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8 STATION AREA STATION AREA PLANNINGPLANNING

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8 Station Area Planning

Key Concepts and Key Concepts and DefinitionsDefinitions

Station Area Planning Station Area Planning ProcessProcess1. Define the Station Area

2. Identify the appropriate Place Type3. Create vision with Development

Guidelines and Planning Typologies4. Execute strategies to create Station

Area Plan

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8 Station Area Planning

Key Concepts and Key Concepts and DefinitionsDefinitions

What defines a Station What defines a Station Area?Area?• The Station Area

generally refers to the ½ mile radius around the station.

San Leandro BART Station

½ mile radius

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8 Station Area Planning

Key Concepts and Key Concepts and Definitions Definitions

What is a Place Type?What is a Place Type?• Used to define a station area• Can help to guide planning for

particular stations• Explains diversity of TOD• Mix of land use/intensity qualities

and transit service qualities• Documents what exists

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8 Station Area Planning

Key Concepts and Key Concepts and Definitions Definitions

Place Types Place Types • Regional Center• Urban Center• Suburban Center• Transit Town Center• Urban Neighborhood• Transit Neighborhood• Special Use/Employment District• Mixed-Use Corridor

Pearl Station -Denver, CO

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8 Station Area Planning

How to Identify a TOD How to Identify a TOD Place Type? Place Type?

• What are the characteristics of the station area?

• What is the transit mode?• What is the peak frequency of transit?• What is the land use mix and density?• What are the retail characteristics? • What are the major planning and

development challenges?

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8 Station Area Planning

Typology of Place TypesTypology of Place Types

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8 Station Area Planning

Development Guidelines for Development Guidelines for TOD Place TypesTOD Place Types

• Housing Mix – New development (Single family, mid-rise, townhouse etc.)

• Station Area Total Units–The number of units targeted in the station area

• Net Project Density – New housing added• Station Area Job Total Jobs – Potential of new

jobs in the station area• Minimum FAR – Floor-Area-Ratio – Determine

the appropriate mix of building types

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8 Station Area Planning

Station Area Planning Station Area Planning TypologiesTypologies

• Residential Buildings• Mixed-Use Buildings• Commercial • Civic and Open Space

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Residential Building Types Residential Building Types and Densitiesand Densities

Townhomes in Mountain View, CA

Single-family in Chicago, IL

Low-rise apartments in Plano, TX

Low-rise apartments in Plano, TX

Mixed-use in Washington, DC

Mid-rise in Metuchen, NJMid-rise in Metuchen, NJ

Mid-rise apartments in Tarrytown, NY

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Mixed-UseMixed-UseCommercial + Retail UsesCommercial + Retail Uses

Shopping center, Shopping center, Arlington, VAArlington, VA

Office mixed-use, Office mixed-use, Washington, DCWashington, DC

Shops, Scarsdale, NYShops, Scarsdale, NY

Ground floor restaurant, CA

Main street retail, NJMain street retail, NJ

Mixed-use in Morristown, NJ

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8 Station Area Planning

Civic and Open SpaceCivic and Open Space

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8 Station Area Planning

ChallengesChallengesNot One Size Fits AllNot One Size Fits All

• Communities are different– Intensity of uses– Mix of Uses– Existing residents

and workers– Sources of market

demand

• Transit Stations are different– Transit technology– Access modes– Location relative to

community

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8 Station Area Planning

7 Strategies to Successful 7 Strategies to Successful Station Area PlanningStation Area Planning

1. Generate meaningful community involvement2. Maximize ridership with TOD3. Design streets for all users4. Create opportunities for affordable and

accessible living5. Make great public places6. Manage parking effectively7. Maximize neighborhood and station

connectivity

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8 Station Area Planning

Strategy 1: Generate Strategy 1: Generate Meaningful Community Meaningful Community

InvolvementInvolvement• Engage the public early

in the decision-making process

• Plan the station and community together

• Identifies needs and opportunities

• Sets the long-term vision and implementation steps

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8 Station Area Planning

Strategy 2: Maximize Strategy 2: Maximize Ridership With TODRidership With TOD

• Create mix of residential and non-residential activities to meet market needs

• Analyze the impact of zoning requirements on potential densities

• Use transit to support community activities and vision

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8 Station Area Planning

Strategy 3: Design Streets For Strategy 3: Design Streets For All UsersAll Users

• Design street patterns to support walking and biking

• Station area should be fully accessible to all users

• Design station and station areas for safety

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8 Station Area Planning

Strategy 4: Create Strategy 4: Create Opportunities for Affordable Opportunities for Affordable

and Accessible Livingand Accessible Living• Capture the value of

transit to create funding mechanisms

• Target affordable housing resources to station areas

• Opportunity to link a range of incomes and household types with other amenities

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8 Station Area Planning

Strategy 5: Make Great Public Strategy 5: Make Great Public SpacesSpaces

• Incorporate parks and open space

• Involve the community in the programming

• Make station focal place for the community

• Reflect local character

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8 Station Area Planning

Strategy 6: Manage Parking Strategy 6: Manage Parking EffectivelyEffectively

• Analyze parking supply and demand

• Consider innovative parking policies

• Incorporate parking of different modes

• Locate parking with sensitivity to context

• Implement parking pricing strategies that encourage transit use

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8 Station Area Planning

Strategy 7: Maximize Strategy 7: Maximize Neighborhood and Station Neighborhood and Station

ConnectivityConnectivity• Provide high-quality

walking environment• Minimize distance and

time used to access the station

• Incorporate way-finding elements

• Provide real time transit information

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Case Studies To Put It All Case Studies To Put It All TogetherTogether

23Case Study: Rahway New Case Study: Rahway New JerseyJersey

Before

After

•$7 million failed rehab

•$13 million renovation

•$1.5 million plaza constructed

•4,500 Merck Employees served

•2002 Transit Village Designation –

•Led by Mayor James Kennedy’s sustained support for downtown Transit-Oriented redevelopment

24Case Study: Rahway New Case Study: Rahway New JerseyJersey

Construction activity within the ½-mile radius totaled over $105 million from 1999 to 2003:• 136-luxury apartment River Place development•159 apartments and

townhouses plus retail space

•Three major hotels•Redevelopment of a

mixed-use building with a movie theater and artist live/work spaces

•New image and identity for City

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Before

After

Case Study: Gaslight Case Study: Gaslight Commons,Commons,

South Orange, NJSouth Orange, NJ•$34. 5 Million Project•200 Condo Units•Near Sloan Street NJT Station•65% take transit to work•1.35 cars per unit•6 x Tax Revenue•.02 School age children per unit

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8 Station Area Planning

What Goes Into a GoodWhat Goes Into a GoodStation Area Plan?Station Area Plan?

• Community Engagement and Vision

• Comprehensive Land Use Plan

• Innovative Design

• Community and Station Connectivity

• Public Investments in Roads, Parks, etc

• Implementation and Financing Plan

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Module

8QUESTIONS?QUESTIONS?COMMENTS?COMMENTS?