1. what material items do you cherish the greatest as a teenager? 2. how do you attain these items...
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1. What material items do you cherish the greatest as a teenager?
2. How do you attain these items for use?
3. Could you live without these items for a long period of time (are they needs or wants)?
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North and Central African Societies
Chapter 15
Section 1
Mr. Amos
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Influenced by Geography Topography influences how a community is
often organized in Africa; Climate and Land Forms
Some communities are bound by religion, family ties, or close family units
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Oldest form of social organization in the world
Rely on hunting and gathering practices for survival
Move from place to place in search of resources
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Homes are temporary Collect few
possessions Women are gatherers
(yams, roots, berries) Men are Hunters
(antelope w/ poisoned tipped arrows)
Honey- prized delicacy
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Turn to page 367 of your textbook and read the excerpt entitled Hunters-Gatherers. Answer the following questions in your notes:
1. What percent of the African population are hunters and gatherers today?
2. What has happened as a result of globalization to this lifestyle?
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Respected older male serves as primary leader
He does not give orders, every family has a say in community affairs
Guidelines for share of food and resources
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Families organized in lineages - Belief that all descendants are from a
common ancestor (includes past generations and future ones)
Stateless Society- cultural groups in which authority is shared by lineages of equal power instead of having a central Gov.
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Most developed south of the Sahara
Patrilineal Society- trace ancestors though the father
Matrilineal- Children trace ancestors through mothers
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Read in your textbook concerning Daily Life on page 369 and answer the following in your notes:
1. How do you and your kinship negotiate family issues?
2. Do you think that this way of solving problems would work in your family?
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After Muhammad’s death in 632 Islam spread across the NW part of Africa
Islam in the Maghrib- North Africa that is today the Mediterranean coast (Morocco, Tunisia, and Algeria)
Leaders ruled by Islamic Law (Sharia)
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Following the law is a religious obligation No separation of personal life and law;
Islamic law regulates all areas of human life
Because of the Sharia (the way) brought order to North Africa and formed a common identity.
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Influence
- cohesion of ethnicity
- politically
- Socially One group influenced
by Islam were the BERBERS- Nomadic people of N. Africa
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Dynasty of 11th Century
Pilgrim brought Abd Allah Ibn Yasin back to N. Africa
Conquest to spread Islam 1050’s
- Overran Ghana 1076 - Parts of southern Spain (Moors)
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Abd al-Mumin- Leader Ousted the Almoravid
and fought to remain true to Islamic beliefs
Lasted 100 yrs but united all of the Maghrib under one rule
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Choose a society to form your group into involving one of the three we have discussed in class and answer the following:
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• Pick a leader.• How would you gain resources to
support your community?• How would you settle disputes? Create
some form of law to reside over the community.
• What problems might occur? How would you handle them as a group?
• Where would you live? What kind of shelter might you have?
• What would be some key items for your group to survive in Africa (Climate, Geography)?