1/27 ea technology dchp field trials practical experiences with the whispergen project manager : rob...
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3/27 Floor-mounted boiler replacement External combustion Stirling cycle What is the WhisperGenTRANSCRIPT
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ea technology
DCHP Field TrialsPractical Experiences with the WhisperGen
Project Manager : Rob GreenPresented by Yvonne Dickson
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Overview
• Introduction to the WhisperGen• History of EA Technology’s involvement• WhisperGen & the Stirling Cycle• Field trials• Performance
– Does it save money?– Does it reduce CO2 emissions?
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• Floor-mounted boiler replacement
• External combustion• Stirling cycle
What is the WhisperGen
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WhisperGen in the home
WhisperGen
microCHPunit
GRID ELECTRICITYIMPORT / EXPORT
GAS100%
EXHAUST10%
GENERATION10 %
HEAT80 %
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Project History• 1999 - studies of commercial viability• 2000 - lab demo of Mk I WhisperGen• 2001 - Mk I
• 3 trial houses + test house + lab endurance• 2002 - alpha trial Mk II
• 13 houses + lab endurance (4)• 2003 - beta trial Mk III
• 15 Chester + 13 Ipswich + lab (Mk II & III)• 2003 / 4 - Mk IV
• pre-launch checks - 3 Chester houses
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Powergen market launch 2004• EA Technology training of installers• Monitoring for Carbon Trust & DTI
Project History (2)
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Piston
RegeneratorGas Flame
Cooling Circuit
The Stirling Cycle
Piston
Gas
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The Stirling Cycle
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compression at constant temperature
The Stirling Cycle
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displacement / regeneration at constant volume
The Stirling Cycle
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expansion at constant temperature
The Stirling Cycle
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displacement / regeneration at constant volume
The Stirling Cycle
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WhisperGen & the Stirling Cycle
ReturnFlow
Generator
Wobble Yoke
Air
GasHOT END
COLD END
Exhaust Cooler
4 CylinderNitrogen FilledStirling Engine
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WhisperGen
• Mk IV current– 0.85 kWe / 6 kW t– 1.2 kWe / 8 kW t
• Mk V soon– ~ 1 kWe / 7 kW t to ~ 1 kWe / 15 kW t
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The need for field trials
Prototype:– Ease of installation– Reliability– Operational experience– Control systems– User acceptability– Performance / Economics– Improvements
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The need for field trials (2)
Market ready:• Carbon Trust
– CO2 emissions– Product accreditation
• DTI / electricity suppliers– Electricity metering / settlement
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EA Technology Field Trials
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What to measure?
• Electricity kWh– Generation– House in and out
• Heat output• Gas input• Temperatures?
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Findings
• Range of house types & occupancy patterns– Both affect run hours– Occupant behaviour – big variable
• Sales + Accreditation?• User acceptability
– Noise– Speed of response
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Electricity
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00:00 02:00 04:00 06:00 08:00 10:00 12:00 14:00 16:00 18:00 20:00 22:00 00:00
time
kW (a
vera
ge o
ver 1
5 m
in)
14/02/02House useHouse ImportHouse ExportWG Export
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Electricity
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-0.5
0
0.5
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00:00 02:00 04:00 06:00 08:00 10:00 12:00 14:00 16:00 18:00 20:00 22:00 00:00
time
kW (a
vera
ge o
ver 1
5 m
in)
17/04/02House useHouse ImportHouse ExportWG Export
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Electricity
-1
-0.5
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
00:00 02:00 04:00 06:00 08:00 10:00 12:00 14:00 16:00 18:00 20:00 22:00 00:00
time
kW (a
vera
ge o
ver
15 m
in)
09/03/02House useHouse ImportHouse ExportWG Export
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Economics – does it save money?
• Well matched (application & engine)– £150 to £200 / year (~ €250 / year)
• Need long run hours– Occupancy pattern– House heat loss (need large houses)
• Mk V
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Government targets CO2
- Global warming / Kyoto- dCHP high priority
• dCHP in context of house- 60 WhisperGen sites to be monitored
- 40 Powergen- 20 Northern Ireland
Carbon Trust Monitoring Trial
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Carbon Trust Method
Pulses (Gas, electric, heat)
Temperatures Logger / receiver
Telemetry systemGSM
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Does it save CO2?
• Comparing against?– Boiler (B rated 86%+, A rated ~93%)– Central power station
• If dCHP overall efficiency >= boiler efficiency– Obviously reduces CO2 emissions
• If dCHP overall efficiency < boiler efficiency– Not so clear cut
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Conclusions• WhisperGen is commercially available
– Stirling Cycle, External Combustion• Field trials are essential to prove:
– Customer acceptability, reliability, use patterns export (utilisation) etc. etc.
• Occupant behaviour has a big effect• Mk V should expand market for WhisperGen• Saves CO2?