... the first course. eter !refers milk sou!. ... the second course the ,oyswill ha#e fish ... !otatoes. oth ... them are fond ... icecream* so they are going toha#e it... dessert.Mike has taken a news!a!er... his ,ag. He likes to read something ... dinner.

//. *ill in the gaps with articles where necessary:0 " don't like ... mineral water* " !refer ... cu! of ... tea. 4. "s there anything to your


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taste on ... menu- 7. 6he is going to cook ... fish sou! for ... dinner ;. What can yourecommend for first course-


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you s!ent at a restaurant.

$. 3rite a(out the party you en)oyed.;UNIT :()MM9"(AT")9: S#"IARIT&GRAMMAR: 8UESTI#N TASIllustrative Situations

/. Listen to the dialogues and learn them:0. ill is #ery athletic. He can swim #ery well.

6o can ack. 5es* they are ,oth #ery good at s!orts.4. " am going to the !ictures. 6o am ". " ho!e the film will ,e good. 6o do ".7. Where is Eate- 6he's got to stay at home and look after the children. 6o has ill* as a matter of fact Then we can't !lay ,ridge* can we-

;. im !layed cards yesterday. 6o did aul. Bidn't they get into trou,le- 5es* " e>!ect so.t month. : 6o am ".A: " need a change.: )h* so do 0. "'m tired of the same office and the same !eo!le


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e#ery day+A: Where are you going- : 6!ain.A: )h* " went there last year. : 6o did ". We always go to 6!ain .. ,ut we ne#er go tothe(osta ra#a.A: 9o* neither do ". There are too many Fnglish !eo!le there. : Where e>actly are yougoing-A: 6an edro. . it's a little #illage on the north coast. : 5ou're 1oking+A: 9o* "'m not. "'#e ,een there three times. : 6o ha#e we... and we're going there this

year* too. A: ... not to the Hotel del 6ol- : 5es ... why-A: Well* "'ll see you. "'m staying there* too+ 0;. ascale: " like tea with milk and sugar8uisa: 6o do "* ,ut " don't like the coffee here* and neither does Maria. "t's too weak.(an you cook Fnglish food-ascale: 9o* not #ery well.8uisa: 9either can " ut we had a good meal last night at 6tone's (ho! House. They callit 3The home of traditional Fnglish food.3ascale: 5es* in 8eicester 62uare. ut isn't eating out in 8ondon e>!ensi#e+ "'#es!ent so much money on food. 8uisa: 6o ha#e "* and "'#e also !ut on weight.Practice

/. "xpress solidarity. e.g. A: Tom is going ,y ta>i. $ill& : And so is ill.=A: 6he works in a laundry* $he&: And so does he.0. They had cornflakes for ,reakfast. $"& 4. George has lunch in the canteen. $Gerald& 7.ohn has a car. $Alan& ;. Ann got a !arking ticket. $Alice& mistakes* $you& 07. They're looking for a flat*$we& 0;. They missed the !rogramme* $we& 0


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?ascale: ... the rest of us. F#ery,ody !assed. ut " still don'tlike tests. And ... Monika. 6he gets so ner#ous+ Ann: "'m looking forward to a rest o#erthe weekend. ascale: 5es*... ". There are so many interesting things to do here." ha#en't seen any of the markets yet* for instance. Ann: 9o* ... ". "'d like to goto orto,ello Road. 8uisa's ,eenthere. ascale: ... Monika. 6he lo#ed it. "t was crowded and noisyand full of atmos!here. The things they sell there are #eryinteresting. Ann: And ... the !eo!le who sell them* " e>!ect. 8et's go there

ne>t 6aturday.//. 1ranslate into "nglish:0. `NOS YOVOXO POOV[ O^PS\N. PO _^ [O_. 4. __ ^_ Q_S q[O[zSZ. [O_. 7. \OUV_Z\ ^ qN\NV\b YOQ^_ Q^. [O_. ;.^ ^_ VXS ^ NO^_V[ _V. _ UV[ [O_.


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want to goout after the tour* do you- Hans: Well* "'d like to go to a concert* ,ut "'ll !ro,a,ly ,e tootired.Practice

/. /a&e question tags:e.g. A: "'m not late.: "'m not late* am "- '0. 5ou won' t tell eter. 4. 5ou needn't start at once. 7. His !arents weren't angry. ;.Ann ne#er reads re#iews. !ect me to wait

all night. ?. This ,us ser#ice isn't #ery relia,le. . 5ou ha#en't read this ,ook. C. 5oucan't !lay !oker. 0D. 6he didn't ty!e the article yesterday. 00. Ann doesn't likedetecti#es. 04. 5ou don't ha#e to work hard. 07. ack wasn't at the !arty. 0;. Hecouldn't get the tickets. 0t month. 7. ill will ,e disa!!ointed ;. He was ho!ing tomarry her himself.


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(' " see. 9ow you left your flat at ono o'clock* . .-6: 5es* a,out one o'clock.(: 5ou were in your aguar* .. -6: 5es* " was.(: 5ou didn't sto! for !etrol* ...-6: 9o.(: 5ou had lunch in an "ndian restaurant* .. -6: )h* no we didn't. We had lunch in a !u,.(: 5ou don't remem,er the name of the !u,* ...-

6: 9o* "'m afraid 0 don't.(: 5ou had chicken and chi!s* ...-6: 9o* no* no. We had ,eer and sandwiches outside.(: 5ou arri#ed in time for the first race* and stayed until thelast race* ...- 6: 5es+(: 5ou were #ery lucky* ...- 6: 5es* " was. (: 5ou won f ams and " in#ited her to theconcert.;. The other day 0 met my schoolmate. He said he had s!ent a month at the seaside


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and en1oyed his holidays there. years ago. How long had he ,een a teacher at that time- Jor a,out two years.=. " hear you had a tele!hone call from Fdward yesterday.

C7 5es* " did. He !honed to tell me he had got married. What else did he say- He said he was going to Jlorida.Practice

/. ,omplete these sentences using the ver(s in (rac&ets: 5ou went ,ack to your home


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town alter many years and found that many things were different.0. My friend Henry was no longer there. He $go& away.4. The local cinema was no longer o!en. "t $close& down.7. Mr ohnson was no longer ali#e. He $die&;. " didn't recognise Mrs ohnson 6he $change& a lot.


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e.g. Tom was watching tele#ision. He was feeling #ery tired* $he/study/hard/all day&He had ,een studying hard all day.0. When " entered the room* it was em!ty. ut there was a smell of cigarettes.6ome,ody $smoke&. 4. When Mary came ,ack from the ,each* she looked #ery red fromthe sun. $she/lie inCtdoor* made him sit down* and ,egan asking him 2uestions.3What's your name-33Where do you li#e-33What's in that case-33What are you doing here-33" li#e here3* said Her,ert. 3"'#e ,een on holiday3. ut no,ody listened to him. They 1ustwent on asking 2uestions. Then suddenly one of the !olicemen said: 3Watch him Jrank we'll go and search the house3. They left one tall* #ery young !oliceman* to guard

him.CC3(an " !ut my shirt on-3 asked Her,eit39o3* said the !oliceman* 3stay where you are3.Then the others came ,ack with an older man* a sergeant. He asked the same2uestions* ,ut he listened to Her,ert's answers.3" li#e here3* said Her,ert* 3and " want to !ut my shirt on3. The sergeant looked at himthoughtfully. 3We'll soon settle this3* he said.He went out and came ,ack with a small* sandyhaired man wearing a sha,,y* ,rowndressinggown. "t was Her,ert's ne>tdoor neigh,our. He looked at Her,ert intently

through thick s!ectacles.3)h yes* 6ergeant3* he said* 3That is Mr Marshall3. Then he disa!!eared #ery 2uickly.The !olicemen all looked dreadfully disa!!ointed. They were con#inced that they hadcaught a ,urglar.3Bid he ring you u!-3 asked Her,ert. The !olice sergeant nodded. 3He saw a light andunderstood your family had all gone away to the seaside.3When they'd all gone* Her,ert made himself a cu! of tea.7hats U+DBo you like stories- " want to tell you a true story. "t ha!!ened to a friend of mine ayear ago.While my friend* George* was reading in ,ed* two thie#es clim,ed into his kitchen. Afterthey had entered the house* they went into the diningroom. "t was #ery dark* so theyturned on a torch. 6uddenly they heard a #oice ,ehind them. 3What's u!- What's u!-3someone called. The thie#es dro!!ed the torch and ran away as 2uickly as they could.George heard the noise and came downstairs 2uickly. He turned on the light* ,ut hecouldn't see anyone. The thie#_s had already gone. ut George's !arrot* Henry* was stillthere. 3What's u!* George-3 he called. 39othing* Henry*3 George said and smiled. 3Go,ack to slee!.3Self check~ !se the proper tense orms:0. Be,orah woke u! with a terri,le headache ,ecause she and Arthur $hold& a !arty the

night ,efore. 4 When eter $go& along the street he $see& a friend of his whom he $not*meet& for a long time. 7. " $not* fall aslee!& yet when " $hear& the sound of the ,ell. ;. "$s!eak& to the woman ,ecause " $think& " $meet& her somewhere ,efore.


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as they $go&* 0 $go& straight to ,ed. ?. When " $get& ,ack to the sho!* they $sell& the,ook " wanted. . He $,e& tired ,ecause he $work& in the garden all day. C. Jirst she$o!en& the !arcel* and then she $read& the letter. 0D. They $sit& there for more than anhour when the ta>i finally $arri#e&. 00. They $lea#e& the room as soon as he $finish&s!eaking. 04. He 2uickly $forget& all he $learn& at school. 07. When we $come& toHar!ole* the 6miths already $li#e& there for ten years. 0;. He $tell& me that he $fish& inthe ri#er e#ery weekend for the last two years ,ut he ne#er $catch& anything. 0t month he will ha#e ,een

working there for ;D years.


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ha#e already started.0. im goes to ,ed at "" o'clock. Tom is going to #isit him at 00.7D this e#ening. WhenTom arri#es* im $go& to ,ed. 4. Bick is on holiday. He has #ery little money and he iss!ending too much too 2uickly. efore the end of his holiday he $s!end& all his money.7. Mike came to ritain from the 6 nearly three years ago. 9e>t Monday it will ,ee>actly three years since he arri#ed. 9e>t Monday he $,e& in ritain e>actly three years.;. " know anet 6mith. y the end of the month " $know& her a whole year. t year he $,egin& school.


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when he is tired of work* he goes out with his friend o, 6andford. They usually go tothe theatre or the cinema* ,ut they sometimes go to a dance in isho!ton. They do notoften go to a theatre or cinema in 8ondon as the cost of the 1ourney and the higher !riceof seats in 8ondon make this too e>!ensi#e. "t is much chea!er in isho!ton."n Fngland the cinema is usually called 3the !ictures3. The American name* 3themo#ies3* is sometimes used. The first !erformance* or 3showing3 as it is called* ,eginsa,out two o'clock in the afternoon* and the show goes on from then until a,out half !astten. The cinema is not em!tied ,etween the 3showings3* so that once you ha#e !aid foryour seat you can stay in the cinema as long as you like. There are usually one main

film* a shorter one* a news film* some ad#ertisements and a 3trailer3 telling a,out thefilm for the ne>t week.(inemas in Fngland are usually larger and more comforta,le than the theatres. There isoften a restaurant* so that it is !ossi,le to s!end a !leasant afternoon and e#eningthere. ehind the cinema screen there is a stage* so that the ,uilding can ,e used forconcerts and other !erformances.Ba#id and o, en1oy historical films* films a,out countries #ery different from their own*crime stories and films that make them laugh. They also like to see foreign films* ,ut itis not often !ossi,le to see these in isho!ton. When they were younger they en1oyed3cow,oy3 films* ,ut now they are older they are not so easily satisfied. They do not

en1oy these films so much ,ecause they find they are all #ery much alike. This weekthey saw a film of one of 6hakes!eare's !lays. 6ome famous actors and actresses werein this film. Ba#id had seen the !lay with the same actors and actresses at the Royal6hakes!eare Theatre in 6tradford0D;onA#on the !re#ious summer* so it was interesting to see how the !erformance in thefilm was different from the !erformance on the stage.The film was #ery fine and e>citing* ,ut Ba#id th=ught it had lost something. There wereso many !eo!le and !laces that you forgot the main characters and the really im!ortantthings that were ha!!ening. Telling his father a,out the film when he got home* Ba#id

said he thought he would remem,er the theatre !erformance he had seen at 6tradfordlong after he had forgotten the film he had seen that e#ening.

Co*+rehension/. Listen to the text and answer the questions:Boes Ba#id study at school or at ni#ersity- What does he like to do in his s!are time-What is the Fnglish cinema like- What kind of films do Ba#id and o, en1oy- What filmdid they see this week- What did Ba#id think of the film-

// Read the text and analyse the language peculiarities o the text. %o some exercises inthe next section to remem(er them.S+ecial ifficulties

/. Study these example situations:a& Mrs Ma#is saw a film yesterday. "n the final scene a ,eautiful girl died in ahandsome man's arms. Mrs Ma#is cried.The film made her cry.,& 5oung Ba#id did not want to do his homework yesterday. His mother told him hemust do it ,efore he went out to !lay.His mother made him do his homework.c& Two months ago when eter flew ,ack from (anada* there was a #ery!retty girl on the same !lane. When eter went through (ustoms they made him o!enhis case. They made him take e#erything out. They did not make the girl do thesethings. They let her go through without any trou,le.

//. /a&e up dialogues using the prompts:e.g. A: He told Ann* " ho!e.: 5es* " made him tell her.He ... " ho!e.0. a!ologi@ed 4. !aid the ,ill 7. wrote to the 6miths ;. cleaned the ,ath


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letter 0D. cleaned his shoes 00. insured his house 04. did his e>ercises 07. !ut on hisglo#es.0D: All right. And what a,out going to the !u, then-o,: Well* "'d rather go dancing* if you don't mind.Ale>: That's ). E. ,y rne. And why not go to a restaurant afterwards-o,: 5es* that's a mar#ellous idea.

/. Listen to the conversation and answer the questions:What are the ,oys talking a,out- Why doesn't Ale> want to go to the cinema- Boes o,feel like going out for a meal- Where do they agree to go-

//. Listen to the conversation again and reproduce the conversational ormulas used toma&e suggestions and replies to suggestions.###. Respond to the ollowing suggestions using the phrases rom the conversation:0. What shall we do tonight- 4. And why not go to a restaurant afterwards- 7. And whata,out going to the !u, then- ;. How a,out going out for a meal-


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zSZ- N_ÛQ V_QSO_^- {* QOSÔ U[* \[S O[ VOPSON. [ON_[\ YOVOX_ Q__. NOPO VOQ [Z OQb[- ZOPS U O[ NQÛQ __. |O VQ_ POOV.#$. As& questions on the conversation.$. Role-play the conversation.$#. Act out the ollowing situations:0. 5our friend and you are !lanning how to s!end the e#ening.4. An interesting film is on at your local cinema. 5ou suggest to your friend seeing it.5our friend asks you some 2uestions a,out the film and makes u! his $her& mind to see

it. 5ou arrange a,out the tickets and agree to meet outside the cinema at = o'clock."ikes4 islikes an- Preferencesa& How to e>!ress likes:" $2uite&"'m $#ery&likeen1oylo#efond of keen onfoot,all.

music* 1ogging.,& How to agree or disagree with a !erson's likes:Agreeing: Bisagreeing:6o do ". 6o am "." don't "'m not.c& How to e>!ress dislikes:

don't likedislike

" hate loud music.can't stand !eo!le who smoke.

can't ,eard& How to agree or disagree with a !erson's dislikes:

9either do ".

Agreeing: 6o do ".9either can "." do.

Bisagreeing: " don't." can.

e& How to e>!ress !references:004

Conversation 6usan: Guess what- They're showing 3(hina 6eas3 with (larkGa,le on T tonight. 8ucy: Are they really- )h* " must watch that. "f there's one actor" lo#e watching it's (lark Ga,le. 6usan: 5es* so do "* es!ecially when he's !layingo!!osite eanHarlow.8ucy: ean Harlow- )h* " can't stand her+ 6usan: (an't you- ut why not-8ucy: " don't know. " 1ust don't like the way she acts* that's all. 6usan: ut she was a#ery good actress+ 8ucy: 5ou must ,e 1oking+ 6usan: 9o* "'m not. " really like the wayshe acts. Anyway* "'d

007much rather watch 3(hina 6eas3 than the o!era on L. L. j4 38a Tra#iata3. 8ucy: 5ou are not serious* are you- 5ou really mean to say thatyou'd !refer to watch 3(hina 6eas3- 6usan: 5es* any day. 8ucy: Well ... if that's thesort of film you en1oy watching* thenall " can say is that " don't think #ery much of your taste+" shall watch the o!era+


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/. Listen to the conversation and answer the questions: What are they showing on Ttonight- What do the girls think of(lark Ga,le- Bo they ,oth think much of ean Harlow's acting-What !rogrammes are the girls going to watch tonight-

//. Listen to the conversation again. #mitate the phrases expressing li&es2 disli&es andpreerences.###. *ind in the text appropriate "nglish phrases or the ollowing: ^_ Q_\[[_S^O^V[\* NN O^ PV_[. ^_\ONOPOZ^_^ O [O_Z N\_. {* ^_V^O* X[X. ^_ ZOP __ [_V_[. \S [NOPO VOQ

zSZ [_U_ ^V[\... ^_ VO\[O ^_ ^V[\* NN O^ PV_[. U V_QOSO\ZO[V_[ zSZ.#$. Role-play the conversation.$. "xpress your agreement or disagreement with your riend's li&es.0. " like detecti#es. 4 " en1oyed the o!era. 7. "'m keen on 1a@@. ;. "'m fond of folk songs.


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(on#ersation citing. 5ou are thefirst !erson "'#e met who hasn't en1oyed the film. ack: Tastes differ* you know.

/. Listen to the conversation and answer the questions:What are the ,oys talking a,out- What does eter think of the film 36tar Wars3- What isack's o!inion-

//. Listen to the conversation again #mitate the phrases expressing opinions2 agreementand disagreement.

###. *ind in the text appropriate "nglish phrases or the ollowing: OSPb* O N\Y ^_ \OV[. ^_ \OPS\_^. OSPb* O^ O_^ \N^. \NS $Z^_ USO \NÔ&. |O ZO_Z Z^_^b... p[O [ QZ_X OU q[OZ zSZ_- US ^_ZÔPO VOVO^. [O OQ^ SXY zSZO* NO[OV_ NOPQSUOQ_S. |O[OZ [O OQS UOSX_PO. SZ Q_\[[_SÔ Y[b.#$. Role-play the conversation.e.g$ "xpress agreement: He isn't here $hasn't come* won't do it* etc.&. 9o* he isn't $hasn't* won't&. e.g. He is here $has come* etc.&. 5es* he is $has*etc.&.

0. The film is !retty ,oring. 4. Bick doesn't like ,allet. 7. Eate is fond of musicals. ;.etsy doesn't like detecti#es. citing. .5ou didn't ,ook the tickets* did you- C. He is fond of detecti#es* isn't he- . Marydoesn't like o!era* does she- 00. 8ucy doesn't en1oy science fiction films* does she- 04.The !lay was a success.$##. Agree or disagree with an opinion using one o the ollowing conversationalormulas: " $2uite& agree with #ou 5ou are right. " think so. " don't $2uite& agree withyou. 0 disagree. " don't think so. That's not my o!inion. That's your o!inion* not mine.0. American films are awful. 4. Women are less intelligent than men. 7. Fnglish is a #erydifficult language to learn. ;. The ta>es are too high.


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o!inion it's a little ,oring C " as a ,it disa!!ointed.

#+. 5our friend and you are discussing the film you'#e 1ust seen. 5ou liked e#erythinga,out the film and you en1oyed the acting. 5our friend has a different o!inion of the film.(on#ersation =Mr Alden: 6hall we see a film this e#ening-Miss rown: That would ,e delightful. 0 ha#en't seen a film inmany weeks. Mr Alden: There are se#eral cinemas in my neigh,ourhoodwhich show the latest !ictures. Miss rown: 8et's consult the news!a!er to see whatfilms they

are showing in town.00?Mr AldenI. . That's a s!lendid idea.0 ,elie#e 6hakes!eare's 3Midsummer 9ight's Bream3is on at one of the cinemas tonight. "'#e heard it is one of the ,est !ictures of the year.Miss rown: My sister and " ha#e already seen it. We en1oyed it #ery much.Mr Alden: The (asino may ha#e a good !rogramme. They are showing two main!ictures* a Jrench film and an American. " ho!e you ha#en't seen them.Miss rown: " ha#en't seen either of them.Mr Alden: Bo you think we shall ,e a,le to o,tain seats- 6hall we ,uy ,alcony seats ifwe can get them-

Miss rown: lease* don't. " do not en1oy seeing a film from the ,alcony. "t is too farfrom the screen. "t strains my eyes to see a !icture from such a distance.Mr Alden: The !icture starts in fifteen minutes. The foyer has many comforta,le seats.We can wait there and en1oy a cigarette in the meantime. There will ,e many #acantseats after the !icture ends.$After the film&Miss rown: " certainly en1oyed ,oth !ictures. "n the Jrench film the actors s!okeFnglish with a slight Jrench accent. The Jrench #illages shown were #ery !ictures2ue.The acting was faultless* ,ut " think the !lot was a little weak.Mr Alden: " am so glad that you en1oyed ,oth !ictures. " think the American !lot was

#ery cle#er. The diction* too* was e>cellent. Miss rown: 0 always like the newsreel. "t,rings world e#entsin #i#id form and lea#es a lasting memory. Mr Alden: " had a #ery lo#ely e#ening. 0ho!e to ha#e the !leasure of hearing an o!era with you in the near future. Miss rown:Thank you for a !leasant e#ening. Good night*Mr Alden.

/. Listen to the conversation and answer the questions: What are Mr Alden and Missrown talking a,out7What film is on in one of the cinemas in town- Miss rown hasn'tseen it yet* has she What is the (asino showing- Boes Miss rown like seats in the,alcony- How did Miss rown find the !rogramme at the (asino- What did Mr Aldenthink of the American !lot- Where is Mr Alden going to in#ite Miss rown in the nearfuture-

//. 8ive a (rie account o the conversation.00

///. *ind in the text apprdpriate "nglish phrases or the ollowing:Z_[_* Z \ZO_Z QO\[[ US_[- |O\ZO[VZ zSZ \_POQ^ __VOZ- ^_SbUSb \ZO[V_[ zSZ \ USNO^. SZ ^^_[\ _V_ [^Q[ Z^[. [OUSO U O\Y[[_SÔ OSPb* }jO^ S_[^bb Ô _N\V Q_[ OQÔZ NÔ[_[VO \_POQ^ __VOZ ^_* NO^_Ô* O^VS\ OU zSZ. Q_[ ZÔPO\OUOQ^Y Z_\[ O\S_ [OPO* NN zSZ NO^[\. \SXS* [O q[O OQ^ SXY zSZO POQ. ^_ Q_S ^ OQÔPO ^Y.

#$. As& questions on the conversation. $ Role-play the conversation.$#. Situation: 5ou think your life is rather monotonous. All work and no !lay. 5ou in#iteyour friend to see a new film in the )cto,er cinema. 5our friend willingly 1oins you. Afterthe film you share your im!ressions.8istening A isit to the (inemaJiona and " went to the cinema the other day to see 3Be#il3 at the )deon. The re#iew ,y


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the Baily F>!ress critic was good* and we decided to go to the o'clock !erformance.When " arri#ed Jiona was waiting for me in the foyer* looking at a !oster for 3Be#il3 onthe wall. The usherette took our tickets and showed us to our seats. " don't like to ,eclose to the screen and " usually sit in the ,ack row if !ossi,le* and " !refer a seat in theaisle so that " can stretch my legs. efore the main film there was a Mickey Mouse(artoon* then a trailer for the following week's film. 3Be#il3 was a horror film and " was2uite terrified* ,ut Jiona thought it was funny.A Jilm Re#iewMarlon rando is a su!er, actor and in the 3)n the Waterfront3 he ga#e his finest

!erformance. "t is his ,estknown role. The cast also included F#a Marie 6aint and EarlMaiden and the film's director* Flia Ea@an* ne#er made a ,etter film. arts of the filmwere shot in the studio in Hollywood* ,ut a lot was made on location in the streets of9ew 5ork* which makes it at times like a documentary. The critics lo#ed the film ,ut itwas not only a critical success. "t was a great ,o> office success as well arid made an00Cenormous !rofit. The !lot is a,out a young man's attem!t to ,e a ,o>ing cham!ion.

A Funny Fil*Mary likes the cinema #ery much. 6he has no lessons and no homework on 6aturdays*so she always goes to the cinema that afternoon. 6he !refers funny films* ,ut often she

sees other kinds of films. 6he usually goes with some of her schoolfriends* and they allsit together and eat nuts and icecream and laugh when something funny ha!!ens. Theyare always #ery ha!!y at the cinema.8ast 6aturday Mary saw a film a,out a funny man. His name was ercy. ercy was fatand had a ,ig* ,lack moustache. He went out one night to !lay cards with his friendswhen his wife was aslee!. When he was going home at midnight* a dog ran after himand tore his trouser !ocket* so ercy lost his key. He tried to clim, u! a ladder to getinto his house through a window* ,ut he sli!!er down the ladder and made a terri,lenoise. His wife woke u! and cried* 3Hel!+ Thie#es+3 6omeone tele!honed the !olice anda truck full of !olicemen arri#ed. ercy ran away* ,ut he sli!!ed and fell into the mud at

the side of the ri#er. Mary and her friends laugher' a lot.Self check/. *ill in the gaps with prepositions:The other day " made u! my mind to go ... the !ictures to see a detecti#e. According ...the news!a!er re#iews the film !romisei to ,e interesting. " know that my cousin ack iskeen ... detecti#es so yesterday e#ening " rang him u! and in#ited him to come ... meHe acce!ted my in#itation willingly. We agreed to meet ... the cine ma ... =.7D. When 0arri#ed ... the cinema " found ack waiting me. There were many !eo!le ... the ,o>office and we had to stand ... the 2ueue ... a,out 4D minutes. We were lucky to ge'tickets ... the ? o'clock show.

//. 1ranslate into "nglish: p[O [ \_POQ^ __VOZ Q_S_X- `_PO O\OU_^ÔPO* [O- { ^_ YO_X \YOQ[ NÔ- `_SOY Z\S. _ ^_\NOSNO ^_Q_S ^_ US NÔ L NÔ[_[V_ }O\N Q_[ }^_\_^^_ _[VOZ O VO Z^ [_S.04D O QVP _ Q_S _PO. ]^ POOV[* [O q[O Z_[_S^ zSZ. O^_Ô* Z^_ QOS^ VO\[[ _PO. {OPQ NSb Q US_[ ^ O\Z\OO \_^\. {_U \[V_[ q[O V_Z- * \\UO. PQ_ Z \[V_[Z\-

\[V_[Z\ Z_^ = \O. OVOXO. O \NOVO \[V_.Fluency

/.Answer the ollowing questions:Are you a keen cinemagoer- How often do you go to the cinema- Which of the Minskcinemas do you like ,est- Why- Which do you !refer: to see a film on tele#ision or on


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the screen in the regular cinema- Why- What kind of films do you !refer- Ha#e you seenany interesting films lately- When did you last go to the !ictures- What film did you see-What is the film a,out- Who starred in it- Bid you like the acting- Bid you en1oy thefilm- Which film im!ressed you greatly- Why- Who do you think is the ,est film directorin our country- Which of his $her& films did you like ,est- Who is your fa#ourite actor-Are you fond of Jrench films- Ha#e you seen any Jrench films this month- What do youthink of Hollywood films- What is on at the cinema now- Are you going to the cinemathis week- What are you going to see- Ha#e you read any re#iews on the film- Which doyou !refer: cinema or theatre- Why- Bo you like to watch T- What !rogramme do you

!refer-//. Spea& on: a& your last #isit to the cinema,& the film you liked ,estc& your fa#ourite actor $film director&

///.Act out the ollowing situations:0. "n fact you don't often go out in the e#ening. As a rule you stay at home and watchtele#ision. 5ou are fond of it. 6o is your friend. At the moment you are discussingyour fa#ourite T !rogrammes.4. )nce in a long while you ha#e made u! your mind to go to the cinema. There are

se#eral films on. (ertainly you want to see a good one. 5our friend is a keen cinemagoer* so he is 1ust the man to ask which film to see.3ritingHere is !art of a letter in which you write a,out a film you ha#e seen recently.im and " went to see 3Gone with the Wind3 last Tuesday e#ening. "t was on at the)deon. We en1oyed it #ery much. "t's* an old film ,ut the cinema was full. $" alwaysen1oy seeing old films don't you- and this is a #ery good one.& i#ien 8eigh is so,eautiful as 6carlett )'Hara. 6he was a wonderful actress. And (lark Ga,le is so good asRhett utler. He was a wonderful actor. " en1oyed the film when " first saw it twentytwoyears ago and " en1oyed it again last night. 5ou must see it.

3rite a paragraph in the same way to suit an old or a modern ilm you have )ust seen. 9 " T C

RA!!ARG #9HECT C"AUSES REP#RTE SPEEC% SE8UENCE #F TENSESIllustrative Situations" think $that&he s!eaks Fnglish.they are !laying chessnow.he came on time.she was skating at =.they ha#e seen this film.she has ,een waiting long.he will !hone me tonight.they will ,e lea#ing soon.he'll ha#e done the work,y ?.6im!le resent resent (ontinuous6im!le ast ast (ontinuous resent erfect resent erfect (ont 6im!le Juture Juture(ontinuous Juture erfectCther introductory phrases oten used in the principal clause: " ,elie#e* " su!!ose* "know* " ho!e* " am sure* " am afraid* " see* " remem,er* " understand* He says* 6he has

told us* He will say* etc.he knows Jrench.she is still ty!ing.he was at the cinema yesterday.0 wonder if you were watching T last night*$whether& they ha#e seen him.


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he has ,een working hard.he will ,e at home at 0D.she will ,e lea#ing tonight.Cther #ntroductory phrases oten used in the principal clause "'d like to know* " don'tknow* "'m not sure* 6he doesn't understand* "'#e no ideaI He doesn't remem,er* " can'ttell you* 6he asks* He wonders* He has asked* 6he will ask* etc.044where she li#es'- what they are doing now- when he was in 8ondon last-(an you tell me what he was doing at < yesterday-

how long she has ,een here- since when she has ,een waiting for me- how he will getthere- where they will ,e tra#elling-Cther introductory phrases oten used in the principal clause: Bo you know* Bo youunderstand* Boes she remem,er* Will you ask him* Has he told you* etc.whose ,ook it is.who is !laying the !iano.when she saw eter last.Tell me what Bick was doing at ?.Ask her if ane has ,rought the records.how long she has ,een ty!ing.

if they will come.what they will ,e doing at C.Practice

/.As& a(out another person. egin your questions with: # wonder2 #'d li&e to &now2 #want to &now:e.g. Eate is a student. " wonder whether Mary is a student* too.0. eter doesn't !lay chess. 4. Alec has seen ihis film. 7. 8ucy s!eaks Jrench. ;. Bickwent fishing on 6unday.


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00. Why didn't Ann come to the !arty- $" don't know& 04. Where does ack li#e- $Ha#eyou any idea..-& 07. 6he has ,een waiting for an hour. $6he says& 0;. When did theyarri#e- $Bo you know...-& 0


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0. 3Bo you know...-3 36orry. "'#e got no idea.3 4 39e#er mind " don't su!!ose youknow... .3 39o* "'m afraid " don't.3 7. 3)ne more thing. Bo you ha!!en to know...-3 3"'mafraid " didn't see her go out.3Re+orte- s+eech (+resent)

/. Report2 the ollowing utterances:e.g. eter: "'m fond of !laying tennis.eter says he is fond of !laying tennis.0. Mr 6mith: My son has tra#elled a lot. 4. ack: They are staying at the Minsk hotel 7.Mrs a>ter: "'ll ,ook a return ticket ;. Helen: "'m going to take my Fnglish e>am

tomorrow. .

0. Ro,ert to you: Where will you s!end your holidays- 4. Mi a>ter to Mr Ro,inson:Were you at the theatre yesterday- 7. Bo nald to his ,rother: When did you send thetelegram- ;. 5oui father to you: Were you at home yesterday afternoon- ter to Mr 6hort: Ha#e you signed the !a!ers#et-

04=//. /a&e up short dialogues:e.g. The train is late. What do you say- " say the train is late.e.g. Are you fond of tra#elling- What do you ask- " ask whether you are fond of tra#elling* e.g. Where do you li#e- What do you ask- " ask where you li#eFluency

/. Report am's message:am wants to s!eak to ill on the !hone* ,ut ill is washing her hair. 6te#e shouts intothe ,athroom. am: " shall ,e on my own at the weekend. 6te#e: "t's am+ 6hesays... . am: eff's going to Manchester* and Eate's gone to stay with afriend.6te#e: 6he says...am: And Mark went cam!ing yesterday. 6te#e: 6he says... am: 6o* if it's all right*"'d like to come and stay with you forthe weekend. 6te#e: 6he says...ill: )h* yes* fine. Tell her "'d lo#e her to come. 6te#e: ill says ... .

//. Listen to the conversations. As& and answer questions. Roleplay the conversations.0. This is the Radio " 9ewsdesk. "n Borset* a helico!ter is trying to rescue aman who has fallen down a cliff. He's lying on a small ,each. An airsea rescuehelico!ter has arri#ed at the scene* and one of the crew has clim,ed down a ladder tothe ,each. He's s!eaking to a doctor ,y radio. (rewman: Hello. (an you hear me*doctor- Boctor: 5es* " can hear you clearly "s he unconscious- (rewman: 9o* he's


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conscious. ut he looks !retty ,ad. Boctor: ]. Ask him if he can mo#e.(rewman: (an you mo#e- Man: 9o...Boctor Ask him if he is in !ain. (rewman: Are you in !ain-04?Man: )h... yes...Boctor: Ask him where it hurts.(rewman: Where does it hurt-Man: "t's my ,ack.Boctor: Right. Bon't mo#e him. "'m coming down.

4. Jrank Aitken is the editor of the Baily 9ews. He's sending trainee 1ournalist tointer#iew the American singer* o, 6onata.39ow* "'#e arranged the inter#iew for four o'clock... at h hotel. Ask him lots of 2uestions.5ou know... ask him if he liki Fngland. Ask him what his ne>t record will ,e* when herecorde it... and ask him where. Ask him all the usual 2uestions... ,i don't... don't askhim how old he is. ]. E.-37. Grandmother: Read immy's card to me !lease* Mary. Mary: " ha#e 1ustarri#ed in 6cotland and "'m stayinga 5outh Hostel. Grandmother: Fh- Mary: He says he's 1ust arri#ed in 6cotland.He sa

he's staying at a 5outh Hostel. 5ou know he'smem,er of the 5. H. A. Grandmother: The what- Mary: The 5. H. A.* mother.The 5outh Hostels Association. Grandmother: What else does he say- Mary: "'llwrite a letter soon. " ho!e you are all well.Grandmother: What- 6!eak u!* Mary. "'m afraid " can't he*you. Mary: He says he'll write a letter soon. He ho!es are all well. 38o#e* immy3.Grandmother: "s that all- He doesn't say #ery much* does he' Mary: He can'twrite #ery much on a card* mother.

Questions: What is immy doing at the moment- Where is + staying- What else does he

say-;. Harry: How was the e>amination* Bick-Bick: 9ot too ,ad. " think " !assed in Fnglish and Mathem i tics. The 2uestions were#ery easy. How a,out yoi Harry-Harry: The Fnglish and Maths !a!ers weren't easy enough f' me. " ho!e " ha#en't failed.Bick: " think " failed the "ntelligence Test. " could ansu si>teen of the 2uestions. Theywere #ery easy. ut couldn't answer the rest. They were too difficult for rr!

Harry: "ntelligence tests are awful* aren't they-Bick: " hate them "'m sure "'#e got a low ". .Harry: )h* cheer u!+ erha!s we didn't do too ,adly. The fell' '# ne>t to me wrote hisname at the to! of the !a!t'04Bick 5es-Harry: Then he sat there and looked at it for three hours' He didn't write a word0

Questions: What does Bick think of the results of his e>am- 1sHarry sure he has !assedhis e>amination successfully- How did Bick find the "ntelligence Test-Self check

/. 1ranslate into "nglish:0. ^[_V_\Ô* PQ_ O^ OUÔ VOOQ[ O[\N. 4. QZb* [O O^ __ ^_V_YS. 7. ^Q_b\* [O O^ ^_ OOQ_[ ^ O_Q* YO[ O^ OQÔ _YS ÔNS. ;. OZ^b* [O _QS NOZ^QVON \_^[UV_ < ^[_V_\Ô* UQ_[ S O^

\[[ ^ \OUV^. =. ]^ POOV[* [O ^_ SbU[ [_[V. ?. ^_ ^b* NOPQ O^_V^[\. . ]^ POOV[* [O _V OOQS ^ S_Nb. C. ]^ YO_[ ^[* NNOPO\[^_ O^ O\[ÔS\. 0D. ]^ POOV[* [O V_OQ_[ ^PS\N _ 4DS_[. 00. ]^ \VX_[* O_Z [ _Z ^_ O^[. 04. { ^_ ^_X* NOPQ O_QVU_[ LVX- 07. { OZ^X* PQ_ Z O[QYS 0CD POQ- 0;. Ob\*[O O^ ^_ \_S ^ X_\[\OO O_Q. 0


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jN _Z* PQ_ O^ _[. 0?. ^_ ^b* O_Z OU_V[ Z^_ ^_ X_[. 0. ^__V_^* S __ [V. 0C. L ^_ ^_[_* _\[ S O[ ^_QS_NO O[\bQ- 4D. QZb* [O O^ ^_[_[ QONZ_^[ N [ \Z. 40. ^_ Z_b ^ ZS_X_POV_Q\[S_^* _Z O^ Q_\ ^Z_[\. 44. Ob\* [O O^ USQS\

SE8UENCE #F TENSESIllustrative Situations

/. Study these example situations:0. 5esterday e#ening when " returned from work my friend !honed me. He said he hada s!are ticket for a concert and in#ited me to 1oin him. ut " answered that " was too

tired and didn't want to go anywhere.4. ane is lea#ing for the (aucasus tonight. ut she said she wanted to go to the (rimea. 6he has changed her mind7. Why didn't you call on me yesterday e#ening- " didn't know you were at home.;. 5esterday on my way home " met Mary. 6he was in a hurry. " thought she washurrying to the "nstitute ,ut she said she was 04Cgoing to the station to meet a friend of hers who was coming ,y the C o'clock train.

t day )n the following day " took her to the circus.?. " thought you were going to call on me last night. Whydidn't you- " didn't know Mary would come to #isit me ,ut she did.. 8ast week on my way home " met George. He said he would ,e lea#ing for Moscow inan hour.

C. 8ast month " saw Alec. He looked #ery sun,urnt. He said he'd s!ent a month in thesouth.0D. etty told me some days ago that Mike had got married. Wasn't she 1oking- " don't think so.00. When " entered ane's room yesterday " saw that her eyes were red. " understoodthat she had ,een crying.04. When " called on my friend the other day he was writing a re!ort. He said he had,een working at it for a month.Illustrative Te,ts

/. Listen to the text2 read it and analyse the use o tenses. Reproduce the text.The secretary told me that Mr Harmsworth would see me. " felt #ery ner#ous when "went into his office. He did not look u! from his desk when " entered. After " had satdown* he said that ,usiness was #ery ,ad. He

1-2. basic english course

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