11076 republic of cuba

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Republic of Cuba

ANKIT DUBEY (11076)



CUBA

Largest Caribbean island. In 1902 gained formal independence.

American trade dominated Cuba till 1959

Spanish settlers first established the raising of cattle, sugarcane andtobacco as Cuba’s primary economic pursuits.

Cuba was the last major colony to gain independence. Area: 110,860 sq. km. (44,200 sq. mi.); slightly smaller than

Pennsylvania.Cities: Capital --Havana (pop. 2 million). Other major cities --Santiagode Cuba, Camaguey, Santa Clara, Holguin , Pinar del Rio.Terrain: Flat or gently rolling plains, hills; mountains up to 2,000

meters (6,000 ft.) in the southeast.Climate: Tropical, moderated by trade winds; hurricane season(August-November); dry season (November-April); rainy season(May-October).



GOVERNMENT

Current President of Cuba is Raul Castro, who replaced hisbrother, Fidel Castro, on February 24, 2008

Type: Totalitarian communist state; current governmentassumed power by force on January 1, 1959.Independence: May 20, 1902.Political party: Cuban Communist Party (PCC); only one partyallowed.

Administrative subdivisions: 15 provinces, including the city ofHavana, and one special municipality (Isle of Youth).



CUBA AND US RELATIONSHIP

•Relation between US and Cuba deteriorated.

•US imposed an embargo on Cuba in Octoberin 1960 and it is still in effect as of 2008.

•US pressure made other nation to restrict tradewith Cuba.



LEGAL SYSTEM

The Highest court in Cuba is the People’s Supreme Court.

The National Assembly elects judges on the Supreme Court

The relevant Popular Power Assembly elects all provincial judges in Cuba.

The Supreme Court consists of a president, vice-president. In the hierarchy of the Cuban judicial system, all other

professional and lay-judges follow those appointed to theSupreme Court in the following manner: the Whole, the StateCouncil, criminal, civil, administrative, labor, crimes-against-the-estate and military courts.

Although Supreme Court judges are accountable to theNational Assembly, the system is based on the principle thatall judges are independent and subject only to the law.



DEMOGRAPHIC

Population: 11.2 million; 76% urban, 24% rural .

Ethnic groups: 65% white, 25% mixed, 10% black.

Language: Spanish. Literacy --99.8% (25 years and

older, according to Cuban Government sources). Work force (5.07 million): Services (including

education, health and social services)--42%;agriculture --19%; commerce and tourism --12%;industry --11%; transport, storage, and

communications --6%; construction --5%; mining,electricity, gas and water --2%.



Cuban culture enjoys a rich heritage in the field ofart, music and literature.

Music in Cuba is influenced by the musical styles ofSpain, France and America.

Dancing is the main source of entertainment for theCubans. In fact many important dancing forms suchas Salsa had their roots in Cuba.

Cuban with the main religions being Catholic andSanteria.

Cuba also boasts about a really rich literature thathas given rise to many important writers and poets.

CULTURE



ECOMOMY

GDP (official 2010 statistics, based on constant1997 prices): $51.01 billion.

Real annual growth rate: 2.1% (2010).

GDP per capita income (2010 est., based onconstant 1997 prices): $4,545(Upper MiddleIncome).

Natural resources: Nickel, cobalt, iron ore, copper,manganese, salt, timber, oil, natural gas.

Agriculture: Products --sugar, citrus and tropicalfruits, tobacco, coffee, rice, beans, meat,vegetables.



Industry: Types --sugar and food processing, oil refining,cement, electric power, light consumer and industrial products,pharmaceutical and biotech products.

Trade: Exports (2009)--$2.88 billion f.o.b.: nickel/cobalt, oil andoil derivatives, pharmaceutical and biotech products, sugar and

its byproducts, tobacco, seafood, citrus, tropical fruits, coffee. Major export markets (2009)--Venezuela $533 million (19%);

China $517 million (18%); Canada $434 million (15%);Netherlands $237 million (8%); Spain $155 million (5%); Russia$88 million (3%); Brazil $69 million (2%); Netherlands Antilles$59 million (2%); France $45 million (2%); others $742 million

(26%). Cuba has two currencies in circulation: the peso (CUP), and the

convertible peso (CUC), both of which are fixed by thegovernment.



SECTORS CONTRIBUTE TO GDP

Tourism figures prominently in the Cuban Government'splans for development, and a top official casts it as atthe "heart of the economy." Havana devotes significantresources to building new tourist facilities andrenovating historic structures for use in the tourism

sector. Nickel became the leading export and the top foreign

exchange earner in 2007, valued at approximately $2.8billion.

Cuba's pharmaceutical and biotechnology industry isanother emerging sector, ranking third in foreign sales

behind nickel and oil products, and ahead of traditionalproducts such as tobacco, rum, and sugar. Exports ofpharmaceutical and biotech products were between$300 and $350 million in 2007-2008 and jumped to $520million in 2009.



HOW TO BE SUCCESSFUL IN THE CUBAN

MARKET:

Cuban importers deal only with established companiesthat have a proven track record of at least five years and(ideally) some foreign market experience. Individualentrepreneurs or newly-created companies specificallytargeting the Cuban market will not be considered.

The proposed product/service should address currentgovernment priorities, which currently are: i] foodsecurity; ii] improvement of domestic production; and iii]reduced dependency on imports. Initiatives thatgenerate hard currency revenues will also be given

serious consideration. Cuban state importers areinstructed to avoid dealing with intermediaries / middlemen (e.g., agents, distributors, brokers, andtrading houses) wherever possible.



BUSINESSES WISHING TO PENETRATE THE CUBAN MARKET SHOULD HAVE:

A competitive product or service – ideally one thatdecreases Cuba’s dependency on imports or increasesits capacity to export

A solid medium-to-long term strategy with the financialresources to carry it out (i.e., be prepared to wait 2-3

years before generating a return on investment) An internal “champion” at the executive level (preferably

Spanish-speaking) who can devote at least half theirtime towards this initiative

A marketing budget of at least $75,000 – particularly forall-important face-to-face visits in Cuba

Sufficient production capacity and flexibility Patience and perseverance when dealing with Cuba’s

state bureaucracy



THANK YOU

11076 republic of cuba

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