1 jrc info day, bucharest 11/5/06 nicolas hoepffner global environment monitoring unit ecosystem...

1 JRC Info Day, Bucharest 11/5/06

Nicolas HoepffnerGlobal Environment Monitoring Unit

Ecosystem Monitoring in the Black Sea


ECOMAR provides a pan-European scientific and technical support in the definition, implementation and monitoring of EU policies and Directives related to the coastal and marine environment.

Monitoring and Assessment of Coastal & Marine Environments (ECOMAR)

Monitoring and Assessment of Coastal & Marine Environments (ECOMAR)

EU Policy Context:

European Marine StrategyGlobal Monitoring for Environment and Security (GMES) Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC) Maritime Policy

Regional Marine Conventions (HELCOM, Black Sea Comm., OSPARCOM)European Environmental Agency (EEA)


Development, processing and validation of Earth Observation data (optical and thermal sensors)

Regional Seas numerical modeling, ecosystem assessment

Data integration and development of environmental indicators

ECOMAR scientific and technical studiesECOMAR scientific and technical studies


MODIS Aqua Sept. 15, 2004

MODIS Terra May 10, 2002

Phytoplankton blooms and Coccolithophores in the Black

Sea

Visible Spectral Radiometry from Satellite (Ocean Colour)

Visible Spectral Radiometry from Satellite (Ocean Colour)


Correction for the Atmosphere effect

Data Collection and merging orbital scenes

Restitution of geophysical products

Apply in-water algorithm

555

510

555

490

555

443 ,,maxR

R

R

R

R

RR

041.010432 53.165.093.107.334.0 RRRRChl

412nm 443nm

510nm

670nm

490nm

555nm

Emerging spectral light – 412-670nm

03/2001

Ocean Colour Data AnalysisOcean Colour Data Analysis


JRC-IES Ocean Colour Data Archive JRC-IES Ocean Colour Data Archive

• Coverage: global and European Seas• Period: Oct. 1997 to March 2006• Sensor used: SeaWiFS (Oct.97 to Dec. 2004) and MODIS-Aqua (Jun 2002 to present)• Spatial resolution: 2 km

Archived products- Water leaving radiances at various wavelengths- light attenuation coefficient (transparency, turbidity)- water particle loads (chlorophyll concentration, Total suspended matter)

http://marine.jrc.cec.eu.int/


Black Sea Chlorophyll DistributionBlack Sea Chlorophyll Distribution

Daily SceneDaily Scene 8-days composites

SeaWiFSSeaWiFS

MODISMODIS

monthly composites

http://marine.jrc.cec.eu.int/


Jan Mar

Nov

Black Sea : Light attenuation coefficientBlack Sea : Light attenuation coefficient

754.1

555

490205.0016.0490

wn

wnd L

LK

104.049055.0 dKSD

Satellite retrieval

Water transparency Index


Advanced methods for the absolute calibration of marine instruments

Autonomous systems for continuous validation of primary remote sensing optical products

Assessment of ocean color primary products from most relevant space sensors (official calibration site for NASA and ESA)

Ocean Colour Cal/Val activitiesOcean Colour Cal/Val activities

SeaWiFS MODIS MERIS

Measurement campaigns in the North Adriatic (1995-present)

http://www.esa.int/esaLP/LPcampaigns.html


Ocean Colour Cal/Val activitiesOcean Colour Cal/Val activities

North Adriatic , July 2000 - JRC -

Baltic Sea (Baltic proper) , May 2004 - JRC/ IOPAS

English Channel , June 2004, - JRC/ Univ. Littoral

Baltic Sea (Baltic proper) , Sept. 2004 - JRC/IOPAS

Baltic Sea (Baltic proper) , April 2005 - JRC/IOPAS

Black Sea (western), June 2006 - JRC/IOBAS

Baltic Sea (Gulf of Finland), Aug. 2006 - JRC/FIMR

Eastern Mediterranean, Sept. 2006 - JRC/CNR-ISAC

Cruise campaigns over Europe


surface light

Spectral irradiance model

underwater lightz

Optical model

Water-column biomass distribution (z)

tEzzBftzPP PAR ,,,,,,

From Ocean Colour to Marine Productivity

From Ocean Colour to Marine Productivity


17 models , and ~ 900 quality-controlled C14 measurements of primary production, spanning more than a decade (1983-1996; ClimPP) in the Tropical Pacific.

JRC model showed the lowest total rms error (0.231) on PP log-difference, as well as the lowest centered pattern rms (0.227) which is an indication of the model performance to detect the variability in the dataset.

International Productivity Algorithms Comparative Experiment. PPARR 3 (part 3)


Black Sea Marine ProductivityBlack Sea Marine Productivity

Feb Apr

JulNov

Aug. 01

Aug. 98

Aug. 03

Seasonal Variations

Inter-annual variability

open sea

coastal

+ -

PP ~ 1 gC.m-2.d-1


Modelling and Indicator developmentModelling and Indicator development

Combining Satellite data (and/or in situ data) with modelling to derive Ecological Indicators applicable to all European Seas (large scale) and comparable for dife ferent region

Physical Sensitive Area Index (PSA)

Oxygen Depletion Risk Index (Oxyrisk)

Conceptual Model for Eutrophication Risk Assessment


mixed layer depth Sea surface temp. chlorophyll

PSA Index Oxyrisk

Eutrophication Risk Assessment: Black Sea (Sept. 2002)

Eutrophication Risk Assessment: Black Sea (Sept. 2002)


Eutrophication Risk Assessment: Black Sea (Oct. 2002)

Eutrophication Risk Assessment: Black Sea (Oct. 2002)

PSA Index Oxyrisk

mixed layer depth Sea surface temp. chlorophyll


Oxygen depletion risk index to support the evaluation of the impact of high nutrient inputs (e.g. resulting from agriculture and urbanization) into coastal waters.

Index represents high (high value=red) / low (low values = blue) risk to hypoxia and anoxia

Feb. 2003 Aug. 2003

Eutrophication Risk Assessment: European Coastal Zone

Eutrophication Risk Assessment: European Coastal Zone


• through satellite data analysis and modelling, ECOMAR can provide reliable and comparable information on the marine ecosystem status from regional to European scale

• These information constitute a basis for an environmental tool for policy managers, e.g. in the context of the EU Marine Strategy and up-coming Maritime Policy

– Investigate ecosystem response to anthropogenic pressures– Identify critical / vulnerable European marine areas– Assess climate change impacts

• Activity is optimized through direct collaboration and networking with– European Environment Agency (EEA)– Regional Marine Conventions and Programmes– Referenced research bodies in EU Member and Accession states through e.g. Partnerships in

EU-funded projects (e.g. SeaDataNet, SPICOSA) • FP7, toward an operational monitoring of European regional Seas following a

coherent and harmonized methodology (Policy Theme 2 “Solidarity and the responsible management of resources “ ; Agenda 2.2 ‘ Natural Resources’)

Concluding NotesConcluding Notes


Web based marine GIS Physical and Biological Marine variables (SST, Chl-a, PP, tmx, smx, etc.) Eutrophication risk indicators (Oxyrisk & PSA) Navigate and browse European wide and predefined regions maps (pan, zoom) Query maps - extract numerical values and compute statistics - by point or by area (mean, max, min, std, time-series, climatologies) Save maps and statistics (graphs) in png, pdf and ascii

EMIS- European Marine Information System

EMIS- European Marine Information System


Numerical ModelGeneral Estuarine Transport Model / GETM

1 jrc info day, bucharest 11/5/06 nicolas hoepffner global environment monitoring unit ecosystem...

Documents

jrc info day

black sea slide

jrc baltic sea baltic

satellite ocean colour

europe slide

jrciopas black sea western

jrc iopas english channel

archived products water