1

U7 Spreadsheet Operations II(Optional)

Presented by: Law Hing Man

(11 Dec 2001)

2

7.1 Overview of Using Spreadsheet as a Teaching and Learning tool

• Spreadsheet is not just a tool for handling marks and statistics.

• Spreadsheet can be used in teaching and learning.

• By using charts, auto-recalculation and macro, spreadsheet can be used to develop an Interactive Learning Environment (ILE).

3

7.2 Creating and Formatting ChartsSteps to create a chart (Example1)Step1: Select the data to be included in the chart

(Including column and row labels)

Step2: Click the Chart wizard button (or select Insert -> Chart…)

Step 2

Step 1

4

Step3: Select the Chart type and click next.

5

Step4: Change the data range if necessary.

6

Step5: Key in title and axis labels

7

Step6: Select the location of your chart.

(either as a new sheet or as an object in an existing worksheet)

8

The changes in each item will interactively change the corresponding portion in the chart.

9

7.3 Spreadsheet as a “What-if” Analysis Tool

• “What-if”What will happen to that if I change this.

• Example 2Mortgage repayment analysisPMT(r,nper,loan) calculates the periodic payment of a loan where

r : Interest rate per periodnper : Number of paymentsloan : The amount of loan

10

A B

1 loan 2,000,000.00

2 Interest rate (p.a.) 3.00%

3 number of years 20

4 monthly payment 11,091.95

=-PMT(B2/12,B3*12,B1)

variables

By changing different variables, we will get different results.

What is the minimum number of years if one can only afford $10000 monthly repayment?

11

Example 3 – Mark Adjustment

A B C D E

1 Name Test1 Test2 Term Mark

2 MARY 21 45

3 PETER 45 76

4 JOHN 56 34

5 HELEN 43 65

6 KITTY 45 56

=(B2+C2)/2

If we want to adjust the marks by multiplying a weight, we can change the cell D2 to =(B2+C2)/2*$E$1 and put a weight to E1.

Copy

12

Relative Address

• A relative address in a formula is the location of the specified cell or range relative to the cell that contains the formula.

• If you copy a formula that contains a relative address, Excel adjusts the address to reflect the new location.

• For example, if you type =A2 in A4, it means “2 cells up”. If you copy the contents of A4 to B5, the contents of B5 will be =B3, still “2 cells up”.

13

Absolute Address• An absolute address in a formula (specified

by “$” before both column letter and row number in the cell address) is the specified range or cell address.

• If you copy a formula that contains an absolute address, the address does not change.

• For example, if you type =$A$2 in A4, it means A2. If you then copy the contents of A4 to B5, the contents of B5 will still be =$A$2.

14

Mixed Address• A mixed address in a formula is an

address that contains both relative and absolute references.

• If you copy a formula that contains a mixed address, Excel adjusts the relative part, but not absolute part.

• For example, if you type =$A2 in A4, column A is absolute and row 2 is relative. If you then copy the formula from cell A4 to B5, the contents of B5 will be =$A3.

15

Challenge Problem 1

* Construction of a multiplication table.a) Fill the numbers 1 to 10 into range A2 to A11b)Fill the numbers 1 to 10 into range B1 to K1c) Enter a formula in B2 (? Formula)d)Copy the formula in c) to the range B2 to K11 to complete the table.

16

A B C D E F G H I J K

1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

2 1

3 2

4 3

5 4

6 5

7 6

8 7

9 8

10 9

11 10

=$A2*B$1

17

Challenge Problem 2* Construction of a mortgage table.

a) Fill the numbers 2.00% to 4.00% (interval=0.25%) into range A2 to A10.b) Fill the numbers 5 to 30 (interval=5) into range B1 to G1c) A1 stores the loan (say 100,000)d) Enter a formula in B2 (? Formula)e) Copy the formula in c) to the range B2 to G10 to complete the table.

18

A B C D E F G

1 100,000 5 10 15 20 25 30

2 2.00%

3 2.25%

4 2.50%

5 2.75%

6 3.00%

7 3.25%

8 3.50%

9 3.75%

10 4.00%

19

7.4 Spreadsheet as a Tool for Developing Explorative Learning Environment

• Macro

Macro is a series of commands that Excel carries out automatically.

20

Step1: Select Tools->Macro->Record New Macro

Record a Macro

21

Step2: In the Macro Name Box, fill in a name.

Step3: [Optional]Short Cut Key, Store Macro In

Step4: Click the OK button.

22

Step5: Carry out the actions that you want to recordStep6: Click the Stop Macro button.

[ To record a Macro with relative address, click the option Relative Reference before Step 5.]

Stop Macro button

23

Execute a MacroStep1: Select Tools->Macro->Macro…

Step2: In the Macro Name Box, select a name.

Step3: Click the Run button.

OR Press Short Cut KeyRun button

24

Edit a MacroStep1: Select Tools->Macro->Macro…

Step2: In the Macro Name Box, select a name.

Step3: Click the Edit button.

Step4: Make the necessary changes.

Edit button

25

Create a Macro By Visual Basic

• Macro is actually written in Visual Basic, so you may create macro by yourself.

• For more information about Simple Visual Basic, you may refer to my homepage.

• For more advanced VB, refer to other references.

26

Challenge Problem 3

• Develop an ILE for students learning the relationship between two quantities (say x and y) by using macro.

27

Challenge Problem 4• Develop an ILE for solving the following

problem.

A student has $90. He wants to buy hotdogs and drinks. The price for hotdog is $7@ and that for drink is $5@. The number of drinks should be half of the number of hotdogs. What is the maximum number of hotdogs and drinks that the student can buy?

28

*** THE END ***