1 fzi forschungszentrum informatik | forschungsbereich information process engineering –...

1 FZI Forschungszentrum Informatik | Forschungsbereich Information Process Engineering – Intelligente Informationslogistik für eine vernetzte Welt

Semantic-enabled Agile Knowledge-based e-government

Nenad StojanovicFZI at the University of Karlsruhe

Grigoris Mentzas, Dimitris ApostolouICCS Athens

The Semantic Web meets eGovernment2006 AAAI Spring Symposium SeriesStanford University, California, USA, March 27-29, 20061


Agenda

Introduction

SWOT analysis

Attention Management


Introduction: As Is

Knowledge has been and is still government’s most important resource

However, knowledge is regularly localized or even personal and difficult to share. Consequently: a lot of “wheel reinventing” is going on in public administration the decision process still heavily depends on the knowledge of a

public servant Moreover, knowledge in public administrations is

subject to continual change: the environment in which an e-government system operates

can change public servants’ requirements often change after the e-

government system has been built, warranting system adaptation

the processing of unpredictable requests and exceptions arises unanticipated "knowledge needs”.

This is especially true for enlarged Europe


Introduction: To Be

It should be sufficiently flexible to adapt to changing and diverse environments and needs.

It should ensure continual improvement of the quality of the decision making process,

It should enable fully empowering of public administrators, by providing efficient access to knowledge needed to resolve cases rapidly and accurately.

Moreover, it should lay a foundation of a learning e-government that will be able to stimulate mobilisation and conversion of tacit knowledge on-demand and to foster trust and transparency, in order to achieve greater understanding, awareness and agility.


Introduction: The role of ontologies

Assumption: SW can enable/support transfer AsIs into ToBe

However, be realistic!


SWOT: The role of ontologies in eGovernment KM

Strengths: Ontologies can help in improving search

due to modeling background knowledge

Ontologies can support dealing with very heterogeneous knowledge sources due to their meta-modeling capabilities

Ontologies can support automatic validation / consistency of a KB in the case of changes due to their formal nature

Explosion of information

Extreme heterogeneity of information

Changeability of information



Weaknesses: Ontology development/evolution is a bottleneck

who will develop ontologies

Ontology population is a very big problem how to get facts

Performance problem speed, scalability

Relation to legacy systems Organizational/cultural issue

Especially regarding new technology

Standardization issues



Opportunities: A lot of tools are available for (semi-) automatic

ontology development and population There are efficient tools for reasoning There are ongoing standardization efforts There is a momentum SWEG



Threats: Successfully deployed real semantic applications in

public administration are missing even in the industry the success stories are missing

Ontology-based KM is still (after 5 years) “just” an interesting research topic Skill management Expert finder Document management

There are other (non-semantic) web technologies coming Web 2.0


Challenges

Explosion of information

Extreme heterogeneity of information

Changeability of information

Semantic search

Semantic modelling

Semantic propagation



Coined by T. Davenport "understanding and managing attention is now the single most

important determinant of business success." Thomas Davenport - The Attention Economy: Understanding the New Currency of Business


PA

SAKE

ContentMgm. Sys.

Context of the Case: „Driver Licence“AND „Iran“ AND

„Age=65“

Social tagging

Editorialprocess

Searching for virtual content

Index/Metadata

Information Repositories

This is easy

Situation 1: a PA resolves a case whose regulative has been changed recently

Warrning: The corresponding regulative has been changed

recently

Attention management scenario

CaseCaseProcesses Management System

Change Management


Law

Changes

Business Processes

reengineering

LessonsLearned

KnowledgeSources

SkillMap

Sem-ContentMgm. Sys.

Sem-GroupwareSystem

restructuringservices

social tagging

log

usage

...User

profiles

The architecture: InterfacesInformationOntology

DomainOntology

ProcessOntology

Metadata

tagging

services

log

SAKEOntology

context context

Explicit knowledge

Content MgmSem-Content

Mgm. Sys.logGroupware Sys

Knowlege Worker

Semantic-based Attention Management System

requests

alert

ONTOLOGY-BASED METADATAONTOLOGY-BASED METADATA

(including format for changes)

access


Law

Changes

Business Processes

reengineering

reediting

LessonsLearned

KnowledgeSources

SkillMap

Sem-ContentMgm. Sys.

TacitKn.

Sem-GroupwareSystem

Knowlege Workerrestructuringvirtual content

social tagging

log

usage

...User

profiles

The architectureInformationOntology

DomainOntology

ProcessOntology

Semantic-based Change Management

Metadata

tagging

virtual community

log

creating/forgetting

SAKEOntology

context context

Explicit knowledge


Thank you

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