1 billion “stars” barolo 2001 attilio ferrari istituto nazionale di astrofisica
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1 BILLION “STARS”1 BILLION “STARS”
Barolo 2001
Attilio FerrariIstituto Nazionale di Astrofisica
The beginning (1988) The beginning (1988) 13 years ago …13 years ago …
The need of new approach to The need of new approach to astrometry for OATOastrometry for OATO
OATO people move to STScI to OATO people move to STScI to work work
for HST astrometryfor HST astrometry
The DSS The DSS and Barry and Barry LaskerLasker
The 1989 Memorandum of Understanding between STScI and
OATOon improving the photometric and
astrometric calibrations of GSC-I and the use of astrophysical data
The support of Riccardo Giacconi
The grand project The grand project (1989)(1989)
The HST guide star The HST guide star catalog as a catalog as a scientific tool, a scientific tool, a proposal to NASA proposal to NASA for GSC-IIfor GSC-II
Difficult times,Difficult times,but still going but still going aheadahead
A (risky) meeting in A (risky) meeting in Geneva (1990)Geneva (1990)
Crucial help from Crucial help from ASIASI
Memorandum of Memorandum of Understanding between STScI Understanding between STScI
and CRA (1995)and CRA (1995)PIs: B. Lasker and M. LattanziPIs: B. Lasker and M. Lattanzi
GSPC-II: photometric calibrations, GSPC-II: photometric calibrations, routine observations at La Sillaroutine observations at La Silla
Memorandum of Understanding Memorandum of Understanding between OATO and ECF to speed-up between OATO and ECF to speed-up
data reduction and calibrations (1997)data reduction and calibrations (1997)
The actions of CRAThe actions of CRACall for Proposals out to the Italian Call for Proposals out to the Italian
communitycommunityCoordinator: S. Sciortino (PA)Coordinator: S. Sciortino (PA)
Project Supervisors: Project Supervisors: F. Fusi-Pecci (BO) and L. Benacchio (PD)F. Fusi-Pecci (BO) and L. Benacchio (PD)
Hard work: plate scanning, Hard work: plate scanning, observations, calibrationsobservations, calibrations
• Constant support of CRA for a National project; scientific experiments• Resources of OATO (personnel, equipment, wine and “bagna caûda” sometimes)• An exceptionally friendly collaboration• The invaluable enthusiasm and unabated faith of Barry• New forces: ESA and ECF• A terrible 1999……
THE GUIDE STAR CATALOG THE GUIDE STAR CATALOG GSC-IIGSC-II
THE MOST COMPLETE CATALOG IN THE WORLDTHE MOST COMPLETE CATALOG IN THE WORLD
THE GUIDE STAR CATALOG THE GUIDE STAR CATALOG GSC-IIGSC-II
THE MOST COMPLETE CATALOG IN THE WORLDTHE MOST COMPLETE CATALOG IN THE WORLD
GSC2.2 All-Sky Map GSC2.2 All-Sky Map Galactic projectionGalactic projection
Total Number of Objects: 435,457,355
Number of Objects in the North: 165,405,323 (38%)
Number of Objects in the South: 270,052,032 (62%)
Number of Stars: 170,095,789 (39%)
No. of Non- Stars: (Galaxies and blended objects) 265,361,566 (61%)
FIRST PUBLIC RELEASE OF THE GSC II: THE GSC 2.2
RELEASED ON JUNE 4, 2001
Press release at http://oposite.stsci.edu/pubinfo/PR/2001/18/pr.html
Still work to do towardsStill work to do towards GSC 2.3 GSC 2.3
• Up to 1 billion objects Up to 1 billion objects down to m=22 in J and m=20 in Fdown to m=22 in J and m=20 in F• Proper motionsProper motions• CatalogCatalog• User’s interfacesUser’s interfaces• … … and finally scientific exploitationand finally scientific exploitation
Funds allocatedFunds allocated (personnel excluded) (personnel excluded)
60K $ 60K $ from the Italian Space Agency (1991-from the Italian Space Agency (1991-1992)1992)
40K $/year 40K $/year from CRA/OATO (1995-1999)from CRA/OATO (1995-1999)
280K $ 280K $ contracts from ESO/ECF (1998-1999)contracts from ESO/ECF (1998-1999)
20K $ 20K $ from OATO (2000)from OATO (2000)
2K $ 2K $ in kindin kind (wine and survival goods) (wine and survival goods)
TOTALTOTAL 402K $ less than 0.001$ per object ! 402K $ less than 0.001$ per object !
or ~ 2 ITL per objector ~ 2 ITL per object
or < 0.001 Barolo glasses per objector < 0.001 Barolo glasses per object
GSC-II - The Italian GSC-II - The Italian participationparticipation
Thanks to all !
OATOOATO M. Lattanzi, B. Bucciarelli, R. Casalegno, A. Ferrari, R. Pannunzio, R. Morbidelli, M. Sarasso, A. Spagna, R. Smart,
A. Volpicelli, A. Zacchei
STScISTScI B. McLean, M. Asbury, J. Garcia (Gemini), G. Greene, F. Gugliemetti, G. Hawkins (ESA), V. Laidler, C. Loomis, H. Jenkner, M. Meakes, J. Morrison, A. Rosenberg,
C. Sturch, R. White, D. Wolfe (Gemini)
ECFECF P. Benvenuti, N. Fourniol, R. Mignani, B. Pirenne