10.1 early ideas about evolution
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10.1 Early Ideas About Evolution. What is evolution?. Evolution is the process of biological change by which descendants come to differ from their ancestors. Evolution is a central theme in all fields of biology today. Charles Darwin. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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10.1 Early Ideas About Evolution
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What is evolution?• Evolution is the process
of biological change by which descendants come to differ from their ancestors.
• Evolution is a central theme in all fields of biology today.
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Charles Darwin• Natural selection was the
theory he proposed to explain evolution.– He attempted to provide
reasons for the biological diversity on Earth.
• However, Darwin was not the first scientist to study evolution.
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4 Scientists before Darwin…
•Carolus Linnaeus•Georges Buffon•Erasmus Darwin
• Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
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Carolus Linnaeus• In the 1700s, he
developed a classification system to help organize all types of organisms into categories based on their similarities.– Scientists still use his
classification system today.
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Georges Buffon• He proposed that
species shared ancestors rather than arising separately.– Species is a group of
organisms so similar to one another that they can reproduce and have fertile offspring.
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Erasmus Darwin• Charles Darwin’s
grandfather• Proposed that all
living things were descended from a common ancestor and that more-complex forms developed from less-complex forms
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Jean-Baptiste Lamarck• He believed that
species evolved into different forms rather than becoming extinct…flawed idea!
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Jean-Baptiste Lamarck• He proposed the idea of inheritance of
acquired characteristics:– changes in an environment caused an organism’s
behavior to change– this would lead to greater use or disuse of a
structure or organ. – the structure would become larger or smaller and
would then be passed down to offspring• For example: giraffes’ long necks
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So….Darwin based his studies on the work of these four men and developed his theory
known as evolution by natural selection.