11 february 2000genova (i)1 esa space environment & effects analysis section space radiation...
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11 February 2000 Genova (I) 1
ESA Space Environment & Effects Analysis Section
Space Radiation Environment
P. Nieminen, ESA/ESTEC, The Netherlands
Overview Solar cosmic rays Trapped particles in the Earth’s magnetosphere Cosmic Rays Other sources SREM on ESA missions Conclusions
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Solar flare electrons,protons, and heavy ions
Jovianelectrons
Solar flare neutronsand -rays
SolarX-rays
Galactic and extra-galacticcosmic rays
Induced emission
Neutrinos
Trapped particles
Anomalouscosmic rays
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Solar cycles Sunspot number from 1750
Yohkoh SXT 1991 and 1995
ESA Space Environment & Effects Analysis Section
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Solar proton/ion events
Proton event on 20-23 April -98& ISO Star Tracker fake counts
SOHO EIT
New MexicoHimage
ESA Space Environment & Effects Analysis Section
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SOHO LASCO instrumentbefore the event...
… and after.
ESA Space Environment & Effects Analysis Section
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Trapped particles
The SAA
ESA Space Environment & Effects Analysis Section
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Trapped particles
Electron spectra
Proton spectra
REMdata
ESA Space Environment & Effects Analysis Section
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Cosmic rays
In space, long-term data from various missions On ground, terrestrial source (cosmic ray showers): Neutron monitor network
High-energy tail up to ~1022 eV
Peak at ~500 MeV
Anomalous CR
ESA Space Environment & Effects Analysis Section
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“Exotic” sources
Jovian electrons from Mercury to outer Solar System
Solar neutrons (at 1 AU~10 MeV and above)
“Knee” at ~20 MeV
ESA Space Environment & Effects Analysis Section
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Standard Radiation Environment Monitor (SREM)
ESA Space Environment & Effects Analysis Section
Optimised Al-Ta “Sandwich structure”.
Aluminum
TantalumSilicon (detectors)
D1 D2
Trade-off:
- Performance- Cost- Mass- Volume
e-
(p+)
e-
Simulation outcome: modularity (D3) - Electrons > 0.5 MeV- Protons > 10 MeV- Heavy ions qualitatively
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ESA Space Environment & Effects Analysis Section
FIRSTINTEGRAL
PROBA
International Space Station
Mars Express
Missions with SREM...
Rosetta
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ESA Space Environment & Effects Analysis Section
Conclusions
Space radiation environment highly complex and dynamic
From DNA damage point of view, heavy ions have priority; however other sources & secondary emissions also need to be considered
ESA-sponsored work on several space-specific modules completed or underway;
the toolkit has the required basic capabilities