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Editor, Derek Wing

Associate Editors:

Bert Meredith

Les Lewis

On the cover.Cover gui, Dana Zelenczuk, depictsthe tradton of Ukrainian Christmas,January 7, and penned this month's logoin Ukr&nan. A former rnod&, Dara'shusband, 8W, is a reflef foreman in theFBR building at the Copper Cliff smeiter.

January 1975 Volume 35. Number I

Published for employees by the OntarioDivision of The InemallonaI Ntcke)Company of Canada, Limited, CopperClift, Ontaflo, POM INO, 682-0631

Prints of most photographs appeatingn Ihe tr1anga may be ordered

dfroct from: Rene Oonne, 170 BolandAve., Sudbwy. Or cafl 874-0474.Cost: $2.50 each.

Employees at the Copper Cliff North mIne welcomed their 500th lady visitor,Marie Raymond. She was presented with a dozen roses and a plaque made froma piece of polished ore to commemorate the occasion. On hand for the presentationwere, from left, Mel Johnstone, maintenance general foreman, Ed Udeschini,president of the Copper Cliff Mines Association, and Marie's husband, Isadore,a drill fitter. The monthly ladies' underground tours provide the opportunity forwives and friends of employees to get a better idea of the surroundings in theareas where their husbands and friends spend their working hours.

AppointmentsLloyd Doucette, buyer, purchasing andwarehousing department.Jim Elliott, supervisor, purchasing andwarehousing, Shebandowan.Allan Headrick, Copper Cliff areasupervisor, employee relations.

Ken Langlile, senior construction co-ordinator, Copper Cliff generalengineering.Ron Poirler, foreman, Levack minewarehouse, purchasing andwarehousing department.

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Those "sleeping po'icemen" can sure wake you up

Ettore Pasto is a bricklayer at the Port Colborne nickelrefinery. He and his wife, Carmel, live in Welland withyoungsters, Assunta, 4, and Anthony, 1. Ettore's spare-time activities include wine-making.

Pat Geraghty is a maintenance mechanic at the Copper Cliffsmelter when he isn't the leader of the family band composedof his wife, Lorraine, Michael, 18, Kevin, 15, Colleen, 14,and Sheila, 6. Pet Randy completes the picture.

Norman Grimard, a sand feedman at Garson, with wife,Rose, and children, Valerie, 11, Kimberly, 7, andTerry, 6. "Missy", their miniature poodle, decided to sleepthrough the picture-taking session.

Alex Ogilvy, his wife, Mary Ann, and their two children,Aaron, 6, and Rebecca, 8. Alex is a garage mechanicat the Copper Cliff South mine. The Ogilvy family enjoyscamping in summer and snowmobiling in winter.

They're getting

Ed Owens, duplication co-ordinatorwith engineering and utilities at CopperCliff, is not what you'd call your averagemagician, but he's currently performinga feat that would have Houdini himselfgnashing his teeth in envy.

Ed's waving the magic wand ofmodern technology and reducing amountain of original engineering drawings- enough to fill an average-sizebedroom from wall to wall and from floorto ceiling - to a set of printable aperture

card-mounted 35 mm microfilmtransparencies that could easily fit intoa couple of your average-size suitcases.

With some dating back to the turn ofthe century, the number of drawingsunder Ed's jurisdiction has beengrowing by leaps and bounds. "Giveor take a few," he said, as he walkedthrough the engineering department'sstorage area, "when we consideredtackling the job back in the spring of'72, we figured we had close to 100,000

Smaller& Smaller

& Smaller& Smaller& Smaller

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drawings between here and anotherhalf-dozen plant locations."

The shrinking job about half done,Ed explained some details of theaccomplishment for "the triangle".

The original drawings, each accom-panied by three 7-inch by 3-inch aperturecards, appropriately numbered, titled andpre-punched by data processing, aresent to a processor in Toronto, who

Lifesize - an aperture card that rep/aces a fu//-size engineering drawing.

I I!H 1126

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THE IIfERNATIONAI.JICKEL OMPANY OF CANAOA, LIMITED

(fleral Engrgerng Department1 u IiCopper Iiff, Ontario

U U

UMCLD $Y SCAN *COSST UMlT, T3*, ONTAPO DAKOTA MAOC 4 U3.A.

Programmer Reg IJohnson, left, and

duplication co-ordina -tor, Ed Owens. Onecomputer tape pro-

duces the three-volume drawing index

that contains detailsof 50000 engineering

drawings already filed,

produces one roll of 35 mm originalnegative film - three inches in diameterand about pocket-size - that records noless than 500 drawings. From this roll, theprocessor then makes two sets of mylarcopy negatives mounted in aperturecards, and one set of mylar copypositives also mounted in aperture cards,

Returned to Copper Cliff, the roll oforiginal negative film is stored in afireproof vault at the general office. Oneset of mylar negative aperture cards isfiled at the engineering building forviewing, while the duplicate set is issuedfor viewing to maintenance departmentsat the appropriate plants concerned. Theset of mylar positive aperture cards isfiled and used for printing at generalengineering.

The old-style one-only file system,comprising cabinets of individual cardsfor each drawing, has gone out thewindow,

The replacement system, complete onone computer tape, consists of three1,200-page print-out volumes that areduplicated for use at all plantsconcerned,

Making a search for a drawingreasonably simple, each of the threevolumes is a duplicate list of all drawings

Printer, Ted Woolman,ready to make a print

from an aperturecard, The automated

production printer iscapable of producingprints or transparen-

cies varying in sizeup to the size of the

original drawing,

At the Copper C//Ilnickel refinery, printer,Jack Anderson andmaintenance clerk-stenographer, LillianLandry, check aperturecards with engineer-ing drawings con-cerning revisionsand additions.

They're gettingA Smaller

& Smaller& Smaller, & Smaller

&Smafle&SmIer

A designer withgeneral engineering's

conceptual designgroup, John Zenkerviews aperture card

drawings. Steno ter-minal operator, Anna

DiPietro, selects cardsfrom the 50,000already on file.

on file but each lists the drawings in adifferent manner: Volume I lists draw-ings by plant and drawing number,volume U lists by plant, area code,subject and subject detail, whilevolume lEE lists by subject, subjectdetail, plant and area code.

Quite an achievement and quite animprovement - but there's more. Ed hasanother trick up his sleeve.

Using a system called Microfiche,we're planning to microfilm the index.We'll be able to put 200 pages of indexon a piece of film just four inches bysix inches," he said with a grin, andthat's not all. Using Microfiche, we cantake advantage of the fact that manu-facturers of process equipment canprovide us with miniaturized film ofcatalogues and spare part listings - youknow, there's no telling where all thiswill end."

at McGill UniversityThe department of mining and

metallurgical engineering at McGillUniversity, Montreal, offers undergraduateentrance scholarships to qualifiedstudents who plan to register with thedepartment in September, 1975. Eachscholarship has a value of $1,000, with amaximum of ten scholarships per yearavailable to students enrolling in themining engineering programme, and tenper year to students entering the metal-lurgical engineering programme.

The majority of scholarships will beawarded after the 1974 fall semesterresults are available in February

1975. In cases of outstanding merit,scholarship awards may be made earlier.

Students who wish to be consideredfor one of these scholarships mustcomplete an application form. Theseforms, and detailed information, may beobtained by writing:

Professor W. M. Williams,Chairman,Department of Mining andMetallurgical Engineering,P.O. Box 6070, Station A,Montreal, Quebec.H3C 3G1

at Cambrian CollegeTwo Cambrian College students were

presented with Inco bursaries during arecent luncheon at the Copper Cliff Club.The bursaries cover the cost of one year'stuition and include a $300 cash grant.

The two second-year students receivingbursaries were Helene Huot, librarytechnology, and Bob Swain, civiltechnology. In addition to the amountgiven the students, their respectivedepartments each received a grant of$250.

The Inco open scholarship wasinitiated in 1970 and is awarded tosecond or third-year students who havedemonstrated consistent outstandingacademic ability and, in the opinion ofCambrian's scholastic committee, wouldbe most likely to make significantcontributions to the community.

Representatives from Inco and Cambrian College. They are, from left, Vince Orlando,superintendent of lnco's Copper Cliff office services, John Koski, president of Cambrian,Helene Huot and Bob Swain, scholarship winners, Wayne Brown, Cambrian's chairmanof civil engineering, Kathy Wagner, co-ordinator of Cambrian's library technician programme,and Don Bradley, Inco's manager of engineering.

At the Port Colborne nickel refinery, bunker "C" fuel oil is used for reducingnickel oxide in the anode furnaces, as well as for fueling the power house boiler, theiron slimes dryer, and other equipment. The last lake tanker load for 1974 arrivedearly in December at the company's unloading facility adjacent to the lakeside refinery.

The lake tankers each carry from 700,000 to 1500,000 gallons of oil, which ispumped from the ship to storage tanks through 3,900foot long, eighttotwelveinchdiameter underground pipelines. In order that the oil will flow, it is preheated on theboat to a minimum of 125°F. and pumped at pressures up to 100 pounds per squareinch. Stored in insulated tanks on shore, the oil is heated by submerged steam coilswhich maintain an oil temperature of 100 to 120°F. The unloading of an oil boatrequires from 16 to 30 hours, depending on the type and quantity of oil, and groundtemperature.

Because of transportation costs, it's important that sufficient oil is unloaded andstored during the shipping season, as the St. Lawrence Seaway and the WellandCanal, through which the ships must travel, both close during the winter months.

Bunker "C" is purchased from Sarnia, Montreal, Clarkson and the Caribbean.On arrival, the mechanical department pipefitting crew unload the boat and monitorthe pipelines and tank levels.

After an oil boat has been unloaded, the lines must be cleared, as the oil, ifallowed to cool, will take on the texture of toothpaste; in fact, at very low temperatures,bunker "C" fuel oil is hard enough to walk on.

To clear the lines, compressed air is pumped through them and blown into thestorage tanks. By alternately opening and closing valves, slugs of oil can be movedfrom the lines into the tanks. After this has been done, the lines are closed at bothends and are ready for the next shipment which, for the Port Colborne nickel refinery,will arrive after spring breakup.

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On top of one of the refinery'sstorage tanks, Hormidas Charleboischecks incoming oil.

With the oil tanker securely tied to the dock, pipe fitterHormidas Charlebois carefully makes the shipto-shorepipeline connection.

A very thick oil, bunker "C" is heated on-board to about 125°F.At that temperature it flows freely and can be handled by on-shorepumps.

At the pumping station, Glen Roach,anode department foreman, switchesincoming oil,

The end of its journey. Bunker "C" entersan anode furnace. Furnaceman is DonatoDonofrio.

bell will ring

from

St. Christopher's

WeU, it sure didn't take ong to find anew home for Maria BeU Owner, DonPierce, was swamped with requests assoon as the November 1974 issue of "thetriangle", carrying Maria's story, waspublished - many thanks to our readersfor the overwhelming response!

MariaAs you'll recall, Maria is the 72-year-old

400-pound bronze bell that was originallyhoused in the tower of the old VictoriaMines' church which stood, near CreanHill, from 1898 to 1958. Don found thebe!! abandoned in a barn some ten yearsago and, since then, has held himselfresponsible for her welfare.

However, this past fall he let "thetriangle" know that he was willing torelinquish her in favour of a newpermanent location that would ideally, forlocal historical purposes, be right herein the north.

But Maria's beauty and charm were notto go unnoticed; her obvious popularityresulted in offers pouring in from as faraway as Port Colborne, Thunder Bay, andThompson, Manitoba - from individualsand groups - from bell collectors,museums, and churches - with cashoffers, in one particular case, starting at$250 with transportation paid There waseven one fellow who wanted to installMaria by his poo!

But Don was holding out for the oneoffer hed been hoping for and, as itturned out, his patience was rewarded -with a little help from Edward Kiviaho,

Awaiting Maria Bell - from left, ReverendJoe Hompes, Sandy Butler, Edward Kiviaho,and his daughter-inlaw, Linda, with children,Todd and Marnie.

Father Joe pauses for a moment to quietly welcome Maria to her new home.A reminder of days gone by, the 400-pound bronze bell, now almost 73years old, was originally housed in the tower of the old church which stood,from 1898 to 1958, at Victoria Mines' townsite, near Crean Hill.

Lending a hand to lower the bell into position- from left, Don Pierce, bell donor, withFather Joe, Sandy Butler, Edward Kiviaho,and Ray Wheaton.

comes24 years with Inco and currently a cagetender at Crean Hill. Ed, having read theNovember article, wondered if Mariacould possibly be of interest to the parishpriest at St. Christopher's Roman CatholicChurch in Whitefish; he asked hisdaughter-in-law, Linda, to mention it tothe good father.

Now, it just so happened that the priestin question, Reverend Joe Hompes, hadfirst heard of Maria when he came to theparish in 1960. Knowing the history ofthe bell and its significance to his parish,he had, in fact, been on the look-out forany information regarding her where-abouts.

Little did he know that for the past tenyears, the very bell he'd been searchingfor was less than half a mile away!

Thanks to the Kiviahos, a very hopefuland excited Father Joe contacted DonPierce; the discovery of Maria as theoriginal parish bell ended a 15-yearsearch, and Don was more than wiHing todonate her to the church - the veryhome he'd been hoping for!

So its more than just coincidence thatMaria Bell, after a lengthy absence, has

homereturned to preside over her originalparish. She was moved from Don'sWhitefish home to St. Christopher's,where an audience of interested parish-ioners and municipal dignitaries hadgathered for the event.

Ever so gently, Maria was gracefully

lowered to her new location on thegrounds of the church. Come springtime,a concrete cairn will be built for herand, once again, she'll ring in theservices - the purpose for which shewas originally intended.

Welcome back, Maria

Interested parishioners and local town dignitaries turned out to watch Mariabeing settled Into her new home. She now presides over the north cornerof St. Christopher's Roman Catholic Church in Whitefish, and will soon beheard ringing in church services.

Home at last! Maria snuggles in for the winter, awaiting the springtimeconstruction of a concrete cairn. She's surrounded by, from left, Waldenmayor, Tom Davies, Sandy Butler, Don Pierce, and Father Joe Hompes.All feel that Maria's return is significant to the history of the parish.

Machinist, Norm Be/anger,in the machine Shop.Interested observers are,from /tt, Charlie andMargaret Hastie and SianRacicot with wife, Marg,and daughter, Bonnie.Stan is a winder in thewinding shop.

The term open house" usually bringsto mind thoughts of a real estatecompany trying to interest people in oneof its new houses. But, in this case, itrefers to an event that occurred at theCopper Cliff smelter central shops.

Families of the 385 shop employeeswere invited to see what's happeningthese days along shops alley". Every

Up ourshop was open and all had employees onthe job for Inco's version of 'openhouse"

About 500 visitors toured the facilitiesduring the affair, which was held on twoconsecutive Saturdays. After signing theregister at the reception area in thegeneral office building, the visitors weregiven hard hats and safety glasses before

being bussed to the shops' garage. Fromthere they were free to wander throughany shop and ask questions, finallyending up at the preventative main-tenance office for coffee and donuts.

It was the first time the shops had beenopen to the public and, according tocentral shops superintendent Bill VanAllen, It was a rousing success."

Alley

Leno Caverson and wife,lnez, in the p/ate shop,

with sons David and Daleinspecting a stainlesssteel expansion /oint J

s/a ted for installation inthe F.B.R. building.Leno is foreman of

the plate shop.

The ouch! is out, and all that's left is a tickle a nickeltickle! Jet-powered nckel-plated drillng equipment has certainlymade life in the dentist's chaft much more agreeable.

Tungsten carbide dental drills are nickel-plated to preventcorrosion.

Jet agenickelNickel plating extends life of engine and landing gearcomponents on lets.

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technological

advances

depend on

nickel

The tiny drlls, called burs, are driven by air turbines atspeeds of over 400000 rpm., and prepare cavities for filling in amatter of seconds. This welcome contribution to painlessdentistry is due, in great part, to the efforts of a Canadiancompany, Beavers Dental Products Limited, combined with theavailability of nickel.

For every action theres a reaction, and the new tools,developed to last up to fifty times longer than previous low-speedbelt-driven equipment, had to be protected from rust.

Some form of plating was called for, but it had to be aprocess that was compatible with extremely close manufacturingtolerances, said Beavers plant superintendent. The protectivecoating had to deposit with an absolute uniformity that could beallowed for in machining operations. Chrome plating had to beruled out for that reason, They found their answer in nickelplating.

Similar techniques have also been put to use at Air Canadasnew maintenance base at Montreal International Airport; heavynickel plating on worn engine parts restores fit and extends thelife of jet aircraft components.

The extent of wear may be barely visible, but, because ofstringent specifications, is sufficient to require costly replacement;substantial savings now result from salvaging these units whichare first built up with a nickel deposit of up to .025 inches inthickness, then levelled off by machining.

The nickel deposit provides an excellent combination oftoughness and wearing qualities, together with ductility, that arejust right for this application, said the general foreman of theplating and heat treat process at the base.

And so, jet-age nickel is performing for the dentist, for AirCanada, and, of course, for you! Watch for more nickel uses inupcoming issues of the triangle.

slowlbi

surely.

they'recoming

back

The lichens are coming! The lichensare coming! So might Paul Revere haveshouted, had he lived today in theSudbury area.

This time, however, good old Paulwould have been the bearer of goodnews. You see, certain species of lichenshave begun to grow where they couldnot formerly be found in Sudbury, andthis greater concentration of lichens issomething we should all be happy about.

Why? Because the appearance oflichens tells of bigger and better thingsto come - like moss, grass and shrubsentering areas lacking vegetation.

But before we get ahead of ourselves,perhaps you'd like to know what lichensactually are; after all, it's not exactly

common knowledge, even though you'veprobably seen them before.

First of all, it might interest you toknow that the word "lichens" is usuaUypronounced 'Ukens" or 'Ut-chens".

Lichens are a combination of twoprimitive organisms; one, a green algaeand the other, a fungus, both living to-gether in a single unit. They are plantswith no roots, stems, or leaves. Oftengray or green in colour, they can also bebrown, orange, yellow or black. They'reusually flat and anchored to rocks, treesand soil by their undersides.

One of the most interesting aspectsof these highly-complicated plants istheir extreme sensitivity to atmosphericpollution, particularly sulphur dioxide.Consequently, they are excellent for

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monitoring ground eve concentrations ofsu'phur dioxide.

Dr. David Richardson, associateprofessor and chairman of the bio'ogydepartment at Laurentian University, is ase'f-confessed ichen evangeUst.

He's become an authority on lichensthrough his exc'usive study of them since1963, and has written a book about theirro'e in the natura' wor'd and theirimportance to man. Entified "TheVanishing Lichens", the book wiH bepubUshed this year.

Because of Dr. Richardson's study ofichens in the Sudbury area, we wereab'e to earn that, since nco put its1,250-foot superstack into operation inAugust of 1972, there has been evidenceof an increased concentration of ichens

here. Though the difference is barelydiscernib'e at this time, because ichensgrow so sowy, they are definite'y hereand the future ooks brighter as steps arecontinued to make the air in the Sudburyarea c'eaner than that of any otherOntario industria' community.

Says Dr. Richardson, "There is nodoubt that the superstack has dramaticaHyreduced ground eve concentrations ofsu'phur dioxide. And as air pollutioneves are reduced, ichens, which haveadapted to the environmenta' conditions,move into the area."

Lichens form the earhest p'ant coveringon rock surfaces and eventually breakdown the rocks so that higher forms ofp'ant ife can grow. The cracks thatgradually appear in the rocks supportthe growth of mosses and grasses.

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Other than the aesthetic va'ue ofichens - that is, having b'ack rock

surfaces reUeved with patches of greenand gray ichens, there are also practicalva'ues. Certain species of moths feedexcusivey on ichens, it's a common foodof reindeer and, according to Dr. Richard-son, the Japanese eat the p'ant. It's beenused in the manufacture of perfumes -serving as a fixative - and, beforechemica' dyes were invented, in themanufacture of vegetab'e dyes forc'othing.

The resu'ts of studies on ichens by ateam of bio'ogists and chemists atLaurentian University, under the directionof Dr. Richardson and coHeague, Dr.Evert Nieboer, are referred to Incoenvironmentaflsts so that a fund ofknow'edge can be bui't up concerningSudbury's environment.

Inco's environmental effects expert, Bruce Ore/singer, left, with Laurentian's Dr. David Richard-son, centre, and Dr. Evert Nieboer. They are examining lichens under a low-power microscope.

Of all the new and modified miningequipment introduced at Inco minesrecently - and there has been consi-derable - one of the most exciting andimpressive is an electric-hydraulicthree-boom jumbo drill that must be seen- and heard - to be believed,

Machines of this type have been inoperation for some time in Europe, butthis is a first for Canadian mining, and,according to our mines engineeringdepartment, probably a first for thiscontinent.

Jumbo drills are not new; in fact, they'refast becoming standard equipment fordrilling in many underground operations.The standard jumbo drill mounts two orthree air-operated drills which, despitepresent-day technology, still produce ahigher decibel noise level than desirable;exhaust from such drills also creates adegree of mist.

The electric drill eliminates much of theproblem. It has three Montabert H-50hydraulic drills that operate with muchless noise, produce no fog or oil mist,and are capable of drill speeds almostdouble that of conventional drills. Jackand boom movements are smoother andfaster and, for the operator, it is a clearer,cleaner atmosphere in which to work.

The new machine is a four-wheel-drive,self-propelled unit and, like all standardthree-boom jumbos, is powered by a78-h.p. Deutz diesel engine. A 250-foottrailing cable allows it to be connectedto the nearest 550-volt power supply fordrilling. It can be quickly and easilymoved from heading to heading.

Electric motors drive the hydraulicpumps which provide the hydraulicpressure necessary for boom and jackmovement, and for drilling. This isrecognized as a more efficient use ofelectrical energy for drilling, compared tothe electrical energy required forcompressors on surface.

This new jumbo is an expensivemachine and, for economy's sake, musthave a minimum of down time. Optimumconditions for the most effective andeconomical operation are areas whereseveral headings are readily available fordrilling.

Creighton number three shaft has sucha multiple heading area on the 1325 level,with some eight headings available, andthat's where this great electric-hydraulicdrilling machine is currently putting on itsshow, drilling off drift headings in recordtime.

NewcomersDown Belowelectric drill

Ron Linvi/le at the controls of the new electric-hydraulic three-boom /umbo drill drilling ofanother fast round in 80.56 drill drift on the 1325 level at Creighton number three shaft.

One of several new service vehicles inoperation at lnco mines is the Eimco-962This great little runabout, a regularrubber-tired service truck, is a realworkhorse and ideally suited for takingmaterial to areas where trackless miningmethods are used.

Most material is transported under-ground on mine trucks which run ontracks on surface, in the cage, and atthe level station. In trackless areas,it is necessary, at the shaft station, totransfer the material from the mine truck

to another vehicle, such as a load-haul-dump machine for further transportation

Among other advantages, theEimco-962 has eliminated the transferoperation and can load materials, such astimber, powder, steel and parts, atthe source and take them directlyto the working place. It's 'cageable";that is, it's compact enough to enter astandard cage, it can be readily taken toany level, and then, under its own power,can quickly take the material to the workplace and return for another load.

It has a two-ton capacity and ahydraulic dump for unloading. Poweredby a 27-h.p. Deutz diesel engine, it'sparticularly agile and has great mobility.Hydraulic brakes are very effective andit's equipped with the latest in catalyticexhaust scrubbers.

On trial for about a year, this popularrunabout is now in service at the CopperCliff South mine and two similiar vehicleshave been received for other locations,a trend that will likely continue now thatthe Eimco-962 has definitely establisheditself.

service buggyOvila Seguin drives his Eimco-962 service vehicle of f the cage at the 1250 level atthe Copper Cliff South mine. Cagetenders are Barry Amber, left, and Sam Tarabalka.

Do you go to the theatre to bebombarded by hard-hitting realities -drugs, murder, anger, hate, rebellion?Are you always searching for deep andhidden messages in every stage play yousee? If your answer is no to either,or both, of these questions, read on!

Amateur theatres back in town,bringing with it loads of good fun and thekind of solid entertainment thatlI haveyou standing in line for tickets to the nextproduction of the Sudbury Little TheatreGuild.

S.L.T.G.Amateur though the organization may

be, professional is the result on stage!In spite of its inactivity for the past twoyears, plus unsettling drawbacks such ashaving to beg, borrow and steal forprops, sets, and costumes, the guildsfirst production of the 1974-75 seasonwas a resounding success!

The two evening performances saw thepresentation of a hilarious farce entitledSee How They Run directed by our

own George Bernie MacMillan secre-

Betty and Bert. A study of hands andfeatures in action.

Director Bernie" MacMillan app lies finishing touches to Sue Tates makeupwhile producer, Pat Kusinskis assists Rita Dennis with a last-minute hair-do.

Back in businesstary to the president of the Ontariodivision.

"Bernie's many years of theatreexperience were evident in his capabledirection of the play, and the "ham" inhim surfaced in his cameo role of thesergeant in search of an escaped convict.It was obvious that "Bernie' enjoys everyfacet of the theatre, particularly when wefound him filling in as make-up man.

Inco's involvement with the play wenteven further - one of the outstanding

performances was that of Bert Meredith,associate editor of "the triangle andeditor of "IN Touch'. Bert portrayed asupposed sedate bishop, and had themannerisms and expressions down patas he bustled about in nightshirt and cap

Betty Chesterman - husband, Peter,is in the general engineering office -was delightful in her interpretation of acockney maid; the image was furtherenhanced by a dazzling "night out"costume, complete with bangles andbeads.

Another highlight of the play was therole of a straight-laced spinster, playedby Sue Tate - husband, Rod, is in thegeology department. Sue literally threwherself into the character of a teetotaler-turned-drunk, and the result washilariously convincing.

The Reverend Lionel Toop was ablyplayed by Bill Gardner, and the part ofMrs. Toop was played by an obviouslyaccomplished actress, Rita Dennis, neePrice, and a former secretary with Inco.Her role was probably one of the moredifficult, in the sense that she was the"straight man" in a play almost whollydevoid of serious moments.

Other members of the cast were FrankFournier as the corporal, who, at times,was a bit too boisterous over the loss ofhis uniform; Phil Kennedy as the escapedRussian convict - an excellent portrayal,with credible accent, and Jon Kleppe asthe Reverend Arthur Humphrey. Jon isthe youngest member of the theatre guild,and an up-and-coming talent.

Says "Bernie" of the guild's two-yearvacation from the stage, "We never died;we just went to sleep for awhile".

Thanks to a nucleus of some deter-mined members, the guild is "alive andwell and living in Sudbury", providingfine entertainment for those who appre-ciate the lighter side of life. People likeElsie McLeod, the only life member ofthe guild; Bert Meredith's wife, Fran,who's been working behind the scenessince the guild began; Claudia Rinne,current president and a staunch supporterof the guild, and a host of others allplugged to get the guild back on its feet.

Thank goodness the Sudbury LittleTheatre Guild is no Rip Van Winkle -we can look forward to its nextproduction in March!

The bishop and the maid. Veteran Sudbury Little Theatre Guild perlormers Betty Chestermanand the triangle' associate editor, Bert Meredith, emote on-stage.

Time was, when son was expected tofollow father's footsteps and carry on thefamfly business; but, ike most everythingelse today, that too has changed. Takethe Pentneys, for example:-

For years, Fred Pentney was respon-sible for the maintenance of Creightonsnumber three shaft skip hoist, Why, Fredcould remember looking after his babyback in '35, when only two shafts wereoperating - number three surface, andnumber four underground - and numberfive was just being sunk.

25 million tons of ore in its time, to acage hoist, He knew it had been boughtand instaed, spanking new, in 1916;in fact, Fred knew just about everythingthere was to know about number threehoist, and had even changed its originaldesign.

Those were the days, and Fred stayedby his hoist right up till he retired in 66as master mechanic (maintenancesuperintendent) of Creighton mine.Proud Fred.

Now, just about that time, son Harry,who'd been with lnco since 1952 and hadspent a good many years in purchasingand warehousing, was dreaming up waysto make better use of Inco's obsoleteequipment.

He had a plan. And like most goodplans, it was put into effect, even thoughon an eighteen-month trial basis. Thus,in 1972, a central surplus disposal depotcame into being, located at the Frood-Stobie complex.

Then, in 1970, the hoist retired too - With all his experience and knowledge.He saw his hoist change over, in 51 repiaced by trackless mining vehicles it was a logical move for Harry to be

from a skip hoist, which had raised about travelling a spiral ramp. appointed supervisor of the depot and,

as such, be responsible for the disposalof the Ontario division's surplusequipment, much of which is useable,but, for Inco's purposes, obsolete due totechnological advances.

Well. Can you see where all this isleading? Yup, Harry's just sold Creigh-ton's number three hoist - the very onehis father tended for over thirty years.

But all is not lost, for the sale toAssociated Porcupine Mines will keep thehoist in operation, and Fred's somewhatconsoled by the fact that "the hoist willbe put to use, rather than scrapped".

Harry was officially notified last Augustthat the hoist was to be disposed of, andactually had it sold by the 30th of October- quite a feat, for, after all, how big canthe market be for a parallel double-drumWellman-Seaver-Morgan hoist withpositive-tooth clutch?

Since its inception in June of '72,the central surplus disposal depot hasseen the sale of almost eight milliondollars worth of surplus equipment,including internal and external sales, Nota bad record for a new concept that wason an eighteen-month trial run!

When asked what he thought of hiswork at the depot, a proud and satisfiedHarry Pentney smiled and said,"interesting, rewarding, and I'd like tenper cenU"

Nice thought, Harry, but how would youever dispose of that surplus cash?

Fred Pentney takes a last lingering look around the Creighton number threeshaft hoist room.

Creighton number three shaft hoist room back in '35. That's Dave Shutton the platform.

The Lalonde boys say they were bornin sight of lncos stacks and maybe thatswhy four of them now work for lnco,

Between Whatever the reason, when youve gotthree brothers with a combined service

th of 76 years in the transportation depart-em, ment at Copper Cliff, and a fourth brother,the loner, in the mechanical depart-

our ment at Frood-Stobie with another 28years service, there 's bound to be some

brothersfeedback.

After all, brothers arent supposed toget along that well - are they? Well,

four they do, according to Xyste, Leandre,Felix and Philippe Lalonde, who say theylike the idea of working together- for

have : the same company.

Of course, thats easy for Xyste to say.

One He works in the transportation departmentwith two of his brothers, but hes on adifferent shift and gets to see his

hundred brothers only when the shift changes.

And, its easy for Leandre to say. Hes

and way over at the Frood-Stobie mill and hegets to see his little brothers only onspecial occasions.

four But what about the twins? Felix andPhilippe have to see each other day afterday after day. And, as though thats notenough, they work on the same loco-

Three of the Lalonde brothers work with thetransportation department at Copper Cliff.With Howard Bolton, supervisor of rail opera-tions, are, from left, Felix, Philippe and Xyste.

motive. Felix, the eldest twin by fiveminutes, is a conductor on the sameengine on which Philippe is brakeman.Now, they don't look one bit alike, but onewould almost think of them as Siamesetwins - you can't get them apart.

But, thats what the Lalondes are allabout. They're from a family of ninechildren (two other brothers, Noel andAlfred, and three sisters, Gracia, Mariaand Stella), so it's no wonder they're aclose family unit.

The main unifying force rght now istheir 76-year-old mom, Florentine, whois still packing a lunch each day for herone "unattached" son, Xyste. But that'sno problem for Mom Lalonde - shecould do it blindfolded. Why, she remem-bers the days when she packed fivelunches each morning for her boys andher husband, Xavier, who himself spent39 years with Inco.

The Lalonde boys were born inCon iston and it was a combination oftheir dad working at the plant there andthe prospect of generous wages whicheventually lured the four to Inco.

Xyste was the eldest son, so he wasfirst to join his father as an Inco em-ployee. He had just turned 17 when heleft school and started working at the

Xyste & Leandre

& Felix &

Copper Cliff smelter. It was 1943 andjobs were hard to find. The 40 cents anhour, plus an eight cents per hour cost ofliving allowance, which he received asjunior labourer, looked good to him.

Leandre was the next to join. Onhis 18th birthday, 1946, he too startedwork at the Copper Cliff smelter trying hishand at a variety of jobs before movingto the machine shop.

Philippe tried working in a store for twoyears at a starting salary of $15 per weekand finally $27 a week, but Inco lookedbetter. The $45 a week at the mineseemed like big money and when hewas two weeks short of turning 18,he started working at the Conistonsmelter. It was June 25, 1951 and,coincidentally, it was on exactly that day,23 years later, that his son, Michel, joinedthe transportation department of Inco.

Felix, like his twin, held off for awhile and joined the ranks of the bakersfor two years in the Con iston Bakery -he kneaded the dough. He soon foundthat bread and pastry-making were nothis forte and at 19, started working forInco - one year after Philippe.

The boys were all living at home at thetime and working two different shifts,It was at this point that they became

Philippebridge addicts. f they worked days, theyplayed cards all night and if they workednights, they played cards until they wentto work. t was shift league hockey thatsaved the boys from joining bridgeaddicts anonymous. The four of themplayed on the same team for a couple ofyears, long enough to drag them awayfrom the card table.

Philippe was first to ask for a transferto the transportation department becausehe wanted to work outside. R was 1953when he got his transfer and suggestedthat Felix join him in the great outdoors.Thus went Felix to transportation. Finally,in 1972, Xyste went along for the ridewhen the slag dumpers were transferredto the transportation department. Atabout the same time, Leandre wastransferred from Copper Cliff to Frood-Stobie.

Even when the brothers retire fromInco, we can always be sure of a Lalondeor two around. The last time mamaLalonde made dinner for the family, therewere 52 asking for seconds. She has 39grandchildren and three greatgrandchildren.

Say the Lalondes: "Inco - werehere"

Railway talk. Xyste, left, is a slag dumper.Twin brothers, Felix, centre, and Philippe areon the same train crew. Felix is a conductorand Philippe a brakeman.

Leandre Lalonde. He's the only one of ourfour Lalonde brothers who does not work withthe transportation department - he's at theFrood-Stobie mill.

S

,1r,

Harold Dewar & Antonio Fragomeni

shared top award

V.

UGGE T1ON

1974 was a bumper year for just aboutevery aspect of Inco's suggestion awardplan. A total of $40790 was distributedfor 386 suggestions - and don't forgetthe two maximum awards of $5,000.

The suggestion plan is co-ordinated byindustrial engineering's Denis Lepage andhe has the help of numerous investigatorsand four committees to keep the planrunning.

The committees that comprise the plan

cover different areas, mines and mills, theIron Ore Recovery Plant, the Copper Cliffcopper refinery and the Copper Cliff smelter.

The committees meet on a rotating basisapproximately once every two weeks anddeal only with suggestions that originate fromtheir area. Once a suggestion is approved,the amount of money is determined by a setformula and then awarded to the individual inquestion.

There are no restrictions on submissions;you can submit as many suggestions as youwant, and if they're really good ones, you canwin cash up to a maximum of $5,000 eachmonth.

Now it's not likely to happen, but if youwon $5,000 a month for twelve months youwould win . . $60000 - almost as good asthe Olympic Lotteryl Suggestions requireskill, not luck, so good skill - and keep thosesuggestions rolling in.

make weet muic

Totalling $730, this months suggestionplan awards went to two plants - the CopperChff copper refinery and the Iron OreRecovery Plant.

Topping the list were Harold Dewar andAntonio Fragomeni from the copperrefinery. They split $155 for their idea toinstall adjustable skirting on the number twoconveyor in the pig storage area. Thisimprovement virtually eliminates the need toclean the conveyor assembly, therebyreducing wear on the tail pulley.

Robert Mikkola saw the need for gratingwalkways on the cooling towers at theI.O.R.P. He was given a $60 bonus.

Friedrich Zippel, also at the I.O.R.P.received two separate awards; $50 forproposing a power-loss safeguard for theSpectroVac machine and $10 for a doublepole switch application on the 125-volttransformer station battery.

Winning $45 was Josef Launch for hsidea to install flexible pipe on coohng rings atthe copper refnerys number three verticalfurnace.

Leo Vincent received two cheques this

month; $30 for seeing the need for a coverover narrow gauge pit tracks and $15 fordesigning racks to hold hydrogen bottles atthe copper refinery.

There were six $25 awards. Jim Armitage,I.O.R.P., suggested standardizing the colorson the emergency showers, while RealBergeron and John Chartrand, both at thecopper refinery, won their money for twoseparate ideas - Real, for suggesting ahigher handrail at the Loma saw conveyorand John, for his idea of installing warningsigns over the storage room door. BruceKillah, I.O.R.P., designed a new type ofswitch for the Kelly Lake water pumps andEddie Martin, copper refnery, clicked withtwo $25 awards - one for proposing abarricade across the starway at the sheetpreparation machine and the other for seeingthe need for mesh on the railing in thespoiled sheet storage area. Rounding out the$25 winners was Hubert McGibbon. He pro-posed an additional switch on Farval equip-ment at the l.O,R,P.

The five $20 winners were: Nick Beynen,copper refinery, for his dea to relocate a

Square-D switch at number nine crane;Philip Boudreau, I.O,R.P., for seeing theneed for stairs at the number tworecuperation fan: Harold Darcy, I.O,R.P. fordesigning water line changes at theemergency shower; Reg Park, I.O.R.P., forsuggesting a connection between two drainlines, and Jean Wolfe, also from the I,O.R.P.,for proposing a sign at the number oneexhaust fan switch.

Johannes Goedhard and Leeland Blois,I.O.R.P,, split $15 for designing a chain valveat the copper filter, Richard Brown, also atthe I.O.R.P,, pocketed $15 for envisoning ascreen in front of the heater fans in themachine shop. Harold Brydges saw theneed for a cover over the motor and pipes atnumber four saw at the copper refinery and s$15 richer. Maurice Lajeunesse, I.O.R.P.pcked up $1 5 for suggesting two waterhoses in the dead storage area. Cliff LeRoy,also at the l.O.R.P. received $15 forproposng an exhaust fan be installed n thereagent pumproom. The final $1 5 wnnerwas Stuart Moir, copper refnery. Stuart sawthe need for emergency lighting in the dry.

Clerk-stenographer, Kay Cuthbertson, and Inco suggestion award programme co-ordinator, Denis Lepage.

Bite of the

There's a new type of creature emerging on earth,We'll describe him to you for whatever it's worth,

He comes out of hiding in winter, we're told,He rejoices in weather that's terribly cold.

He leaves the warm fireside, his wife and his kids,Climbs onto a motor, a belt and two skids -

The machine comes to life and he's ready to goBut he can't, 'cause as yet there's no sign of snow.

For the past eighteen days he's been wearing a suitThat is covered with zippers from parka to boot,

With mittens and mask and helmet on head,"Good grief," says his wife, "must you wear that to bed?"

Then it finally happens, the ground has turned white,He's on his machine and he roars out of sight -

On the flat he'll crouch down, on the corners he'll lean,And they tell us his blood is now pure gasoline!

Over hills, over river, through marsh, around trees,Over rock-pile and sand-pit, yet down on his knees,

He looks like he's praying, as onward he flies,Is it man or a monster? - all we see are his eyes!

He'll go charging ahead when it's twenty below,Screaming into a blizzard of onrushing snow,

By what demon possessed is this new breed of manWho finds joy in a snowstorm like no human can?

I

But what happens in summer when snow is not there?Is he out on the porch in an old rocking chair?

No, he's inside the house for the whole world to see,Sitting there on his snowmobile, watching TV!

Snow Bug _ _

___ -

Fanatics are those who, in winter, defyThe laws of the land, and on snowmachines fly -

Hence the ultimate hope for the future of manIs the snowmobile expert who learns all he can.

A safe-minded sport he's aware that he drivesA machine that's been known to take other men's lives;

So before his ignition is touched with a keyHe's checked all equipment and gear carefully.

He's mastered the various riding techniquesAnd never gets frostbite on hands, feet or cheeks;

He dresses in windproof and waterproof suit,Complete from the helmet to goggles to boot.

It's a pleasure to see him each year when it snows,His sportsmanship follows wherever he goes -

Avoiding thin ice on the river and lake,He's oft on his snowmobile, sober, awake.

With journey mapped out, always sticking to trails,He carries a tool kit, in case something fails;

And when faced with emergency, panic won't showFor he knows all the laws of survival in snow.

And while he's enjoying his freedom machine,He watches for dangers and keeps his act clean;

Permission is granted before he will strayOn property posted with "please keep away".

Should he sometimes decide to go driving at night,He won't go alone, and he packs a flashlight;

And when he returns from his winter escape,He's all in one piece, safe from bandage and tape!

Inco ice.

A review of plant and shift hockey indicates an upswing of interest

MinesShift league hockey at the mines is

booming, and after a good season lastyear, this season promises to be evenbetter.

The league has a new name -'Sudbury Miners' Hockey League" -

plus three new entries, making it an eight-team league. Creighton, South mine andLittle Stobie are the additions. The otherteams are Coleman, Levack, Frood,Garson-Kirkwood, and Strathcona.

Early season games indicate thatCreighton could be one of the finalistsand, already, coach Eric Hodgins predictshis team will take the trophy.

President of the league, Ken Zayette,is also league statistician and takes aturn at officiating. Connie Pilon fromFrood is vice-president, with GerryKrumpschmit of Little Stobie, secretary.

The expanded league required moreice time, so games are played in CopperCliff, Chelmsford, Azilda, and Garson."It gives most teams a home ice,"explained Ken.

Coleman, top team the last two years,may be hardpressed to stay on top. Attime of writing they were running veryclose behind Creighton and Levack.

'The league is healthy and solvent,"Ken said. Some financial support comesfrom the local Athletic Association, but a

good portion of the expense is borneby the players. "These guys really wantto play hockey," he enthused.

In addition to his activities in the mineshift league, Ken also coaches a teamin the Copper Cliff shift league and, alongwith Harold Wall, is laying the ground-work for an all-Inco tournament at thenew Walden arena in April.

Reduction PJantsCopper Cliff shift league hockey is

alive and well and is, in fact, enjoyingone of its better seasons too. Leagueconvener, Ray Frattini, notes there is aresurgence of interest in the league. "Wehave two mine teams playing this yearand could have more if we could get theice time," he said.

As in the past, the league is in twosections: Day League and Night League,with the latter basically for steady dayworkers. There are two copper refineryteams in that section, with last year'swinner, Refinery number one team, againleading the league - Lively is a closesecond. The other teams are Warehouse,Refinery number two, and North Mine.

In the Day League, Separation is on topwith Creighton in second spot. Reverbs,Converters, and F. BR. are the other threeteams in that section.

Pat Soucy is doing a fine job asreferee-in-chief. Games are played at

Stanley Stadium in Copper Cliff, threemornings and two evenings each week.

Some teams have enlisted sponsors tohelp them out with the buying ofequipment; the local Athletic Associationsare contributors, and the teams areassessed an entry fee to help financethe league.

This season, for the first time, a scoringchamp is to be decided, and Ray Frattini,who is also league statistician, iscurrently in search of a suitable trophy.

Port ColborneWhile the Port Colborne nickel refineryhas no formal shift hockey league, abunch of the boys from "C" shift in theelectro-nickel department have arrangeda few challenge games. The boys in theold building tankhouse challenged theirconfreres in the new building to a seriesof matches, and the battle was on.

Ted "The Hammer" Creighton hasbeen masterminding the old buildingteam with Les "The Rocket" Smith callingthe plays for the opposition.

Games are played on Tuesday andThursday mornings, (when the boys areon 4-12 shift), at the Wainfleet CommunityCentre.

While the hockey would hardly raterecognition from pro scouts, the fellowsdo enjoy a good workout. As JeanLacroix points out, "with the odd mixture

Coleman#s Ian Laing flips a backhander past Creighton goalie, Mel Hibbs

of uniforms its tough to teU who's onwhat side," or is it the other way 'round?Any way you ook at it, it's fuffi

ShebandowanWhite shift eague hockey has not

blossomed at Inco's Shebandowan com-plex as yet, a good start has been madethis year with the formation of a teamwhich, this winter, is p'aying exhibitiongames in the Thunder Bay IndustrialHockey League.

Safety supervisor, Bud Rohn, ismanager, Sam Miflar is coach, and DougMathews is assistant coach. Teamcaptain is Ear' Woods, and formerCopper CHff shift eague p'ayer, JackYeo, is one of the stars on the team.

"We weren't sure how things wou'dgo," Bud exp'ained. "That's why we'reon'y p'aying exhibition games this year.Next year for sure we'U be in. We've hadgreat support from everybody"

The team is financed by sponsorcontributions, Ath'etic Associationdonations and by the p'ayers themse'ves."We've a'so he'd a coup'e of drawswhich he'ped out," said Bud.

The team, The nco Hyers, had p'ayedfour games at time of writing and had aone win, one tie, and two oss record.Not bad for a first year team in a prettytough eague.

A goal! Faces on the F.B.R. bench tell the story. From left, coach Dick Hobden,Carl Newton, Don Gummerson, Bill Lawson. Behind are George Begley, KarlVakiparta, Bob Scott, John Liba, and Frank Groenheyde.

At Port Colborne, the "sprawlers' are goalie Eddie Delyea being wellcoveredby Ted Creighton. Fern Plouffe is set for the rebound, and Jean Lacroix isbehind the net.

Action in the Industrial Hockey League at Thunder Bay. Inco's Shebandowar?complex administration versus plant personnel. Administration's Art Ger7eaurobs a forward 01 a sure goal.

Sixteenyear-old Suzanne Roy has been studying with theRoyal Conservatory of Music for almost half her life - shes nownto her eighth year of piano and, this past summer, tried her very

first exam with the conservatory. What with a lot of talent, andperhaps a touch of beginner's luck, Suzanne walked away witha silver medal, denoting the highest mark in Ontario - 89 percent - for her grade seven level of piano.

Suzanne studies with Sister Carmen at Marymount College,and plans to make a career of her music. Proud papa is Gene Roy,Creighton plant protection since '51, who remarked that the award,"while a bit of a surprise", was certainly received with great pleasure.

Silvermedals

As coincidence would have it, Megan Brownalso tried a conservatory exam for the first time lastsummer; her mark of 86 per cent, tops in Ontariofor her category of grade six vocal, also resultedin a silver medal.

Megan's been studying vocal for three years,under the direction of Bette Leake, and intends tocontinue her instruction. Her thoughts turn to thepossibility of teaching when qualified, which, at therate she's going, won't be long! Her mom, June,usually accompanies Megan at the piano, and dad,Ron, is manager of Creighton area mines.

two first attemptsbring two "firsts"to daughters ofCreighton employees

Suzanne Roy and dad, Gene.

Megan Brown and mom, June.

Take

30to

find30

SAE IO TJL R WO UT N BYOU A J BUÔi M A I FV E GJMR OX OKOJ

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DCK OF OX L AE NX P RPTT RF MJOCGOB KP HOA L OR AL L I PUH GE EPANO Ô 1 b A B VWO UMO L NG YGOYII L YV LT S IO HU K CUMV AK ETAHTRT XO FUE T YT EY A SSAK GT POFKSF0 DJN O F J T E JHNS F VPTCAEX NM KZB I YK AS U NIAP BY OJHGLOF DS CLR S EV HX Z RYAK UV PUAIBBTE RG CDC B AV ZB H QCYL EJ TSOR

Adit Caplamp Fill Manway Scooptram StationAssay Chute Hoist Outcrop Screen StopeBlasting Collarhouse Jackleg Pillar Shrinkage SumpBreast Conveyor Jumbo Raise Skip TramCage Crosscut Lunchroom Rockbolt Slusher Vein

Time to kill? Being driven home? Waiting for a haircut? Well, heres something to keep yourfingers and your mind busy. The 30 words listed above are hidden in that jumble of letters in the box.They read up, down, across - both left to right and right to left - and diagonally, up, down and toeither left or right. Theyre all mining terms - can you find em? There are no prizes - your rewardwill be the satisfaction of accomplishment. Good luck!

A Very Happy New Year! Does that mean were older? It does indeed - you'regetting older! If you can remember some of the following then you can decide for yourself.

Can you remember when going on welfare meant failure? - not a certain socialstanding; that being called a long hair meant you were a square; when a nickel could buyyou a shoe shine, a hot dog or a chocolate egg cream; when there were no phone dialsand the operator got you connected every time; when radio music was live; when thebutcher gave away liver free with a sizable meat purchase; pen and pencil sets; draftbeer coming in wooden barrels; that early portable radios weighed a ton; when schoolbooks were covered with oil cloth; neighborhood yo-yo contests; when some candy barswere three for ten cents and large eggs were about twice as big as the eggs they nowcall large; celluloid collars; zinc sinks; icebox draining pans; pot-bellied stoves.

Do you remember those things? Then you are getting older.Just to round out our tongue-in-cheek Happy New Year greeting to you, do you

remember what decolletage and cleavage meant? Do you remember poor doctors? Doyou remember when the women of the family knitted the sweaters, scarves, mitts andsocks for the whole family? Do you recall that ladies' lingerie was called step-ins?If you do, it's true - you're getting older. But then, it's 1975.

Happy New Year - from everyone at "the triangle"!

Prned in Canada.

This months logo-writer, DanaZelenczuk, is more than a pretty covergirl - she depicts the Ukrainianheritage of Christmas. And just in casethe logo had you puzzled, Dana, aformer model and medical assistant,has penned the triangle' in Ukrainian!

Husband. Bill, is a relief shift foremanin the FBR building at the Copper Cliffsmelter, and his dad, Michael, was atthe copper refinery until 1968.

Dana and Bill observe the manycustoms of a Ukrainian Christmas,which include a host of feasts andfestivities.

Of particular interest is St. NicholasDay on December 19 - a special timeof gifting for the children; celebrationscarry through to Christmas Day,January 7, and end with the Jordan(epiphany) holidays on January 20.

Colourful costuming is certainly oneof the more famous and traditionalaspects of Ukrainian Christmas, followedclosely by the preparation and servingof ceremonial dishes - kutya, anintegral part of the Holy night meal;entrees, such as holubtsi (cabbagerolls); vushka and varenyky (filleddumplings); pidpenky (mushrooms);medivnyk (honey cake); pampushky andmakivnyk (pastries).

The table is set according to time-honoured custom, and always, a lightedcandle is placed in a window as aninvitation to any homeless stranger tojoin the family in its celebrations.

Throughout this new year, variousethnic groups will be represented inthe triangle", in an effort to highlight

the different customs of other nations.

Logowriter

A Ukrainian heritage of Christmas,presented in the parish auditorium ofSt. Mary's Ukrainian Catholic Church -from left, Savella Stechishin, homeeconomist, folklorist, and author of"Traditional Ukrainian Cooking",Tamara Shewciw - dad Mike's at theCopper Cliff smelter, and AnnaShewchuk, daughter of Steve at thecopper refinery.