04/10/23

Plagiarism

A presentation of the MdN LRTC

Pl agiar ism Trying to claim the

credit for something

that is not your work.

PLAGIARISM – DON’T DO IT!!!

RBK International Academy

04/10/23

Plagiarism

4

Did You Know? The word plagiarism comes from the Latin plagiarius meaning "kidnapper"

San Jose State University, Plagiarism Tutorial, http://130.65.109.143/plagiarism/tutorial/introduction.php.

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Plagiarism Contd…

Plagiarism is the unauthorized use or close imitation of the language and thoughts of another author and the representation of them as one's own original work. Within academia, plagiarism by students, professors, or researchers is considered academic dishonesty or academic fraud. Plagiarism is the equivalent of cheating in an examination and will result in the immediate failure of your work. Plagiarism applies not only to words but also the use of someone else’s original ideas, statistics, charts, diagrams/images or art work. It also includes material you discover on the World Wide Web.

What’s plagiarism? Contd…

• Plagiarism is using others’ ideas and words without clearly acknowledging the source of that information.

– To avoid plagiarism, you must give credit whenever you use:

• another person’s idea, opinion, or theory; • any facts, statistics, graphs, drawings—any pieces

of information—that are not common knowledge; • quotations of another person’s actual spoken or

written words; or • paraphrase of another person’s spoken or written

words.

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Plagiarism

Examples of Plagiarism…

• Copying and pasting text from online encyclopedias

• Copying and pasting text from any web site

• Using photographs, video or audio without permission or acknowledgement

• Using another student’s or your parents’work and claiming it as your own even with permission

• Using your own work without properly citing it!

From: Mirka, 2004, The Plagiarism Trap. Powerpoint Presentation

04/10/23

Plagiarism

A presentation of the MdN LRTC

Catching the plagiarist

The internet has made plagiarism easier with access to term paper mills, search engines, encyclopedias, etc. In response, websites have been developed which help teachers analyze papers and develop strategies to prevent plagiarism.

Some sites are:http://www.turnitin.com/

http://www.millikin.edu/wcenter/plagiarism3.html

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Techniques for Avoiding Plagiarism

Quotation mark(Parenthetical References)

ParaphraseSummarizeBibliography

What’s the difference?

• Quotations: Put in quotations everything that comes directly from the text especially when taking notes. “..” Example: According to Peter S. Pritchard in USA Today, “Public schools need reform but they’re irreplaceable in teaching all the nation’s young” (14).

• Paraphrasing: involves putting a passage from source material into your own words. A paraphrase must also be attributed to the original source. Paraphrased material is usually shorter than the original passage, taking a somewhat broader segment of the source and condensing it slightly.

• Summarizing :involves putting the main idea(s) into your own words, including only the main point(s). Once again, it is necessary to attribute summarized ideas to the original source. Summaries are significantly shorter than the original and take a broad overview of the source material.

Example

• Parenthetical reference/In-text Citation :Including a signal phrase which gives the author’s name and page no

• (Smith and Jones135-137)

• He states, “anything takes on a new meaning when we think of it as a monument” (Boorstin 215) and adds that monuments can be both man-made and natural.

• Freud states that “ a dream is the fulfillment of a wish”(154)

• Some argue that “ a dream is the fulfillment of a wish”(Freud 154)

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Strategies for Avoiding Plagiarism

Quotation Examples…

1. of less than 40 words:

He confirms our suspicions: “Because N-Gen children are born with technology, they assimilate it. Adultsmust accommodate – a different and much more difficult learning process”_

(Tapscott, 1998, p. 40).

(Punctuation is only after in-text citation.)

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BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION

Getting Started…

• What is a reference list?– A reference list at the end of a paper

provides the full information necessary to identify and retrieve each source. It cites works that specifically support a particular article.

– References should be alphabetically listed by author’s last name at the end of the paper or presentation.

• A bibliography?– A bibliography cites works for

background or for further reading.

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Strategies for Avoiding Plagiarism

1. Put in quotations everything that comes directly from the text

especially when taking notes. “..” Example: According to Peter S. Pritchard in USA Today, “Public schools need reform but they’re irreplaceable in teaching all the nation’s young” (14).

2. Paraphrase, but be sure you are not just rearranging or replacing a few words. Instead, read over what you want to paraphrase carefully; cover up the text with your hand, or close the text so you can’t see any of it (and so aren’t tempted to use the text as a “guide”). Write out the idea in your own words without peeking.

3. Check your paraphrase against the original text to be sure you have not accidentally used the same phrases or words, and that the information is accurate.

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Strategies for avoiding plagiarism

• Give credit to another person’s idea, opinion, or theory; • Mention the source of any facts, statistics, graphs, drawings—any pieces of information that are not common knowledge; • quotations mark of another person’s actual spoken or written words; or “….”

paraphrase of another person’s spoken or written words. •When citing published works, the author's name and the year of publication should be given in the text in one of the following forms: Smith (2005) or Smith and Jones (2005)or Smith et al. (2005) if many authors or (Smith, 2005) if this fits the sentence betterIf you are citing an article without a personal author, use the journal name (see example of "News item with no by-line", below) or corporate author and the year of publication e.g.Economist (2003) AOL Time Warner (2004)British Broadcasting Corporation (2004)

Citation Example 1

He states, “anything takes on a new meaning when we think of it as a monument” (Boorstin, 1987, p. 215) and adds that monuments can be both man-made and natural.

Note punctuation

What makes this sentence elegant or unique? The sentence has both a direct quotation and a paraphrase!

How to Recognize Unacceptable and Acceptable Paraphrases

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Here’s the ORIGINAL text, from page 1 of Lizzie Borden: A Case Book of Family and Crime in the 1890s by Joyce Williams et al.:The rise of industry, the growth of cities, and the expansion of the population were the three great developments of late nineteenth century American history. As new, larger, steam-powered factories became a feature of the American landscape in the East, they transformed farm hands into industrial laborers, and provided jobs for a rising tide of immigrants. With industry came urbanization the growth of large cities (like Fall River, Massachusetts, where the Borden's lived) which became the centers of production as well as of commerce and trade. Here is Plagiarised Text “The increase of industry, the growth of cities, and the explosion of

the population were three large factors of nineteenth century America. As steam-driven companies became more visible in the eastern part of the country, they changed farm hands into factory workers and provide jobs for the large wave of immigrants. With industry came the growth of large cities like Fall River where the Borden’s lived which turned into centers of commerce and trade as well as production”.

How to Recognize Unacceptable and Acceptable Paraphrases

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What makes this passage plagiarism?The preceding passage is considered plagiarism for two reasons:the writer has only changed around a few words and phrases, or changed the order of the original’s sentences. the writer has failed to cite a source for any of the ideas or facts.

How to Recognize Unacceptable and Acceptable Paraphrases

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Fall River, where the Borden family lived, was typical of north eastern industrial cities of the nineteenth century. Steam-powered production had shifted labor from agriculture to manufacturing, and as immigrants arrived in the US, they found work in these new factories. As a result, populations grew, and large urban areas arose. Fall River was one of these manufacturing and commercial centers (Williams 1).

Here’s an ACCEPTABLE paraphrase:

How to Recognize Unacceptable and Acceptable Paraphrases

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Why is this passage acceptable?This is acceptable paraphrasing because the writer:lets her reader know the source of her information. accurately relays the information in the original and uses her own words.

How to Recognize Unacceptable and Acceptable Paraphrases

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Here’s an example of quotation and paraphrase used together, which is also ACCEPTABLE:

Fall River, where the Borden family lived, was typical of northeastern industrial cities of the nineteenth century. As steam-powered production shifted labor from agriculture to manufacturing, the demand for workers "transformed farm hands into industrial laborers," and created jobs for immigrants. In turn, growing populations increased the size of urban areas. Fall River was one of these hubs "which became the centers of production as well as of commerce and trade" (Williams 1).

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How to Recognize Unacceptable and Acceptable Paraphrases

Why is this passage acceptable? records the information in the original passage accurately. gives credit for the ideas in this passage. indicates which part is taken directly from her source by putting the passage in quotation marks and citing the page number.