1. 1 2010 Macademia Session # 6 November 18, 2010 TODAYS TOPIC: Small Hydro Power (and a Wind Interview) Concept and Contents Copyright Macademia 2010; Copyright on pictures as indicated; no unauthorized use or publication Picture Copyright: E.ON 2010, no further use allowed without permission

2. 2 2010 Macademia Where are we now? Policy approachesWind Solar PV Funding Solar Thermal SHP & Wind Interview Session # 6 November 18, 2010 3. 3 2010 Macademia What we will cover History and Basics of Small Hydropower Main turbine types and applications The Renaissance of Small Hydro/Potential Going back to Wind: Interview with Nico Kllner Picture Copyright to Thermovolt France S.A.S., no further use allowed without permission Session # 6 November 18, 2010 4. 4 2010 Macademia Your visiting scholar today:Your visiting scholar today: Nico Kllner, E.ON Climate & Renewables Session # 6 November 18, 2010 5. 5 2010 Macademia Definition of Small Hydro Centuries of Hydropower use From small turbine applications to large hydro Main types of systems used 1 The Basics of Small Hydropower Our Schedule for Today Session # 6 November 18, 2010 6. 6 2010 Macademia Efficiency and types of turbine systems Costs depending on system Locations and Environmental Impact Potential for Small Hydropower 2 Key Topics in Small Hydropower Our Schedule for Today Session # 6 November 18, 2010 7. 7 2010 Macademia The Link to Small Hydropower From Turbine Sizes to the Location key factors Future Challenges 3 A look back to Wind Power Our Schedule for Today Session # 6 November 18, 2010 8. 8 2010 Macademia A Country Before we start B Data C Business What is happening in the Forum? Session # 6 November 18, 2010 9. 9 2010 Macademia The definition of small hydro no standardization Upper Limits from 2.5 MW 30 MW Frequently used: 10 MW capacity Substantial impact of small systems 1 The Basics of Small Hydropower Session # 6 November 18, 2010 10. 10 2010 Macademia A long mechanical tradition at different development stages Water turbine development in France / 19th century 1880s larger scale electricity generation Early 20th century: development of todays technology 1 Centuries of traditional use Session # 6 November 18, 2010 11. 11 2010 Macademia 1 From small applications to Large Hydro A tendency to larger units throughout 20th century Particularly 1930s to 1970s As with other renewables: renewed interest after oil crises in the 1970s Session # 6 November 18, 2010 12. 12 2010 Macademia 1 Main Types of Systems High-head system Low-head system Supplemental systems - irrigation - drinking water supply - agricultural purposes Session # 6 November 18, 2010 13. 13 2010 Macademia 2 Key Topics: Costs Main Components for Small-Hydropower - Engineering Expenditures - Electrical Equipment / Material used - Turbine System Costs shared very unevenly depending on type of system used Session # 6 November 18, 2010 14. 14 2010 Macademia 2 Key Topics: Costs Best Competitiveness - Good site / location with appropriate topography - Suitable for system with relatively low investment costs Wide range of investment costs and availability of systems Session # 6 November 18, 2010 15. 15 2010 Macademia Session # 6 November 18, 2010 2 Key Topics: Environmental Impacts Potential impacts of Small Hydropower - Impact on ground-water level - Natural habitat - Fish migration routes - Water quality issues - River flow characteristics 16. 16 2010 Macademia Session # 6 November 18, 2010 2 Key Topics: Environmental Impacts Potential impacts of Small Hydropower - Cleaning up garbage - Enhance water quality - Green regional energy supply 17. 17 2010 Macademia 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 1987 1992 1997 2002 2007 2010 PowerperUnit,kW/Unit LeistungproAnlage,kW/WEA Moving towards optimum capacity of turbines Source: DEWI, Status der Windenergienutzung in Deutschland, p. 6 18. 18 2010 Macademia Discussion with Nico Kllner, E.ON 3 Interview with our expert Session # 6 November 18, 2010 19. 19 2010 Macademia Development of Turbine Sizes Potential for further savings Repowering with huge potential? Offshore as the future frontier? Small decentralized solutions The big topics in Wind Power Session # 6 November 18, 2010 20. 20 2010 Macademia Think about a Renewables portfolio for your country Which technologies would you recommend? Which policy instruments would you use? ...and for next week, please: Session # 6 November 18, 2010 21. 21 2010 Macademia Your visiting scholar next week: Alexander Saier United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, Cancun (invited, tbc) Session # 6 November 18, 2010