11~OOOARIZONA'S RECAll COVER'OR

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JERRY POLLOCK, SURROUNDED BY SUPPORTERS AS HE WALKS INTO PHOENIX, HAS WALKED ALLOVER THE STATE OF ARIZONA TO DRAMA.TIZE HIS OPPOSITION TO REPUBLICAN GoVERNOR JACK \4/ILLIAMS,

PHOENIX, Arizona-- The Citizens Committeefor the Recall of Jack Williams. a coalitionof religious, political. ecological and farmworkers groups, has submitted the signaturesof 170,775 Arizona citizens demanding thattheir Republican Governor be removed fromoffice.

The signatures were submitted here March26, a full ten months after the recall movementbegan upon Williams' signing of farm laborlegislation that farm worker representativescharacterized as "repress·veo'· However. theorganized opposition to Williams has expandedfar beyond that one interest to include rep­re3entatives from all social and political stratain the state.

Upon submission of the petitions. the Com­mittee received a r~ceipt from Secretary ofState Bolin for the numb~r of pages submitted.Actual counting will be done by individualcounty recorders. who will be sent photocopiesof the petitions from their areas. CountingW3S schedu~ed to begin \1arch 27.

A struggle over the cOilnti'1g procedure seemscertain to develclJ in Maricopa County. themost populated county in the State. CountyRecorder Paul Marston has repeatedly expres­sed his hostility ~Jwards the recall movement.

and the Recall Committee asked SecretaryBolin to name a neutral person to supervisethe counting.

"We don't want Marston to verify the sig­natures." explained recall spokesman JimDrake. "'because. according to our count. hecould throw out 58% of the Maricopa Countysignatures on technicalities--like a signatorabbreviating 'Phoenix' rather than writing itout in full."

(In a related development. the Arizona Su­preme Court ruled' that Marston's refusal tocertify registrars submitted liy the County

related story on p. 4------

Democratic Party was illegal. and orderedhim to complete their certification.)

Drake said that Governor Williams held apress conference in response to the submis­sion of the signatures. but merely tried tocloud the issues. "Williams won't even speakto the issues Jerry Pollock (who is runningagainst Williams with the support of the RecallCommittee) has raised--important issues likeecology, education, and food prices.

"For example," continued Drake. "there isa very active consumer boycott of meat going

on in this state in response to the high priceson it--a boycott organized by Housewives. Wil­liams not only refuses comment on that issue-­he seems hardly aware that the issue exists. "

AS important a step as the submission ofthe recall petitions is. it is only the firststep. The signatures must be verified. andthen the Recall Committee must gather' anadditional 43.000 valid signatures requestingthat Pollock's name be included on the ballotwith Williams'. whose name is automaticallyincluded.

"The initial stage--which we've just com­pleted--only results in forcing the Governorto stand for office again. We now begin a wholenew campaign aimed towards this new election."'explained Drake.

"In addition to the usual campaigning, we'llhave to gather these new 43.000 signatures-­actually we figure 70.000. to insure that wehave 43,000 valid signatures. We're startingon that immediately," Drake said.

"There's still a lot of fighting ahead." hecontinued. "especially with Marston over sig~.

nature verification. But we're looking for therecall election to take place next summer.And, as we have said all along, we believe-­Sit Se Puede."

In This Issue • SlAVERY I~! FLORIDA P. ?

• TEAMSTERS hOO LAPDR Cn~rrRACTnRS I P, 3

• INDIANS HnLD H1lJNDFD Kf'·IEF. I P, 5

• ~ORE ON PESTICIDE POIsnNI~~ P, q

REPORT FROMWASHINGTON, D.C.by Fr. james Vizzard,UFW Legislative Representative

FLORIDATYPHOID HEARINGS ANNOUNCED

52 elementary and secondary schools locatedin California, New Mexico and Texas.

"It is the schools and teachers of the South­west, not the students, who are failinl?j:' thereport said, claiming that schools and teachershave failed to provide equal educational oppor­tunity to a class of people because of theirethnic background, their language and theirculture.

The Commission said the schools "will con­tinue to fail" unless basic changes are madeboth in the educational programs and in thewas teachers are trained and evaluated.

Disparities of treatment afforded Anglo andMexican American students, the Commissionadded, are symptomatic of a failure by theentire educational system' 'to accept the Chi­cano child as he comes to school and to orientthe program to his cultural and linguistic needs."

In finding that Mexican American studentsare "practically ignored," the Commissionconcludes that responsibility for changing this.situation rests only in part with the individualteacper. Ultimately, responsibility lies with theschools of education in which techers aretrained and with the school systems in whichthey teach.

"Still, we are not letting up in our cam­paign against repressive legislation," said Do­rothy johnson of the UFW's Belle Glade office."Not only is the senate version of HB74 stillalive, but something like it could be resub­mitted at any time."

/ . The House of Representatives Sub-Com­mittee on Agricultural Labor made a firmcommittment March 27 to hold hearings onApril 6-7 in Florida, looking into not onlythe typhoid epidemic and the recently uncov­ered slave labor camp, but in,o the generalconditions of farm workers there as well.

The Chairman of the Sub-Committee isWm. Ford, from Michigan, who has been veryhelpful, along with freshman Congressman Wm.Lehman, from Florida. Also, a committmentwas made to Fr. Vizzard that our people wouldbe heard first.

The Union had earlier received acommittmentfrom the senate that hearings will be heldthe first week in june in Salinas regardingthe pesticides Monitor 4 and Phosdrin, andthe threats to the health of both farm workersand consumers that they present.

The Committee whfch will be holding thesehearings is the Senate Committee on Poverty,Manpower, and Migrant Labor. They also ag­reed to hear union representatives first. Theywill be looking into these two pesticides inparticular and the,. whole subject in general.The Chairman of the Committee is Sen. Gay­lord Nelson, of Wisconsin.

The hearings will be held in two sessions,one in Washington D.C. which will be to col­lect medical data, statistics, etc., and the otherin Salinas to investigate the poisoning of farmworkers in the fields and the dangers to con­sumers.

LOS ANGELES, California-- Teachers andschools in the American Southwest "are fail­ing to invo}ve Mexican Americans as activeparticipants in the classroom to the sameextent as Anglo children." This comparativeneglect in the classrooms is "likely to hinderseriously the erlucational opportunitles and a­chievement of Chicano pupils."

That is the basic conclusion' of "teachersand Students: Differences in Teacher Interactionwith Mexican American and Anglo Students,"a report released recently. by the U. S. Com­mission on Civil Rights.

Among the findings of the report:--Teachers praise Anglo students 36 percent

more often than Chicano students.··-Teachers utilize the ideas of Anglo stu­

dents 40 percent more often than those ofChicanos.

--Teachers "respond positively" to Anglostudents 40 percent more often than to Chicanos.

--Teachers direct questions to Anglo children20 percent more often than to CI1icanoyoung-,sters.

The Commission's findings were based onfirsthand observations of 430 classrooms in

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DISCRIMINATION AGAINST,CHICANO STUDENTS CHARGED

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of the evils of the crew leader system.Additionally, johnson testified before the full

Commerce Committee against HB 74•Moved by johnson's testimony and by the

more than 20,000 letters against the bill thatCommittee Chairman Rep. Donald Tucker saidhe had received, the Committee recently voted15-5 against allOWing the legislation on thefloor of the House. So, for the time beingat least, HB 74 is crippled, since it willtake a two-thirds vote of the complete Houseto bring the bill up for a vote.

"But these people wouldn't have any placeto stay because nobody wants them. Comes downto it, I don't either, on a dollars and centsbasis.

"The migrant worker is like the AmericanIndian," Lytton concluded. "He's a vanishingbreed."

AS they have in California, representativesof the United Farm Workers are fighting theCrew leader system in Florida.

"We want a hiring hall to eliminate theCrew leaders who exploit the workers," saidRoberto Acuna of the UFW. "The crew leaderproblem is ,well documented," he continued."Now we have to get rid of it." ,

Other workers reported getting paid $2 fora weeks work, and being forced to give Brownfood they'd bought with their own food stamps.only to have him sell it back to them at ex­orbident prices.

The crew leader system works much thesame way as the labor contractor system inCalifornia. George Lytton, a tomato growerfrom the area who used Brown, described itthis way:

The contractor is paid $2.50 an hour forhimself while his pickers are in the field.He's also paid a dollar "per head" for, eachworker he brings to the field. /

On top of that, he gets 85 cents for eachbucket of tomatos his workers pick. Out ofthat, he suppo'Sedly pays the workers 25 centsa bucket.

But joe Brown's workers got nothing buta little food, a couple of bucks a week andan occasional beating.

Nonetheless, Lytton said of Brown, "Hehas always been four-square with me. Whenyou need field labor, you deal with a contrac­tor.

"The reason these people are migrants isthat they all drink too much wine:' Lyttonwent on. "The colored people don't want towork too hard. I can get maybe 25 Mexicansthat can do the work bf 40 or 50 coloredpeople.

" ... I DON'T HAVE MUCH USE FOR' eM"

'The Union has been fighting House Bill 74in the Florida legislature, a bill which wouldoutlaw the, Union hiring hall and preservethe crew leader system. Two of the manyworkers who had been held by Brown, RobertWashington and Theodore johnson, went to·Tallahassee after their release from Brown'scamp to tell the House Subcommittee on Labor

2 ~ EL MALCRIADO • April 6, 1973

Brown was arrested as he walked to his1973 Cadillac Eldorado. which he reportedlybought earlier in the day for $16,000 in cash.At the time of his arrest his was carryinga bag containing $43,786 in cash.

Workers told police that they were heldat the camp, often at gunpoint, and those tryingto leave were severely beaten by Brown ifcaught.

They reported that Brown also used economicpressure to hold workers. "Every week I'dend up owing him $100, $200," one of the wor­kers told the press. "I don't know what Iowed him for. That's what he had on the books.I work every day, driving a truck. I don't

.know how I could do it--get into that muchdebL" -

A NEW CADILLAC &$43,786

UR~J BEATS HB 74

WEEKLY HAGES: $2.00

SLAVERY AIN'T DEADHOMESTEAD, Florida--With the state still

feeling the effects of the typhoid e'pidemicthat hit farm workers here recently, another

.farm labor scandal has hit Dade County--thistime the virtual slavery of farm workers by"crew leaders". the Florida counterpart tothe California labor contractor.

Contractor joe L. Brown, 35, of 32 SWFourth St. in Homestead, and Lafayette Matthew,27, described as a camp guard, were chargedby Homestead police with false imprisonmentand conspiracy to commit a felony after workerstestified Brown and Matthew held them in the

\camp by force and against their will.

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IHTBY

SlrlWAISUIT

FOOD CHL\IN AJ)\1ITSPDycon

HAS CUT PLlSINESS$100 MILLION

Farmworkers Jerry Cohen exp1ained that fromSafeway Stores. Inc. filed a $150 million press reports the suit "appears to be a smoke-

suit against Cesar Chavez and the United Farm screen to cover Safeway's callous attitudeWorkers last Friday. claiming union •'harass- toward farm workers and consumers." Cohenment" of the giant fiid chain since the beg- cited Safeway's continued claim it sells "unioninning of the union's lettuce boycott. lettuce" although the California Supreme Court

Safeway claimed that the Union had filed declared three months ago that the Teamstersa series of false and misleading lawsuits union (to which Safeway is referring) doesthat included charges that the market mislabeled not represent the majority of farm workers.meat products. sold insect-infested cookies and Safeway has also displayed "a consistentcereals ,favored growers and the Teamst~rs pattern of consumer Jraud," and Cohen saysover Farmworkers in the struggle for UUlon- he has documents to back up his charges.ization. and had conspired to financially destroy "We have affadavits from people who vom-the labor movement in the U.S. ited after they ate Safeway lettuce. because

Safeway also claimed that union picketin, of the high pesticide residue." We even haveof the store's branches was a "conspiracy one woman who fed Safeway lettuce to herto restrain trade" under provisions of the states chicken--and the chicken died." Additionally.Business and Professional Code. In a previous Cohen says, consumer groups have gatheredsuit, Safeway said that picketed stores were evidence of Safeway's consumer fraud thatlosing an average of $5.000 a day; in this ranges' 'from hamburger with too much farsuit it is asking for $100 million in profits in it to mislabe~ed meats to poisoned lettucelost due to the union boycott. plus an addit- to cookies with bugs in them."ional $50 million in "exemplary damages." Asked about Safeway's allegation that the

Safeway attorneys in addition asked Los Union organized "violent and mass picketing"Angeles Superior Judge Campbell Lucas to limit of the supermarket. Cohen responded, ••The vio­picketing and restrain union members from lence charge is just another smokescreen to"harassing customers" after earlier failing get public support--but I think it will fail."to obtain a similar injunction from a different He also noted that in its accusations of vio­judge. They also asked that the union and all lence, Safeway failed to mention its Calexicorelated people be prevented from initiating manager who has been charged with assaultor prosecuting •• any legal action for the pur- of a picketer there.pose of coercing (Safeway) to meet ( union) Asked for boycotter's reaction to Safeway'sboycott demands." suit. LeRoy Chatfield, Southern California Boy-

Reached at their Oakland general head- cott organizer responded that most see itquarters Monday, Safeway spokesmen refused "as Safeway still trying to destroy poor people,to make further comment. Safeway President as another huge corporation trying to opl)ressW.S. Mitchell would not return ELMALCRIADO and intimidate people who won't be oppressedphone calls, and General Counsel Robert Valor intimidated any longer."Gernert would say only that the food chain "This' suit won't stop the boycott either.was "not prepared to make any further 'state- Chatfield warned. "In California alone overment at this time. We laid it on the line 55.000 Safeway customers have responded byin presenting the suit." going elsewhere to shop. And now Safeway

Union 'lawyers had not received copies of is admitting that the boycott has cost themthe suit by presstime, but counsel for the $100 million--no we're not going tobe stopped."

WHO WP6 \HAT. DEAR?

OBSC.ENE. P\J(INE. CALL!~Nl) \N A ~ORlC.\GM\.ANGUA<:'E. !

the contractors all their lives and now theTeamsters come along and institutionalize thm.It's going to infuriate the workers."

The Teamsters have announced that theirorganizers are active in the field in signingup individual labor contractors.

SUMERS WHO ARE EATING IT. FARM WOR­KERS CUTTING LETTUCE IN THE IMPERIALVALLEY ARE SUFFERING SEVERE SYMP­TOMS OF NERVE GAS POISONING. IT ISIMPERATIVE ALSO THAT YOU INVESTIGATETHE AGENCIES, INCLUDING THE ENVIRON­MENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY AND THEFOOD Al':D DRUG ADMINISTRATION, WHICHARE ALLOWING CONTAMINATED LETTUCETO BE SHIPPED ACROSS STATE LINES. BYDOING SO THEY ARE SERVING THE AGRI­BUSINESS AND CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES THEYARE REQUIRED TO REGULATE.

- -Cesar E. Chavez. DirectorUnited Farm Workers Union, AFL-CIO

CESAR CHAVEZ DEMANDS·mlSONED· LETTIJCE INVESTlGATIO~1

FRESNO California--The Teamsters havenegotiated'a master contract with the NationalF arm Labor Contractor's Association hereunder which farm workers controlled by par­ticipating labor contractors will become a partof the Teamsters union.

In effect, the labor contractors will becomethe Teamsters' hiring hall. .

A source close to the negotiatons betweenthe two parties was quoted as saying, •'Thisis the only weapon they· (the contractors) haveto fight with, otherwise Chavez will put themout of business. At this point the contractorwould sleep with the devil and maybe that'swhat he is' doing. II .

When told of the agreement, UFW attorneyJerry Cohen sald.···I1:· s ridiculous, it's theultimate sell-out. The workers have bp.en fighting

TEAMSTERS SIGNWITH LAPDR CONTRACTORS

LETTUCE BEING SHIPPED FROM CALIFOR­NIA AND ARIZONA IS CONTAMINATED WITHPOISONS, INCLUDING MONITOR 4 AND PHOS­DRIN. IT IS .ty10ST VITAL THAT YOU CON­DUCT AN INVESTIGATION IMMEDIATELY TODETERMINE THE EFFECT OF THIS DAN­GEROUS POISON ON WORKERS WHO AREHARVESTING THE LETTUCE AND THE CON- .

FARM '~RI<FR

RFNFFITIN MnHfFRRFY

The following telegram was sent to SenatorGaylord Nelson, Democrat of Wisconsin andChairman of the Senate SUbcommitte on Mi­gratory Labor, on March 16:

........................... - -.-.-.-.-.-................................... •....•..............•.•.....................•..............................:.:.:.: : .. . :.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.;.:.:.:.:.;.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.;.:•••.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:•.•.••••••••;•.•~.:.:.:.:.~.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:~:~:!:!:!:!:!:!:!.!.!.!.!.!.!.!.~.~.~.!.~,,~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.~.:.:.~.~.~.~.:.:.:.:.:.~.~.~ =.~.:..=.~ •.:~;~:~'~'~'~'~'~'~'~'~'~'~'~':'~'~'~':':':':'~':""" ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 00000. 0000_. - •••••••••••• • Apr; 1 6. 1973 • EL MALCRIADO • 3

-Santa ,Maria Valley

GUADALUPE PARANTS QUESTIONSECRET TRUSTEES MEETING

In an open letter to Santa Barbara DistrictAttorney David Mipier, parents of children inthe Guadalupe Union School District have askedfor an investigation into an unannounced closedBoard of Trustees meeting in violation ofthe Brown Act barring secret meetings of pub­lic bodies.

The letter states that following the specialschool board meeting last Monday night March19, Superintendent Kermit McKenzie and Prin­cipal Ross Ruth met privately with all fivemembers of the Board. This closed sessionwas not scheduled in advance pursuant to Gov­ernment Code sections providing for the callingof special meetings. Nor was there any an­noucement made subsequent to this meetingdisclosing the substance of the discussions.

The letter concludes with the statementthat "the people of Guadalupe have a rightto know what actions are being taken by itsschool officials that relate to school policiesand children in the district. The GuadalupeBoard of Trustees is not a private club. Itis a public body that should be responsibleto all the citizens of Guadalupe for its actions.

MILLION DOLLAR SUIT AGAINSTGROWERS IN SANTA MARIA

SANTA MARIA, California--A million dollarsuit, filed in Santa Maria Superior Court today,charged the operators of Tani Farms with falseimprisonment of three United Farm WorkersUnion workers last February 20.

The Union workers, Paulino Pacheco~ direc­tor of the Santa Maria office, and organzersManuel Echavarria and Luis Ayala, were ar­rested by Santa Barbara County sheriffs dep­uties on he Tani Ranch following a call to the

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police from ranch employees.United Farm Workers Union Attorney Wil­

liam Carder of Salinas called the suit a "warn­ing to growers that we have been given theright to organize by the California State Su­preme Court.

"We will not tolerate harrassment," Cardertold a Friday afternoon press conference atthe Santa Maria Union hall on West Main street.

Earlier in the day one of the plaintiffs,Manuel Echavarria, appeared in Santa MariaMunicipal Court where Judge Jon Gudmundsfound no violation of any law on which to base

The suit filed today asks $50,000 for eachplaintiff for mental angUish, humiliation, em- .barassment and great injury to their goodnames and reputations.

One million dollars in punitive and exemplarydamages are also asked in addition to thecosts of the suit.

Imperial ValleyUNION SUPPORTERS VISIT

D'ARRIGO STRIKERSCALEXICO, California--Several dozen min­

isters, rabbis and priests from Los Angelesand San Diego came here March 18 with hun­dreds of pounds of food to show their solidar­ity with striking workers from this area.

A massive strike against 0'Arrigo Brothershas been in progress for several months,and many workers have scattered all overthe country--as far away as Boston, Massa­chusetts--to boycott 0'Arrigo. The companyrefused to renogiate a new contract after theexpiration of the old one late last year.

The food completely covered a large stageat the Union's Calexico field office. Estimatesof worth exceeded $1,000.

"The growers have to quit treating us likeanimals," Anulfo Uribe told the group. "We'llkeep on striking until they learn that theycan't treat us that way."

ArizonaARIZONA SUPREME COURT CLEARS WAY

FOR REGISTRATION DRIVEPHOENIX, Arizona--The Arizona Supreme

Court ruled recently that Maricopa CountyRecorder Paul Marston acted illegally in deny­ing registrar's appointment to dozens of ap­1icants submitted by thJl Maricopa CountyDemocratic Party.

It was Widely believed that Marston's actionwas an attempt to blunt the drive to recallArizona's Republican Governor Jack Williams.The Supreme Court ruling opens the door tothe kind of massive registration the recallcommittee was trying to conduct.

, Marston had used a series of tests and inter­views--none of which was prOVided for by law--which the Supreme Court found to be ar­bitrary.

United Farm Workers Director Cesar Chavezrecently visited Arizona to give his supportto Jerry Pollock (second from left) who ischallenging Gov. Jack Williams in the antici­pated recall election.

ur. Wins aourt Battle in Wasbington State

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by Sarah Welch and Roberto Trevino

YAKIMA VALLEY. Washington -- CesarChavez' charge in February of 1972 that "Ya­kima Chief Ranch has set up a comp~ny unionto deprive field workers of their elected bar­gaining agent" was confirmed in a SuperiorCourt decision in Yarkima on March 9 byJudge Harry A. Follman following a courtbattle with more than two weeks of testimonyby Union supporters and the UFW' s bitterestenemies in Washington State.

On Labor Day, 1970, Yakima Chief Ranch,the world's largest hops ranch. experienceda sudden walkout of its workers during harvest.The strike spread like wildfire among valleyfarm workers and twelve hops ranches grantedwage increases from $1.50 to $2.00 an hour.

YAKIMA CH IEF "IoRKERS FLECT URI{The strinking workers voted to affiliate with

the United Farm Workers and Rudy Ahumada,then the Union's national treasurer, came tothe valley and entered into a written agreementwith Dan Alexander, Yakima Chief Ranch pro­prietor, for a secret ballot election. The elec­tion, held on Sept. 19 and 21 on the Chief'stwo ranches, resulted in a vote of 105 forthe United Farm Workers, and 3 for no union.

ALEXANDER &GANNON IGNORE FLECTION

Dan Alexander and George Gannon, formerowner of Yakima Chief for 30 years, begannegotiartng with the Union and in June, 1971finally realized that the Union would insiston a contract which protected farm workers.The UFW would not accept the contract whichthe growers presented and so Alexander and

4 • EL MALCRIADO • April 6, 1973

Gannon returned to announce ~o their workersthat the UFW wanted to "break up their fam­ilies" and "take away their liberty."

Therefore, concluded the growers, the Ya­kima Chief workers would not have a Unioncontract.

Since that time George Gannon, a millionaire.has spent" countless dollars trying to destroythe UFW' s credibility. His biggest campaignwas the building of a company union on theYakima Chief Ranch, the Agricultural WorkingPeople's Committee (AWPC).

GANNON'S COMPANY UNIONRanch foreman at the Chief, Aiberto de Leon,

and Israel Oliveras began to set up "theirown union" follOWing the break in talks betweenthe UFW and Gannon. Their job was to organizeagainst the UFW and they did their job well.

In April, 1972, over 70 Yakima Chief residentsfiled suit against the Union asking for a courtorder to keep Union representatives out of thelabor camp because their "privacy was in­vaded."

Superior Court Judge Walter Stauffacher im­mediately granted the order without a hearingand then he and every other judge in theYakima Valley disqualified himself from hearingfurther testimony on the case, saying. "theUFW is too hot politically."

This month, more than two and a half yearsafter the election held at Yakima Chief Ranch,the issue finally came to court.

COURT RULES IN FAVOR OF UFlAfAfter hearing testimony from Gannon, Alex­

ander, De Leon and the UFW organizers, theUFW attorneys called the camp residents them­selves as Witnesses, and they acknowledged that"

they had not "been bothered" by the Union.John Hoester, a volunteer attorney for the UFW,detailed the development of the AWPC and pointedout that the lawsuit was filed at the urgingof Gannon. Alexander and their "super-scabs"and not the workers themselves. Judge Follmandissolved the injunction against the Union. agree­ing that the •'right of privacy" had not beeninvaed and that AWPC was a company union.

On March 10, Mike Fox, assistant generalcounsel for the Union, joined picketers atSafeway in Seattle and explained that exactlythe same issues which have caused the UFWto boycott scab lettuce were involved in theYakima Chief case.

"In California," he said, "the entire lettuceindustry ran to jump into bed with the Team­sters without obtaining the necessary marriagelicense--the support or vote of the workers....At Yakima Chief," he continued, "Gannon

and Alexander set up their own sweetheartunion. propositioned her, paid the prostitutionfees, but got kicked !n the rear by the court,who saved the workers from being raped."

Gannon, who testified under oath that "aUFW election had never been held at the ranch" ,was exposed by the court for what he is: alying millionaire, determined to keep the UFWout of the Yakima Valley. Moreover, De Leonand Oliveras, ranch foremen, have been exposedas ·'super-scabs.'· The whole court battle hasserved to discredit Gannon and his tactics.

This victory in court could not have beenaccomplished without the work of private at­torneys who donated hundreds of hours preparingthis case with Mike Fox. All supporters areurged to say "thank you" to the follOWing at­torneys who made this victory possible:

Hal Green, 1500 Hoge Building, Seattle, Wn.98104; Hall Baetz. 4200 Seattle First NationalBank Building, Seattle, Wn. 98154; John Hoester,1122 Denny Building, Seattle. Wn. 98121.

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WouDded IDee

U.S. Marshalls, heavily armed, cordon off the road to Wounded Knee as the Federal government moved to isolate the Indians who hadoccupied the area last month.

WOUNDED KNEE, South Dakota (LNS)-- Fourweeks after they seized the trading post andthe church which sit on the Pine Ridge Reser­vation, several hundred Oglala Sioux, othermembers of the American Indian Movement(AIM), and their supporters are still holdingthe area.

Their demands, which they issued when theytook the two bUildings, have remained the same:1) that the Committee on IntergovernmentalRelations, chaired by Senator Edward Kennedy,investigate the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA),2) that Senator William Fulbright's SenateForeign Relations Committee look into the sta­tus of over 371 treaties signed by the U. S.government with· various Indian tribes and 3)that tribes be allowed to elect their own. of­ficials.

The takeover began on the night of Febru­ary 27 when approximately 250 Indians tookthe two bUildings on the Pine Ridge Reservationin southwest South Dakota. (Pine Ridge is thesecond largest reservation in the country:)Inside at the time of the takeover were 11people--some whites and some Indians--who lawenforcement officials claimed were hostages.They said they wanted to stay "because thisis where we live."

Almost immediately after the takeover, FBIagents. U.S. Marshalls, police and Bureau ofIndian Affairs and Justice Department officialssurrounded the place. They came armed withM-16s and at least 30 armored persol'lllelcarriers. At one point two U.S. Air ForcePhontom jets flew overhead on "reconnaisancemissions.' ,

The tension has increased and decreased dur­ing the occupation. Federal forces have comeclose to invading a number of times, therehave been ceasefires interspersed betweenshootings back and forth, and some negotiations.On March 11, the federal forces drew backand the Indians declared themselves an inde­pendent nation--"The New Oglala Sioux Nationof Wounded Knee."

"One of the major things that is wrong onthis reservation is that there are no jobs,"s aid Terry Steel, an Indian present from thes tart of the Wounded Knee action.

- "There is a 65.9 percent unemploymentand underemployment. We see in the papers

that the government gives $20 million for thisprogram and for that program, but all it doesis just create directors and four or five secre­taries in jobs that last a few years and thenare gone."

The largest factory on the reservation, saidHobart Keith, a former tribal judge, "makesmoccasins and dolls but it is owned by the Sun­Bell Corporation with headquarters down south.The shopping center is a branch of Ideal Marketsand the service station is owned by JuskieOil. All the profits go off the reservationto white people."

Indians are also forced to lease out theland they do hold because of complicated lawsthat don't allow them to get subsidies becausethey are "trustees" of the government. Thewhite people who lease the land can get sub-

sidies from the government. 'In 1970 alone,over 200,000 acres of Indian land was leasedor bought out by white people.

The per capita income on the reservationis $800 a. year. Most everyone lives in tentsor tar paper shacks with dirt floors or inabandoned cars. The government employees havecabins. Some people have to go five or tenmiles to draw water from remote wells.

To get on welfare, Indians have to go throughyears of what one Indian activist called "whitetape:' One 75 year old woman has appliedfor welfare for 13 years but because she gets$500 a year lease money for some land shehas, she can't get welfare so she has to liveon that $500 a year.

Another woman who was told by the governmentthat she couldn't get welfare until she sold

her land, sold it to the government--for theequivalent of 67 cents an acre. As soon as thegovernment had the bill of sale they told herthat now that she had the $4,000 they paidher for the -land, she couldn't get welfare.She is now living with her nine grandchildrenin a one room shack and as one Indian describedit, "nearly starving to death."

But these al'e only a few of the examplesof the treatment of Indians in this country.It started when the first Indians were slaugh­tered and forced off their land to make wayfor European settlers, and continued throughthe Indian wars in the 19th century, culminatingat Wounded Knee in 1890.

There 200 Indian were slaughtered by Amer­ican troops. Today, on the same ground thatthe massaCre took place, Indians are con­fronting the Federal government.

April 6~ 1973 • EL MALCRIADO • 5

• AI-

d . 11 soonare p' eke ing

venu~

huerta, a ong theonf renee in e

Picketing <it the Centr Ibany, New York.

,p

not to as')ociate with tf em directly. I 0 'tca -e v. .at the wor ers want-

do to m v.hat WE. hay do

1.01 ~nl[tlt. ;:imti FRIDAY, MARCH 23, 1973

The Dangerous Use of Pesticides

,"":!W<'"

SHELLl 0'ThIS consumer boycon IS dIrected only agaInst products

01 Shell 0.1 and Shell ChemICal companIeS, and notagamst Independent merchanls <;elnng these products

OIL, CHEMICAL AND ATOMIC WORKERSInternational Union, AFL-CIO

Shell Oil Company says "No" when mostAmerican oil companies say "Yes."

Shell says "no" to health and safety pro­tection for its employees, "No" to pension

~improvements and reviews, "No" to condi­tions granted by the oil industry as a whole.

Now 4,000 striking Shell employees say "No."~ey say, "No, we will not accept second-class treatment."

~hU, too, can say .You can say, "No, I will not buy gasoline orShell? No' other oil products from Shell." "No, I do not

•• want my Shell credit card and I'm mailing. it in - to P. O. Box 80, Tulsa, Okla." "No, I

will not support a Dutch/British companywhich will not treat American workers aswell as American oil companies treat them."~eJJsedo nol buy Shell oil

and chemical products!

month it was discovered that additional thousandsof cases of lettuce contaminated with large quanti­ties of Phosdrin had been distributed in whatappears to be a particularly flagrant breach of thelaw. The United Farm Workers Union has chargedthat one grower ordered lettuce harvesters intothe field one day after the crop had been treatedwith Phosdrin; federal and state regulations re­quire a four·day waiting period from the timePhosdrin is applied until ,the crop is picked. Thestate is "considering" criminal prosecution in thiscase. If the UFWU allegation is true, the mostvigorous prosecution should follow.

Pesticides plainly are necessary to protect cropsall over the country; without these chemicalagents, agricultural losses in the field would belarge, and food prices would soar even higher. Butjust as necessary is protection of persons who comein contact with crops--consumers certainly, butfarm laborers first of all.

Dt. Ephraim Kahn of the California Departmentof Agriculture notes the need for new, less toxic,pesticides, but is not hopeful that they can bedeveloped soon. That means that potentially dan­gerous chemicals will still have to be used. Maybetougher regulations en these compounds are need­ed. In any case, the level of danger is at least con­trollable to some, possibly a large, extent. It is upto the growers. Their responsible use of the organophosphates is not just a matter of obeying stateand federal regulations. Far more important is thematter of protecting the health of their employes.When that responsibility is ignored, the punish­ment should be severe.

There is strong evidence that a number of farmworkers in the Imperial Valley have been poisonedby new kinds of pesticides that were used on vege­table crops. How many laborers may have beenmade ill is not known, nor does anyone know whatthe ultimate effpcts on humans of the pesticidesmay be. The California Department of Agricultureand the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency saythey plan studies on the effects of the pesticides onfarm workers. That is fine, but an obvious questionis why those studies were not conducted before thetoxic materials were certified for use, and beforemen apparently were made sick by them.

The pesticides are from a family called organophosphates. They are a replacement for now­banne<! DDT, and they are attractive because theydissipate qUickly and lose their toxicity within afew weeks. The trouble is that the pesticides cancause illness or death if misused. The organo phos­phates, in fact, were originally developed duringWorld War II as a nerve gas. The reported cases offarm labor poisoning seem to have stemmed fromexcessive application of the pesticides, premature.exposure of workers to a treated field or prolongedcontact with pesticide residues on crops.

One of the organo phosphates, Monitor 4, hasbeen banned by the EPA for use on head lettuce.That happened after residues up to six times thefederally established tolerance were found on morethan 10,000 cases of lettuce distributed throughoutthe United States.

I Another organo phosphate, Phosdrin, was thenused as a substitute for Monitor 4. But earlier this

6 • EL MALCRIADO • April 6, 1973

NEWSTHE BLACK EAGLE VS GREEN-GREED

by Richard Kliefoth IN THE EMERALD EMPIRENestled in the Willamette Valley. between the

mountains and the ocean. lies the mellow cityof Eugene. Oregon. Since July of last yearthe Eugene Friends of the Farm Workers havebeen organizing fellow citizens in support of theUFW lettuce boycott.

, 'Ya. I know all about it. I'm not going tobuy lettuce:'

Progress has been steady. During the periodof the primary boycott many pledge cards werecollected. trust was developed among boycottersand valuable contacts were cultivated.

"But Safeway has the cheapest prices andI'm on food stamps."

The secondary boycott was called. Eugenevolunteers prepared an assault on Safeway'sgreen-greed mentality.

II All the stores are the same. Why singleout Safeway?"

A Chicano waving an eagle flag and yelling"Viva" urges a group of freaks to keep ontruckin' --go down the street. help farm workers.right-on.

"But my cat is sick and Safeway is the onlystore that has this special cat food that willmake her better."

A white housewife explains the Teamsterconflict to qnother white housewife. The Safe­way manager peers out the window. Behindhim six cash registers remain silent, regis­tering--No Exploitation of Farm Workers-­Boycott Safeway. "Money doesn't talk itswears."

"You're wasting your time. Standing here inthe rain will do no good."

Another day. another Safeway. The strugglegoes on. High school students carry signsreading: "Safeway the wrong way," "Don'tshop here--support the UFW." Empty-handedcustomers climb back into their cars. Con­vinced. "Now remember boycott Safeway."

"I don't have a car and it's too far to walkto a differnt store. It

It's a sunny Tuesday afternoon; a boycott

I .. AND IN IOWA:,

lOWA crTY. Iowa--The UFW Support Committeeof Iowa City has continued since the fall toleaflet the Iowa City area. pop. 45.000 spread­ing the word of the United Farm Workersthroughout the state of Iowa and organizingother support committees throughout the state.About six to date.

The Student Support Committee. housed atthe Chicano and Indian American Cultural Centerhas been a focal point for the community toget informed about the United Farm Workersand the condition of the campesinos.

The UFW Support Committee collected about3.500 pledges to boycott lettuce from the com­munity. At present the Student SUr~)()rt Com­mittee maintains two picket lines at the two10calA&P stores. The Support Committeehas also led other college communities in theMidwest in sales from the Taller Grafico.

The Committee has recently begun to showfilms of the Chicano struggle to interestedgroups free with a donation asked to help coverrental fees.

meeting is in progress. Reports on an anti-unionfarm bill are heard. Plans are made to organizecar pools to take customers to other stores.

At a Sunday potluck get -together picketersexchange stories. Stories about the time theSafeway district manager came out in theparking lot to take pictures. One boycotterrecalls a conversation with a manager who saidtha~ we were talking to his customers in

WASH INGTON STATE PDYCOn I I I

At the same time that Seattle started the"Boycott Safeway" campaign, the Farm Workersand their supporters in the Yakima Valleyalso began their effort here too. The boycottstarted with a bang and has lost no momentumin the 10 continuous weeks that it has beengoing on.

In spite of the rain. snow and icy. windsthat the winter weather has brought. boycotters

fro m five Valley towns have tightened their belts andgone out to picket every Saturday. Women andchildren have always turned out to picketalong with the men. Some of the scabs whocross the picket lines condemn our use ofchildren for picketing because they claim thatthe weather is too cold. The pickets alwaysanswer these hypocrites saying: "It has neverbothered you to see our children in the cold­ness of the early morning cutting asparagusand thinning beets. Why all the sudden concern?Because the farm workers have finally de­cided that they have had enough of your hyp­ocritical exploitation?"

Antonio Zavala. one of the organizers ofthe Committee says: "The A&P Boycott and thecontinuing fight of the UFW against repressivelegislation, calloused growers and their richbackers is an opportunity for Iowa Chicanos'and others to get off therr desks and reallyorganize and get to the people. Writing a pro­posal begging for money is not the same asbeing out on the picket line. One learns moreabout people by picketing A&P than sitting ina Psychology class. Every Chicano should bepicketing A&P. The practical lessons learnedthere, besides losing one's fear. can later(after the Boycott is over) be applied to othersituations in the barrio."

The other organizer, who is leaving for theChicago office in the summer, Helen Duffy,also a student in her last year. comments:, 'The Boycott reaches many different communitygroups on many different levels but our goalis always the same: to sensitize them to LaCausa. and. mainly to the people it represents."

Antonio Zavala and Chester Ruiz, from Chi­cago office, will participate in a workshoptitled "CHICANOS: The Farm Worker" on

gibberish (Spanish). He replied that he couldn'thelp it if his customers were culturally de­prived•.. Over 2,300 people in Eugene have refused toshop at Safeway. Safeway is uptight. In thebeginning they were cordial. i.t was all a joke.Now they kick us out of lots, hassle organiza­tions that support us. and even talk of gettingUFW lettuce. Viva.

Special congratulations for a fantastic show­ing go to the college students in Ellensburgand. on the other end of the Valley, to theChicano high school students and communitypeople from the Tri-cities who are makingSafeway understand that· the Farm Workersand their supporters have had enough of Safe­way's union -busting policies and its use ofconsumer fraud to cheat its customers.

In the towns of Toppenish, Sunnyside andGrandview. only growers and their reliitivesand frienqs along with a few of their vendidolackeys shop at Safeway. For these towns,this has meant close to 50% of their businessis down. This is because the farmworkersand the Chicano community that used to shopat Safeway have the largest families and usedto buy the most food in larger quantity.

What little scabby vendido customers thatSafeway has is also diminishing with everySaturday that we picket. This is because ven­didos and scabs are spineless creatures whocannot look at their raza in the face whenthey cross our picket lines and are findingit easier to shop elsewhere thap have theirneighbors point their fingers at them and wantto vomit in disgust.

April 13·-14 at the University of Iowa. Theworkshop will be one of many for the "CHI­CANO '73 IN lOW A,t CONFERENCE whereJose Angel Gutierrez, Partido La Raza Unida,and Daniel Valdez. Teatro Campesino Culturalare scheduled guests.

The UFW Support Committee will be presentalso -to help spread the news about the A&PBoycott and the latest developments in neg­otiations.

NON-UNION LETTUCE DECLARED AS, 'TRAIFI'~ ,i

One concept found within Talmudic readingsthat has a significant relevance to Jewish peopletoday is that of "Oa-shek". This term fcrbidsthe exploitation of the labor of o-:hers.

With this moral code in mind, the BostonBet Din. America's most active orthodox Jes­ish court, recently declared that non-Unionlettuce is forbidden. or ·'traife." The Ha'Amstaff resolutely concurs with this interpretationof Oa-shek. sonce any exploitation of humanbeing is inherently a religious issue.

--Ha'Am. February. 1973

April 6, 1973 • EL MALCRIADO • 7

Coachella Farm WorkersDefy Teamsters

PICKEf TEAMSTER CfF ICES

..-

Bo~

by

1·Jl

• ,J ~~~

/5',;Teamster goon boasting his purchase of scab lettuce

after cross farm worker picketline at Safeway.

J JJ.

Teamster "organizers" watch as they are picketed

farm workers ~n the Coachella Valley

by Juan Lopez

COACHELLA, California--Over 200 workersextended their day's work by paying a visitto the new office of the Teamsters here March 15.

Teamster employees soon came outside andheckling exchanges took place between the twogroups, with United Farm Workers representa­tives telling the Teamsters, "We kicked youout of the lettuce fields and we're - going tokick you out of the grapes."

When a Teamster official came out andwaved a $100 bill at the Union demonstrators,UFW farm worker Claro Runtal pulled con­siderably more out of his pocket and ~nswered,

"This is the kind of money we make underUFW contracts."

Runtal, who organized the no. 2 camp atBagdasario in 1969, said that the UFW wouldwin in its struggle with the Teamsters because"We understand the common cause of poorworking people."

"We don't want the Teamsters because theyare not for the campesino," said AntonioMunoz, who has been with the United FarmWorkers since 1965. "The same check theworkers get, the Teamsters will take it all."

RESffi~[) TO "GOON SnJAD"TACTICS \AlITH SImnl4f'lS

COACHELLA, California--RayHuerta, direc­tor of the 'United Farm Workers field officehere, has charged the Teamsters with ••goonsquad" tactics in the valley and says thatworkers are responding to such threats bysitting down on the job until Teamster rep­resentatives leave the fields.

Huerta also challenged his Teamster counter­part Al Droubie to a debate on the issues.Droubie has not responded, according to localsources.

Huerta has said that if the growers signcontracts with the Teamsters behind the backsof the workers, they will be met with massivestrikes when current UFW contracts expire.

"S00NER OR LATER THOSE WHO OPPOSE OURMOVEMENT BECAUSE THEY DON'T UNDERSTAND US,

BECAUSE THEY ARE TOO INTERE$TED IN MONEY,OR BECAUSE THEY WANT TO DO ALL THEY CAN'

FOR THE GROWER, WILL BE DEFEATED ANDRIDICULED BY THE PEOPLE." -- Cesar Chavez

summer and the Union's struggle against anti­.farm worker legislation.

Cesar's "Fast of Love", motivated by hisdeep concern over the-sacrifices and injusticesthat burden farm workers day after day, gen­erated a movement of non-violent action that

i 51 5E PUEDE!

In the past, several movies have been pro­duced about farm worker struggles for justice,including some about the Union, but •'SI, SEPUEDE" covers a crucial period in the spir­itual and political development of our move­ment: Cesa,'s 24~day fast in Arizona last

~nVIE

~rJH AVA IlABLE

is shaking the repressive economic, political,and social structures that have oppressed poorpeople in the state of Arizona for so long.

The movie demonstrates that while Cesar'sbody grew weaker during his long fast, thespirit and determination of farm workers andUnion supporters became stronger. Masses ofpeople began to participate in political actionfor the first time in their lives. Cesar'sfast inspired the. campaign to recall ArizonaGovernor Jack Williams and a strike againstmelon growers in the Yuma Valley.

National leaders such' as Senator GeorgeMcGovern and Coretta King to Arizona to de­clare their support for the Union's srrugglein Arizona and for the lettuce boycottt

The movie was made by Gayanne Fietinghoffand Rick Tejada-Flores. "SI SE PUEDE"" is abeautiful work of art as well as a powerfulorganizing tool. It is an example of popularart which comes from the hearts of peoplefighting to transform reality from one of op­pression to one of justice.

The film was made possible by all of theUnion supporters who in the cooperative spiritof the movement, helped Rick and Gayannewith their services and equipment.

For information on how to rent or buy"SI SE PUEDE" call or write:

Farm Workers Service Center, Inc.P.O. Box 84Keene, California 93531

(805) 822-5571

8. EL MALCRIADO • April 6, 1973

SPECIAL REPORT

HoW' Poisoned Lettuce AffectsWorkers and Consumers

Phosdrin Ma~ Be Ne*t

-A DOCTOR'S OPINION-

CALEXICO, California--"The laws govern­ing the use of pesticides are grossly inade­quate. New agents are introduced .for no par­ticularly compelling reason with nothing likeadequate testing for this type of toxicity."

Those are the sentiments of Dr. Ken Tittleof the United Farm Workers Clinic staff here.The Clinic· is located in the Imperial Valley, ,scene of the recent national scandal over thenew pesticide Monitor-4. Tittle told us thathe and other physicians at the Clinic see afairly steadystream of workers with symptomsclosely resembling those of pesticide poisoning.

"One 'of the problems is that pesticide-re­lated illnesses are very difficult to diagnose,"Tittle said. "They' strongly resemble somecommon diseases like the flu, and the internalevidence disappears rapidly," he noted.

In addition to the difficulty of diagnosis,Tittle said that the regulations requiring phy­sicians to report poisoning cases are verypoorly enforced. When advised that State Agri­cultural personnel had advised a State AssemblySubcommittee investigating pois~:>nings that phy­sicians are required to report any pesticide­related illness within 48 hours, Tittle replied,"That's the first I've heard that regulation.

"Here we are, a farm workes' clinic, andno one from the Agricultural office or thePublic Health office has ever told us this-­that it is a legal requirement to report suchcases within 48 hours.

"We were here for several months beforeanyone advised us that we were supposed toreport these incidents at all."

In addition to laxity in advising physiciansof their responsibilities, the UFW has pointedout that '¥orkers are not advised of pesticidedangers and of the symptoms related to poison­ing.

"Farm workers just accept occasional nausea,vomiting, dizziness, poor vision and the othersymptoms or pesticde poisoning as part ofthe job," Tittle noted. "There is no stateor county program available for workers, andthey are not advised' of reporting proceduresfor violatioils or illness."

Tittle said that he doubted that the companieswhich develop the pesticides conduct researchon either the long term effects of the sub­stances, o.r their effects' on primates.

"It's expensive to use monkeys for tests,"he said, so that rats and rabbits are usuallyused. "Furthermore, while the short termeffects of mild exposure to the new organo­phosphate pesticides are not usually serious,we simply don't know what the long term ef­fects are, nor what repeated exposure overlong periods of time will do."

Tittle feels that it is this long term, day­to-day exposure that is hardest on workers."The only cure for people sick from this kindof exposure is to sepa:ate them from the poison--get them out of the fields--and they don'twant to do that, of Course. They need to work,especially since there is no workman's com­pensation for farm workers injured on the job."

.. ~

EL CENTR 0, Calfornia- -Wilh the Monitor­4 scandal still very mqch'in the air, it ap­pears that the next damaging round of pesti­cide stories may concern Phosdrin.

Hearings before the State .\ssembly Com­mittee on Agriculture, Food and Nutrition March9 revealed that Monitor 4 is so toxic that adrop or two on the skin of a grown man willkill him qUickly. Apparently Phosdrin is evenworse.

Ronald Ott of the San Francisco RegionalOffice of the U. S. Department of Labor, Oc­cupational Health and Safety Division, toldUnited Farm Workers representatives in Ca­lexico that •'Phosdrin is potentially more dan­gerous to farm workers than \J1onitor 4 interms of immediate toxicity."

UFW General Counsel Jerry Cohen confirmed

Dr. Ken Tittle of the UFW Calexico Clinic

-WORKERS-

In each of the areas I worked in the lighterpre harvest operations, I have been afflictedwith the follOWing symptoms' of pesticide poi­soning--frequent shortness of breath, generalweakness of body, pain in legs and arms, andskin problems such as rashes. When I wasfirst afflicted with these problems, I weptto see a doctor in Calexico. He told me thatmy condition was a result of the pestiCidesused by the growers from whom I worked.He gave me some medication.

- - M. R., Calexico

I was a lettuce cutter at Martori BrothersRanch during the months of January and Feb­ruary 1973 and at Danenberg Farms for thelast four days of February.About late February,after the fields were sprayed with pestiCides,I began to experience a sore throat,. muchsweating, and general feelings similar to havinga cold. I continued working for the four days,even though I felt this way. I still have astuffy nose, and -feel as though I have a cold.I do not know when or' how the pesticideswere applied.

--S.N., Calexico

I was a lettuce cutter at Colace BrothersRanch between El Centro and Brawley duringthe months of January and February, 1973.About four days ago, after the fields had· be~nspryed with pesticides, I experienced a burningsensation in my eyes, a runny nose, and a gen- .eral feeling similar to having a cold. I con­tinued working for the four days, even thoughI felt this way. I still feel as though I havea cold. I do not know when or how the pesticideswere applied, only that there was a greatdeal of dust the. day I first experienced theabove mentioned symptoms.

--B. V., El CentrO

that the pUblished data on Phosdrin showsit to have two or three times the toxicityof Monitor 4.

Moreover, Cohen charged at those March9 hearings that Danny Danenberg Farms ofthe Imperial Valley had used Phosdrin inviolation of the manufaturer's harvesting reg­ulations. Cohen Claimed that Dannenberg' 3 let­tuce crop was harvested too soon after theapplication of the pesticide.

Questioned by the Committee, Imperial Val­ley Agriculfural Commissioner Claude Finnellsaid he had no knOWledge of the violation,but that he woud investigate the charges.

Apparently Finnell found something. JohnTaylor, Finnell's assistant, refused any com­ment whatsoever, saying that the Commis­sioner's office had turned the restults of their

-CONSUMERS-

On March 4, 1973, my wife made a largesalad with lettuce she had .bought from theSafeway Store at High Street and MacArthurBlvd. in Oakland. I ate some of that lettuce,and the next day, Monday, March 5, I wassick--I couldn't sleep, I fel like vomiting butcouldn't, and felt nauseous. I couldn't performmy duties as postman I felt so sick, andstayed home March 5th and 6th. I didn't eatanymore lettuce, and on March 7th I felt wellenough to return to work. -

--Carl E. HannaOakland

On about February 26, 1973, I purchased someiceberg lettuce at the May-fair Market at thecorner of Ocean and San Jose Avenue in SanFrancisco. I have been trying generally toeat a lot of lettuce recently because I'm diet­ing. After eating some of the lettuce on aboutFebruary 27, I began to feel nauseous. Thatnight, I couldn't sleep. I felt weak, had aheadache, and vomitted•. The next day I atesome more of the lettuce and the symptomscontinued. I continued to eat the lettuce andthe symptoms continued--vomiting, sleepless­ness, nausea, weakness, headaches. (1 generallynever have headaches.) I went to LettermanHospital in San Francisco. Finally, believingthe problem might be caused by the lettuceI was eating, I stopped eating it completelyabout March 5. Since then I have felt betterand the symptoms have subsided.

--Dolores Circle'• san Francisco

On February 19, 1973 I ate lunch at ,a smallcafe on Sacramento Avenue in Berkeley. Iordered a green salad. The waitress startedto pick leves off a head of iceberg lettuce,but commented that all the leves had smallblack holes burnt in them. She kept peelingaway the leaves, and throwing them out. Fi­nally, she made me a salad of the leaves nearthe center of the head of lettuce, but eventhese had burn marks on them. I hardly ateanything else for lunch. About three hourslater, I began to feel severe stomach painsand went home. All night I felt the stomachpains--they were sharp, like ulcer pain--andI woke up the next day feeling nauseous. Icouldn't sl.eep well that night, and probablywoke up 100 times. All the time I felt likevomiting, but didn't.

--Kern GreavesBerkeley

investigation over to the District Attorney forpossible prosecution and he would have tomake any comments on the case•

Imperial County District Attorney Jim Hamil­ton refused to enlarge much beyond Taylor.He said he was doubtful that a legal violationhad occured,' claiming that the laws coveredonly the .. application" of pesticides and thatthis was a problem regarding harvesting, nothis was a problem regarding harvesting, notpesticide application.

Asked whether sending workers into thefields too soon after pesticide application to,:onduct harvesting might not be understoodunder the term 'pestiCide application', Hamiltonreplied that perhaps it could, an that whetheror not prosecution resulted from the informationhe had would probaby result from exactlythat question.

Hamilton added, "We don't deal much withthe State Agriculture Code down here, so Iam going to have to research this problemthorough'1y before I can make a decision."

April 6. 1973 • EL MALCRIADO • 9

CalexicoClinic:

Servingthe

-People

Stories- Photos by

Cristi Willison

"THE WRIST BONE WAS DEAD. 0 0 "--ALBERTO DIAZ

CALEXICO. California--Seven years ago Al­berto Diaz received an injury to his wrist ina bus accident on the way to the fields. Forthe last year it had given him a lot of trouble.One day in July when the pain was great.he visited the Calexico clinic.

Dr. John Cummings examined him and refer­red him to a local orthopedist. who recommendedsurgery to stop the progression of arthritis.An operation'was arranged with UCLA to bepaid out of their teaching fund.

The intricate operation involved a bone graft.

"It was an operation in which they had toremove a part of the wrist. and they had toremove a piece of the hip bone to replaceit:' Mr. Diaz explains. "In this manner theydid two operations in one. The wrist bonewas a wounded bone that didn't receive e~ough

blood--it was dead."Mr. Diaz made several return trips to UCLA

and shows good improvement in the use ofhis wrist. "I have been nine months withoutwork now," he notes. "but when they removethe cast we'll see if I can work. Now that I

am out of the hospital they are seeing meevery month." At two months following thewrist-fUSion, the bone graft has worked and thespecialist at UCLA estimates that Mr. Diazwill soon be able to return to work withoutany further difficulty.

, 'I am very grateful because in no otherway could I have had this operation," saysMr. Diaz. '-fBy means of Dr. Cummings theUniversity was contacted and an appo{ntmentmade. They treated me magnificently."

HIT-ANn-RUN VICTIM TREATED BY CLINIC

CALEXico. California--On the eighteenth ofOctober. Rafael Gonzales was hit by a carwhile crossing a street in Mexicali. The drtver

. never stopped.Mr. Gonzales was unable to walk. and the

next day went to the Calexico clinic. He wasgiven X-rays and was immediately referred totwo Imperial Valley orthopedists for surgery.

A pin was inserted in one knee and full­length casts were put on both legs. After amonth one cast was removed and the otherwas partially taken off to remove the ·stiches.

The family health workers made weekly visitsto check his progress. He told them of painfulpressure in the operated knee. and subse­quently was again sent to see the orthopedist.who said that if Mr. Gonzales were to evergain free movement of his leg, the pin would

have to be removed.Unfortunately. Mr. Gonzales' Kennedy Plan'

. "high plan" benefits had been used up on thefirst operation. A clinic doctor contacted theUniversity of California and arranged an opera­tion to remove the pin in his knee. The pinwas 'removed and he received extensive phys­ical therapy after the operation.

Mr. Gonzales now has recovered much useof his leg and is rapidly improving with therecommended physical therapy exercises. Hecontinues to gain strength and mObility andprobably will regain total use of his legs.

"I am grateful that Dr. Cummings of theClinic arranged for the removal of the pin atthe University," he said. "I am very tahnkfulfor all the help which has been given me. andwhich I am still receiving."

CERAIVIICSby DORA .....

10 • EL MALCRIADO • April 6, 1973

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. P. O. Box 9215Berkeley. California 94709

Publications Now Anilabko

I. EL GRITO-Quarterly Journal. social science. literature, arl.Now in 6th year. Subscription: 55.00 per year. Foreign 56.00.

2. Romano/Rios: EL ESPEJO-Bilingual Anthology of Chicanoliterature. 18 Chicano authors. 288 pp. Paperbacks: 53.75;Hardcover: S6.75.

3. Tomas Rivera: .. Y NO SE LO TRAGO LA TIERRA­Bilingual collection of short stories. 200 pp. Paperback: 54.50;Hardcover: 56.50.

4. Octavia I. Romano-V. Editor: VOICES-Collection of essays,13 Chicano authors. 241 pp. Paperback: 53.50.

5. Rudolfo A. Anaya: BLESS ME. ULTIMA-Novel. 264 pp.Paperback: S3.75: Hardcover: $6.75.

6. Sergio Elizondo: PERROS Y ANTJPERROS-Epic poem.bilingual. 76 pp. Paperback: S1.75.

FIRST $2,OCO DEATH BENEFIT

Oscar and Demetria ReynaArvin, California.

During the monthly meeting of the RanchCommittees of Fresno County at the Head Start Center in Parlier, Jose RUbio. SelmaUnion Office Director, presented the first $2.000 death benefits check in the COWltj.

Mr. Nicholas OChoa, who lives in Del Rey. California, received the check as a re­sult of the death of his son, Miguel Aguilar OChoa.

After receiving expressions of sorrow from all present, brother OChoa expressed hisgratitude for the efforts of our Union to obtain better .benefits for its members. for the work done by the staffof the Kennedy Plan and for the leadership of Union Direct-or Cesar Chavez. -

He said he is proud to be a member of the UnitedFarm Workers, the only true Union for farm workers.

RECIEVED $1,000 BENEFIT Hu~~erto Gomez

We would like to inform you that we re­ceived the $1.000 death benefit from the KennedyP Ian after the death of our son. John Reyna.

We are grateful to the United Farm Workersand we will continue to support the Union sothat each day it will become stronger andprOVide even more benefits for farm workers.Thank you.

Maria Saludado,Director,

Kennedy Medical Plan

eJ To Mr. and Mrs. Henry Diazof 304 Churchill Dr., Bakersfield, for the lossof their beloved son, Henry Diaz. Jr., whowas 17 years of age.

The Diaz also received a death benefitof $500.

Sincerely.

KENNEDY PLAN INlPMO~rr

Pablo EspinozaLamont Union Office Director

e 'fo Mrs. Eugenia de la Cruz of Lamont.for the death of her husband, Roque de la Cruz.which occured January 3. 1973.

Mrs. de la Cruz wants to thank our Unionfor the help she received when she neededit. She says her husband was never a Unionmember; she is the only Union member inher family. She also says that her husbandhad to undergo an operation in 1972 and thatthe Union (Kennedy Plan) paid $650.50 for theoperation.

Since Mrs. de la Cruz is a member ,in goodstanding of the United Farm Workers. we aregratified to deliver to her a check (1029372)for $500.00 in death benefits. which the Unionprovides for its members.

The staff of the United Farm WorkersOffice in Lamont. California wishes to expressits deepest condolences to the following fam­ilies:

~ FROM TALLCHAVEZpamphlet:two articlesby PeterMathiesenOrder No.NYA $.50

Belt BuckleOrder No. BUC-_ $6.00

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FLAG - $1.00 .

Songs of La Causa sungby Dan and Judy

Rose-RedwoodOrder No. DAN- $1.00

La Causa ButtonsOrder No. BU-A, BU-C etc. .35

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BASTA: A pictorial historyof the grape strike.

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VIVA LAREVOLUCIONfWr­-'~' .

"

12 • EL MALCRIADO • April 6, 1973

Labor and Movement News

UNITEDSTATES:

SHELL OIL STRIKE:SCABBIr£ BY ML\NL\GEMENf DAHJER

TO CavMJNITIES"As fatigue from the 72-hour week sets in,"

said OCAW Presiden A.F. Grospiron,, 'those inexperienced personnel could becomecareless in their operations. Further, evenroutine maintenance of that complex equipmentwill not be the same without the skilled crafts­men who regularly perform that work.

"Both of those factors could result in fire,explosion, or the releasing of hazardous chem­ical substances which could mean disaster for thecommunities where Shell Oil refineries andchemical plants are located. II

Some 4,000 OCAW workers at Shell plantsin severa~ states walked off the job when thefirm refused to negotiate new contracts pro­viding fo!" meaningful health safeguards on the'jobs, pension improvements' and top-level re­view of the pension plan.

All major oil companies, except Shell andStandard Oil Co. of California, have agreedto the union's proposals.

The consumer boycott against all Shell pro­ducts, which began as a nationwide action, hasnow become worldwide. The International Fed­eration of Petroleum&Chemical Workers ad­opted a resolution supporting the boycott, andhas distributed it to all its affiliates, the Unionsaid.

Another leading e!1vironmentalist organization,the Sierra Club, announced its support of theunion strike and boycott. Earlier, 11 othernational environmental groups gave their backingto the walkout.

'We very canifully examined the statements

lATIN AMERICAAND

THEWORLD:

SPANISH WORKERS ARRESTEDFOR PLANNING MEETING

MADRID, Spain (LNS)- In the next fewweeks ten workers will go on trial here chargedwith "illegal association" --charges which stemfrom an "illegal" meeting the men, all activetrade unionists, were about to attend.

Under Spanish law, trade union syndicatesare government supervised organizations whichinclude both workers and bosses. All otherunions are illegal. So are strikes--any strikes.

Illegal also are meetings between unioniststhat have not been approved in advance bythe government. Violation of this law is whatthe ten are charged With.

OKINAWAN WORKERS STRIKEOKINAWA (LNS)--The 'Okinawan Base Wor­

kers Union (Zengunro) staged a two-day strikeat the end of january which affected all majorU. S. military installations on the islaad.

The strike was touched off by mass firingsof base workers, the suppression of union ac­tivities and firing of union leaders, delays inpayment of salaries--and also the Decemberresumption. of heavy bombing of North Vietnamby the United States.

However, for most Okinawan workers thestrike was not to i'11prove working conditions

of both Shell and the union before adoptingour position," said Brock Evans, Sierra'sWashington, D.C. representative in responseto Shell spokesmen who denounced the club'sendorsement.

, 'It became quite plain that a fundamentalprinciple was at issue: the right of personsto have some c:ontrol over their working en­vironment. This is exactly what we have beenfighting for all these years."

UNEMPLOYEMNf RISES TO 5.1%WASHINGTON, D.C.-joblessness increased

in February to the point where 4.4 millionAmericans were looking for jobs, the Bureauof Labor Statistics reported.

BLS said unemployment rose one-tenth ofone percent for a seasonally adjusted joblessrate of 5.1 percent. There were 76,000 moreworkers out of work thn in january.

The Administration's unemployment targetis to lower the nation's jobless rate to the, 'neighborhood of 4.5 percent" by the end ofthis year.

CONGRESS ASKEDTO RAISE MINIMIIM HAGF.

WASHINGTON, O.C.--The AFL-CIO termedthe long delay in raising the minimum wagefrom its $1.60 level "shameful" and calledon Congress to vote quick assistance to mil­lions of Americans held down by "wages toolow and hours too long."

Legislative Director Andrew j. Biemillertold a House Labor subcommittee that thebuying power of the $1.60 minimum wage hasdropped below that of the $1.25 wage that wasset in 1966. As of the start of 1973--even be­fore the latest surge in living costs--the mini­mum of $1.60 was worth only $1.19 an hourin 1966 terms, Biemiller testified.

Last year a conservative coalition in the Housekilled a bill that would have raised the minimumwage.

Subcommittee Chairman john H. Dent (Dem­ocrat of Pennsylvania), who sponsored lastyear's bill, has introduced a somewhat expandedversion that would raise the minimum wagefor most workers to $2.20 an hour in twosteps. It would also extend .coverage to mil­lions now excluded, including all public em­ployees and most household domestiC workers.

on the base alone. At issue is the U. S. - j ap­anese military presence on the island. BeforeWorld War II, Okinawans had earned theirlivelihoods through farming and crafts.

But since 1949, over 45 percent of the arableland of the island has been taken over to beused for U.S. military bases, and some 40,000farmers have been dispossessed of their land.

PRO-LABOR SOUTH AFRICANSTUD ENTS "BANNED"

JOHANNESBURG, South Africa (LNS)--Eightleaders of the black, South African StudentOrganization (SASO) were "banned" duringthe first week in March by the South Africangovernment for their organization's role,inthe rec~nt two week long strike of 50,000black workers that crippled the port city ofDur·ban.

A few days before the banning, similaraction was taken against several members ofthe anti-aparthied National Union of South Af­rican Student~ (NUSAS), a white group rep­resenting about 24,000 students.

"Banning," unique to South Africa, forcesa person to return immediately home andremain there. Absolutely no contact with any­one except immediate family is allowed. Abanned person must never be quoted.

The eight SASO students have all been bannedfor five years. There is no legal recourse.

IRISH FARMERS FIGHT FOR SURVIVAL

LA PAZ, California--Irish farmers and farmworkers suffer many of the problems commonto American farm workers and small farmers,an interview with Margaretta D'Alcy and johnArden here revealed.

D' Alcy and Arden visited here recently, andare from the west of Ireland where the farmsare small, averaging only about 30 acres,and the farmers poor, with $1,200 a year being

However, Biemiller suggested a three-steprise to $2.00 immediately, $2.20 'a year laterand $2.50 in the third year. He noted that

to merely restore lost buying power due toinflation would require an immediate increaseto $2.10 an hour.

And Biemiller testified that even a $2.00minimum wage would leave a worker's incomebelow the government-defined poverty level.

MFANY -URGESrxCESS PROFITS TAX

WASHINGTON, D.C.--Labor asked Congress. to tax the excess profits of corporations andrestore equity and justice to the tax structurethrough a package of loophole-closing reforms.

II

AFL-CIO President George Meany .calledfor excess profits tax I control "so long aswages and salaries are subject to any fermof control or restraint."

During a spirited question period after com­pleting his formal statement, Meany re~atedly

emphasized the injustice of the "triple" .stan­dard by which wages and salaries are taxedin full, income from profits from sale of stocksis taxed at a much lower rate, and someforms of income go completely untaxed.

Workers are Willing to pay their shareof taxes, Meany said. But "the guy workingin overalls" would like to feel that the mil­lionaires who now escape virtually all taxesare paying their share, too. "It would makehim think more of his country."There is no depletion allowance, Meany noted,for "the worker who reaches the age of 50.'

He prodded the committee: "Are we goingto get a tax reform bill this year, or are wegoing to be told Congress has no time?"

the average farmer's income. Farming is stilldone almost entirely by hand, with tractorsand other equipment rented as needed andautomatic milking machines a rarity.

These economic conditions exist with foodprices that parallel those in America, andwith Cigarettes and gasoline about twice as.expensive, Arden said.

Farm workers as they exist here are notprevalent, since most farms are small andfamily-owned, but for a portion of each yearseveral hundred Irish farmers will go to Scot­land to pick potatoes on large farms to supple­ment their income. Many of the worker abusesfound here are also found in this situation,Arden and D' Alcy told us.

The labor contractor, for example. The largeScottish growers will hire an Irish -labor con­tractor, who will then exploit his own people.Housing conditions for the farmers during thetwo months they are in Scotland are similarlyvery bad. .

Farmers ar part of a large body of Irishcitizens that are poor, since five percent ofthe population controls 75 percent of the wp.alth.68 percent of Irish i!1dustry is foreign owned,and foreign speculators are rapidly buyingup Irish land and mineral rights.

Tourism, often foreign controlled, is anotherabuse. 0'Alcy told us that a party or corpor­ation Wishing to build a hotel can have 75percent of the building costs covered by thegovernment--not as a loan, but as an outrightgrant. It used to be that foreign -investorshad to pay an excess tax of 25 percent whenbuying Irish land, but since Ireland joined theEuropean Common Market their prices arethe same as for any Irish citizen.

Once acquired by poor people, land is notalways easy to hold. 0'Alcy and Arden toldus of a poor family, the Fahys, who havelived in a small, two room cottage for threegenerations, who are under threat of evic··tion by their landlord, R. Y. Burgess, a formernaval officer.

April 6, 1973 • EL MALCRIADO • 13

;10 _

-------------------------------------, ~IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111l.l:

\II,."N~ S.O. S,-- "\0,£ STILl NEED YaJR HElP'

Dear friends,

Tfu. TRAN~ITION GOING ON IN T}lli LIFE OF THE FARM WORKER AND HIS FAMILYin h1.S· fight for justice and dignity has uncovered d1.rty 11.nen beh1.ndthe counter of "SAfcwAY ~TOHC~ and in the fields where your food ispoisoned with unguarded use of deadly chemicals ••• WE ARE SLOWLY DYINGFROM T}lli FOOD WE EAT but we don't know it. ~any thanks to the farmworkers. ~e, the consumers, somehow owe it to the farm workers thatwhile they struggle for a better way of life, "hey are benefiting thegeneral public by unveiling dangerous chemicals used in growing ourfoods. EYSRY UNION CONTRACT,therefore, has a pesticide clause. Bansthe use of the most dangerous chlorinated hydrocarbons (DUT, DUD, AL­DRIN, DI~LDHIN AND MONI~OR 4). ~ets up a committee of farm workers toKeep close track of all chemicals used by the company.

===

_ College students at Stanford booed former -~ Teamster president Jimmy Hoffa when he~ "remarked (Fresno Bee, February 21, 1973): _~ "I think if you just have a little patience, ~~ Chavez will go out of business and we'll ~

~ keep flourishing. II =

=

=

Pete Velasco, UnionVice- President and

Director of the StocktonUnion Office, who has

dedicated more than tenyears of his life to theUnion, asks all whobelieve in justice forfarmworkers to helpout with donations.

Because of you: "WE SAW THE BREAK OF DAWN". For a hundred years wewere under the shadow of oppress1.on, d1.scrimination, slavery, andinjustice by the growers and contractors. Ne were without hope inovercoming the almost invulnerable strength of their power. Now, BE­OAU~E OF YOU, who stood by us in our darkest hour, we have learnedof our r1.ghts. we have learned of justice ana dignity which are justlyours. Ne are no longer afraid to speak up our mind. Ne fought for ourrights and won non-violently and without bloodshed. Most importantly:"wr:. HA~ FOUND OUIlliELYES".In the course of our struggle and sacrifices,we have learned that above all, human value is more important thanmaterial things. ~o, across the land we went to the cities we neverdreamed of seeing, to tell the people of our way of life. We appeal tothe conscience of the American people and to the people of the world.Friends, we are most grateful to you for giving your helping hands" inour time of need. Ne will continue to struggle as we go in our long,hard trail that awaits us .•• "WE SAW THE BREAK OF DAWN," Il.ecause of you.

FRIENDS, WE PLEA AS WE ALWAYS HAD, FOR YOUR FINANCIAL SUPPORT. We arefaced W1.th our b1.ggest battle aga1.nst the GRONER.::>, FARM BUREAU, Tr:.AMS­TERS, AND CONTRACTORS who want to destroy our Union. Our Boycott costof operation across the country and the sea, and our cost of 3trjkeshave dropped our monthly income to a financial crisis. WE SEND YOU OUR"'::>.0.5." ·PLEASE COME NOW TO OUR AID. ::;end donat1.ons to: UFII Defense

'Fund, ~.O.Box 62, Keene, California 93531.

reace and love from all of us,

R~, \J AAl/.)~Fate G. VelascoDefense Fund

Please remember us in your WILL ••• our trail is so hard and long•••

CCI Cesar c. Chavez

= And California Farmer editor Jack T. Pickett~ commented (March 3, 1973):~ "For some dumb reason, our President~ let Hoffa out of prison. He has been ordered~ to stay out of union affairs, but anybody who ­~ believes he will also believes in the Easter~ bunny."

=_ Pickett also had an interesting series of~ editorials in California Farmer last fall. On ­~ October 21, 1972, he wrote:= "If Proposition 22 does not pass, all farmers~ are up a stream without a paddle. This is~ your last crack at some protective legislation." =

=On October 7, 1972, he wrote:

_ "The farm labor initiative has been dragged~ into court. We feel sure the judicial system~ will throw out the allegations, half--truths, _~ phoney testimonials, and the unprecedented~ claim of fraud, The court will find that this =~ is a fine, fair, carefully written legal instr-~ ument which protects the public, farm workers~ farmers, and last but not least, also protects~ the old established unions who abide by these~ same principles, put into law many years ago." _

=

e~

Keed to Punish EmployersWha; we need is legislation to punish em­

ployers who hire strikebr~akers (anyone used.0 break a strike by w orker~ whether it be "in Los Angeles or Salinas). We must facethe fact that economics of pennies will notprovide strong sanctions so that no employerwould risk destroying the rights of workers.

We also need legislation to regulate and re­strict contractors. (These are people who spec­ialize in providing immediate work forces forgrowers or industrial employers during astrike). These contractors have no CO:lcernfor the worker. Their concern is financialsuccss at our expense. They are the scabof the scabs. They are many times our ownpeople who for the smell of the "green paper"

Continued next page.

~ Compiled by Jim Horgan,~ Union Research Department

~11111111111111111111111111111111111"1111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111r,;

are subjected to embarrassing and burdensomepractices and rules enforced by non-interestedor caring governmental agencies.

Finally, another item from George Ing' s §- "gUidelines": =

" Housewives" can be a very vital factor ~

- in orchard work. \Vomen can fit in very well ~- in areas such as grafting, budding, poisoning ~

gophers and mice, checking during harvest, ~thinning, picking cherries, pruning young trees. ~

They are very conscientious, courteous workers ~

- who are a pleasure to have on the place. ~

~ They do good quality work, clon't have drinking ~

~ problems, show up every day or call to let ~~ the su~rvisor know why not, and can be a ~

§ vital factor in your labor force." =

=

And on December 9, 1972, his first i_ after the election, he wrote:

"Prominent members of the clergy: Pro­testant, Catholic, Jewish; demagogiC politicians; _

=- the liberal news media; alleged labor leaders; =people who wish to do good but are sadly ~

<= misinformed, and lastly, a loud and loquacious =~ band of crusaders who play fast and loose~ with· the truth-- these are the executioners ­- of Proposition 22."

=

-=of this country. A scab strikebreaker has thetalent of taking many colors and forms.

One day he might be on the farm, the otherin the garment industry destroying our sisters'only hope to organize the sweatshops that linethe streets of central Los Angeles. We sharea mutual problem: the th reatthat strikebreakerspose to our jobs and lives and families; in thatwe are very"much the same.

Weare not opposed to aliens coming intothis country. because ~hey are not aliens; theyare our brothers. That is why we supportfamilies coming into state and country to finddecent jobs; but we must ask: Why do thegrowers and the employers only bring oversingle people"? Why do they destroy not onlythe life of the worker who is out on strike,but also the life of the exploited alien whois used as a strikebreaker?

We will never tolerate our brothers beingruthlessly exploited at our and their expense.We have more dignity than to buckle underthe devious and manipulative schemes of man­agement. \Ve must always remember our mut­uality of injustice and our mutual threat: man­agement and their lackeys.

We are not opposed to employers hiringour brothers so long as they are not usedto destroy our movement. The workers' plightis very similar to that of our student brothersstruggling to get an education on limited fundswithin a discriminatory system. \Ve have manytimes seen when students have gone out onstrike to protest the cutbacks of EOP program'_in our colleges.

Those protests have been effective, other~

have not. But what if the college administrat:>rFmerely brought in other students to taL;e thegrants of those on strike, perhaps even theil'own brothers?

The effect of such a move would be Jevas­tating to our students and their ability to ob­tain an education. The prublem is ".mltipliedwhen one's work and family is affected by astrikebreaker. It is the same:' unjustified mis­treatment, harassment. and loss of one's dig­nity in fighting effectively for-his rights.

We do not support the breaking up of fam­ilies who have had long roots in this country.and who, but for the lack of a piece of paper"

VIIOI OPPOSBS

_ On November 18,1972, he wrote:"Right now I'm slightly purple from holding _

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~_ my breath. Na~rally I am hoW~g h owr =~ Proposition 22. Never in my life have I heard ~~ such a bunch of dirty lies about a piece 01 ~§ legislation. It's the technique of the big lie. ­~ The opposition has taken some of the best _§ fea~res of 22 and completely ~rned them ~~ around with their lies." _

Weare opposed and will always be opposedto human exploitation and injustice. The Ro­dino Bill (HR 982) does not provide the answerto our problems as workers nor does it makemanagement and employers bear the full res­ponsiblity of their duty to workers strugglingfor their rights.

Loopholes No ProtectionWe feel that the Rodino Bill is not the an~wer

to our problem in the fields, nor the answerto our brother workers in the city. The Billdoes not speak of, the control and restrictionsplaced on employers who hire strikebreakers,nor is the punishment of management as theexploiter of our brothers sufficient a deterrent.Five hundred dollars will not stop managementfrom breaking strikes.

Slaps on the wrists will not protect themasses of our brother workers , nor willwholesale registration stop the contractor whospecialize in destroying our movement. Ha­rassent and the breaking up of the familywill not protect our jobs from management­oriented schemes to insure that their profitmargin will not be affected by human needs.

Instead of placing the responsibility whereit is due, the Rodino bill includes Unions to­gether with the contractors as being liablefor civil and criminal prosecutions. Further­more, the bill gives the unscrupulous employera way to escape and lic-.bility just by lettingthe alien sign a statement. Workers can neverbe protected by giving loopholes to the verypeople they are supposed to be protected ag­ainst: management and contractors.

Opposed to StrikebreakersWe are opposed to strikebreakers, whatever

race, creed or color; they are the bacteriawhich eat away at our movement. And yet, theyare also the exploited. And it is in thh areain which there is no distinction between ruraland urban Chicano 'A:orkers. We are brothersboth in spirit and injustice.

/\. worker losing his job as a result ofstrikebreakers suffers the same indignities andloss whether he is in Delano or Los Angeles.Strikebreaking is not unique to the farmlands

!IDOES NOT SOLVETHE PROBLEM OF STRIKEBREAKING"

14 • EL MALCRIADO • April 6, 1973

EditorialWE CANOOT BE DEFeATED

Events during the fast two weeks show that if we con­inue our struggle with enough hard work and discipline,we will find victory. In its lawsuit against the Unionand our supporters, Safeway admits that the boycott hascost it $100 million dollars in profits.

Teamster officials, in an attempt to enslave farm workersquickly, have signed a pact with labor contractors, themost corrupt and hated segment of agribusiness as faras farm workers are concerned. Farm workers will notstand for it.

In the Coacheila Valley, as well as in other valleys,farm workers retaliate with sit downs whenever Team­ster organizers enter fields with their threats and theirlies. So Teamsters are now resorting to "goon squad"tactics to force farm workers to sign up with them onlyto find even greater resistance.

Mounting public outrage at the sight of a large, wealthyunion's leadership wheeling and dealing with growers to

impose sweetheart contracts and back-door deals on farmworkers can even be found among Teamster membersthemselves.

This, plus the collusion between federal agenCies, thegrowers and the Teamsters in the Monitor4 IX> isonedlettuce scandal, which may soon become the "Phosdrinpoisoned lettuce scandal" is galvanizing public supportin favor of the lettuce boycott and the boycotts againstSafeway and A&P. Volunteer committees are mushroomingacross the country.

In the end the growers and the stores that sell theirpoisoned scab lettuce will find themselves facing devas­tating economic losses, while Teamster officials willfind themselves caught in their own filthy trap. At thatpoint, the' lettuce growers will have to negotiate trueUnion contracts with the United Farm Workers. And thelabor contractors and other scabs who counted on theTeamsters to bail them out from havingdto live honestlives will find themselves out in the cold. SI SE PUEDE"

History of Conflict With Teamsters Par' two

(The following is the second part of a letterby William Kircher, Director of Organizationof the national AFL-CIO, in which he givesa clear and well-written account of the growers'attempts to use the Teamsters to stop ourorganizing efforts. The letter is addressedto Mrs. Esther Peterson, onsumer Advisorfor Giant Food, Inc.--EL MALCRIADO)

OPPOSES BILLContinued from page 14.

are driven to destroy their own brothers. '1heyhave homes everywhere.

Just like the strikebreaker, the labor con­ractor is a chameleon <Jf injustices. He adu­usts to every environment no one is exempt

from his treason. Yet, no legislation to dateaddresses itself squarely to these issues. Whereis the legislative leadership on these issueswhich affect all workers morst directly?

Finally, we must never lose sight of our pur­pose nor our mutual sharing of injustices.We suffer and sweat together, not only asbrothers in blood, but as workers. And asworkers , we must never allow the wholesaledestruction of our movement, nor placate thevery interests which seek to destroy us: theemployer , the labor contractor and the strike­breaker.

Increase Immigration QuotasWe are also in suppott of increasing the

Western Hemispheric quotas for the UnitedStates. It seems that other minority groupsare always given priorities, especially fromthe Eastern Hemisphere. We support a moreequal distribution of these quotas to avoidblatant discrimination against our people.

We also support legislation that will avoidthe problems of the Dixon Arnett Law. Thislaw did not solve any problems. It is similarto the Rodino Bill with no effective protectionfor the worker or the illegal alien. It isbalanced against the poor and those not ineconomIc or political power. This inequitymust be resolved to prevent management fromcontinuing to escape its responsibility andduty.

Finally, we will support legislation which willmake it easier for all people, especially families,to apply for resident status or citizenship.We have long been aware of the discriminatorymanner in which the immigration laws workagainst Spanish-speaking people and the fa­voritism for allOWing single people only to le­gally or illegally enter the country with theimplied cooperation of management and immi-­gration authorities.

Yet families wishing to cross the border aredenied such access. We must work to breakthe language barrier in the application for re­sident status or citizenship and allow peopleto complete such applications in the languagein which they are most literate. This isnot an unreasonable approach.

by the Union Legislative Department

Now why did it occur in 1970 '(Teamsterssigning contracts with lettuce growers)? I thinkyou know the answer to that one. It occurredbecause in June of 1970 the Farm WorkersUnion triumphed in the five - year strugglein the grape Vineyards and were moving on intothe next target area..•THE LETTUCE FIELDSOF CALIFORNIA.

I was there, Esther, in person, when ithappened. Cesar and I had gone from Delano(following the finaliZing of the grape nego­tiations) to Santa Maria and on to Salinas. Wewere meeting with our membership in thelettuce fields. The meetings were big andenergetic and extremely enthusiastic about thefuture of "their union" the Farm WorkersUnion. Amidst all-of this there was suddenlyan announcement over the TV and radio, newsthat the Teamsters Union and virtually ALLOF THE GROWERS in the Santa Maria andSalinas areas had signed contracts. (Whenasked by a newspaperman what the lengthof the contracts were, they replied "five years"When asked what wage levels had been agreedto they replied, "we haven't had time to workthose out yet" .)

And so it is true that 75% of the lettuce"pickers" are , as the pamphlet says, co­vered by "union contracts". Now you knowwhat kind of contracts. There is no machineryfor attacking the procedure, Esther. If theworkforce were covered by the Federal Lawthen the Farm Workers Union could haveimmediately gone to the National Labor RelationsBoard and instituted proceedings whereby thestate law and unfortunately that law does notgo behind a contract to determine whether itrepresents the wishes of workers but recognizesit on a prima facie basis as long as the agentsare apparently bona fide. The same law thenmakes striking by a competing union (in thiscase the Farm Workers) illegal because of thejurisdictional nature. Thus the farm workerswere reft to travel one of two roads••.• (l)accepting what the Teamsters had done andth~reby almost sounding the death knell fortheir union or (2) fighting back••~and the onlyway to fight was and is through the boycottbecause of the state prohibition against anyother kind of action.

Let me proceed to a further glaringly "truth­ful" presentation of that pamphlet. With all of thesubsequent dates in their section on "history",(my Goe! what has been done to "history" over

. the ages) they completely ignore the agreementreached between the Teamsters and the Farmworke:-s under the auspices of the National AFL·CIO and the American Bishops Committeewhereby agreement was reached to cede overto the Farm Workers Union all of the jur­isdiction in agriculture in field operations andmost br the related occLip~tions within the farmcomplex. The Teamsters even brought the grow­ers into those meetings (believe fre, no onebut the Teamsters could have done that) andit was agreed that the UP';V and the growe'rswould enter into negotiations on a contractand when that contract was completed it wouldnegate, replace and displace the Teamsters

contract and the Teamsters. The growers madeit painfully clear that as they did this theywould not have their actions interpreted asmeaning they were "giving up their Teamstercontracts" and they further pointed out thatthey had a strong legal position and that theTeamsters could be handled in court with re-

.s pect to liVing up to and honoring those con­tracts.

Thus the negotiations started in the earlysummer of 1971 between the UFWU and the growersand throughout the many many hours and daysof negotiations the Teamsters and their sub­standard five··year contracts were "in thewings" . It was an impossible situation andearly in November of 1971 the negotiationsbroke off with the growers declaring vehementlythat they had Teamster contracts and theTeamsters not in any way denying it.

That's a fast and brief recap. My pointis that in the interest of honesty don't youthink it is strange that it would have beenomitted from the Teamster pamphlet you sentme.

Esther, I've wri~ten this almost on the run.There are ream!" that I could write••. and muchmore that I could say and editorialize on.In the final analysis I don't think your cor­poration will be much impressed by what Ithink personally. I've really tried to give youenough information, with factual response tothat pamphlet, that you will know preciselywhat kind of a situation you are REALLYdealing with when you make your determination .•

Thanks for writing me. It's always pleasantto have a note from you.••cvel1 this kind.

traternally and sincerely,

William L. KircherDirector of Organization, AFL~CIO

EL MAl.CaliDO•

Published every two weeks as theOfficial voice of the:

UNITED FARM WORKERSAFL-CIO

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April 6, 1973 • EL MALCRIADO • 15

EI Malcriado Starts Distribtion Drive In CoacbeDa Valley

EL MALCRIADO launched a distribution drive March 22 in the Coachella Valley. The sisters andbrothers pictured above--all dedicated members of our Union--participated and distributed morethan 200 MALCRIADOS door-to-door at the Labor Camp in Indio, California.

The sisters and brothers who volunteered their time and effort to this important . drive wer~:

(front, left to right) Isidro Alonzo, who works at the Freedman Company; Richard Parker; EstebanA. Gutierrez; Pedro Zamora; Aurelio Ustoy (Freedman); Raymundo Huerta; Lorrain Nunez; LuciaGarcia; Adelina Rios; (back, left to right) Isidro Nava; Mike Quines; (not appearing in photo)Tereso Rendon and Antonio Zendejas (Freedman).

Unionists Adelina Rios (right) and LuciaGarda (!eft) enjoydistributingEL MALCRIADO.

Director of the Union in the Coachella ValleyRaymundo Huerta urges all farm workers tocooperate with the distribution of EL MAL­CRIADO so that we can be better informedand better able to defend ourselves againstthose who would take away our right to or­ganize our own Union. Pedro Zamora, veteran of many Union cam­

paigns, succeeds once again in leaving a MAL­CRIADO at a farm worker home.