1.27 sustainable school arch
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Sustainable School Architecture
CHPS and High Performance School Grants
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Sustainability
1. Sites and buildingsdesigned forcomplete life cycle
2. Integration of sitedevelopment,building orientationmassing, systemsand features
3. Individualperformance criteriaset, met, andmonitored
4. Building operationand maintenance
considered indesign
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Where are the students?
They are mostly in existing buildings!
California Classroom need projections 2007 to 2012 Data fromState Agencies
Nationwide
55million students
5million faculty
20%of Americas population
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1. Building asorganism
2. Sites and buildings
designed together3. Building as cultural
meaning
Integrated Design
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Sustainability
1. Sites and buildingsdesigned forcomplete life cycle
Reuse of existing buildings is the most important strategyAt least 20% of a buildings energy use is during constructionFew buildings are built/replaced annually20% of landfill debris is construction debris
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Sustainability
1. Sites and buildingsdesigned forcomplete life cycle
2. Site development,building orientationand massing,systems andfeatures designed in
an integrated way
Adapt buildings and sites to the context and climateDaylightNatural ventilation and thermal comfortReuse of existing development
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S t i bilit
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Sustainability
1. Sites and buildingsdesigned forcomplete life cycle
2. Site development,building orientationand massing,systems andfeatures designed in
an integrated way3. Individualperformance criteriaset, met, andmonitored
Light spaces appropriate to users and tasks
Right size mechanical systemsMonday, October 4, 2010
S t i bilit
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Sustainability
1. Sites and buildingsdesigned forcomplete life cycle
2. Site development,building orientationand massing,systems andfeatures designed in
an integrated way3. Individualperformance criteriaset, met, andmonitored
4. Building operation
and maintenanceconsidered indesign
Passive features can be automatic too.Monday, October 4, 2010
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Market makerMany building types
Third party verification
K-12 EducationHigh performance school grants
Verification or design standard
Residential developmentsTax credit funding standardIncludes community process
Voluntary until 2010Many building typesLEED Silver
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CHPS 2009 CriteriaLeadership, Educationand Innovation (LEI)Sustainable Sites (SS)
Water (WE)Energy (EE)Climate Change (CL)Materials (ME)Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ)
LEED 2009 CriteriaSustainable Sites
WaterEnergyMaterialsIndoor Environmental QualityInnovation in DesignRegional Priority
Green Communities 2008 CriteriaIntegrated Design
Site, Location and Neighborhood FabricSite ImprovementsWater ConservationEnergy EfficiencyMaterials Beneficial to the EnvironmentHealthy Living Environment
Operations and Maintenance
Green Metrics
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Modernization HPS grants
Increase Mod Base Grant by:
2% at 20 points plus 0.025 % for each point from 21 through33 points; or
2.35 % at 34 points plus 0.24 % for each point from 35through 40 points; or
4 % at 41 points plus 0.36 % for each point from 42 through54 points; or
9.05 % at 55 points plus 0.060 % for each point from 56through 77 points.
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District HPS Mod Grant Calculation
Ford Elementary500 K-6 Grants
Basic Mod Grant: $3,366
500 X $3,366 = $1,683,000CHPS Goal: 41points
41 points = 4.0 % increase
HPS Grant = $1,683,000 X .04 = $67,320
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High Performance SchoolCase Studies
Pilot school Georgina Blach Intermediate School
High Performance District Los Altos, CA
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Pilot School
Georgina Blach Intermediate School,before modernization
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Original Finger school Campus
Public (grades 7-8)Built 1958, 1962, 1978450 students34,000 sf13 acres
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Campus after modernization
75,000 sfDaylit teaching spacesNew quadNew library
New gymNew systemsEnergy use reducedby 45%
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High Performance Decision Points
Participate in demonstration program? additional utility funding
additional technical support
potential unproven technology
potential competing goals
ongoing site visits and monitoring unknown effects on construction
PG+E lightingclassroomhelped set desired lightlevels
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No dark classrooms
New classroom
Original classroom
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Los Altos climate
Temperate, Mediterranean climate withlittle need for cooling
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Fresh air AND energy efficiency
Teachers union agreement required air conditioningCooling load reduced to reduce unit sizes and increase efficiencyPassive stack ventilation developed to reduce air conditioning hours
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Reuse existing structures
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Reduce impermeable paving
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Show your work
Glazing orientation varies with solarorientation
Roof run-off visible under canopy
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New library inserted between twoexisting buildings
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Thorough modernization
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Maximize north light
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Automate fresh air
Fresh air drawn in through louverEnergy management systemactivates clerestory window operator
operator
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Daylight compensation dimming
Sensors measure illumination anddim lights to maintain constant levels
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I t t d D i
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Integrated Design
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Integrated Design
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Integrated Design
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Decision flow
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Decision flow
Seismicimprovement
New shearpanels
ReducedWindow area
New work atroof
New clerestorywindows
New plywoodroof deck
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Before no lateral system
After shear walls installed, displaywindows added, roof diaphragmstrengthened, roof monitors added
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Modernization vs replacement
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Modernization vs replacement
Does the site plan work? for education
for sustainability
Are classroom structures sound? What kind of funding is available?
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Redirect drainageReplace agedportablesRehab classroomsRemove deterioratedadministrative buildingReplace existingmultipurpose
Plan for the futureReplace portablesNew flex spaceNew kindergartens
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Existing permanent facilities limited
Existing construction shoddyExisting classrooms dark
Drainage problems at existing site
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Classroom transformation
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Classroom transformation
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Classroom transformation
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Classroom transformation
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Fundingsources
State funding Developer bondsNeeds Classrooms used all day Space for teacher prep Flexibility Cost effective designStrategies Use (e) buildings better Create defined academies Repeat prototypes
Plan for future uses High performance design Phase construction
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Prototyping high performance
Bounce south lightNorth light direct
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Fit site needs and energy needs
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gy
Two learning communities
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Daylight, fresh air, flexibility
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Tight budget
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Vanden music room, high performance, integrated design
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How farcan weafford to
go? New Construction& Site Work:
CHPS Verified
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Meet basic CHPS goals:
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g
Daylighting
Energy efficiency
Finish selection
Future Upgrades
Ceiling
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E Morris Cox School New Construction
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E. Morris Cox School New Construction
45 points(exponential incentive funding relationship)
10.5% cost factor(4% landscape) 23% better than title 24
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Ohlone Elementary School, Palo Alto
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