1Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating CostsStulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

Mission Energy:

Energy Efficient Cooling

How Data Centre energy consumption and operating costs can be

significantly reduced through readily available cooling techniques

Moscow, 15 September 2009

Thomas Steinberg, Stulz GmbH, Germany

2Stulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating CostsStulz Mission Energy – Increasing Performance & Reducing Operating Costs

STULZ International Production Sites

STULZ Air Technology Systems,Frederick/MD, USA

STULZ S.p.A.Valeggio sul Mincio(VR),Italy

STULZ GmbHHamburg, Germany

STULZAir Technology Systems(Shanghai), China

STULZ CHSPL (India) Pvt. Ltd., India

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Find STULZ ...

Italy

Germany

China

USA

Headquarter

… and its qualified and professional partners – worldwide.

Production Sites

India

Germany

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TOPICS

Why Energy Efficient Precision Air Conditioning?

Why use Free Cooling?

Room Design for Optimal Energy Efficient Operation

Typical Cooling Methods

Dynamic Free Cooling®

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Why Energy Efficient Precision Air Conditioning?

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The Need for Energy Efficient Data CentresThe Australian, 17 June 2008

“It is estimated servers and data centres consumed about61 billion kWh in 2006”

“If the status quo continues, by 2011, data centres will consume 100 billion kWh of energy”

“Data centres’ power and cooling infrastructure accounted for about half of the electricity consumption”

“The use of economisers that take advantage of nature to help cool data centres is gaining traction in the US”

“Data centre operator Equinix, says it saves up to 80% in annual cooling costs by using economisers in 8 of its 19 US facilities”

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Energy flow through the Data CentrePower Usage Efficiency Finally all leaves as Waste Heat

Source: The Green Grid

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Energy efficient systemEnergy efficient system

with Low operating costwith Low operating cost

or

Low capital cost system Low capital cost system

but with High operating costsbut with High operating costs

CAPEX v OPEX ..…keep in mind:

Your data centre uses energy all year round

Strategic Choice for a Data Centre

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…so: Why energy efficient cooling?

YOU HAVE THE CHOICE:

•Save operating costs throughout the data centre's lifetime

•Get more IT capacity out of your data centre at a given available power by reducing the power used by secondary physical infrastructure

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What is Free Cooling?

“The ability to remove heat from a space without the use of a refrigeration process”

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Why use Free Cooling?

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Energysaving by reducting fan power consumption

nos. CRACs operation hr. Kosten 1 year 2 years 5 years 10 years 15 yearsn h €/kwh

1 8760 0,13 1.138,80 2.277,60 5.694,00 11.388,00 17.082,00

5 8760 0,13 5.694,00 11.388,00 28.470,00 56.940,00 85.410,00

10 8760 0,13 11.388,00 22.776,00 56.940,00 113.880,00 170.820,00

50 8760 0,13 56.940,00 113.880,00 284.700,00 569.400,00 854.100,00

100 8760 0,13 113.880,00 227.760,00 569.400,00 1.138.800,00 1.708.200,00

Operation cost reduction by reducing fan power consumption 1kW per CRAC

Energy cost = constant 0,13 € / kWh for the next 15 years (?)

nos. CRACs Operation hr. Cost 1 year 2 years 5 years 10 years 15 yearsn h €/kwh

1 8760 0,13 1.138,80 2.363,01 6.614,60 16.110,70 29.743,59

5 8760 0,13 5.694,00 11.815,05 33.072,98 80.553,52 148.717,97

10 8760 0,13 11.388,00 23.630,10 66.145,96 161.107,03 297.435,94

50 8760 0,13 56.940,00 118.150,50 330.729,78 805.535,16 1.487.179,69

100 8760 0,13 113.880,00 236.301,00 661.459,57 1.611.070,32 2.974.359,37

Operation cost reduction by rduction fan power consumption 1kW per CRAC

Energy cost increase by 7,5% p.a.

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Typical CRAC Unit Energy Consumption

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Typical CRAC Unit Energy Consumption

FREE-COOLING

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Typical CRAC Unit Energy Consumption

The Key Question is:

Can we achieve the required room conditions without compressor cooling?

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Room Design for Energy Efficient Operation

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Room Efficiency

Best Room Efficiency will be reached, if 100% of the cold air leaving the CRAC unit, passing through the data centre and returning to the top of the CRAC unit is entirely used to remove heat from the IT equipment.

This means: No air leakage, no bypass air, no blockages & no misdirected air.

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Many possibilities to optimise the room -

The basics for an efficiant operation

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Typical Data Centre Cooling Systems

1. Traditional Air-Cooled or Water-Cooled DX

2. Chilled Water: with Free Cooling chillers

3. Traditional Glycol Free Cooling

4. Free Cooling: with Dynamic Free Cooling Dynamic Free Cooling

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Traditional DX Systems

G Type – Water/glycol cooled DX

A Type – Air-cooled DX

Some energy saving possible through EC fans

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The air needs to be “moved” 8760 hours per yearTherefore “state of the art” technology is essential : The EC FanThe EC Fan

1.200

1.300

1.400

1.500

1.600

1.700

1.800

1.900

2.000

2.100

2.200

Ene

rgy

cost

s [E

uro/

Yea

r]

Centrifugal Plug fan STULZ EC fan

Energy cost savings with EC fan compared to ordinary fans

Annual energy costs fan only [8.500m³/h at 350Pa]

-30%

-20%-10%

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EC fan and Part Load Behavior

0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

100%

Airflow Absorbed Power0%

10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%

100%

Airflow Absorbed Power

1/2 Airflow

1/8 Absorbed

Power

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Chilled Water: with Free Cooling chillers

Large energy savings through EC Fans and

CW standby management CW Type – Single coil

CW Type – Dual Coil

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Stand-by Management (with EC fans)Sample:

3x ASD1500CW

At 24°C/50%

with 7/12°C water

incl.

1/3 standby capacity

Standby

3x 75,1 = 225,3 kW net sensible

Airflow: 2x 29.000 m³/hFan absorbed power: 2x 8,0 = 16,0 kWLpa,2m = 2x 59,7dBA = 62,7dBA Airflow: 3x 19.000 m³/hFan absorbed power: 3x 2,3 = 6,9 kWLpa,2m = 3x 50,8dBA = 55,6dBA

=> Energy savings: 9,1 kW x 8760h x 0,13 = 10.363 €/year @ 0,13 €/kWh

2x 112,1 =224,2 kW net sensible

=> Noise reduction: -7,1 dBA

Benefits:

+ Considerable energy savings

+ Reduced noise levels

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‘GE’ Glycol Free Cooling

Significant energy savings in low ambient temperatures through a secondary free cooling coil. GE Type – Water-cooled DX

+ Free Cooling

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Energy Consumption

Dynamic Free Cooling® Control System

Automatic adaptive control of the most energy efficient mode of cooling

FC

Fre

e C

oo

ling

MIX

mo

de

Co

mp

res

so

r &

Fre

e C

oo

ling

EF

CE

xte

nd

ed

F

ree

Co

olin

g

DX

Co

mp

res

so

r Co

olin

g

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Stulz Dynamic Free Cooling®

C7000 CONTROL SYSTEM

ModularModularAutomaticAutomatic

ScalableScalable“18-2400kW”“18-2400kW” Space Space

EfficientEfficientIntegratedIntegrated

Turnkey Turnkey SolutionSolution

AdaptiveAdaptive

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Key Element – Indirect Free Cooling System

IndirectFree Cooling

System

Direct vs. Indirect Free Cooling? Direct free Cooling means cooling the

room/equipment directly with outside air.Direct Free Cooling is common practice in low capacity telecom shelter applications with reduced requirement on temperature

and humidity. Indirect Free Cooling means using cold

outside air for cooling water by using dry cooler to a level where it can be used for

room cooling with chilled water cooling coils in the CRAC units.

Benefits:+ Independent to Outside Air Quality

+ Independent to Outside Air Humidity+ Less Maintenance

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Key Element – Dynamic Component Control

Dynamic Component Control means:

CRAC controller C7000 controls all active components as there are Dry cooler fans, central pump, unit fans, compressor, free

cooling valve, head pressure control valve depending on outdoor temperature and room load status to minimise overall

power consumption.

Benefits:+ Minimised overall power consumption

+ Highest possible system efficiency+ Save €$€$ €$€$ €$€$ €$€$

Dynamic Component

Control

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Key Element – Free Cooling Standby Management

Free Cooling Standby Management means:

During Free Cooling Mode all units are in operation sharing the total required

airflow to all units incl. standby unit. This results in results in reduced fan absorbed power for the same total airflow thanks to the CUBE LAW. In case of any unit fault

remaining units ramp up fan speed to ensure total airflow.

Benefits:+ Energy Saving On Unit Fans

+ Improved Supply Air Distribution+ Reduced Noise Level

Free Cooling Standby

Management

100% 100%

66% 66% 66%

CUBE LAW P2=P1x(n2/n1)^3

OFF

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Key Element – Dynamic Water Temperature

Dynamic Water Temperature means:

Traditional indirect free cooling systems operate with a fixed water temperature set point for free cooling, even if it not necessary due to room part load. The

variable water temperature, always at the highest possible value to ensure required

capacity, leads to increased number of hours in free cooling mode.

Benefits:+ Dynamic adaptation of free cooling mode

on room part load status+ Reduced total absorbed power

DynamicWater

Temperature

Load:80%

Load:100%

10°C

13°CShanghai:+3°C water temp. means44 days morefree cooling

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Key Element – Dynamic Water Temperature

Full Load

80% Load

60% Load

40% Load

500

400

300

200

Load Status Load(kW)

10,4

13,1

15,8

18,4

Required water

temp. °C*

7

11

14

17

Reached at outdoorTemp °C*

23%

35%

45%

54%

FC&EFC hours (% of year)**

* these values depend on the system selection only** these values depend on the local weather profile. This example refers to Shanghai.

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Regions for Free Cooling

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Moscow

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

45%

50%

55%

60%

65%

70%

75%

80%

85%

90%

95%

100%

40

°C

38

°C

36

°C

34

°C

32

°C

30

°C

28

°C

26

°C

24

°C

22

°C

20

°C

18

°C

16

°C

14

°C

12

°C

10

°C

8 °

C

6 °

C

4 °

C

2 °

C

0 °

C

-2 °

C-4-6-8

-10

Outdoor Temperature

% o

f h

ou

rs p

er

ye

ar

be

low

x°C

The Location – Influence of the weather profile

CompressorMIX & Free Cooling

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Examples

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CAPEX

+32%

OPEX

-56%

PER YEAR

Example1: Traditional Air cooled vs. Stulz DFC

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Example1: Traditional Air-cooled vs. Stulz DFC

€ 220.000.-Cost reduction

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Example1: Traditional Air-cooled vs. Stulz DFC

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Example 2: Chilled Water vs. DFC (300kW)

CAPEX:+70%

OPEX:-60%

10 yearSavings=€570.000

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Example 2 : Chilled Water vs. DFC (300kW)

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Comparison of Systems

• ENERGY CONSUMPTION: Traditional DX units

100%

• ENERGY CONSUMPTION: Free Cooling Chiller Solution

70%

• ENERGY CONSUMPTION: STULZ Dynamic Free Cooling

40%

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Summary

• Eliminating compressor operation is a significant factor in reducing data centre operating costs

• Optimizing the air path within a data centre greatly increases the efficiency of the cooling

• Only ‘indirect free cooling’ systems truly satisfy the environmental control requirements of a data centre

• Stulz’s Dynamic Free Cooling® is the only truly ‘off the shelf’ technology to optimize every aspect of the cooling cycle for minimum energy consumption

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Stulz GmbHThomas SteinbergHolsteiner Chaussee 28322457 Hamburg, Germany

Thank you..

Ph: +49 – 40 – 5585 337 Email: steinberg@stulz.de Web:

www.stulz.com