10 sem 2

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LIFESTYLES UNIT 10

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unit 10 2nd semester

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Page 1: 10 sem 2

LIFESTYLESUNIT 10

Page 2: 10 sem 2

MODALS

What are Modal Verbs?

Modal verbs are special verbs which behave very differently from normal verbs. Here are some important differences:

1. Modal verbs do not take "-s" in the third person.

Examples:

He can speak Chinese.

She should be here by 9:00.

Page 3: 10 sem 2

MODALS

CAN - ability to do sth. in the present (substitute form: to be able to). I can speak English.

COULD - ability to do sth. in the past (substitute form: to be able to). I could speak English.

MAY - permission to do sth. in the present (substitute form: to be allowed to). May I go to the cinema?

MUST - force, necessity. I must go to the supermarket today.

Page 4: 10 sem 2

…

MUST NOT – prohibition. You mustn't work on dad's computer.

OUGHT TO – obligation. You ought to switch off the light when you leave the room.

SHALL - instead of will in the 1st person. Suggestion. Shall I carry your bag?

SHOULD – advice. You should drive carefully in bad weather.

WILL - wish, request, demand, order (less polite than would). Will you please shut the door?

WOULD - wish, request (more polite than will). Would you shut the door, please?

Page 5: 10 sem 2

2. You use "not" to make modal verbs negative, even in Simple Present and Simple Past.

Examples:

He should not be late.

They might not come to the party.

Page 6: 10 sem 2

3. Many modal verbs cannot be used in the past tenses or the future tenses.

Examples:

He will can go with us. Not Correct

She musted study very hard. Not Correct

Common Modal Verbs

Can Could May Might Must

Ought to Shall Should Will Would

Page 7: 10 sem 2

EXERCISES

http://www.englishpage.com/modals/interactivemodal1.htm

Page 8: 10 sem 2

QUESTIONS WITH HOW

HOW MUCH - We useHow much with uncountable nouns (nouns that you cannot count such as money, wine, oil etc)...You cannot make them plural . You can't say one money, or three oils.

HOW MANY - We useHow many with countable nouns (nouns that you can count such as books, countries etc). We can make these nouns plural. You also use how many with a plural verb.

HOW OLD – to ask about age! How old are you Kate?

HOW LONG – to ask about length or a period of time. How long did your grandfather live?

HOW OFTEN – to ask about frequency. How often do you go to the gym?

Page 9: 10 sem 2

EXERCISES

http://www.tolearnenglish.com/exercises/exercise-english-2/exercise-english-24600.php

Page 10: 10 sem 2

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