1 - introduction · 2018. 10. 10. · emp report for colour granite mine of 2.00 ha, located in...

EMP Report For Colour Granite Mine of 2.00 Ha, located in Tekkali Village, Tekkali Mandal, Srikakulam District, Andhra Pradesh.

M/s FREEWORLD EXPORTS PVT LTD

Global Enviro Labs, Hyderabad 1

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 INTRODUCTION

M/s. Free world Exports Pvt. Ltd was granted a transfer of Quarry Lease for colour

Granite in Survey number 53 of Tekkali village, and Mandal, Srikakulam District, A.P.

over an extent of 2.00 Ha. vide Proceedings No. 17300/R1-1/2008, dated 21-07-2008,

and the Transfer of Quarry lease deed was executed by AMDG, Tekkali, Vide

Proceedings No. 368/Q/2008, dated 02-08-2008 for the un-expired period of Quarry lease

i.e, upto 31-01-2028. Originally the lease was granted to M/s. Excellent Granites vide

DMG Proceedings No 31808/R.I1/2007 Dated 07-01-2008. Later the lease was

transferred in favour of M/s. Free world Exports Pvt. Ltd. A Mining Plan was approved

by Joint Director of Mines and Geology, Hyderabad, Vide letter No 753/MP-TKL/2013,

dated 28-09-2013.

M/s. Free world Exports Pvt. Ltd., has obtained Environmental Clearance from

State Environmental Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA), A.P for a production

of 394 Cum/ Year of Colour Ganite vide order no: SEIAA/SKM-190/2015 Dated

03.02.2016 Over the months, keeping in view of the excellent quality and service, the

product enjoy very high reputation in domestic and international markets, the

management of M/s. Free world Exports Pvt. Ltd is proposed to enhance their

production capacity from 394 Cum/Year to 5286 Cum/year in their existing mine lease

area. The present proposal is submitted for 5286 Cum/year from the existing 2.00

Hectares of Mine lease area.

M/s. Free world Exports Pvt Ltd is conscious of its responsibility towards the society

in minimizing the pollution load due to this proposed activity and according to EIA

notification, 15th

January 2016 issued by MoEF, GOI, New Delhi for obtaining

Environmental Clearance from DEIAA, Srikakulam; the project proponents intends to

prepare an Environmental Management Plan for submission for grant of Environmental

Clearance for their proposed 2.00 Ha. Of Granite Mine Lease area.




Table – 1: SALIENT FEATURES OF THE STUDY AREA

Details of the Study Area

District & State Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh

Mandal Tekkali

Village Tekkali

Nature of the Area Govt. Revenue Land

Latitude 18o37’25.7” N

Longitude 84o13’35.4” E

General Climatic Conditions

Maximum Temperature 40oC

Minimum Temperature 15oC

Annual Rainfall 1000 mm

Wind Pattern SW to NE

Accessibility

Road Connectivity A B.T. road of 2.2 km length is

connecting to the area from Tekkali

Rail Connectivity The nearest Railway station is located at

Tekkali, at a distance of 2.2 km from the

applied area

Air Port Vishakapatnam 160 km

Nearest Village Anjanapuram village 1.1 km from ML

area

Historical / Important Places

Archaeologically Important Site Nil within the study area

Historically Important Site Nil within the study area

Sensitive Places Nil within the study area

Sanctuaries / National Parks Nil within the study area

Nearest Forest Pedda Kedar R.F. 1.5 km N

Polavaram R.F. 6.8 km SW

Nearest Water Body Water body (S)-0.5 Km

Gotta Barriage Left Main Canal-0.6 Km

and few streams and water bodies are

there outside of the ML area

Figure 1 shows the 10 km radius of the study area around the proposed Mine Lease area.




2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1 THE PROJECT

The project of M/s. Freeworld Exports Pvt Ltd is presently producing 394 Cum/Year of

Colour Granite. Now the Lessee is proposed to enhance their production capacity from

394 Cum/Year to 5286 Cum/Year in their existing mine lease area of 2.00 Ha located in

Sy. No. 53, of Tekkali village, Tekkali Mandal, Srikakulam District of Andhra Pradesh..

The method of working shall be by Semi-Mechanised opencast working of quarrying by

using jack hammer drilling & cutting by Wire Saw & no blasting is required.

The lease area is at the intersection of 18o37’25.7” North latitudes and 84

o13’35.4” East

longitudes. The area is located at a distance of 2.5 km from Tekkali.

2.2 NEED FOR THE PROJECT

In order to meet the statutory requirements the lessee intends to obtain Environmental

Clearance from Statutory Authorities.

2.3 TOPOGRAPHY

The quarry lease applied area is located on a hill steeply sloping due south with an

average relief of 40 M. Vegetation is developed in between the joints and soil areas. The

quarry leased area is a part of hill raised 40 M above ground level within the quarry lease

area with topo relief in south direction. The lowest contour is 100 M and highest contour

is 140 M in topo plan.

2.4 GEOLOGY

2.4.1 Regional Geology

The Eastern Ghat Mobile Belt (EGMB) is more than 600 Km in Length from Srikakulam

in the North to Ongole in the South. This belt is more than 100 Km in width in Northern

part and tapers down to less than 20 Km in the South, it has brad actuate trend with west

ward convexity. The NNE – SSW trend in the southern part of the belt changes NE – SW

in the North. EGMB is divided into 3 longitudinal zones viz.

1. Western – Charnocklitic Zone

2. Central-Khondalite Zone




3. Eastern – Migmatite Zone

While in the Northern parts in Srikakulam, Vizianagaram & Vishakapatnam Districts the

central Khondalite Zone occupies major part of the area. Whereas Western Charnockite

Zone occurs in the Southern part. The rocks in this belt are represented High Grade

Granulite facies of Metamorphism and suffered by complex deformation. The

stratigraphic succession of EGMB is as follows:

INTRUSIVES Layered Anorthisites and associated Mafics and

Chromiferrous Ultra Mafics

CHARNOCKITE GROUP Charnockites with Mega Crystic K-Feldspar

Charnockite Two Pyroxene Granulite /

Amphibolies

KHONDALITE GROUP Calc – Sillicate – Granulites

Garnet – Silliminite – Quartz – Biotite –

K.Feldspar – Graphite Gneiss (Khondalite)

Quartzite – Garnet – Silliminite

GRANITOID SUITE Granitoid with Mega Crystic K-Feldspar Un-

Differenciated (with Migmatitic Dia Tectite,

Augen) Perforoblastic Granite and Gneisses.

Garnet – Biotite Homophanus Granite / Gneiss

Leptinite, Local Charnockite Neosomes and Relics

In Srikakulam district the EGMB is represented by vide range of litho units Viz:

Charnockites, Khondalites, Two Pyroxene Granulites, Migmatites, Leptinites and

Intrusive Porphyroblastic Charnockites. Large enclaves of Acid Charnockites,

Khondalites and Meta-Basic rocks occur within Migmatites, which are largely seen in the

area lying between R. Vamsadhara and Coast line

2.4.2 Geology of the area

The Migmatites and Migmatised Charnockite deposits are commercially known as

“Srikakulam Blue”. The Migmatite essentially consists of Blue Quartz and Bluish Grey

to Light Grey Feldspar with accessory minerals like Hypersthene, Horneblends and

Biotite. The rock displays Wavy Banding, Ptygmatic folding of Bands, Paleosom –

Mesosom – Leucosom and Minimal Lineation. A number of parallel slips trending N-S,

NNW-SSE and NNE-SSW cut across the Wavy Banding, Pinching and Displacing the

Bandings, which imparts additional beauty to the stone besides its Blue Colour. The

arrested enclaves of Charnockite (Locally known as Oil Patches) and healed hairline




fractures (Known as White and Coloured Lines) cutting across the wavy banding are

considered defects.

Three sets of joints :

1. N – S

2. E – W

3. Sheet / Horizontal Joints

Local Geology:

The Srikakulam blue granite quarrying at present in restricted to two broad sectors – (i)

Narasannapeta – Polaki and (ii) Tekkali – Jargangi – Jalamuru – Saravakota – Bonth

occupying about 100 sq. km. during the present survey two more deposits, one each of

Lavender blue and Dark blue varieities of Srikakulam blue granite are brought to light

near Kottapalle and Lingalavalasa, respectively. A sizeable reserve of possible category

has been estimated.

The rock is medium grained, grayish white to grayish blue in colour and exhibits

gneissosity. It is composed, essentially of blue quartz, plagioclase, K-Feldspar (Perthite),

enstatie, hypersthenes, garnet, biotite and accessory amounts of Zircon, rutile and iron

oxides.

The rock displays wavy patterns and ptygmatic folding, which impart eye catching

designs. Depending on intensity of blue colour, design and geographic location, the

Srikakulam blue granite is marketed under different trade names, such as, Lavender blue,

Mayur blue, dark blue, peacock blue, vizag blue etc.

2.5 GEOLOGICAL RESERVES :

Method of Estimation of Reserves:

The deposit is found to be irregular in shape. Hence cross sectional method adopted for

Estimation of Geological Reserves. 3cross section A-A1 to C-C1 was drawn at equal

distance perpendicular to the strike direction of the formation to estimate the reserves

The cross sections were drawn perpendicular to the strike direction, the cross sectional

area of the individual sections are calculated to arrive at sectional area, the area thus




arrived is multiplied by the sectional influence of 44 M (average) to arrive the volume of

colour Granite.

RESERVES (As per the Approved Mining Plan 2013)

Granite Reserves in Proved zone = 41,490 x 15% = 6,223 m3

Granite Reserves in Probable zone = 8,400 x 15% = 1,260 m3

Granite Reserves in Possible zone = 9,276 x 15% = 1,391 m3

59,166 m3 8,874 m

3

Mineable Reserves and Life of the Mine as previous approved mining plan:

S.No Description Quantity in Cum

1 Total Mineable Reserves 8743

2 Reserves blocked in the 7.5 m buffer zone 2034

3 Reserves blocked in mine Benches 1985

4 Mineral already dispatched 249

5 Total (2 + 3 + 4) = 4268 cum

5 Net Mineable Balance Reserves = [1 – (2+3+4) ] 4475

Life of the Mine as per previous approved mining plan: =

Total Minable reserves – Already recovered/ Actual anticipated annual production

= 4475 /394 M3 = 11.35 or 12 years

Additional Reserves established (as per present Approved Mining Scheme):

Total Geological Reserves

Sections Category

& UNFC

Code

Sectional

Area (m3)

Sectional

Influence

(m)

Volume

(m3)

Recovery of

@ 20%

A-A1

Proved

(111)

5,033.00 58.00 2,91,914.00 58,382.80

Probable 2,047.00 58.00 1,18,726.00 23,745.20

B-B1

Proved

(111)

4,597.00 44.00 2,02,268.00 40,453.60

Probable 2,045.00 44.00 89,980.00 17,996.00

C-C1

Proved

(111)

3,939.00 44.00 1,73,316.00 34,663.20

Probable 2,032.00 44.00 89,408.00 17,881.60

Total 9,65,612.00 1,93,122.40




Reserves in UNFC CODE

S.No. Category of Reserves Reserves in m3 Reserves in

Million M3

1 Proved 6,67,498.00 0.667

2 Probable 2,98,114.00 0.298

3 Possible Nil Nil

Reserves blocked under 7.5M buffer zone

Sections Category &

UNFC Code

Sectional

Area (m3)

Sectional

Influence

(m)

Volume

(m3)

A-A1

Proved (111) 755.00 58.00 43,790.00

Probable 266.00 58.00 15,428.00

B-B1

Proved (111) 622.00 44.00 27,368.00

Probable 266.00 44.00 11,704.00

C-C1

Proved (111) 533.00 44.00 23,452.00

Probable 266.00 44.00 11,704.00

Total 1,33,446.00

Reserves blocked under Safety Slopes

Sections Category &

UNFC Code

Sectional

Area (m3)

Sectional

Influence

(m)

Volume

(m3)

A-A1

Proved (111) 755.00 58.00 43,790.00

Probable 266.00 58.00 15,428.00

B-B1

Proved (111) 622.00 44.00 27,368.00

Probable 266.00 44.00 11,704.00

C-C1

Proved (111) 533.00 44.00 23,452.00

Probable 266.00 44.00 11,704.00

Total 1,33,446.00

Total Mineable Reserves: Considering the recovery of the dimensional stones from the

quarry is less than 20% and as the boulders exposed from the bottom of the existing pits

exhibit better quality when compared to the excavated boulders, conservative estimation

is made with 20% recovery.

S.No Total geological reserves (M3) (m3)

1 Geological reserves Proved 6,67,498.00

9,65,612.00 Probable 2,98,114.00

2 Reserves blocked in the 7.5 m buffer Proved 94,610.00




zone Probable 38,836.00 1,33,446.00

3 Reserves blocked under safety slopes Proved 92,184.00

1,81,824.00 Probable 89,640.00

4 Total reserves blocked (B+C) Proved 1,86,794.00

3,15,270.00 Probable 1,28,476.00

5. Reserves available for quarrying (A-

(B+C)

Proved 4,80,704.00

6,50,342.00 Probable 1,69,638.00

Recovery (Proved)

@20% Recovery = 96,140.800 M3

Life of the Mine = 96,140.80 M3 / 3,883.20 M

3

= 24.76 years

Recovery (Probable)

@20% Recovery = 33,927.60 M3

Life of the Mine = 33,927 M3 / 3,883.20 M

3

= 8.74 years Proved + Probable = 33.50 or 34.00 Years

Life of the Mine (Proved) = 96140.80 Cum/5286 (max) cum/year-18.1 or 18 Years.

2.6 MINING

Open Cast Mining: The Colour Granite in the quarry lease area is exposed on the

surface with boulders. Hence, it is proposed to mine the boulders / sheet by open cast,

semi-mechanized methods, by developing the benches of 6M height in 2 phases of 3 m

each. Wire Saw cutting will be deployed based on the favourable conditions. The

development of benches in the sheet rock will be maintained @ 60o safety slopes.

The separation of blocks from the mother rock will be carried out by drilling wedge

cutting excavation will be done by the machinery.

The secondary splitting , dressing of blocks will be done manually.

Therefore, mining operations are to be carried out in this area in 2 stages.

1) Development

2) Production




Stage- 1

The removal of weathered and under sized boulders will be cleared in the quarry lease

area for the next five years by using excavator.

The sheet that is exposed will be subjected to drilling and splitting from mother rock.

Rock splitting / Wedging :

Thus 20’ x 20’ to 40’ x 20’ to 40’ mass will be separated from mother rock by drilling the

slotter holes on both sides of the mass and a top hole interesting these two holes and wire

saw rope is passed through and cutting is done horizontally and vertically and by this

there will be mass opening on all the sides from the mother mass.

Stage-2

After removal of weathered and under sized boulders.

The large boulders will be subjected to splitting into required sizes of blocks

by using Jack Hammers by drilling series of deep holes at right angles at

regular intervals, later by inserting feather and wedges in these holes and

hammering with sledge hammer will release the blocks.

The boulders will be splited to the required sizes with drilling and if required

by using chemical compound at the source only. The boulders separated will

be brought to the dressing yard for dressing.

If the boulders, which fit into the required market grade size will be

transformed into cuboids.

Secondary Splitting :

After separation from the mother rock, it is properly checked by washing with water to

identify defects and cracks. Based on this observation, the size is decided and the blocks

are marked and separated by drilling and wedging.

The separated pieces will be examined for defects and lines, then the block or blocks are

marked in clear area and holes are drilled along the line of marking , with the help of

feathers and wedges the waste portions are separated forming a rectangular blocks. Any

bulges will be removed by drilling and wedging making it perfect blocks. A perfect block

is that all the sides shall make with each other 900.




Dressing :

After primary separation the rock mass will be carefully examined to avoid hairline

cracks, mineral segreations and veins etc. the dressing of the rough blocks will be made

by chipping the edges and geometrically equating the edges of the blocks at the dressing

yard. The rough blocks obtained after primary cut it will be dressed for obtaining good

geometric shape of coloured granite.

Dressing of dimensional rough blocks for export:

Dressing is the final phase of mining operation werein the secondary rough blocks are

squared into regular perfect rectangular sizes, thereby avoiding uneven bulge or cavities

and other defects. Jackhammers with compressor, feather and wedges and

sledgehammers are the equipment generally used for dressing the block.

Drilling & Blasting:

a) Drill holes of 9 M depth will be drilled in single row with spacing of less

then 0.3 M and burden of 1.6 M or more shall be maintained uniformly.

This arrangement will yield rock size of 3 M x 2 M cross section. A

bench height of 6.0 M will be tackled in two steps.

Drilling Parameters:

Drill hole Diameter 32 mm up to 9 M Long

Depth and inclination of Drill hole: Generally drilled vertically in an alignment, however

in primary cutting in the absence of sheet joints to develop bottom level horizontal holes

also be drilled.

Explosive Type: Not Applicable (Not permission for storing the blasting material will be

granted by the district Administration). The applicant proposes to use AGFRACT

Chemical compound whenever required.

Extent of Mechanization:

Compressor 3 No.

Drilling Machine 1 No.

Jack Hammers 9 No’s.

Excavator 2 No




Tipper 4 No

Tractor with Water Tanker 1 No’s.

Jeep 1 No

Wire saw machine 1 No

2.7 MINERAL PROCESSING

The Lessee intends to export and as well as sell the raw blocks for the processing units in

the country. The lessee does not possess a processing plant at the moment.

2.8 SITE SERVICES

The rest shelter cum office, First aid room, and toilets will be constructed in the area. The

roof will be of asbestos sheets covered by hay to keep it cool in summer. A first aid

certificate holder will be the in charge of the first aid room. Protected drinking water will

be provided and stored in earthen pots.

2.9 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL

The mining activity will provide the job facilities to the local people. It will have 1 Mines

Manager, skilled & unskilled labour about 42 persons.




3. EVALUATION OF IMPACTS

3.1 INTRODUCTION

Opencast mining activity causes some adverse impacts on the surround environment

unless proper environmental management plan is adopted. Selecting suitable sites for

mining and adopting the guidelines prescribed by the Ministry of Environment & Forests

(MoEF) and Indian Bureau of Mines (IBM), one can minimize the major possible

impacts.

In this chapter, an attempt has been made to quantify the possible environmental impacts

on various features such as air, water, noise, land, ecology and socio-economies. The

following aspects have been studied to identify the possible impacts while achieving the

total production of 5286 Cum/Year of Colour Granite.

The magnitude and significance of the environmental pollution caused by mining

depends on method of mining, scale and concentration of mining activity.

3.2 AIR ENVIRONMENT

The impacts on air environment from a mining activity depend on various factors like

production capacity, machinery involved, operations and maintenance of various

equipments and vehicle. Apart from these, there will be other activities associated viz

transportation of mineral and waste, stocking facilities and dump management within the

mine lease area that may contribute to pollution.

3.2.1 SOURCES OF DUST EMISSION

Mining is carried out by open cast semi mechanized method by using jack hammer

drilling & wire saw cutting. Based on the various operations involved in the production

of minerals, the various emission sources has been identified as given below.

a. Point sources

b. Area sources.

c. Line sources.




Drilling operations of the mine are considered as point sources. Extraction of mineral

from mine, are considered as area sources. Transportation of material from mining

benches to various end points are considered as line sources. The impact of above sources

on air environment is discussed below:

a) Drilling

One the boulder is freed by removing the soil and waste rock surrounding it, a series of

holes are drilled by compressed air using Jack Hammer at a regular interval of 15-30 cms

depending on the size of the boulder, the depth of the hole depends on the height of the

boulder and the holes are drilled up to the bottom leaving about a foot at the base. The

holes have to be perfectly straight and vertical so that the vertical split is obtained. Line

drilling machine can be used to drill straight holes. Feather and wedges are inserted into

the holes and hammered continuously applying uniform pressure and the boulder splits

vertically. Similarly dressing is done and the boulder is given a rectangular shape. All the

defects are avoided during the dressing stage. Diamond wire saw may also be employed

to dislodge the block from the parent rock.

Drill hole pattern will be uniform single lined pattern, equidistances holes from 0.33 m to

0.75 m , 4.5 m in depth. Spacing depends upon the size of the boulder, in general it 15

cms from hole to hole for better splitting.

b) Extraction & Loading

Extraction & Loading will be done by a crane and excavator and these activities of mine

operation is contributing to the area source emission and the extent of influence of this

operation is about 100 m2.

c) Haulage &Transportation

In the operating mine, the dressed blocks from mine face to the consumers is transported

by hired trucks. The trucks will be well maintained so that exhaust smoke does not

contribute abnormal values of noxious gases and unburnt hydrocarbons. The other




sources of air pollution is due to the dust generated during the movement of tippers on the

haul road.

The above sources, which include drilling, excavation, haulage for transport of blocks

will contribute to dust pollution in the air.

3.2.2 ANTICIPATED IMPACTS

The impacts envisaged due to mining activity are evaluated based on various factors. The

emission inventory of the pollutants is as follows, the main air pollutant would be dust or

particulate matter generated by handling and transportation of colour granite. But the

impact of mining operations on air quality is minimum as mining involved method by

using jackhammer drilling & wire saw cutting and as the production quantity is very less

i.e. 21.1 Cum/Day only.

3.2.2.1 Dust Generation and Control

The air pollutant would be dust or particulate matter generated by handling and

transportation of granite blocks. The existing ambient air quality at quarry lease area is

within the limits prescribed by A.P.P.C.B. The envisaged production of minerals is only

21.1 Cum/Day. The dust generated due to mining operations will be controlled by water

sprinkling through water tankers

3.3 NOISE ENVIRONMENT

Noise will be produced at the mine is due to operations of machinery, drilling and

movement of vehicles. The noise generated by the mining activity is dissipated within a

small zone around the mine. The present noise levels at quarry lease area are within the

limits prescribed by A.P.P.C.B. There is no major impact of the mining activity on the

vicinity however; pronounced effect of above noise levels will felt only near the active

working area and on the personnel working in the vicinity. The impact of noise on the

villages is negligible as the villages are located far from the mine site.




3.4 WATER ENVIRONMENT

The Mining activity will be carried out on mound slope will not have any effect on the

ground water and the static water table in this area is below 45-50 m.

3.4.1 Impact on Surface Water

There are no major streams and rivers, which can get effected by the mining. Hence,

there will be no effect on the surface water.

During the present plan period quarrying will go to depth of 10 meters from the present

level of mining. During the monsoon period, the rainwater, if gets stagnated, will be

drained out. The benches will made with an inward slope to facilitate run off more faster

on to the mine floor. Small bunds, garlands and silting tanks also will be constructed to

minimize inflow muddy water which carry fine material.

3.4.2 Impact on Ground Water

Mining activity will be above the BWL (45-50 m). Hence, there will be no effect on the

ground water regime.

3.4.3 Impact on Water Quality

Water quality in the buffer zone have indicted that the ground water is free from heavy

metal concentration and this mining activity will not interference on the water quality.

3.4.4 Water Consumption & Wastewater Generation

The water used for Dust suppression & wire saw cutting, Greenbelt & Domestic Purpose

only. The total water requirement is in the order of 6.5 m3/day for the existing mining

operations is met by purchasing the water through tankers from the villages. During the

proposed expansion of Colour granite production the water requirement will be increased

to 7.0 m3/day and the breakup details are indicated below.




WATER REQUIREMENT (m3/day)

SOURCE QUANTITY

Existing

Production (KLD)

After proposed

Expansion (KLD)

Dust suppression & wire saw 5.0 5.0

Domestic 0.5 1.0

Greenbelt 1.0 1.0

Total 6.5 7.0

The total water requirement of 7.0 m3/day after the proposed expansion programme will

be met by purchasing the water through tankers from the villages.

During the existing process and after implementation of proposed expansion only 0.5

KLD of domestic effluent will be generated and this will also sent to septic tank fallowed

by soak pit.

3.5 LAND ENVIRONMENT

Various components of land environment have been identified for study of impact of the

mine operations. Details of the same are given below:

3.5.1 Solid Waste Generation

Removal of weathered rock and the rock waste is the only solid waste that will be

generated from this mine. Some of the material from the waste may be sorted out and

used for making small blocks to be used by the local unit for making tiles. The market for

tiles is good at the moment and they will offer a better substitute for marble in terms of

price and quality. Some rejected and unsorted material may be used in the civil

engineering projects in the vicinity of the area. The waste material can also be crushed

into smaller sizes and can be used as road metal

About 21144 m3/Year of waste will be generated from this mine. For achieving this

production 97,080.00 M3 of Rock Mass will be excavated and 77,664.00 M

3 of

Waste will be generated.

The waste that will be generated during the mining will be dumped along the SE of

the quarry lease area between the grids N 00 – 100 & E 00 – 50 over an area of

2,360 M2 with an average height of 6 M with 45

0 slope angle will be formed. A




retaining wall will be constructed around the dump for preventing the slating of

boulders.

Quantity (Cum/Year)

Particulars Present After Proposed Expansion

Waste Rock 2231 21144

3.5.2 Impact on Land use

The mine is located in an area of 2.00 Ha. No forestland is involved.

After the operations cease, the mine spoiled area will be back field. It may not be

possible to complete regain the original topography of the area. During quarrying

whatever solid waste is generated shall be dumped at dumping site inside the Q.L. area.

The mining lease area is not a part of any type of forest. Entire mine lease area is govt.

land hence all the impact on land use is positive because aesthetic environment will not

be effected, as the mine is located on a plain with some bushes.

Due to opencast mining activities, the landscape will be slightly changed. There

will be no land subsidence as the country is made up of hard rock. The Soil cover in this

mine is almost nil and Agriculture is seen mainly in the plains in the vicinity of the lease

area and the mining will not have any impact on the agricultural pattern. Only few bushes

will be cleared to facilitate mining and other related activities and there are no big

trees, which may have to be cut.

3.6 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT

There is no adverse impacts are anticipated due to the proposed mining activity on

biological environment. However, with the implementation of the environmental

management measures, there will be improvement in the parameters of biological

environment.

The tree species found with the core zone represent the common type of flora species

along with small shrubs and bushes. Due to mining activities community structure of the




vegetation will not change. Whereas diversity of plant species and food web index of the

area reduced to certain extent.

However, if the proposed reclamation of the mining area and dumped out area using

proper re-vegetation techniques and development of green belt around the ultimate limit

and roadside there shall be an improvement in the species diversity and food web index

compared to the existing level.

3.7 SOCIO- ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT

3.7.1 No Rehabilitation

The mine area does not cover any habitation. Hence the mining activity does not involve

any displacement of human settlement. No public buildings, places, monuments etc. exist

within the lease area or in the vicinity. The mining operations will not disturb/ relocate

any village or need resettlement. Thus no adverse impact is anticipated.

3.7.2 Improvement in Socio Economic Status

It will be obvious to assume that the activities of the mining operations have to be

produced some improvements in the socio-economic levels in the study area.

The Lessee will provide employment to local population and it will give preference to the

local people whenever there is requirement of manpower.

The proposed mining activities will provide employment to persons of different skills and

trades. The local population is the largest plausibility among these employees. The

employment potential ameliorated economic conditions of these families directly and

provided employment to many other families indirectly who are involved in business and

service oriented activities. This in-turn will improve the socio-economic conditions of the

area.

3.7.3 Occupational Health and Safety

The mine is going to be developed mainly semi mechanized opencast method by using

jackhammer drilling & wire saw cutting. No major crushing or pulverization will be done

here. The small-scale mining will not have any ill effects on the health of labour.




Excessive dust and noise are the chief health hazards for the miners. As already

mentioned these causative factors are well within the safety limits and the proponents

will strictly implement the prescribed safety measures. The health of the workers will be

regularly checked and suitable medical facilities should be created on or close to the site.

Highest safety will be ensured in the working conditions of the miners.




4. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

4.1 INTRODUCTION

The mining development in the study area needs to intertwined with judicious utilization

natural resources within the limits of permissible assimilative capacity. The assimilative

capacity of the study area is the maximum amount of pollution load that can be

discharged in the environment without affecting the designated use and is governed by

dilution, dispersion and removal due to natural physio-chemical and biological processes.

The Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is required to ensure sustainable

development in the study area.

This chapter covers the genesis of pollution, the principal sources of pollution, the nature

of pollution, the proposed measures required for meeting the prevailing statutory

requirements of gaseous emissions, wastewater discharge characteristics, noise levels etc.

for environmental management purpose in connection with the mining and mining related

activities in the study area.

This section discusses the management plan for mitigation/abatement impacts and

enhancement of beneficial impacts due to mining. The Environmental Management Plan

(EMP) has been designed within the framework of various Indian legislative and

regulatory requirements on environmental and socio-economic aspects.

Environmental Management Plan giving the environmental protection measures at mine

to meet the stipulated norms of IBM/MoEF are as detailed.

4.2 AIR POLLUTION CONTROL MEASURES

The present ambient air quality measurements in the mine area are well within the limits.

Due to the proposed production of 5286 Cum /Year of colour granite, there will be

marginal increase in dust concentrations.




Mitigative measures suggested for air pollution control are based on the baseline ambient

air quality monitoring data. From the point of view of maintenance of an acceptable

ambient air quality in the region, it is desirable that air quality should be monitored on a

regular basis to check it vis-à-vis the standards prescribed by CPCB and in cases of non-

compliance appropriate mitigative measures shall be adopted.

The following dust prone areas are identified for adopting proper control measures in the

mine area.

i) Drilling & Wire Saw Cutting

ii) Excavation

iii) Transportation

The environmental control measures which will be implemented to control the fugitive

dust released from the proposed production are given below:

Wet drilling system & Dust proof

Optima Wire Saw Cutting (using water reduces dust)

Use of sharp drill bits for drilling holes. The charge concentration of the

explosives will be between 10 – 40 grams per linear meter.

Water sprinkling arrangements such as specially fabricated tankers mounted on

tipper are deployed at mine site to control the fugitive dust generation from the

haulage roads.

Regular grading of haul roads and service roads to clear accumulation of loose

material

The blasted blocks (temporary) are wetted by spraying water

Excavation operations are suspended during periods of very strong winds.

Massive afforestation for control of dust

Spraying of water on sub grade stacks

The vehicles and machinery are kept in well-maintained condition so that

emission of fugitive constituents is minimized.




Plantation of wide leaf trees, creepers, tall grass around working pit, along roads

will help suppress dust.

Tall trees with an average height of 5 m will be developed all along the boundary

of the lease area to minimize the dispersion of the dust from the mining.

Periodical monitoring of air quality to take steps to control the pollutants.

4.2.1 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH & SAFETY MEASURES

All the precautions would be adopted to prevent dust generation at site and to be

dispersed into the outer environment. However, for the safety of workers at site, engaged

at strategic locations/dust generation points like drilling, loading and unloading points,

etc., dust masks would be provided. Dust masks would prevent inhalation of RSPM

thereby reducing the risk of lung diseases and other respiratory disorders. Regular health

monitoring of workers will be carried out.

4.3 NOISE POLLUTION CONTROL MEASURES

The ambient noise level monitoring is carried out in and around the proposed mine shows

that ambient noise levels are well within the stipulated limits of CPCB.

Noise generation may be for an instant, intermittent or for continuous periods, with low

to high decibels. Periodic inspection and checks of the risk prone areas and equipments

have to be conducted.

To control noise pollution during the proposed mining operations following steps will be

practiced.

The noise generated by the machinery will be reduced by proper lubrication of the

machinery and equipment.

The workers employed should be provided with personal hearing protection

equipment, with earmuffs and earplugs combined, as a protection from the high

noise level generated at the plant site.

The provision of green barrier along the boundary will further reduce the

propagation of noise level generated.




Limiting time exposure of workers to excessive noise.

Speed of trucks entering or leaving the mine is limited to moderate speed of 25

kmph to prevent undue noise from empty tippers.

4.4 WATER POLLUTION CONTROL MEASURES

The action program for minimizing adverse affects on water regime is to prevent wash-

off of mine water and uncontrolled run-off water during monsoon. Proposed measures for

this are as follows:

a) Building/extending of retention/toe walls at the foot of the dumps

b) Construction of Garland drains along the slopes to divert the rainwater course

away from the dumping areas.

c) Covering of dump slopes with grass plantation to stabilize and prevent erosion.

d) Plantation of trees along the ridges and slopes.

4.5 LAND ENVIRONMENT

The Dhanbad declaration on Environmental Management in Mining Industry states “It is

imperative that in order to ensure the continued and sustained progress of the mining

industry in India, the environmental dimensions should be integrated into the planning,

design, development, operation and working practices of quarry on scientific and rational

lines, by the Governments and the industry in a mutually reinforcing manner”. The land

related Environmental Management Plan (EMP) has been presented here under two

sections viz., Soil & Water conservation and Afforestation.

Storage and Reuse of Top Soil:

Topsoil removed during clearing of the area for granite extraction shall be stacked

separately to check the erosion of the stacked soil. A retaining wall shall be constructed

all around the topsoil stockyard. Planting of grass and local species etc., are proposed on

the surface of this stack to prevent erosion and to increase the soil nitrogen. As per the




analysis of the soil samples they are found to be basic in nature. During afforestation, it is

recommended to plant fast growing species with good canopy cover and dense leaf

density and some ornamental species to give a good aesthetic look. It is recommended to

sow neem, mahogany plants as soil and climatic conditions are suitable for the growth of

these plants.

Solid Waste Management

Removal of weathered rock and the rock waste is the only solid waste that will be

generated from this mine. Some of the material from the waste may be sorted out and

used for making small blocks to be used by the local unit for making tiles. The market for

tiles is good at the moment and they will offer a better substitute for marble in terms of

price and quality. Some rejected and unsorted material may be used in the civil

engineering projects in the vicinity of the area. The waste material can also be crushed

into smaller sizes and can be used as road metal

About 21144 m3/Year of waste will be generated from this mine. For achieving this

production 97,080.00 M3 of Rock Mass will be excavated and 77,664.00 M

3 of

Waste will be generated.

The waste that will be generated during the mining will be dumped along the SE of

the quarry lease area between the grids N 00 – 100 & E 00 – 50 over an area of

2,360 M2 with an average height of 6 M with 45

0 slope angle will be formed. A

retaining wall will be constructed around the dump for preventing the slating of

boulders.

Quantity (Cum/Year)

Particulars Present After Proposed Expansion

Waste Rock 2231 21144

Stabilization and vegetation of dumps:

The dumps will be stabilized and shaped trapezoidally. The angle of repose will be in

such a manner that the run off of material will be avoided. The trench will be dug around

the dump to avoid run off. The dumps will be safe-guarded by plantation of trees along




the slope and of the soil cover area. In first five years, it is planned to undertake

plantation of 50 trees per year on the slope of the dump, depending on facilities available.

Land Restoration/Reclamation:

Land restoration or reclamation of the area is very essential in any mining industry.

Proper measures adopted during restoration will control most of the adverse

environmental impacts of Quarry and also improve the aesthetic beauty of the area. Due

to the Quarry activities in this area the profile of the ground will change due to formation

of pits. At the end of the Quarry operations, the top soil/mineral rejects will be utilized

for back filling wherever suitable and rehabilitated.

Following steps shall be taken for improving and protecting the environment.

a) Quarry lease area

b) Surrounding the Quarry lease area.

c) Surrounding the statutory buildings

d) On the undisturbed virgin lease area.

Surrounding the Mining area

The dust generated during the quarrying operations will be carried by wind and will be

deposited over the trees and on the adjacent area around the quarry in the buffer zone. To

filter this dust, a green belt of 10m width shall be developed along the quarry lease area

i.e., around ultimate pit limit, this green belt will also act as sound barrier. In between the

tree saplings, grass and bushes shall be grown. Creation of the green belt around the lease

areas shall be undertaken on priority basis and shall be completed concurrent to Quarry

over a 10-year period.

Surrounding the statutory buildings

All around the proposed statutory buildings and along the road sides trees shall be planted

in addition to the existing ones which will protect the workers from the noise and dust.

To plant trees around the statutory buildings, the topsoil that is going to be mined from

the area shall be laid to form a strip of 10-15m width and 0.5m thickness.




On the undisturbed virgin lease area:

The undisturbed virgin lease area shall be utilized for afforestation purposes by

developing the area with local varieties. This work shall be done after the cessation of

Quarry operations.

Afforestation Plan:

In every year about 20 meters length of buffer zone are utilized for afforestation

programme and was carried by planting 10 Neem plants in the boundary barrier on the

South western side of the quarry lease area.

Apart from the green belts and aesthetic plantation for eliminating fugitive emissions and

noise control, all other massive plantation efforts shall be decided and executed with the

assistance and co-operation of the local community. Based on the community needs the

afforestation would mainly aim at:

a) Protection & Development of Natural Vegetation

b) Protection of soil erosion

c) Plantations of fuel wood blocks to meet the energy requirements.

4.6 SOCIO ECONOMIC BENEFITS

There is positive impact on socio-economics of people living in the villages. The villages

in buffer zone depend upon agriculture. Mining operations in the subject area has positive

impact by providing direct and indirect job opportunities. There will be indirect

employment opportunities in transportation of ore to destination.

4.7 POST PROJECT MONITORING

The Lessee will monitor the environmental parameters as per APPCB/IBM/CPCB

guidelines

4.8 IMPLEMENTATION OF EMP & MONITORING PROGRAMME

The environment management plan is detailed on the basis of impact assessment. Control

and mitigation measures for the adverse impacts envisaged. As the major environmental

attributes have been confined to the project area alone, implementations of the proposed

control measures and monitoring thereof will be undertaken on the regional basis. The




Lessee will ensure the implementation of the measures within the mine area and carryout

efficient monitoring. In order to implement the measures suggested for mitigating the

adverse impacts on the environment, it is suggested to monitor the environmental

parameters regularly.

The details of investments to carryout the regular monitoring and pollution control

measures are given below in table – 2.

Table – 2: Cost of Environmental Protection Measures for the existing production of

397 cum/year of production (in Rs.)

Capital Cost-6.0 Lakhs and recurring cost -3.26 Lakhs

Table – 3: Cost of Environmental Protection Measures for proposed expansion of

production of 5286 Cum/year of Production (in Rs.)

Sl.No Description Item Capital

Cost

Recuring

Cost Remarks

1 Air Pollution

Nose Marks 200 No's - 4,000.00 Replaceable, and cost

can increase with time

Cloth for drillers 100

no 1.0m each. - 6,000.00 Issued thrice in a year

Gunny bags for

covering the surface

of jackhammer holes

- 4,000.00 As and when needed

Road wetting and

plant water feeding 50,000.00 150,000.00

Water tanker cost @

three tankers per day

for 8 months

Plantation on road

side plus maintenance 40,000.00 30,000.00

Re-plant the non-

surviving plants

2 Water

Pollution

Construction of

garland drains 140,000.00 50,000.00

Once only (For

manual de-silting)

De-silting operations - 20,000.00 Yearly and manual

operations

Construction of check

dams 60,000.00 30,000.00

Once in year, cost

incurred is to buy

sand bags and filling

sand

Construction of

retaining wall for

waste dump

180,000.00 45,000.00

Cost of construction

of wall around the dip

side of the dump.

3

Noise

Pollution

Maintenance of

machinery suitably –

Rs. 4000 per 3

months

40,000.00 20,000.00 Included in main cost




PPE’s like Ear muffs

– Rs. 15 each 8,000.00 3,000.00 Once in six months

4

Occupational

Health &

Safety

Providing First aid

kits – 4 No’s and fire

extinguishers – 5

No’s

8,000.00 4,000.00

Once in year, replace

by conducting

periodical checkup

Providing Personal

protective equipments

to all employees

(hand gloves, safety

shoe and helmets)

40,000.00 23,000.00

Included in air

pollution and noise

pollution

Training and

awareness programs

on risk factors during

emergencies by the

experts

15,000.00 10,000.00

Once in six months

and create sign boards

about the risk and

safety precautions

regularly

Periodical medical

checkup and supply

of medicines – Rs.

200 per head

6,000.00 2,000.00

Once in a year and

supply of medicines

for every three

months

5 Environmental

monitoring

Ambient air quality

studies – Once in six

months – 3 locations

- 25,000.00

MoEF /NABL

recognized

laboratories

Water quality studies

– Once a year – 3

Locations

- 8,000.00

Noise studies – once

in six months – 3

Locations

- 7,000.00

Vibration studies –

Once in year – 1

location

- 10,000.00

6 CSR

Activities

For providing School

uniform, Books and

health camp etc.

150,000.00 100,000.00

TOTAL 737,000.00 551,000.00

The applicant will adhere to all the terms & conditions laid in respect of safe working

keeping in view of the sustainable Environmental Management and will comply with the

provisions of the Environmental Protection Act-1986, The Mines Act-1952 & Mineral

Conservation & Development Rules-1988 and any other Rules notified from time to time.




CONCLUSIONS, SUGGESTIONS/RECOMMENDATIONS

The Mining method proposed as per the approved Mining Plan from Dept. of Mines &

Geology is small-scale semi mechanical mining activities without deployment of deep

hole drilling and use of Heavy machinery. The actual method of mining Colour Granite is

by slicing. Based on the appraisal of the existing environmental scenario coupled with

the assessment studies carried out, it is concluded that there is no long term

environmental impact due to the Colour Granite quarry at the lease area.

The particulate matter getting airborne from the mining activity gets dispersed in close

proximity itself and settles down early. The noise levels due to the proposed quarry

activity are also not of a higher order that calls for immediate corrective measures. The

ground water analysis indicates that the sources do not get influx of pollutants from the

quarry activity. There is positive socio-economic front in the surrounding region due to

the proposed mining industry. The practice of afforestation scheme is a step in the right

direction towards achieving ecological balance.

Suggestions/Recommendations

Even though there is no perceptible impact from the quarry activity on the environment of

the region, it is imperative that mitigative measures have got to be implemented on full

scale for creating environmental balance and intern maintain the ecology of the region.

The following suggestions/recommendations merit due consideration in this regard.

As no control over wind can be exercised, the frequency of the dust

suppression measures like constant watering of the haul roads shall be

practiced.

Afforestation as envisaged in the mining plan is to be carried out so that it

not only enhances the green canopy but also stop the spread of dust

particles and air borne pollutants.

Surface water conservation measures and groundwater recharge be given

high priority.

1 - introduction · 2018. 10. 10. · emp report for colour granite mine of 2.00 ha, located in...

Documents