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Republic of Kazakhstan: Status of Republic of Kazakhstan: Status of Climate Change ActivitiesClimate Change Activities

Kanat Baigarin, Kanat Baigarin, Head of the Climate Change Head of the Climate Change Coordination CenterCoordination Center

Population Population 15,8 15,8 millionmillion

GDP GDP 24,22 24,22 billion $billion $

Energy Prod. Energy Prod. 64,78 64,78 MtoeMtoe

Net Imports Net Imports -26,73 -26,73 MtoeMtoe

TPES. TPES. 38,42 38,42 Mtoe Mtoe 2,432,43 toe/capita toe/capita 1,59 1,59 toe/1000 $toe/1000 $

Power Consumption. Power Consumption. 50,6650,66 Twh Twh 32063206 kWh/capita kWh/capita

COCO2 2 Emissions Emissions 11126,65126,65 Mt of CO Mt of CO2 2 8,02 8,02 t COt CO22/capita /capita 5,235,23 kg kg

COCO22/$/$

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Steps of Kazakhstan on UNFCCC Status Development

Decision to join Annex 1, COP-5 - 2000

Government Decree on IACCC

Climate Change Coordination Center

UNFCCC is ratified

Kyoto Protocol is signed

First National Communication, GHG Inventory - 1990 and 1994

GHG Inventory for 1992 and

Identification of 1992 as a base year

National System for CDM/JI projects review and approval. GHG Registry.

1995

2000

2001

1999

Voluntary obligation on Art. 4.2g UNFCCC

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Republic of Kazakhstan: Inter-Agency Coordination on Climate Change

Government

Interagency Commission on Ratification of the Kyoto Protocol and Implementation of Rk’s Obligations Under Interagency Commission on Ratification of the Kyoto Protocol and Implementation of Rk’s Obligations Under UNFCCC (IACCC)UNFCCC (IACCC)

Ministry of Economy and Trade Ministry of Foreign Affaires Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment Protection Ministry of Agriculture Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources Ministry of Transport and Communications Ministry of Justice Ministry of Finance Agency on Strategic Planning,

ObserversObservers: NGO Representatives, Parliament Representatives, Representatives of Donor Countries and Organizations, Representatives of Business

Climate Change Coordination Center(Executive Body of IACCC)

Inventory and Monitoring of GHG Sinks and Sources

WORKING GROUPSWORKING GROUPS

Climate Change Mitigation and

Adaptation Measures

Energy Sector (Energy-saving and Efficiency, Alternative

Energy Sources)

International Negotiation

Process

Development of Development of Regulatory BasisRegulatory Basis

Transfer and Introduction of Technologies

Non-energy Sector (Industry, Land-use,

Etc.)

Introduction of Flexible Market Mechanisms and JI

Projects

Strategy, Microeconomic Analyses and GHG Emissions Forecast

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Climate Change Coordination CenterClimate Change Coordination Center

www.climate.kz www.climate.kz Web - SiteWeb - Site

Project PipelineProject Pipeline

Prototype National Prototype National GHG RegistryGHG Registry

GHG Emissions GHG Emissions Inventory Inventory

Project Project Development:Development:

Unified Project Unified Project Design Document Design Document (UPDD)(UPDD)

Launch of Pilot Launch of Pilot ProjectsProjects

National System for National System for CDM/JI Projects CDM/JI Projects Review and Review and ApprovalApproval

Climate

Change

Climate

Change

Coordinatio

n Center

Coordinatio

n Center

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Functions of the Center as executive body of the Interagency Commission:The Center is responsible for oversight of greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction projects The Center advises the Government of Kazakhstan on development of mechanisms for registration and approval of GHG emission allowances (credits).Creation of the national system for evaluation of potential GHG reduction projects on the basis of environmental, national development, and financial considerations.The Center creates the basis of a national system for legal and institutional regulation of environmental activities taking into account flexible market mechanisms.

To promote development of the national process the Center should:Consolidate activities on climate change abatement within the country and at the

international levelDevelop a National Strategy for GHG reductionFacilitate promotion of public activities and interest in implementation of the UNFCCC. Initiate involvement of environmental NGOs and business in the processCompile a library of international experience on climate change topicsInform the public on the challenges of climate change and its impacts on environment,

health and economic development

Functions of CCCCFunctions of CCCC

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Accomplishments in Kazakhstan (1)Accomplishments in Kazakhstan (1)

• IAC and CCC functioning & widely recognized

• Contacts w/JI&CDM offices around world

• Draft MOUs with Dutch, World Bank, others

• Training/seminars in project prep, JI/CDM methodologies

• Project Developer’s Manual Distributed

• CDM/JI Baseline Assessment, Validation, Monitoring,

Verification and Certification procedures accepted as basis

for official standards

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Accomplishments in Kazakhstan (2)Accomplishments in Kazakhstan (2)

• Draft registry designed and accepted

• Extensive networking with project developers and potential

investors -- 40 projects and 8 UPDDs

• Web site www.climate.kz up in 2 weeks

– project pipeline, database of developers, registry, hot links,

general info.

• Draft laws “On Air Protection” and “On Ozone Layer Protection

and Climate”

• CCC to coordinate inter-agency task force on energy efficiency

(prepare strategy in 2001, begin implementation in 2002)

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Legislation DevelopmentLegislation Development

Existing laws Existing laws Laws under developmentLaws under development

AtmosphericAtmospheric Air Protection LawAir Protection Law

Climate and Ozone Climate and Ozone Layer Protection LawLayer Protection Law

Energy-saving Law, Energy-saving Law, 19971997

Environment Environment Protection Law, Protection Law,

19971997

Normative and Normative and sub-law actssub-law acts

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National PrioritiesNational Priorities

Creation of legal basisCreation of legal basis for realization of economic mechanisms for natural resources management using the new law on atmospheric air protection; Approval and introduction of internal procedures Approval and introduction of internal procedures for consideration, assessment, verification, monitoring and validation of CDM/JI projects on GHG reduction; Integration of GHG inventory Integration of GHG inventory in the national statistical reporting system and the national system of environmental monitoring; Development of the National Strategy Development of the National Strategy on greenhouse gas emission reduction and improvement of energy-efficiency.

It is also needed:It is also needed:1. To develop a target short-term program To develop a target short-term program on energy-saving and greenhouse gas emission reduction;2. To develop Feasibility Studies To develop Feasibility Studies and to launch pilot projects on GHG emission reduction, the top priority directions for projects are:

Energy-efficiency and energy-savingEnergy-efficiency and energy-saving in cities both in the sector of energy production and in the sector of energy consumption;Energy supply in rural areasEnergy supply in rural areas through introduction of autonomous systems using small energy resources: mini hydropower stations, wind stations, small diesel plants, etc.;Construction of large wind power stations;Construction of large wind power stations;Utilization of associate gas Utilization of associate gas on oil fields;Utilization of mine methaneUtilization of mine methane;

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Short-term outlookShort-term outlook

To start in 2001 developing legal and institutional infrastructure for creation of market for carbon credits.

To introduce the act regulating the National Registry of GHG emissions from GHG sources and of GHG sequestration by sinks;

To introduce the new law «On atmospheric air protection», providing for legal regulation of emissions through use of economic mechanisms, that also allows to regulate GHG emission reduction according to the ultimate goals of the UNFCCC, ratified by Kazakhstan. To conclude a relevant agreement and to launch pilot JI projects with external investors for development of normative and legal mechanisms and for technical adjustment of CDM/JI projects to the country’s economy;

To begin establishing legal and technical basis and system of voluntary reduction, limitation and emission trade for enterprises and firms of the country with further distribution of the resulting credits among them at the internal market, as well as at the external market;

To establish Kazakhstan’s Carbon Fund as a mechanism of governmental participation in realization and financing of CDM/JI projects.