Form: ________

AP World History ExamSemester One

1. Which of the following best characterizes changes in women's status in the transition from hunting and gathering to agricultural societies?

a) Women lost social standing and freedom.b) Women gained power and wealth.c) Women’s status did not change.d) Women became less important in the public

realm, but more important in the sacred world.

2. When the Han took over, they

a) completely reinstated the Zhou system.b) completely eradicated all remnants of Qin rule.c) retained the Qin system with minor modifications.d) retained the entire Qin system without change.

3. By junzi, or “superior individuals,” Confucius menat

a) wealthy men of the ruling elite.b) strong and brave warriors.c) individuals who withdraw from society and live

in harmony with nature.d) well-educated and conscientious individuals to fill

state offices.e) writers of important philosophical tracts.

4. In contrast to Persia and China, classical India

a) was isolated from the outside world by formidable barriers.

b) did not have well-developed religions.c) lacked a strong and continuing imperial tradition.d) was a backward country in terms of economy and

culture.e) all of the above.

5. Which of the following statements do NOT apply to Ashoka’s support of Buddhism?

a) He banned animal sacrifices and hunting.b) He became a vegetarian.c) He built monasteries and stupas and made

pilgrimages to Buddhist holy sites.d) He sent Buddhist missionaries to foreign

countries.e) He abdicated his throne, abandoned his imperial

family, lived in a Buddhist monastery, and finally attained nirvana.

6. “Those who flow as life flows know they need no other force. They feel no wear, they feel no tear, they need no mending, no repair.” This quote is best attributed to whom?

a) Laozib) Buddhac) Confuciusd) Han Fei-zi

7. “The means by where the intelligent ruler controls his ministers are two handles only. The two handles are chastisement and commendation.”This quote is best attributed to whom?

a) Laozib) Buddhac) Confuciusd) Han Fei-zi

8. In the Vedic religion when an individual was reborn whether the new body was an insect, an animal, or a human depended on

a) karmab) atmanc) vedad) jatie) puja

9. Bodhisattvas are men and women who have achieved enlightenment and

a) entered nirvanab) chose to be reborn in mortal bodiesc) achieved mokshad) entered stupase) been deified

10. Which of the following did NOT help inaugurate the outward-looking seafaring activities of the Greek Archaic period?

a) Scarcity of resources.b) The competition between Athens and Sparta.c) The difficulty of overland trade.d) Influences from the Phoenicians.

11. Which of the following attributes was NOT common to both Rome and Han China?

a) The family was central.b) A large, well-equipped military existed.c) The government successfully broke up the power of

the old aristocratic families.d) Slavery was indispensable.

12. The missionary career of the Apostle Paul

a) was mostly unsuccessful.b) ended in imprisonment in India.c) exemplifies the cosmopolitan nature of the Roman

Empire.d) was narrow because he limited his message to Jews

only.e) syncretized Zoroastrian and Judaic beliefs.

13. Which of the following does NOT illustrate the nature of long-distance trade between 300 B.C.E. and 1100 C.E.?

a) The Silk Roadb) The Atlantic Systemc) The Indian Ocean Maritime Systemd) The trans-Saharan caravan routes

14. Which of the following did NOT contribute to the popularity of Buddhism in post-Han China?

a) Threats of epidemic diseases turned the Chinese to Buddhism for personal salvation.

b) After the collapse of the Han dynasty, Confucianism lost its dominant position.

c) Nomadic peoples who migrated into north China brought their Buddhist faith to the Chinese.

d) Missionary efforts by Buddhists attracted many native Chinese followers.

e) Buddhism was familiar because many foreign merchants practiced it.

15. What happened to the silk roads after the decline of the Han and Roman empires?

a) They no longer carried epidemic diseases.b) Activity actually increased along the silk roads.c) There was less activity, but trade revived along the

routes in the sixth century C.E.d) The routes changed to easier terrain.e) none of the above.

16. In the classical and post-classical eras, the peoples of the Pacific Islands did NOT

a) develop metallurgyb) develop agriculturec) build complex societiesd) interact with one anothere) develop any transportation technologies

17. The Five Pillars are to Muslims as

a) the hadith is to Muslims.b) the Noble Eightfold Path is to Buddhists.c) the four Vedas are to Aryans.d) the book of Genesis is to Christians.e) none of the above.a)

18. Which of the following actions was NOT taken by the Umayyad caliphs?

b) They became more and more lax in their attitudes toward Islamic doctrine.

c) They levied a special head tax called jizya on non-Muslims.

d) They showed great favor to the Arab military aristocracy.

e) They temporarily solved the problem of succession to the caliphate.

f) They maintained their simple lifestyle even in the capital of Damascus.

19. The veiling of women as a social custom was

a) not specifically addressed in the Qu’ran.b) practiced long before Muhammad was born.c) adopted from Byzantine and Sasanid societies by

Muslims.d) originally practiced by upper-class women.e) all of the above.

20. Differing from the Umayyad caliphs, the Abbasid rulers

a) were from the Shi’a sect.b) did not allow the Arabs to play a large role in

government.c) paid more attention to administration rather than

expansion of the empire.d) moved the capital to Mecca.e) all of the above.

21. Islam in India had a strong appeal to members of lower castes because

a) conversion to Islam made them equal with other caste members.

b) Islam promised the spiritual equality of all believers.

c) Allah was more competent than Shiva and Vishnu in terms of salvation.

d) Islam was less dependent on the written word than other religions were.

e) all of the above.

22. During the Postclassical era (600 – 1450 C.E.)

a) nomadic peoples dominated the great civilizations of the world.

b) the first international, as opposed to regional, connections arose.

c) Europe achieved its domination of the world.d) the Americas established contacts with Africa and

Asia.e) trade was limited.

23. Before the tenth century, the dominant form of social organization in sub-Saharan Africa was the

a) city-state.b) empire.c) kin-based system.d) kingdom.e) theocracy.

24. Swahili

a) was an Arabic language.b) refers to the peoples of the east African coast.c) refers to the slave traders of Africa.d) is a dead language.e) was the language of the Mali empire.

25. On his visits to Mali, Ibn Battuta expressed disapproval at

a) the tolerance of paganism by the emperor of Mali.b) the immodesty of African Muslim women.c) the corruption of the local courts.d) the failure to observe Muslim rituals, such as prayer

and fasting.e) all of the above.

26. Which of the following was NOT a serious diplomatic mission of the thirteenth century?

a) The Persian khan proposed an alliance with European powers against Muslims in Jerusalem.

b) The pope invited the Mongol khans to convert to Christianity.

c) the sultan of India proposed an alliance with the Byzantine empire against the Mongols.

d) An envoy of the khans declared the European Christians should submit to Mongol rule or face destruction.

e) All of the above were diplomatic ventures of the thirteenth century.

27. Which of the following was NOT a consequence of the Byzantine missions to the Slavic peoples?

a) The Cyrillic alphabet became the writing system of the Slavic peoples.

b) The Byzantine empire and Slavic peoples united to fight against the Islamic armies.

c) Eastern Orthodox Christianity was adopted by the Slavic peoples.

d) Schools were organized by the missionaries.e) all of the above.

28. The blue section of this map shows the Byzantine empire in approximately which year?

a) 476 C.E.b) 622 C.E.c) 1099 C.E.d) 1453 C.E.

29. One of the major differences between India and western Europe during the postclassical era is that

30. Which of the following did NOT contribute to the expansion of arable land in Europe during the high middle ages?

31. Christians devotion to saints was very much like

32. Which of the following statements does NOT describe the crusades?

33. A traveler in Tikal might have seen all of the following EXCEPT

34. Which of the following was NOT a method by which the Inca were able to effectively administer their empire?

35. Which of the following was NOT a well-traveled trade route in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries?

36. Ghana means

37. Which of the following factors do NOT explain Africa's persisting diversity?

38.

39.

40.

41. Spanish and Portuguese failure to enjoy a long term benefit from the extensive 16th-century empires was the result of:

a) staunch resistance from the colonized peopleb) their failure to develop banking and financial practices to support their endeavorsc) new world populations dropped drastically and quickly after the arrival of the Europeansd) the failure to find labor for their fields and minese) inability to construct ships that could make the trans-Atlantic voyage

42. The Japanese decision to restrict contacts from the outside world after about 1600

a) was followed by a decline in populationb) was characterized by continuing tolerance of Christiansc) followed an attempted invasion by Portuguese forcesd) did not seem to harm Japan as political consolidation and economic prosperity followed this decisione) was accompanied by the rise of the samurai class which fought the commercial development of Japan

43. The African empires of Ghana, Mali and Songhay based their wealth

a) on control of major trade routesb) on gold from the mines of West Africac) on the dominance of a large land massd) on gifts to the individual, powerful gods who were central to these kingdomse) on direct trade with the Hanseatic League

44. The commercial implications of the Mongol conquests and empire is

a) that it established over a century of peace which helped the reopening of the silk routeb) that it suppressed opponents of commerce in all culturesc) that it created new knowledge of geographyd) that it had no impact on commerce at alle) most prominent in the Western European countries and nations with centralized authority

45. Current thinking about the growth and spread of Islam now includes the belief that

a) Islam was primarily spread by the swordb) Islam did not develop in a vacuum but rather drew from a wide range of local customs and beliefsc) Islam did not draw from or accommodate local customs and beliefsd) the Moslem armies were primarily motivated by religious zeale) no region gave up control of their land without a lengthy military confrontation

46. European crusaders into the Holy Land

a) were largely mercenaries seeking their own gainb) permanently changed the political landscape of the Muslim worldc) were granted “indoctrinated utopia” from their sinsd) collaborated closely with the Byzantine Christianse) sought to realize their dream of a totally Christian world

47. The sculpture above is part of what artistic movement:

a) the Golden Age of Greeceb) the Renaissancec) the introduction of Christian forms of art to Mughal Indiad) the Diasporesque Movemente) Romanticism

48. The invasion of India by the Mughals

a) originated in Chinab) did not follow the routes used by earlier invaders such as the Aryansc) followed overland passages from the Northwestd) came across the Arabian Seae) utilized their naval superiority to dominate coastal regions

49. One of the reasons for the success of Akbar in solidifying the Mughal empire

a) his ruthless suppression of opposition to his laws.b) his willingness to work with rather than subjugate the different peoples of India.c) the success of Muslim clergy in converting all Indians to Islamd) his conversion to Hinduisme) ability to speak languages from multiple continents

50. The above map best describes:

a) the European trading ports at the height of the global trading networkb) the competition of Protestantism and Catholicismc) the major fiefdoms of the Middle Agesd) the major trading partners of Russia during the early modern erae) Adolph Hitler’s territorial claims in 1938

51. Latin European cities were able to adapt more quickly to changing market conditions than cities in China and the Islamic world because they were

a) autonomousb) under direct imperial controlc) controlled by the noblesd) more numerouse) more densely populated

52. During the Hundred Years War in Italy and Germany

a) monarchs forced closer ties with the nobility, the church, and merchantsb) gunpowder usage was not used due to notions of chivalryc) political power remained in the hands of small states and loose alliancesd) monarchs united people into countriese) charters were written that stated that monarchs were subject to established law

53. Which of the following was not a reason why China was unable to assimilate the Vietnamese despite direct rule for almost a millennium?

a) expansive immigration from China to Vietnam prevented centralized ruleb) Vietnam emphasized nuclear family rather than typical Chinese extended familiesc) higher status of women given by Vietnamesed) different languagee) tradition of local authority inherent in village leaders

54. Which of the following was a reform put in place by the Yuan (Mongol) dynasty?

a) reinstated the civil service exam systemb) divided the social structure ethnically with Mongols placed at the topc) prevented merchants from rising in statusd) demanded implementation of footbinding practicese) allowed Chinese to rule as Mongols returned to steppe

55. Which of the following was not a characteristic of European trade and exploration during the 15th and 16th centuries?

a) exploration of African coastlineb) need for new routes to avoid Ottoman control of the Middle Eastc) creation of large agricultural estates in the Americasd) Caribbean island settlement patterns later adopted in parts of Americae) desire to find a short cut to the Adriatic Sea

56. The decline of the Middle East can be attributed to

a) intellectual creativity spawned by internal improvementsb) emphasis shifted to religion and away from philosophy and sciencec) declining role of Sufisd) peasantry gained new role in governmente) decrease in taxation led to choice to no longer tax “people of the book”

57. All of the following were characteristics of European-colonized America except

a) emphasis on nuclear familyb) developed representative institutions similar to those of Europec) focus on elaborate art and urbanizationd) greater sense of individual freedom than in Europee) emphasis on care of children

58. Which of the following was a demographic characteristic of the Americas?

a) miscegenationb) overall increase in population of indigenous population due to improved dietc) African religion dominated the cultural interchanged) social hierarchy based on wealth first and race seconde) the only ethnic group below slaves were the Indians

59. What is the name given to the Russians encouraged to expand eastward

a) Sovietsb) Cossacksc) Chechnyensd) Armenianse) Romanovs

60. All of the following were alterations in the theological outlook of Western Europe between 1000 and 1400 except

a. development of universities led to intellectual innovationb. resistance from those like Bernard of Clairvaux who favored mysticism over rationalismc. introduction of classical authors during 12th century that led to greater synthesis of rationalism and theologyd. rejection of theological beliefs by Thomas Aquinas leading up to the Reformatione. Peter Abelard introduced use of logic to consider doctrinal issues

61. Which of the following best describes the difference between manorialism and feudalism?

a. manorialism was a series of political relationships whereas feudalism was a series of navigational relationshipsb. manorialism involved taxation whereas feudalism did notc. manorialism was a relationship between landlords and laborers whereas feudalism was a military relationship between members of the military elited. manorialism led to the downfall of the Roman Empire whereas feudalism helped the Roman Empire recovere. manorialism was found in Western Europe whereas feudalism was found in Eastern Europe

62. Which of the following did not lead to the decline of Buddhism in under the Tang and Song dynasties

a. denouncement of the role of the scholar gentryb. strengthening of traditional Confucian schoolsc. fear of Buddhist monastic control of landd. fear that Buddhists represented an economic threate. belief that Buddhism was a foreign innovation

63. Which of the following best describes the government of Japan between the Gempei wars and the Tokugawa Shogunate?

a. rise of central administrationb. Edo, as well as Tokyo, became centers of both political and cultural lifec. country divided up into small kingdoms ruled by daimyosd. scholar gentry increased in importancee. ruled for 150 years by the Portuguese and the Dutch

64. Which of the following was not received by the Americas due to the Columbian Exchange?

a. syphilisb. large beasts of burdenc. Catholicismd. slavese. smallpox 65. According to the Treaty of Tordesillas, Portugal gained control of which of the following territories

a. North Americab. Brazilc. Haitid. Cubae. Peru

66. Which country was not a major participant during the age of exploration?

a. the Portugueseb. the Dutchc. the Britishd. the Frenche. the Italians

67. Which of the following best describes the Tokugawa Shogunate’s treatment of European influence ?

a. acceptance of Christianity, but all goods from Europe bannedb. acceptance of Christianity and trade with Europe out of ports of Nagasaki, Hokkaido, and Okinawac. initial acceptance of Christian missionaries followed by extreme persecutiond. full scale integration of European goods into Japanese culturee. rejection of ideas from southern Europe, but acceptance of those from northern Europe

68. Which of the following most accurately describes Islamic conversion of the African states?

a. after early conversion through military penetration, most contacts were probably made through trade and commerceb. because most societies were animistic, Muslims always had to resort to military pressure to force conversionc. Muslims felt pressure to convert Africans in order to fulfill their obligations outlined under the Qur’rand. for the Africans that did convert, the majority were previously Christian and already had exposure to monotheistic religione. agricultural laborers more readily converted to Islam than did merchants or local leaders

69. What was the primary religious difference between Mughal India and Safavid Persia?

a. Mughal India forced the conversion of all Hindus to gain full citizenshipb. the Safavid Empire was more successful in converting the local population to one religion than was the Mughal Empirec. The rulers of the Mughal Empire were Hindu whereas the rulers of the Safavid Empire were Muslimd. Mughal India believed in animism and polytheism whereas Safavid Persia believed in Buddhisme. Mughal India had a majority Christian population in the southern portion of the subcontinent

70. Which of the following was not a region controlled by a European power in 18th century?

a. Northern Californiab. Ethiopiac. Haitid. Perue. Canada

Use the following excerpt to answer questions 70-72.

In the whole world there are to be found no more obedient subjects than the Tartars…They pay their lords more respect than any other people, and would hardly dare lie to them. Rarely do they revile each other, but if they should, the dispute hardly ever leads to blows. Wars, quarrels, the infliction of bodily harm, and manslaughter do not occur among them, and there are no large-scale thieves or robbers among them…

They are messy in their eating and drinking and in their whole way of life. Drunkenness is honorable among them…At the same time they are mean and greedy, and if they want something, they will not stop begging and asking for it, until they have got it. They cling fiercely to what they have, and in making gifts they are extremely miserly.

71. In the above excerpt the term Tartars refers to a group of people more commonly known as

a. Muslimsb. Mongolsc. Hunsd. Buddhist missionariese. conquistadors

72. From the excerpt, one could probably surmise that the author is

a. more materialistic than the subjectb. that the subject is more materialistic than the authorc. that the author was paid by the subject to only give a positive accountingd. a female noblee. an atheist

74. Which of the following had the least attractive manufactured goods to offer in 1500

a. Indiab. Englandc. Chinad. Persiae. Russia

75. The political organization of England following William the Conqueror most closely resembled that of

a. Mughal Indiab. Athenian democracyc. Tokugawa Japand. Vietnam in the 1200se. the empire of Mansa Musa

76. In 1300, which city would you most likely see the above form of artwork?

a. Constantinopleb. Parisc. St. Petersburgd. Meccae. Rome

“Christians are to be taught that the pope would and should wish to give of his own money, even though he had to sell the basilica of St. Peter, to many of those from whom certain hawkers of indulgences cajole money.”

77. The above quote most likely comes from

a. Cardinal Richeliub. Martin Lutherc. Ibn Battutad. Marco Poloe. Ponce de Leon

78. Unlike the Ottomans and Safavids, the Mughals

a. favored tradeb. were intolerant of religious differencesc. avoided the use of advanced military technologiesd. did not conquer lands for religious reasonse. never developed a strong centralized state or government

79. The highest prices in the Asian network were paid for

a. cotton textilesb. spicesc. bulk items such as foodstuffsd. silk and porcelainse. gold and silver

80. Following the defeat and expulsion of the Mongols from China,

a. a legalist regime was establishedb. the Ming Dynasty arosec. peasants were granted equality with the scholar-gentry and noble classesd. China converted to Buddhisme. the civil service exam system of the Mongols was ended