y

S O S

UNCLASSiFl!

REPORT OF C O K B I H i D

A.1 R B 0 R H E - T R 0 0 P M A N E U V E R

C A R R I E

24 T O 29 S E P T E M B E R 1944

' % DEC 1944 , WDGS"

B. S. JOHNSTON Colonel, InfantryCUSTODIAN

#'

IE-TROOP CARRIER MANEUVER Camp Mac kail, Jforth Carolina

I II

- Summary Preparation the Project Purpose The problem Maneuver rrea Maneuver Staff organization participating units Control of Area The Plan Glider evacuation medical Visitors* pureau umpires priefings

III - Execution neception pathfinder Mission Parachute Mission Glider Landing Mission Air Transport Landings Medical Evacuation Air Cargo pesupply IV - Appendices A' - Orders, Memorandums and Instructions issued by Maneuver Headquarters. v - General staff sections C - Special Staff Sections weather vcignal and Communications Qua r te rmas t e r Surgeon public Relations officer provost Marshal Engineering ard maintenance Transportation T) - I Tactical rir division E - 13th Airborne revision p - 60th Troop Carrier wing G - 1st Provisionsl Troop Carrier Group F - Umpires Chief Ground Umpire Chief ^ir Umpire Chief medical umpire I - photographs j - Maps

fci c

O H

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AIRBORNE-TROOP CARRIER MANEUVER HEADQUARTERS Camp M a c k a l l , N o r t h C a r o l i n a REPORT OF COMBINED A3RBORME-IROQP CARRIER MANEUVER SEPTEMBER 24- - 2 9 , 1 9 4 4 Summary of Maneuver GENERAL 1 A combined Airborne-Troop Carrier Maneuver was conducted in the North Carolina maneuver area in the general v i c i n i t y of Camp Mackall, North Carolina during the period of 24 September 1944- t o 29 September 1944-j inclus ive a PURPOSE 2^. a* Training of Airborne and Troop Carrier Staffs in planning, supervising and conducting Airborne operations. b o Training of Airborne and Troop Carrier units in air movement, rapid assembly and attack by combined arms during both day and night. SCOPE 3# a. Duration of five days. b# Employment of at least two departure air bases.

c. Objective area to be reached by circuitous route of approxi mately 100 miles, d. Landing'and assembly of units to be made at night to the maximum extent practicable. e. No contact to be made with friendly ground forces prior to f After the Division has been closed in the objective a r e a , resupply and evacuation by a i r and/or a i r landings u n t i l D/4. TROOPS

A.BLUE 13th AB Div. 60th TC Wing Units I T D A 130th Evac Kosp RED 151st AB~Tank Co 89th Div Ren Troop 841st A/iA L/H Bn 161st AB Sngr Bn TASK FORCE Staffs of AB, TCC. XXII Corps 4105 QM Co (Truck; 4107 QM Co (Truck) 3978 QM Co (Truck) 85th Sig Opns Co Prov MP Co 511 Med Coll Co 512 Med Coll Co

DESCRIPTION 5. a . A j o i n t staff composed of r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s of the XSII Corpi; the Airborne Center, and the I Troop .Carrier Command was organi i n i t i a t e preparation for maneuver. This staff arrangements, prepared the t a c t i c a l situa^ioErand issued i n s t r u c t i o n s t c

the participating units for the conduct of the maneuver. 3h addition, it functioned as a higher headquarters during the actual maneuver. b. The timing of operations was based on 25 September 194-4- as D-day, H-hour being 0600 EWT. c. The night movement of the 13th Airborne Division to its land ing area under blackout conditions was accomplished by two groups, the 34-9th and 1st Provisional Troop Carrier Groups of the 60th Troop Carrier Wing. A normal Troop Carrier Wing consists of four groups, each group consisting of four squadrons containing 16 powered aircraft, with a total of 256 powered aircraft in the Wing. These two Troop Carrier Groups were the only ones available in the United States for this maneuver. The 1st Provisional Troop Carrier Group had only three squadrons assigned. Accordingly, a Provisional squadron was formed and assigned to this group. Each squadron of each group v;as reinforced by seven additional powered aircraft and crevjs obtained from Combat Crew Training Schools and Troop Carrier units in operational train ing. This resulted in the Wing having 18J+ powered aircraft, and crews r.ssigned. d. The 1st Provisional Troop Carrier Group operating from Lumber- tea and the 349th Group operating from Laur:.nburg*Maxton, with a total of j 6 aircraft, transported paratroopers over a circuitous 100-mile courge to .9 \,hree parachute dropping zones and jumped their loads at five-minute inter vals on each PDZ beginning at 2030, D-l, 24- September. There was a complete overcast at the time of the drop, with a 4.000-foot ceiling, and very re stricted visibility due to haze and smoke, affording a very dark night. h'lo to the weather conditions in the blacked out area, many aircraft and olements became lost and were not able to locate their respective targets. This resulted in paratroopers being dropped in widely dispersed areas. Fol lowing the parachute serials, 20 CG-4u's were flown in double tow to land in the same PDZ used by the paratroopers, carrying jeeps as prime movers for -i ths guns of the parachute field artillery. All of these gliders arrived on ttne and landed in the proper glider landing zone in spite of the limited visibility. The maneuver would have been postponed for 24- hours to obtain better weather conditions except for the fact the combined opinion of all the weather officers in this region unfortunately was that poorer weather conditions would prevail for the next several days. Actually the follow ing days turned out to be perfect. e. The two groups were scheduled to bring 218 CG-4A gliders in double tow, and four CG-13 gliders in single tow to seven glider landing zones in the period first light to dawn. This would have resulted in more than fifty percent of the Division being brought in during the hours of darkness. However, due to unfavorable weathor conditions, the departure of the gliders was delayed for two hours, and the gliders landed at 084$ All but four gliders landed in their respective zones, on time, and all were within 44 minutes. This was considered a very successful mission. -f . The first tactical objective of the Division was the capture A the Camp Mackall Air Field. This was accomplished at 1200, 25 Septem ber, at which time the Division notified the Wing that the airport would e available for air landings within one hour. Air landings were begun at v ' a time and the Division plus an evacuation hospital requiring 60 air -rt :vaft sorties closed with all its personnel by 2010, D-day, 25 September, .JJ less than 24- hours. The entire Division was then developed for co \ iinated action. Resupply consisting of 4-70 tons followed immediately, : id continued to 04.00 in the morning of 26 September, D/l, when suspended o 3 was not to begin until 1200 on D/l. Sufficient guards

'were to be provided to insure safeguarding of gliders and accessories landed in glider zones during the maneuver. Gliders lost enroute were to be guarded by Provost mar shal3 llaneuver Headquarters, as soon as location was given by 60th Troop Carrier Y/ing. The detailed plans

issued by V/ing for protection and evacuation provided in 13 structions on all phases of the problem,

iJSICAL The irane liver surgeon was to provide and coordinate higherechelon medical service for bcth administrative and tactical casualties during the maneuver. The lower

echelons of command were to work out detailed plans for tne medical care of personnel in the aniv.s. (.idiiinis trative casualties are those actual injuries and illnes ses which demand emergency evacuation and hospitalization. Tactical casualties are those casualties tagged by the umpires3 and minor injuries.) 13. I a . . e i . ' 3 AB/TC Hdq, 11 Sept 44^ Iian.IIerjo#9?AB/TC InILno.;, Hdq$ See IIan.lLemo^2960th TCW, for details of ^Adrninis trative Control and Evacuation of Gliders.1' 14. Man. Hemo #3, AB/TC Hdq, 15 Sept 44.

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The organic medical units of the 13th Airborne Division were to furnish medical service to Blue Forces3 according to regular 30? 5 with the exception that they would establish a clearing station as soon as the air heads were secured. Such facilities were to be set up

within one-half mile of the airhead for providing medi cal service for all airhead personnel in addition to that of the Blue Force9 until relieved by 130th Evacuation Hospital. The Evacuation Hospital was to clear patients

from tlio division ana deliver thorn to 60th Troop Carrier ' i g for evacuation by air. ./n 130th Evacuation Hospital

and 60th Troop Carrier V/ing were jointly responsible for loading patients in the plane. Organic medical units of the Red Forces were to function according to regular bOj?0 In the absence of

organic medical support5 casualties were to be evacuated by the nearest medical installation through ground 16 umpires. 60th Troop Carrier v/ing was responsible for medical service to all units at the departure bases, from H-12 to departure. Additional medical service was to be pro Units

vided for personnel while planes were in flight.

of the medical Air Evacuation Transport Squadron were attached to 60th Troop Carrier Wing to function accord ing to their own SOP. A central control station was to be established at Maneuver Headquarters to coordinate the activities of the 15. I Ian. Ilemo #3, A3/TC Hdq, 15 Sept 44 16. Ibid 17. Ibid

- 13

administrative medical installations. A complete com munication net was established for the purpose of keep-^ ing maneuver headquarters informed of administrative casualties in any part of the maneuver area. VISITORS BURSMJ In order to accommodate the various observers and visitors, an Observers Bureau was established in a wing of the Airborne Center School, with Kajor Graham T. Stevens, ITCC, in control. It was incumbent upon this

office to provide for quarters and mess for the umpires9 press9 and observers, and to furnish transportation to the Maneuver Area for the press and observers. For billeting purposes, the Bureau operated nine buildings for quarters and one for messing. On the night of D-l

and on the morning of D-day, the bureau provided an es cort to the visitors' convoy which consisted of seven staff cars, thirty-five jeeps, and two personnel carriers bearing the press. One hundred forty observers and twenty-

nine- correspondents registered at the bureau during the initial phase of the maneuver.

-i-p

In this mansuvor the Public Relations Office was separated from the Observers Bureau. The chief func

tions of the former ware to arrange for adequate pub licity for the maneuver, to insure proper orientation for the press and other visitors, to edit all news re leases so that classifiod material would not be sent forth, and to provide the visitors with the opportunity to witness as much of the operation as possible. Iiajor

- 14

Vincent P.

:;

/ilbur, ITCC, was charged with the responsi

bility of overseeing this section. On September 23, members of the press were briefed thoroughly for one and a half hours by Colonel ITichols, Colonel Balbey, Lt Colonel Valsii, Iiajor Kvi&era, Kajor V/ilbur, and Ilajor Parker (V/D Representative) as the speak ers. The plan of the maneuver, the functions of each

major unit, the medical preparations, and the necessary security precautions were forcefully brought.to the attention of the listeners. In the afternoon of the 23rd,

the press was taken to Ilaxton Army Air Base to observe the preparations for the maneuver. On 24 September the correspondents were briefed again, this time by Lt Colonel S o T., Uoore, who had spent more than two and a half years in the C3I theater as an officer in the Troop Carrier units stationed there. his discussion Colonel Moore stressed the role of the Troop Carrier Command in modern warfare. Thus, by the In

time the maneuver had begun, the correspondents were con versant with the various phases of the project. The observers, including military representatives of several allied nations, were briefed on the afternoon of D-l, The Public Relations Officer prepared a detailed itinerary which provided the observers with ample oppor tunity to witness all phases of the operation. The

Public Relations Office also distributed a brochure describing, as far as security measures would

18.

See Observers Schedule, Appendix C.

- 15

permit, the organization, the training, the weapons, and the accomplishments of the Airborne and Troop 19 Carrier Commands

ULFIR3S In order to provide a means of evaluating the activities of the units involved In the maneuver, two sets of umpires wero procured, - one for air and one for ground. The duty of the air umpires was to observe and evaluate such points as the briefing of pilots, the type and quality of formations flown, the approach to and departure from the drop zones. After several preliminary conferences, on D-l, the umpires ucro briefed throroughly and given detailed instructions concerning their responsibility, the type of information desired, and the moans of obtaining it. Ten umpires were assigned to judgo the performance of the power planes while 20 were assigned to gliders. The power plane umpires wore detailed in the following manner' three to each of tho Troop Carrier Groups - to observe the take-offs and to fly with the serials; two to each of tho landing areas; two to the SOth Troop Carrier "7ing, one of khich was a Plight Surgeon. Colonel

EcCauloy, the chief air umpire, covered the landing areas, Tho glidor umpires rrere assignee1 as follows:

two to each take-off field; two to each of tho landing fields. raj or Bayne was tho chiof glider umpire while

Captain Smith was tho chief glider umpire in CfLZ !To. 3.

19.

Titlo: "8one Pacts About the Airborne Center and the First Trccp Carrier Command!? Appendix C. - 16

The glider umpires prepared mimeographed questionnaires to bo completed by the glider pilots upon the fulfillment of their missions. The questions involved data on

intcrcon.riunico.tion, take-off, tovj, altitude, element interval, tun; run to landing field, and landing pattern. The cbr;orvations of the two groups of air umpires is contained in the reports of the glider umpires and of the chief air umpire. The principal duties of the ground umpires were to evaluate and permit or deny ta units involved. Decisions ,,cal progress of the

ore based upon the strength,

position, and f iropowc. of the opposing units. The chief ground ur.piro, 1'aior John F. Trudo, re ported to Lancuver Headquarters on 19 September and his principal subordinate;:; registered on 20 September. In order to Insure the competence of the umpires, a school was conducted by the chief umpire In accordance with FII 105-5 and with rules formulated by The Infantry School, Port Banning, Georgia, On the last day of

Instruction a series of comprehensive written tests was * given tc ascertain the degree to which the lessons had been absorbed. Each commissioned umpire was responsible for tho proper Instruction of his enlisted aides, A map ancl control officer was stationed in Uaneuvcr Headquarters charged with the responsibility of keeping the maneuver rituatlcn map abreast of the actual move ments , There v/ere several groups of umpires; one for tho Blue units, one for the Red, one for artillery, and one for medical activities, Tho chief umpire functioned,

- 17

for tuc nest part, -rith-tlic Blue troops.

The chief

Red urrp5.ro net only acted In that capacity, but also we J the Rod Commander, '.crvod as umpires. To facilitate tho receipt of reports from, the field and to provide for adequate contact between the umpires, tho signal corps erected an elaborate phono and radio net, v/ith. Taneuvcr Headquarters as tho central agency. Information uas alec relayed by messenger. The tele His unit commanders also

phone net proved, to bo tho most effective of those means of c ommuni ca t i en A total of 100 corrissicned officers and 217 en listed non, exclusive of those for anti-aircraft artillery and for nodical activities, served as ground umpires during tho Initial phase of the maneuver.

The planning phase of the maneuvers drew to a close with a briefing of the various units participating in tho maneuver. All pilots -Tore given a final briefing Standard operat

on tho various phases of their mission.

ing procedure was to bo followed In all paratroop drop and glider landing serials. In addition, the following

specific instructions r;:6ro given particularly for the maneuver. 1. As many passes ucro to be made over PDZ as were necessary to drop complete load, except In cases of refusals, 2. In event of single engine failure, the pilot v/as to leave the formation Immediately and jump para troops at his ovrn discretion. All troops v/oro to be Juapocl before pilot attempted single engine landing, provided sufficient altitude had been maintained,

- 18

3. All crow ohicfs v/cre tc v/oar parachutes and maintain position at ro::r dcor of plane, listening on interphone fcr any emergency chanre in jump orders from pilot. 4. Cabin lights T/cre not to bo used in static hoch-up or inspection of sane. < : 5. Green fuzzocn at ?DZfs were to bo placed in T

f on at ion. Glider pilots received an additional briefing on the ground phase of the i/aneuver, siiice they were to become a part of the yrcuiid fighting units as soon as landing was made. Ihoy were ^iven a description of the

Oi:orai and specific objective, tc be attained during the nauuuvur by the ground forces . ^hc Comr andinr;

General of the 13th Airborne Divioicn rave a brief talk before the briefing bo.-'an, trhich nade the pilots feel tho'; wore a i : o . b r of the tear,. r.r.e Glider pilots v/ere

assigned and t'^en repo3?ted to the airborne officer under vihciv. they vjculd T c 1 ' after landing their gliders. / r; Rendezvous points -ore indicated and each pilot hnew in advance his responsibilities and duties as a combat mem ber of the ground forces. The training and instruction of the personnel par ticipating in tho maneuver had finally cono to an end. Only the execution of the operation could indicate how ;7oil prepared tho various members of the units were to 20 meet tho problems 77.1th which the^ would be confronted." 20. A-:'., l\""/2 and 0 ^ hepcrt for I.c.ncuvcr, Appendix B. -2

- 19

All phases of the a t t a c k bv" the Airborne-Troop Carrier task force vrcrc keyed for the purpose of and for seiz

ing and securing Car.p l a c k i l l a i r p o r t ,

prevent area

ing the rover; ent of "led Forces through the Hoffman u n t i l r e l i e v e d by f r i e n d l y blue F o r c e s .

The v'oct i.,!1 "fas v.-x t the kii-61 thai; i s r e s t able for Airborne-Troop Carrier a c t i v i t i e s , r^oonliy.htv

desir

since

'!is :u-lcr;-":L u t ^ n t .

Broken clouds to overrv

oast covered th.e sky a t d-,000 to 5,000 f e e t , b i l i t y of five to seven m i l e s . There was a

;ith

visi

surface decreas up be

v-ind "h.r, t ..:.-. rilv.s p-r heur before d e p a r t u r e , hO ' i;.v; to s i x r i l \LJ by ~ h C hours, o,000 f e e t , v-rcrc ayprexiiaately

F3 ^inds a l o f t , sixteen r i l e s

p^r hour.v

Sluice vcAt'ror prc h i c t i c i s

i n d i c a t e d no ...lr-provopont

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e::-.,cut:--cn

"as a-, a c t of d e c e p t i o n .

Dunma.cs were

dro.vod by parachute be"-...'-nd a screen of snioko in an effort port. to dr-;/ e >> ..,,e; y fcrcos h. iro;;> defense of the i;he air

The su.oko screen la-diiy A-20s crossed

Initial

point e x a c t l y '. t^.e a ppciiited ei.:e

(D~l, 1713 hours) and

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1.

I'aneu'^r .h. adquart^rs \-as to decide vr.\ct!ior ^cather v/culcl p e r n i t t!ie r:an.juver to bey;;n a t the scheduled tir.e'. If l e a t h e r did i n t e r f e r e -.rifc.h the yaratrocp d e p a r t u r e , then t'.:>.e nancav..r -vc\ild be postponed 2d .heurn. her/over, if r-cather developed to prevent the "lidor ta]ro-off a f t e r parachute drop v-as ccr> p l e t e d , tho-ii delay v.rcv.ld bo by hourly i n t e r v a l s u n t i l -lid..rs co-Id d e p a r t .

n:..;/ v i s i b i l i t y

of tbo parachute r c p , crake."

o;iccpt for c.

r;ap bo-tv/con the tv:c elcudc cf T'oe C7s cr.rc in c^ur screen a t fbo apijoi.ii^cl tir.x

the Gcut!'^ cud of tbo s; oi:c (D-l, 1715 hours ) to drop Several

cluru'.-iv..s by parachute bc'rLnc. the v-c.ll of siooho. ruee -.Tcr,; i - ; do cvu:r thu duep :3;;..o by the trrc ing planes t c 3irau.la.te a ear^-a; i c r c o ,

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t'".e pnrac'iute dro:^,'"'

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.? -v -o', s ..: i. I s , couponed o-.' lo-l- plane::;, c a r r i e d 19C1 r . i i and 110,5b7 pounds cf jd i n a s o e r b l i n ; se:-'v_ of t h e u - . i t s L.S .:. r e s u l tCX G. '..'.j . . ' - 0. J Sp^. 1'S . i 'L.O . 1 Ox ll'.ii.-. i n S

A battalion :f lufu.;.ti:y v/ae to be dropped in each cf the P.OZc 'Vhe battalion vhic'i dropped in Zone -; ;'!

put ab'C.-t ;!" percent cf th.e perscnrrel in fie drop zcuc, ;.

rent available ithin one and one-ha If hours.

The- bat

talicn dropped in FDh \'2 vjas scattered in such fanner that the jattalicn corr;Wilder did net r.ya\n control of ' . o e than 20 percent cf hie ecru and prior tc 1000 D-day, ..r Individuals and snail ;-roups cf thin battalion had pro arranyed missions cf road ;:^lcch-s and recennaissanco, w:."ich added tc the difficult:;' cf re-aini,,; control of t . e unit. '. Several parachutists landed outside PDZ ye

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but vcro "irett" v/cll rass-^c i n t : . areas . 'n

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Detailed report of drepphn-^ is included in Consoli dated 1 iss5.cn AopcrtSj ebO,, 1st Provisional Troop Carrier proup for laneuver, 2 1 Goptenbcr te 27 -September 19'bi^ G0.'i rT1. 0. 'jiri^ Fcpe Field, port

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subsequent air la-? ir.r.^j, and prevent movement of HSD troops through ECFFluAN and viciniGy. 13th 3 Div attachid Z:ZiJ."S. Corps o;: lending. b. Hie 60th Troop Carrier 7ing v/ill transport the 13th Airborne division a i I attachments by successive air lifts fron i xdeparture ba^es listed in paragraph 3 a above, landing the initial _ elements at or about n.-?i hours. TJpen' completion f ^- 8 lothAir borne Division movement, the 60th /ing will transport suppliesand equipment as directed by this he:/"^uarters c e The 13Cth Evacuation Hospital (attached to the 13th _ airborne Division forairixve.uient) ivill support the 15th airborne ' 1 vision, reverts to A; Ccros on Tactical Group^ Inird Tt-ctica Division D-l day (3ee ^ i r Support aii.os:.o ns p r i l l execute p p Aiiridjr i nne:; W 2) and p r i o r i t y three luisbions o.n oall from the u j.-Ah airborne Division af^er i n i t i a l landings at E-Sf- hours.0o::iro

x.

(1) i)--Day - 25 September 1944, E-cur - 0600"'. (2) Hadio silence mill be imposed except forPath finder Communication until initial landing os: 13th Airborne Division* Reconnaissance prior to D-Day v/ill be that United oy use oi Doncer ana fign"Ger a Complete plans,- to include Field Ordersand J'bvement Tables, v^ill be nucgi^fc^!#^o this headquarters prior Jto^T^Geptienber 4944.

(3) (4)

M A N E U V E R

Field Order No. 1, 8 Sep 44 ^ 4. See Administrative I

5, a . See Signal Annex. (Anii^x NO,, 4 ) . _ b, Command Posts: XXII Corps 13th Airl:orne Division In Forvie.wl Area 60th Trcop CarrierT

-

He Bee, SC {Aotua 1,1-fcneuve r Hq) '.aurinburg-Ivi.zton1;;

o be reported

7ing -

i&urinburg-Mixton

p Composite Tactical G (Ihird T..D) - To be reported i 130 uh 3-ux.< a t ion Hospr.to.". -lo be reportad thru 13 A/B Division

Colonel

Ir.ollllOl

7

!

3j ^ d

, Signal?, C -

DISITvlB

r

AIRBORItfE-TROOP CARRIER LL;\NSUVR HEADQUARTERS Camp M a c k a i l , North C a r o l i n a 20 September 1944 CHANGS HO. 1 TO F . 0 . If 1

So much of paragraph 3 a_9 Field Order Ho. 1 3 dated 8 Sept ember 1944 as pertains to POPE FIELD is revoked. DALBSY OFFICIAL

^/ALSH G-3

THOMAS A-3

DISTRIBUTION; A, C, 0, E , F } G

AIRBORNE-TROOP CARRIER MANEUVER Camp Mackall, North Carolina

ANNEX #1 TO IELD ORDER #1 Maps:

12 Se

P t e m b e r

INTELLIGENCE

1/20,000 - Troy, 22, 23, 24 , 28, 29, 30, 34, 35, 3& Sanford 19, 25, 26, 31, 32 sheets. 1/62,500 - Troy, Candor, Vass, Jackson Springs, Southern pines, Rockingham, Laurinburg sheets. 1/500,000- Charlotte sheet (1944 edition).

1. SUMMARY OF E N M Y SITUATION. a. Map (1/500,000 CHARLOTTE sheet 1944 edition) and overlay. b# Flak overlay - to be issued later.

c. Local Conditions - The projected area of operations is bounded on the east and south by US HIGHWAY #1 CAMSRON to ROCKINGHAM and by that part of CAMP MACKALL MILITARY RESERVATION S of US HIGHWAY #1, on the west by the line ROCKINGHAM-ELLERBE-BISCOE and on the north by the line BISCOE-CARTHAGE-CAMERON. This area is a coastal plain composed of white sandy soil in the south grading into red soil in the northern section on an approximate E-F line BISC0E-PINEHUR3T-F0RT BRAGG. Numerous small streams flowing generally southward or south eastward intersectJbhe area. These streams flow through densely wooded swamp areas that make passage ^ifficlirt~"Ab6\it"fifty per cent of the'area is covered with thick to dense second growth pine and oak, although there are some areas where vegetation is sparse and little cover is to be found. The remainder of the area is composed of farms whose principal crops are corn, cotton, tobacco and peaches- Where peach orchards are found, the trees grow to a maximum height of twelve feet and present a serious obstacle to parachute landing. The population density in rural areas is estimated at twenty-five persons >er square mile. The principal towns in the area and their populations

ABERDEEN CARTHAGE HOFMAN PINEBLUFF PINEHURST ROCKINGHAM SOUTHERN PINES VASS 'TEST END LSDBETTER

1,5001,000500 250

1,600 - ^ 3.000 2,500600

500

6qo

The natives within the area are friendly and will welcome invasion by BLUE FORCES. Considerable help .as guides may be expected of the natives " US HIGHWAY 1 and the SEABOARD AIRLINE RAILROAD traverse the area * a NE - SW line, RAIEIGH-SANFQRD-ABERDEEN-RQCKINGHAM and are roughly parallel tc other. NORTH CAROLINA STATE HIGHWAY #211 and ABERD5SN and ROCKFISH RAILROAD cross the area on a NW - SE line, CANDOR -ABSRDEEN-RAEFOKD^auS al30 run roughly parallel to each other. $h-& ^ ^ ^ | / 4 Y - ^ ^ ^ $ r & e E S the area on the west from BISCOE to ROCKINGHAM. NORTH CAROLINA STATS HJGH/TAY #27 crosses the northern sector of the area in an E-1T direction 25 miles north of ABERDEEN. The portion of the area lying between this highway and ABERDEEN is especially heavily wooded and difficult of passage. The area in general is grided by a few secondary sand

Annex #1 to F*Q#1

roads five to ten ntileUtifrart with small additional wood northern sector the red clay roads will be passable with ized forces in wet weather, while th e sand roads of the sectors are considered passable for mechanized forces in ^reacherous because of soft shoulders and ditches. 2. ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF INFORMATION.

and farm roads. In the difficulty for mechan middle and southern all weather but are

a. Determine strength, composition, disposition, tactics, identifica tion enemy air units that can hinder movement at departure airdromes and enroute. Special attention will be given to capabilities of enemy night fighter units. b. Report location, size, character, activity enemy defensive works vicinity Camp Mackall and Hoffman. c. Report location, caliber, intensity of fire, of all antiaircraft installations encountered along proposed flight path. . d. Report movement reserves from Raleigh to S and SW

e. Report any movement Armored Force now located 100 miles NW RALEIGH. " 3. WEATHER CONDITIONS.

a. Long range forecasts (including sunlight and moonlight charts) weekly by this headquarters beginning 11 September Z j . j; b. Daily forecasts by 6oth TC Wing - to this headquarters by 1200 daily. 4* MEASURES TO OBTAIN INFORMATION.' a. Aerial reconnaissance and photography, pilot and air crew inter rogation, Prisoner of War interrogation, friendly agents. 54 MEASURES FOR HANDLING PRISONERS OF WAR, CAPTURED DOCUMENTS, AND THE SUPPLY OF MAPS, a. prisoners of War of field grade and higher and staff officers only and captured'documents will be evacuated to rear echelon.by air until relieved. bi Maps, distribution: Request by property issue slip to G-2, this headquarters 6. COUNTER INTELLIGENCE.

a. Active measures will be taken to deny natives access to troop con centration areas at departure bases. 7. INTELLIGENCE REPORTS AND DISTRIBUTION.

a. Periodic reports will be rendered as of 0001 each day by Head quarters 6oth TC Wing and 13th AB Div to this headquarters by 0600 until D plus 2, b. Effective with report due at 0600 D plus 2, 13th AB Div 7/ill render l reports to Hq XXII Corps. (Published with concurrence of XXII Corps). P q 60th TC Wing will continue to submit reports to this headquarters.

OFFICIAL:

Uis^M00RE A-2

Sti

'^UDEMAN AB-2

2 Incls:

F

* P

incl 1 - Map 1/500,000 CHaRL0TT*f*3HEET (I944 edition) incl #2 - Situation Overlay

"oolfifr oo\0501400

^384

m

V-.' . . >

C

QH,

HHHHHH

AIRBORNE-TROOP CARRI3R M Camp Mackall, N^rth Carolina fl TO FI3LD CRDSR #1 WEATHER FORECAST 13 September

1. A long range vreather forecast for the period 12-20 September foliov.;,: Tuesday, 12 September LOT; ceilings v;ith good visibility. Moderate temperatures. Not much chance of rain* Wednesday, 13 5eptember Continued lo'"r ceilings rdth reduced visibility until rpid^morning r-rith ceiling lifting to lfOO' to 3OOO1 in the afternoon, possible light interrnittant dri2^zle for early portion of pe riod and light intermittent showers for latter fcpart of period. Thursday, ll\. September Clear to partly cloudy v:ith -good "visibility*." Lo*." ceiling-and increac si winds occuring to?/ards end of period. Friday, If) September Continued lov/ ceilings and high Finds with continous moderate to heavy rain causing lov: visibility during last half of period. Saturday, 16 September Continued lo^ ceilings but improved visibility becoming cls&r 'oy latter half of period. Sunday, 17 September , / Clear with good visibility throughout entire period, somewhat cooler. Monday, 13 September Partly cloudy but good ceiling and visibility. Moderate temperature Tuesday, 19 September Continued partly, cloudy rith 'good visibility. Sorje'rr.'-.t varrner in latter half of Deriod.

. ! .11

Wednesday, 20 September

111!1

.^^\l

^ LiM

A

Cloudy with good"visibility, 2. Sunlight and Moonlight table:

probable rain toward end of period.

35 N. LATITUDE - 79 T7. LONGITUDE BETEMEER BEGINNING SUNRISE SUN32T 1944 CIVIL TWILIGHT 12

EASTERN ~i ENDING CIVIL TWILIGHT 1954 1952 1951 1949 1948 1947 1945 1944 1942 1941 1939 1938 1937 1934 1933 1931 1930 1928

TIME

13 14 15 16 17 18 1920 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

O63I 0632 Oo^ 0633 O635 O636 O636 O637 0638 0639 O639 0640 O64I 0641 0643 0644 0645

O656 0657 0658 O658 O659 0700 0701 0701 0702 0703 0704 0704 0705 0706 0706 0707 0708 0709 0710

1928 1926 1925 1923 1922 1921 1919 1918 1916 1915 1913 1912 1911 1909 1908 1906 1905 1903 1902

0222 0316 0411 0507 06 02 0.657 0751 O846 0941 1037 1134 1232 1331 1423 1524 1616 17Q5 1749 183 0

1735 1813 1847 1918 2016 2115 2302 2358 Does not 3 0041 0140 0245 0506

DALB3Y OFFICIAL: LUDMM s AB-2

A-2

DISTPJEUTION: A, C, D, E, F, G- 2

r

AIHB0RNE-TB001 GiJiBlSR MAl^SUVEB ^ Camp Mackall, North C a r o l i n a SUPPL2LI3NT #2 TC ^NtTSX #1 TO J'I3LD ORDER #1 14 September FLAK OVERLAY sources indicate RED antiaircraft inntf

Intelligence reports from all

lations as shown on attached overlay.

DALBSY OFFICIAL:

\ f r s-' f

MOORE A-2 1 incl: Overlay

LUDSLIAN AE-2

DISTRIBUTION: A, C, D, E, F, G

.

. o

I

TROOP CiJffiI-R I&1TEOTTER HE4 Gamp Ifeokall, North Carolina

SUPH3IOTT # 3) TO AI^IEX NO. 1) TO F.O. #1 ) DEFENSIVE INSTAXIATIONS

15 September 1944

Further i n t o l l i g e n c e r e p o r t s from a l l sources i n d i c a t e RED defensive i n s t a l l a t i o n s as shown on attached o v e r l a y s .

TERRELL

OFFICIAL: IXOR A-2 .' ', AB-2

2 Inclosures: I n c l No. 1- Overlay, Camp H i c k a l l Airport I n o l No. Z- Aberdeen

DISTRIBUTION:

and

if

m

,\ cia?

AIRBORNE-TROOP CARRIER MANEUVER HEADQUARTERS Camp Mackall, North Carolina

SUFFICIENT #5 TO AIMX / I / WEATHER FORECASTTO 3JZII) ORDER # 1

19 September 1944

19-27 September f olio: : 1. A long range Tuesday, 19 September Low ceilings with fair visibility changing to good ceilings and visi bility in last.half of period. No rain expected. Wednesday, 20 September Good ceiling and visibility with poor ceiling and visibility after 400. Visibility improving by 0800 and ceilings improving by 1000. No rain expected. Thursday, 21 September Clear until O j 0 with low visibility thereafter until 0800 Ceiling;;. i.0 continued good* scattered clouds beginning 1200 with intermittent showers probable after 1500 - clearing by 19C0, Friday, 22 September Good ceilings and fair visibility wth visibility improving to un restricted after 0800* scattered clouds beginning 1100 with scattered showers probable after 1500, clearing by 1900. Saturday, 23 September Low ceilings and fair visibilities with ceiling clearing after 100". partly cloudy during remainder of period v.lth scattered sho-:ers probable durir^ ^afternoon. Clearing by end of period. Sunday, 24 September Clearing during entire period except for fair visibility between 0400 and 0800. T.londay, 25 September Continued clear with scattered to broken clouds at 10,000 feet in afternoon and rest of period. No ra.in expected.

iptTuesday, 26 September

l

*4 Good visibili

Scattered to broken high clouds during entire period. ties. No rain expected Wednesday, 27 September

Ceiling lovrerin^by 0300 with fair visibility ^clearing after 1000, Scattered clouds and widely scattered showers in afternoon dissipating by 19-C 2. Sunlight and Moonlight- table: 3S N. LATITUDE - 790 77. LONGITUDE SEPTEMBER 1944 BEGINNING CIVIL TWILIGHT 0636 0637 0638 0639 0639 0640 0641 0641 0642 0643 0644 SUNRISE SUNSET EASTERN WAR TIME

ENDING M00NRISE M00NSET FliASS CIVIL OF TWILIGHT MOCN

19 20 21 22 23 24 25 2627 23 29 30

0645

0701 0702 0703 0704 0704 0705 0706 0706 0707 0708 0709 0710

1918 1916. 1915 1913 1912 1911 1909 1908 1906 1905 1903 1902

19441942 1941 1939 1938 1937

0846 0941 10^7

11341232

19341933 1931 1930 1923 1927

1331 1428 15241616 1705 1749 I830

2045 2115 2147 2232 2302 2358 Does not set 0041 0140 0245

ID ls>b

0 0 '

0355 0506

DAI3EY OFFICIAL:

M00RE A-2

vUDEMAN AB-2

DISTRIBUTION: A, B , C. D, E , F , G

2

/

6

.

;

3:

3

i trc

AIRBORNE-TROOP CARRIER MANEUVER HEADQUARTERS Camp F a c k a l l , N o r t h C a r o l i n a

>SUPPLEI-.:ENT #7TO ANNEX #1 TO FIELD ORDER #1

20 September 1944 INTELLIGENCE REPORTS

1. No additional information RED defensive installations vicinity KACEALL AIRPORT. 2. March Group (CT) last reported bivouac vicinity APEX, re ported moving S on US HIGHWAY #1 two miles N SANFCRD 0600. 3. Passwords and countersigns for the period.of the maneuver will be published In Signal Operating'Instructions on D-3# 4. f 5, 6. ation. Situation 11th Infantry Division front remains static, No nev/ identifications. No increase over normal traffic in area of proposed oper

D A L B S Y

OFFICIAL:

* L

U

A-:DISTRIBUTION;

A'B-2

A, C, D, E, F, G

1153

1340

50 AAi

5 AA'\

14OhA

4 0 AA

50

.. ....(

n

5epto. 'guarded 'in transmission and authenticated. (b) Airborne, unit nets will maintain radio silence .of "existing installations, (c) Existing radio stations to maintain a certain . traffic control load for Troop Carrier units. augmented by dummy traffic as a balance so that enemy intercept -will be unaware of accel eration in operations approaching D-Day, (a)

(2)

Bnroute: (a) Existing radio stations in departure areas continue normal traffic load. Radio silence enforced on all other radios of forces involved in the operation until initial landings on,D-Day. Radio silence%iay be broken in event of disaster and requirement to divert airborne serials. Pathfinder communication facilities may break radio silence in accordance M i t h prearranged plans. _ ^ - . .

(b)

-

'

-

Dy E, F , G.

CO&:ERCIAL WBIE FACILITIES FOR AB-TC HANEUVBR

da 0 !i1 to Accompany F 0 1 # liaps; Same as F 0 if1 a. Rationss (1) Supply X3oints (a) (b)

Hq, Camp I'ackall, N.C. 9 September 1944 - 1500

xiochange until concentration at departure bases Army Supply Point tfl- 3ragg - For all units lo cated at Pop ;r Bragg until departure - opens day of arrival in area. For rear echelon until, release. (See Annex if1) Army Supply Point # 2 - 1/iaxtGn - For all units located at Ifexton and Lumberton until departure. Opens day of . jrival in area. For rear echelon . until release. (See Annex -j 2) -airheads for aerial rasupply subsequent to land ing - Camp Kackall Airport & i)Zs as requested by 13th Airborne Division on and after D plus 1.

(c)

(2) Schedule of distributions Ration cycle; Time of issue; Breakfast, Dinner, Supper Army Supply Points 13th* A3 Div - 0800 - 1700 Other Units - 0800 1700 All1 head - .^s requested by 13th A3 i^iv

(3) Plan of Supplys (a) (b) (c) Field rations Field rations rasupply,

i f

A'' at Army Supply Points 1, 2. Oj'[ and /'K1', at airheads by aerial

l{

T ^ o (2) field rations HC^-PH-Jil ^ a one (1) v/ field rat ion O;I per individual will be carried by 13th /.i-'oorne lav ision and attachments upon landing. To be dravjn from present supply points. Aerial resupply will be accomplished by 60th TC T."ing on and after Z,plus 1. Schedule to be announced later. Ration strength for units drawing on :.rmy Supply Points 1 3 2, will be submitted to this Headquarters .icily at 08005 beg inning four (4) days prior to day of arrival in vicinity of each departure base, indicating strength at each .,\rmy Supply Point.

(d)

(e)

b.

Ammunitions (1) Supply points; (a) i7o

Adm 0 # 1 cont'd. (b)

tf&r cferial r a supply subsequent to Sig - Cr'^ Hackall Airport and~DZs as requested by 13th AB Div, on and a f t e r D plus X.

(2) Credits for 13th A3_Biv and attached units for

period D plus 1 to D plus 4 9 five (5) units of fire (all classes) on call from this headquarters. Units to submit "-"3quests for minimum two (2) units of fire, small arms 5 and four (4) units of fire artillery3 during operations. (3) 13th AB Div and attachments will land with suffi cient ammunition to meet all requirements until re supply by thi.1" Headquarters begins on D plus 1. Aerial resupply '"ill be accompli shad by 60th TC Wing on a.nd aft . D plus 1. schedule to be announced later.

(4)

c

Gasoline and Oil; (1) Supply Points; (a) (b) Fc change until concentration at departure bases. Motor veli-v-.-es; Army Supply Point # 3 - Bragg - For all units located at Bragg until departure - For rear echelon unroll release. Opens day of arrival in area. ( se Annex 7 1) ' Army Supply Point # 4 - Maxtdn - For all units located at Maxton and Lumberton until depar ture - For rear echelon until release. Opens day of arrival in area. (See Annex :n: 2) Airheads for aerial resupply subsequent to landing - C:,mp Itickall Airport and Ds as requested by 13th AB Div on and after D plus 1. Aircraft s Army Supply Point # 5 - Bragg - For all air craft located thereat - Opens day of arrival at base. Army Supply Point # 6 - Maxton - For all air craft located at Iaxton and Lumber ton - Opens day of arrival c-X base-. (2) Full tank plus an additional five (5) gals of gas oline will be ccrried by each motor vehicle upon landing. Aerial resupply will be accomplished by 60th TC Wing on and after D plus 1. Estimated requirements for gasoline and oil for period day of arriva.1 at departure base to D plus 4 for each Army Supply Point and Airhead to be submitted to this Headquarters by 18 September 1944. 2

(c)

(3) (4)

L *

,am 0'}1 oont'd.

** s, II; - No change*

(1) (2) (5)

No change for1J*F & Service Units, No change until D plus 1 for other ground units Airhead for aerial re supply - Camp Eaclcall Air-': port and DZs s.3 requested by 15th ^B Div on and after D plus 1* . ;

(4) serial resupply will be accomplished by 60th TC !7ing on and after D plus .1,

(1) (S)

V/ater obtained locally, All-water in landing area is non-potable until treated. Halazone tablets will be obtained thru normal supply channels.

g.

13 th A 3 Div will submit requirements for aerial re sup ply, for Div and attachments, indicating quantity and: place and time of delivery of all classes for period ; D plus 1 to D plus : by 18 September 1944.

2.

EVACUATION; a. b. No change until 1200 D - 1. 60th TG Wing will provide emergency medical service for units of 13th AB Div at departure base from 1200 D - 1 to takeoff.

c.

Casualties:(1) Ifedical clearing station v/ill be established by 13th .'3 Div at Camp Backall Airport immediately after airhead is secure for evacuation of casual ties by air. Medical service for all activity at the airhead will be furnished X)y the 13th AB Div, until ar rival of 130th Evacuation Hospital. 60th TC V/ing v/ill evacuate casualties from airport to I&xton *iA3, By units.

(2)

(3) ^ e.

Burials:

Salvage and captured materials v/ill be evacuated b 3 r 13th -J3 Div to Camp Bickall Airport, All returning aircraft otherwise empty will be utilized for evacua tion of salvage and captured materials to I&ccton. P. W. enclosure will be established by 13th A 3 Div at Camp Itickall airport and evacuated ~by 60th TCT.7ing in returning aircraft to Pope.

f.

g. Priority of air e ^ . ^ ^ i j ^ ^ fftFWJdfnSfc. casualties

(2) P.V/.# ( l i A M ? d p i i |

$ l

I

it

0 y 1 cont'd. 3. TRAFFIC:

a

*

Circulation: (1) I.SR: liaxton - "timberton its $ 74 (See .Jinex } 3) Between /ouac area and supply points to be select-id by 13th ^3 Div and reported to this Headquarters.

(2) (3)

Routes for m o v "mt to departure airfields. (See *j3jaex ;- 3) J Provost Jkrshall, this Hq, will mark all.routes and supply installation as necessary in rear _ . areas ^s directed oj 13th ^B Div in landing area. Traffic priorities: (2) Supplies, (1) Troop movements

(4) (5) b.

Restrictions: (1) Blackout light after 2100 D - 1.

c. d.

Control Stations (See Annex ,)- 3 ) . Construction and loaintenance of roads. (l) Rear area - no change.

(c2) landing area - ?y 13th ;*3 Div until relieved. e. Units will '.control . jiffic at 'supply points and ' . departure bases. 4. SERVICE TROOPS ;JTD a. Bivouacs: (See ^jonexes 1, 2 and 2A)

b. 441st .ji Corps Resupply Squadron will concentrate, '.r package and load supplies for aerial delivery by 60th TC Wing. 5. PERSONNEL

a. Straggler line and collection points as directed by 13th airborne Div. b. I.nil; loth ^3 Div -'delivery by air as requested. Other units - no change.

c. Available bivouac areas in vicinity of departure airfields. (See xjinexes 1 & )Y d. Strength Report - Submitted this Headquarters daily 1200 - effective D -; 1.

*- v tit^

Adm 0 !,- 1 cont'd. e. Repla cements: \\ 7 \ (") .. (2) (3) Airborne ttnitc - none until veDijrad. Troop Carrier Units - as needed through ^ir Force Channels. Other units - no change.

f. Rear echelon personnel v/ill not accompany combat elements and will r-omain in departure area until released. g. Casurifj.es evacuated lay air during the airborne phase v/ill be attached to the rear echelon pending future disposition by th i . Zc a d quart ers . ~

a. Headquarters of all rear echelons will be reported to this Headquarters by 1200 D - 1. b. G-4 periodic rc^ci-j to be submitted to this Head quarters as of 0001 by 0600 daily, beginning D - 2. abbreviated report indicating status of supply, evacuation, and flyable aircraft v/ill be sent by radio or teletype to be followed by complete written report. c. G-5 periodic report to be submitted to 2III Corps Headquarters (Maneuver) as of 0001 by 0600 daily, beginning D - If d. Fraternization with civilians, unlawful seizure of property and abuse of individuals in occupied territory, is for bidden. Unit commanders will instruct all men in proper behavior, field sanitationj and that proper distinction be made between * measure of military necessity and deliberate misconduct.

IXX3EY OFFICIAL ROCKEFELLER dASSA'/AT / !IBDEIIx^'v

IFCL03UR3S: Incl No. Incl No. Incl No. Incl No.

1 2 3 4

-

Annex , 1 (To T?G issued later) " Annex '} 2 (To : o issued later) . Annex',} 21* (To be issued later) Annex $ 3 (To be issued later)

ANNEX NO. 2 TO ACCOMPANY A 0 NO.

1.

SPECIAL MAP OF LAT'RINBURG-MAXTON AAB WHICH INDICATES 1 BIVOUAC AREA " " . 2. WATER DP. 3. CLASS I DP # 2 . 4. CLASS I I I DP # 6 .

LAURINBURG.NO. 14 t".s ',/,

,. i

WO. 3 TO ACCOMPANY A 0 >:Oc

POFE FIELD

MACKALL

MA? 3t r a t e g i c Map., 4 / 5CO, COQ, Char l o 1 1 e Shee-1 2! T R A F F I C a. ' MOVEMENTS BlacVout lights niter /.iuu '(irA- Mackall-Pore Field. (2) B Mackall-r.axt on Air be? 9, (3) C - Moc\-Gll-Lumberton Airoas9.

t r l U h l i l fjb

[1; TrooT) movements. (2) Supplies, i. MISCELLANEOUS, , . a . T r a f f i c Her ~ I ^ a c k a l l . c . M a x t o n and Lumber t o n A i r b a s e s shovm in c o r r e c t e d

Dositior.s.

"125O 1 2CC

AIRBORUE-TRCO

;J;,PPLS J -3I:T >;O I ) TO ADV. 0 ;:!'O 1 ) TO ? 0 I-:C 1 )

(a) Tho ISC'th "-/a'-v.-.a-L-lov- ; '> :vi-dA..:ir. , w i l l o s t a b l i a j i iltn i:.-^fa; l a L I O I ; >' '..to. : * i t v/. : .ll ' J.ell.\'\ ;: o a t l c n t s ;v AIr : :ovr..o P i . v i s i o n ; E ^ c u ' v J . c , t o thu S"'t'i u^"1 \!Lirm

.tr.l ,

v :;;

AIRBOHI-IE-TROOF CAEHIE2 K^SlWM^M^^^^^ Camp'l.ackall, North Carolina

|^ '

M

7 September 19hh-< Ttorrs*

General Conditions - First Phase,

a. Departure Eases: At least t . o (2) departure bases v;ill be vused. Three (3) departure bases are available. b. Route: The objective area vn.ll be reached by a circuitous route of at least one hundred (100) miles. c. Night Operations: Landings and assembly of'units will.be made at night to the maximum extent practicable. d. Reinforcement, Supply, and Evacuation: by air only. 5. Troops. a. '" For the first phase,

13th Airborne Division.

_

it ^0

j^ jt

b.

60th Troop Carrier Wing, consisting of: (1)' 60th Troop Carrier Headquarters. (2) 60th Wing provisional Signal Company. (3) 3ii9th Troop Carrier Group (Reinforced). (h) ,1st Provisional Troop Carrier Group (Reinforced).

(5)" UUlst Air Corps Resupply Squadron. c. 130th Evacua'tion Hospital (attached to 13th Airborne Division, 1st -Phase only.). d. . 3978th Quartermaster Truck Company. e. iilO5th Quartermaster Truck Company. f. g. l|.107th Quartermaster Truck Company. l5lst Airborne Tank Company.

h. 5U2d Parachute Infantry Battalion. i. l+61;th Parachute Field Artillery Battalion. j 555th Parachute Infantry Company. k. 1. 89th Division Reconnaissance Troop , 8iilst A A k/Vi B a t t a l i o n . A

m. 85th Signal Operations Battalion (Reinforced). n. Provisional Military Police Company. o.' 5llth Medical Collecting Company, p. 5l2th Uedical Collecting Company.

q. Headquarters Company, Airborne Center. r. I6lst Airborne Engineer Battalion. 6. Supply, a. Resupply of the 13th Airborne Division by agencies of the ' * XXII Corps during the period of D to D plus 5 l^lst Air Corps Ptesupply Squadron is available to the XXII Corps for use in connection vrith aerial resupply of maneuver units.

b. 'Supply of the-RED forces units vd.ll be as directed by this headquarters. C' Class V resupply will be accomplished vrith live ansaunition. Containers will not be opened, 13th Airborne Division will be responsible for collection ancl return of live ammunition at. the termination of the maneuver*. ' d. Fost installations will not be used unless-designated by this headquarters as Supply Points during the period 2k Septeniber-6 Octo ber 19kh inclusive* 7. Evacuation, a* Troop Carrier Conmand v i l evacuate assessed casulaties for r.l the first phase, b.Headquarters.

Actual casualties will be evacuated by direction of Maneuver

.

8, Higher Headquarters* The . j-ineuver Directors, acting as a higher orinl headquarters (RED and BLUE}, vd.ll give the necessary c n . a : decisions* 9*10.

Umpiring. Umpiring in accordance with HI I!o. lO-5>Haps. .

a. b.

Strategic M-ap l/5'00,000, Charlotte Sheet. Photographic Aerial Llosaic, l/62,5>O05 llaneuver Area (k s h e e t s ) .

' C .Photographic Aerial Mosaic, 1/20,000, Maneuver Area (30 sheets) d. Photographic Aerial T.'.osaic, l/l~>,000, llaneuver /irea (8 s h e e t s ) ;

1 1 . S i t u a t i o n . I n i t i a l maneuver t a c t i c a l s i t u a t i o n (RED and DLUS) _ , vri.ll be prepared and issued by the Maneuver Hearlq_uarters. ' 12. Secrecy. Documents v/hich sh^'ld be c l a s s i f i e d v^ill be marled "IIAl'EUVER SECRET", "IIAIIEUVER C01IFI ...TIAL11, or "L^EUVER RESTRICTED". These documents w i l l remain c l a s s i f i e d u n t i l the termination of the iiianeuver only. Cor^ianders (RED or BLUE) vri.ll take measures to prevent the disclosure of maneuver information (RED or BLUE) to the opposing forces. 13* Observers. V i s i t o r s 1 Bureau w i l l be estab3.ished i n Building T-1820 opposite 'the Airborne Center School. This bureauvd.il furnish housing and acAninistration for observers and ' lkf Allovrable Aircraft.-Loads CT..L1 i i e i e t A . W k i a. The following a i r ca basis

for planning air

C-hl AC

(1) Double tow wither:"' racks (2) Single tow with pararacks (3) Single tow without racks (h) Parachute formation with pararacks (5) parachute formation without racks (6) Air landings with pararacks (7) Air landing without pararacks

3,000 3,000

3 ,7^0 3 ,7503 ,750

5,ooo 5,ooo 5,ooo

5,000 (plus whatever load put in rack%)

5,000

U

b. Glider Co-Filots. All gliders will fly in the maneuver with out co-pilots5 leaving the co-pilot's seat available for use by glider transported units of the division. ' c. Ropes for lashing. Each aircraft will be equipped by 60th Troop Carrier Vang with proper ropes per lashing load. Requirements to be made known-to ACLO with 13th Airborne Division. Headquarters Airborne Center will provide ropes for lashing glider loads.. d. Glider Noses and Tails. Using units of the 13th Airborne Division vrf.ll lower-noses and tails of gliders upon exit therefrom after landing on tactical fields during tile maneuver. 15 Conduct of Ground Phases of Maneuver. To be announced by.sepa rate memorandum. 16. Maneuver Staff. To be announced by separate memorandum* ^ Critique. At the conclusion of the maneuver, a critique will be held. Time and' place of critique will be announced. By command of Major General TERRELL:

OFFIC:[AL: S\ T/ .*! J / DIETENIIOFETI Ma ;}#, A. G. D. i t General

Ilajor/ A. G. 1). Adjutant General

DISTRIBUTIONi

iff

ii

and "E'1

5

fARLOTTE

7

.

.

* !

~

-

Camp Hacks"". ..orth Carolina 7 September -2)

1. Maneuver Connanc and Staff v;ill function as a Corps -Headquarters. The Cov^aiioin^ Officer,, Airborne G v tor, s?si~ted "^y the Cori^.ir/'inr; General, 1 Troop Carrier Com:7ian-!? .'ill direct A'':i.e nir v'.iasa :f the i-anusuver. The ConrnandinQ; General, XXII Corps, vjil! direct the ^rovnd control of the maneuver, successively c.c airborne units 7 a:.i-:\ 2, The staff to direct hho :wc?uve:r%is announced as follorrs: Troop Carriera. Asst, Directors: b* c. d. G-l: G-2: G-3: Asst G-3: Col Uichols Col Bond Lt Col Koore Haj Thomo liaj rronch Capt !.;ilan Ilaj Ilcdema Col Quinto Lt Col Caldvrell Haj Luc'eraan Lt Col YJalsh Ilaj Rachal i.;aj 'Vallace Capt Rov: Lt Col Rockefeller G-1 JUJ.1 Corps Ilaj '.hcGinnis Capt Achtenberg Ila^ Chaille llaj HcGinnis

Airborne

Ground

e.

Qtrh'

l.Iaj Gassaway

g. h. i.

Sig: FA: Surg:

ilaj Ilelch r J'aJ J'videra

Lt Col Prandt Lt Col Kunevcutt Ilaj Brucer Ilaj 3/ucenan Lt Col Christiansen - ^ rr

Kaj Duijuid

To be announced Ilaj ITilson.

' j . AA: !c Engr.;

Air Engr 0: Maj..Sharp.... .~. - 1

Troop Carrier 1 . QLi: llaj Harris

Airborne

. Ground M a j Gassaway Ifa Veretto

L t C o l Rockefeller ,_^ Capt Martin

in* Prov Marshal: n. b. p. q r H q Comdt: PRO:

Maj Wilbur

To be announced Lt Col Christiansen To be announced To be announced To be announced . ..

Obs.Bureau: Llaj Stevens Air Support Officer: Motor Tranpp Officer:

By command of Eajor GeneraJ. Ti;;ERbLL:

OFFICIAL:

t . ' / DIETS! JHOFSR UaflSEr, A. G. D. Adjutant General

H,/J. DI3TENH0FER Major, A, G. D, Adjutant General DISTRIBUTION: "D" and "E

2

: ..: I *

AIRBORNE-TROOP CARRIER MANEUVER H2ADQXJ;.RT2K3 Camp Mackall, North Carolina 11 September 1944 MANEUVER MEMORANDUM) NUMBER 3) 1, Available Assigned .Aircraft: C-47fs 4-Engine Transports (B-17's) CG-4A Gliders CG-1.3A Gliders

10 2-70 . 4 2.

Additional Aircraft Available if Obtainable: 38 CG-4A Gliders

3 Twenty (20) gliders are available to the 13th Airborne Division to provide transportation and/or prime mov.rs for the parachute units. These gliders to land in the tactical glider landing area not later than K-9 hours. 4 It will be the responsibility of the 13th Airborne Division to secure glider landing areas. 5 The resupply f an actual or theoretically isolated battalion some time after the Division has closed will be accomplished by parachute and/or free drop. 6. plans will be provided for the evacuati on of glider pilots at any time deemed desirable by higher headquarters. The 13th Airborne Division will issue the necessary orders and instructors for the use of glider pilots from the time they land snd automatically ^o-./i under the command of the ground com mander until evacuation can be accomplished. 7 The Ten (10) B-17!s and all aircraft not in glider serials will be available for air landing missions as sc^n as the TTing has been notified that Mackall /.irpcrt has been captured and is available for air landings. 8. The 60th Troop Carrier T17ing snd 13th Airborne Division may assume Mackall Airport has been made suitable for r.ir landing missions within one (1) hrur after capture. 9 It is desired the division be closed in 24 hours.

10. Three (3) departure air fields are available - - pope, Maxton, and Lumberton. 11. The Commanding Officer, 60th Troop Carrier r:ing will be responsible for the evacuation of all gliders from the Glider Landing Areas and the return of same to their proper stations. _ ,_. t, , .

f - a. provislons^if]: be' made to evacuate gliders from fields ether than : "Dfl %i?eld by agjsiajr pick-up as son as the tactical situation will permit. b. No administrative personnel will be Ground stations will be transported by air. involved in these pick-ups.

c. The administrative evacuation of gliders will begin at 1200 on D plus 1 Day. N administrative evacuation personnel or equipment* will entex the tactical area prier t ? 1200 on D plus 1 Day except those crews necessary to re < trieve glider tew r^pes. d. Camp Mackall Airfield will be open to flyaway glider operations at 0800 D plus 2 Days, e. Tw rope retrieving crews will not enter tactical area prior .to 6 hours after glider landing, f. in the event that high winds are forecast sufficiemt administrative crews will be dispatched to secure gliders in glider landing areas. By command of Major General TERRELL: H. J. DISTSNHOFSR, Major, LG.D., Adjutant General. OFFICIAL:

A/

K./7. DIETENIiOFSR, /

Ma.j^r, i-iGD

(

-:n

Adjutant General. DISTRIBUTION: A" , " C , D, "E"

- 2

AIRBORNE TROOP CARRIER MANEUVER HEADQUARTERS Camp Mackall, North Carolina 13 September MANEUVER MEMORANDUM) NUMBER 4) CONDUCT OF GROUND OPERATION 1. a. The maneuver area is bounded by the following: (1) A line Biscoe - Carthage - Cameron on the north. (2) U.S Highway #1, and that part of the Mackall reservation south of Highway #1 on the east and south. (3) U.S Highway #220, rom Rockingham to Biscoe on the west. b. Maps: 1/500,000 - Strategic Map, Charlotte Sheet 1/62,500 1/20,000 - Candor, Vass, Jackson springs, southern pines, Hamlet, Laurinburg sheets - Troy 22, 23, 24, 28, 29, 30, 34. 35^ 3& Sanford 19, 25, 26, 31, 32 Rockinghamjlj., 5 6 Laurinburg - 3r; 2 sheets - 8 sheets

1/15,000 2. Umpires

a. The maneuver will be conducted in accordance with principles set forth in FM 105*-5 b. umpire schools will b conducted prior to the maneuver by units furnishing umpires. c. umpires listed below will be furnished by the following units: NO. 1 13th Airborne Division 1 21 89th Division 1 RANK Major Major Lts Field Officer Captains Lts Majors 1 Field Officer Capts Capt Lts Lts Lts Lt Lt Lts DUTY Asst to Chief umpire Bn umpire Company Umpires. Chief umpire Bn umpires Asst Bn umpires Bn Umpires Arty Supervisor Arty Bn Umpires Arty Liaison 0 Arty Fire Markers Tank platoon Umpires prcht platoon umpires Asst Blue Bn Umpire FW Officer Director Hq, Asst G-l~2-3-4

4 3

6th special Troops 464th parachute FA Bn

3

1

6 4 271 1

4

M*A K E u V * '4 . . . Lts.,^, v Ren Troop Umpires 28 -^ *> NCOs Red Forces EM Red Forces ^, V8D > 39 NCOs Blue Forces 67 EM Blue Forces All 6 NCOs Red Forces Demolition Handlers

l6lst Airborne Engr Bn

d. All field officers listed above will report to Maneuver Hqs 1300 18 September 1944. e. All officers (except those listed for duty with red forces) will be assembled for orientation by the chief Umpire 20 September 1944 time and place to be announced. f. All officers listed above will be assembled 22 September 1944i time and place to be announced. g. All non-commissioned officers and enlisted men listed under duty with Red Forces will report as directed by commanding Officer, l6lst AB Sngr Bn. h. All non-commissioned officers and enlisted men listed under duty with Blue Forces will be assembled for instruction under the direction of the Chief Umpire, time and place to be announced. i. uniform: helmets. j. umpires will be prepared to remain in the field for the period of the maneuver (24 September - 7 October, 1944) k. umpires will be issued rations or messed, according to the situation, with units to which they are assigned, provisions will be made for quarters and mess for officers, not assigned to units .stationed at Camp Mackall, prior to the start of the maneuver. 1. Tv'O (2) C or K rations will be issued to each umpire prior to 24 September 19^-4 by this headquarters. m. umpires will join their units as they land. Landing opera tions will not begin prior to .2030, c.\. September 1944* n. Transportation for umpires to the assigned landing areas will be furnished by this headquarters uncljr the control of the Chief umpire. o. Medical tags will be issued to unit umpires with instructions for their use. 3. Troop Representation (Red) a. Red forces aro assumed to be German. b. c. Armored, Reconnaisance ard antiaircraft troops will be actual. infantry units will be represented by skeleton units as follows: 1 1 1 1 1 1 Yellow flag - 1 anti-tank gun and squad. Red or Blue flag and 6 men - 1 platoon. Red or Blue flag and 2 men - 1 squad. 81 mortar tube and 2 men - 1 mortar platoon. Light machine gun (marked "Heavy" )-l Heavy machine gun platoon, Light machine gun - 1 weapons platoon (2 IMGs, 3-6Omm mortars), Coveralls without arms, white helmet bands, steel

\A aJ& .%>&$V'ER

A N d. personnel more thanToo yards from control flags will be actual.

8. Red force will maneuver as a tactical unit, time and space factors, zones and sectors will be approximately thtt of actual units, although represented by skeleton forces as designated in 3 c above. Z . Normal ground supply will be resumed on orders from this headquarters. j. Expenditures of all classes of supplies will be normal unless otherwise ordered by unit umpires. 5 Only organic transportation not already brought in by air will be released to 13th Airborne Division when passed through by friendly ground troops 6. Blank ammunition will be used within limits of supply by both red and blue forces. 7Prisoners of ^ar and Captured Equipment

a* prisoners will not be captured by the Blue forces unless released by Red umpires. b. Prisoners will be picked' up by this headquarters, from both Red and Blue forces, time and place to be designated by Red and Blue Headquarters, and will be returned to appropriate headquarters, as replacements, through normal channels, except as otherwise directed. c. personnel captured from D-l to D+5 who are not to be evacuated by air, will immediately be turned over to umpire control. (See intelligence annex) d. Vehicles and equipment will not be captured by blue forces, except under the direction of unit umpires. e. Telephone cables and open wire lines will be interrupted on Corps order only. Any unit discovering such facilities will notify the nearest communications unit which will tap these circuits to determine value as source of enemy information. use or interruption will then be by Corps order. f. Telephone central offices will be taken over by communication troops only. 8. Casualties.

a. Casualties will be played as designated by unit umpires, each casualty will be tagged with type of injury. Litter, evacuation, and walking wounded cases will be so marked on the tag. b. All "casualties" will be returned to their organizations with the least practicable delay following completion of treatment. Transporta tion under XXII Corps control will be provided at Maxton to shuttle air- evacuated casualties to Division forward CP as directed by this headquarters. c. Casualty administration at Maxton is the responsibility of the 13th AB Division. 9. The list below : off ."limits during this maneuver. . > a. b. *c. *d. Fields under y;i::vation. private and p : u ' o property u... All buildingso 1 Towns, except i ~T movement :

marked OFF LIMITS". through as a unit.

_- not apply to Military /

M 10. The 13th AirfagjjraAHJptJlfllf is responsible for traffic control at departure bases and routes thereto, until the rear echelon is moved to the landing areas, uhen it then"is responsible for traffic control during all movement of the division, or any part, thereafter. 11.. Blackout will be observed by all participating troops, except on U. S Highway #1 and #220. Night movement on hard surfaced roads ""ill be limited to vehicles only. 12. physical contact betreen members of opposing forces r;ill not be permitted. By command of Major General TERRELL:

H. J. DI^T Major, A. G. D., Adjutant General OFFICIAL:

it./ J . D1ETENKOFSR ./I.^jor, A. G. D . , / / A d j u t a n t Genera

/ /

DISTRIBUTION: "A", " B" , " C" , " C" , " S and " G" 89th Division (2 copies) 6th Special Troops (2 copies)

K i. N S T V S R J

MAN AIHBCRHE-TROOP>pp^RRISR IOTEUVER HEADQUARTERS Camp Mac k a i l 3" F o r t h C a r o l i n a RiNEUVER 1M1MOR.^DUM) " NUMBER ) ., 15 S e p t e m b e r .' -: 1944,

ADIOTISTRATIVE MEDICAL SERVICE TO UNITS P,iRTj:CpATIHG IN EJBUVER

! Mission; To jDtf&y.ide .medical service for administrative casualties during the ~AirUo^tie-Troop Carrier Maneuver. 2. Definitions; - ' " . ' . V:. a. Administrative Casualties; actual injuries and ill nesses which demand emergency-evacuation and hospitalization for all classes of personnel. Tactical, observer, press, etc. b. Tactical casualties? all simulated casualties which are tagged by the umpires. In addition, minor cuts, bruises, and . sprains, etc., may be'."handled as tactical casualties, when in the * opinion of the unit medical officer it will not result in undue- suffering. c. The decision that an actual casualty is. to be evacuat ed administratively is to be made by the unit medical or dental officer, if available. If not available, any medical officer may make the decision. , ..*. . d. The simulated casualties tagged ,6y the umpires are* to be divided into two groups. _ " . , . ... (1) -Litter cases, all of which are to be evacuated' by air| tags are to be marked with.-rtEl! (littler, case). . . (2) Ambulatory, all of which are to be treated as walking wounded and may be returned to combat . . after treatment. 3. Estimate of Casualtiessi .. '

-.-,"

, ' - " ,.'

a. Administrative within Blue Force - 60 parachutists, 30 glider men, 10 air-landed forces; -non-tactical personnel - 20$ Red Forces - 165 Air Corps personnel - 5. b. Tactical. Blue Force for evacuation - 250 Blue Force ^'ambulatory -.450- (not to be ." .jeva.cua.ted) .: V ) . , C o '

4.

Medical Installations and Operationst

a

I "

(

' Blue Force. (1) 13th Airborne Division organic medical units are^ t o f unc tion accord ing t o the ir own S. 0. P.9 w ithT- the exception that they have been directed in . the Field Order to establish a clearing station immediately following the securing of the aa&ldea. This clearing station is to be established within one-half mile of the airhead and is to projvi^e medical servid'e for all personnel_until relieved s by the 130th Evacuation Hos

, v - v - - , * s ! i?

(Maneuver Mm e o (2) Upon landing,, the 130th Evacuation Hospital is to establish i t s location within one-half mile, of the airhead, relieve the 13th Air- borne Division of i t s medical responsibility for airhead-personnel. I t is to be set up t.o t r e a t patients evacuated from the Division and i t is to deliver them to the 60th T V/ing C ' ^ o r evacuation by a i r . The loading of pa t i e n t s in the plane is a joint responsibil . -ity of the 130th Evacuation Hospital and the 60th T V/ing. C

....-'v^ ---"...

'

Red Force. Organic medical units of the Red Force > are to function according to their own S.O.P, In the absence of organic medical support, casualties are -to ;^e (evacuated by the nearest me^loal: installation through grouiid-iinpires. ... c. - f . g . Carr ier Command. * E fo p

-

--"Cfct"-TK^arture Field I n s t a l l a t i o n s . - At eaoh-of the departure fields the 60th T Wing surgeon C \ -- -::,;-'-j^tpQ;* i n s t a l l ambulances and adequate medical personnel. The T V/ing medical installations C established at departure fields have been or dered to serve a l l participant troops from ; -^ H-12 to departure. Departure- field evacu ation is to be to the nearest military hos pital. , . r: r. ,. -. ; (T> (2)', Plane.- Each plane .is to. be equipped with five (5) k i t s , f i r s t aid, aeronautic, and is to be vU0. . ready for installation of six (6) l i t t e r s , ' ; : ; Radio operators-and crew chiefs are to be/ qualified in installation of the l i t t e r s , Each ':J.:T". glider i s to contain three (3) k i t s , f i r s t 'A,VT aid, aeronautic. Division personnel isvtoV be --:.- inf or me d of the e qu ipme nt av a i lab le in theI T T,

/

p l a n e s ,

;

- -

' r

.

A crash truck and at l e a s t one unit of f i r e _:.-;. -. fighting equipment i s to be available at each Vf. ;'?,- r ; v departure field and at the airhead. .. -.; ..../* -r (4) Sufficient radio equipment on assigned fr.e :, quencies is to be made available to the Wing .': . surgeon for assignment to roving ambulance? groups on the line of f l i g h t . - , y (5) Air Evacuation Personnel - Provisional flights , . ," : - . Medical Air Evacuation Transport Squadron are '.., to be attached to the 60th V/ing and are. tofunction according to their own S.O.F, A ~,-r:s"ry . liaison officer from the Medical Air Evacu ation Transport Squadron is to be stationed . at the -airhead.- .Radio operators and crew ' " , '.; chiefs are to assist in loading of .casualties at the air head, aided by the clearing statioi personnel of the 13th Airborne Division and 130th Air Evacuation Hospital. Unloading at the evacuation field, or f i e l d s , is to be done **':.' with the assistance of the squadron dispen yrv sary personnel. Tactical casualties are to be released to the rear echelon. d Administrative Evacuation-. . (1) O night of W?JEj n

(3)

M A K EUVER

M A

(Maneuver Memo 5 )

(a) Departure Field - Organic medical units are to serve their own personnel to H-12, at which time they are released from res ponsibility until they are landed by the TCr'-wing, TC squadron dispensaries are to serve all jDersonnel from H-12 to "departure. (b) On route of flight the Wing is5 to furnish roving ambulances and crash trucks adequa tely staffed and equipped. The roving ambulances are to have radio communic3.tion with planes and departure bases. The am bulances are tobe stationed on the pro posed route of flight toward the airhead. Pilots are to be instructed in proper dis tress and emergency-procedure, The Wing instructions topilots,-is; attached as Inclosure #1 The> Diyisipn Surgeon should make identical instructions available to all participating personnel assigned or attached to the Division, (c) Airhead 1 ~ " 1st Provisional TC Group is to have adequate ambulances on the. line at Mackall throughput the air landing phase- of;.the,operation. Evacuation is- to ie- to ther Station Hospital3 :Camp Mackair, - - " L T.-;~TO -. . ' .Fields 1 Glider Field * At 1 least one*(l) medical officer? three (3) enlisted aid men, and one (1) ambulance is to be placed at each glider landing' area one (1) hour prior to' landings. The ambulances are t-be .equipped with litters, blankets and crash splint sets. The medical officers are to be provided with 1/4 ton trucks. Jump Fields - At least one (1) medical officer, three (3) enlisted men, and two (2) ambulances equipped with litters, blankets and Army splint sets are to *be placed on the fields one (1) hour prior to/landing. The medical officers are to be provided . with 1/4 ton trucks, v >

2

(e) Lakes in the landing drop areas are to be patroled. r ,. -i- (f) Hospitalization

X : At departure fields and alo.mg route "" '.- of flight, administrative? casualties are to be evacuated ^o the neares"t hospital. WherjgutMpTlasible, military

hospitala

T^^yfe

M A N E

(Maneuver T e mo 5 i At the landing fields administrative^ .. casualties are, to. be evacuated to the . Station Hospital, Camp Mackail. All available hospitals are to be ad vised of the time of the maneuver and estimated casualties-by:'D5 by the man euver surgeons. Military hospitals-'and-locations. Stat ion Hos'pital, Laur inburg-Maxton '' : Army Air1 Base.4

3^

Stat ion'Hospital, Camp Mac ka11 Stat ion--Hospital, Fort Bragg. Central Control Station. 1 ^ .

A central control station ;is .to beestablished at Maneuver Jlejadquarters to coordinate the activities^of- the ;; . administrative medical installations. & This control station .-to be- in coil- ., tact vjith the following organizations s State Highway police, by phone. Al^ Medical Umpires, by radio, ^ - All'military hospitals 9 by emergency r phone. service. .'* /- All Tactacal Umpires 9" by radio on : -; Chief :Umpire Network." _ . All Departure Bases thru; Camp Mac k a i l . Airplanes ? by Air Corps'radio equip . ^ ment. ;-. The control station is to be staffed by at least one (1) Medical Depart ment officer, and is-to be',.supplied. through t h i s headquarters with de tailed maps of themaneuver a r e a a n ^ ; route of f l i g h t . Before being re-r leased, from duty, a l l adminis.tra.tive. . Medical Department of fie ers. are., to report to the control station to com pile a consolidated report of cas.UaJ- ti ' V " A-y- ties. Phone Numbers, Army Emergency "'(?&'& tfei^kall Maneuver Headqiart^k; tec k a l i B^ckall Hospital (Arab) - 501. ' Maxton. Station;Eosjfi'tai ;(Jimb) Pope :"'old- (Dispensary5H. 27130. Admitii^-.,.a?!^co t Station'Hospital ^ 1 " Moore Goneral Hospital (Civilian)LTJ-:

2_.

4

"'

(2) During the Maneuver following'Landings

fc

" ""^jBKwwf*^^

M A N (Mane uv e r Mo me 5 ), Normal evacuation of administrative casual ties throughout the problem are to be to the Station Hospital, Camp Mackail. The Medical installations on the landing fields (glider and parachute) are to be released after the completion of all landings by maneuver director, (3) (a) Throughout the maneuver, visitors and GHQ, personnel are to receive medical service at the 542nd Parachute Infan try Battalion Medical Detachment, at the dispensary opposite Theater # 4 . , Out-patient service is always avail able at the Station Hospital, Camp Mackail. (b) All field ambulances in the maneuver area are to be under administrative control inasmuch as participating units are to use only the 1/4-ton trucks fitted with litter brackets. 5 Sanitary Inspections.a. Administratives (1) All Troop Carrier-, Airborne, and XXII Corps installations are to be inspected by the Maneuver Sanitary Corps Officer.

b.

Tactical;

(1) Tactical installations by unit medical of f i c e r s . The Maneuver Sanitary Officer is to report on efficiency of field sanita tion by participating units. All water has been declared non-potable.

(2) 6 Resupply

All resupply of medical items arc to be by air thru organization channels. There is to be no normal equipment ex changed between ground and air units. By command of Major Ga^era! T? ? jJL i K v' j 2 i

A* a OFFICIAL;/

'H./tf. DIETENHOFER /

A . G . D . /

Ad/jutant General /

y

DISTRIBUTION: A, ,C, D, E, F, G. - 5

AIRBORNE TROOP CABRIKR MANEUVER HEADQUARTERS Camp Mackail, North Carolina

MDMCBaNDUM)

15 September 19

E17B/1GER

.

6)

AMMUNITION 1. Basic Load,

The initial requirement of the 13th AB Div landed pursuant to paragraph 1, b, (3) of Adm 0 # 1 will consist of: a. Blank small arms ammunition carried by individuals. Blank ammunition of all types as requested by 13th AB Div up to limits made available by XXII Corps m 3 loaded containersr 2. Resupply; a. b. 3.i

balance i

Blank ammunition of all types as requested hj 13 th AB Div up to limits made available by XXII Corps. Live ammunition for balance.

Supply Points. a. Blank ammunition for initial requirement will be drawn by 13th AB Div from post magazine at Br ogg or Mackail as directed by XXII Corps. Sand loaded containers for initial requirement will be drawn by 13th A3 Div from dumps of such ammuni tion now located at Mackall and Maxton,

b.

4.

Return of Containers. a. Until all sand loaded containers have been returned to airhead by 13th AB Div all ammunition drawn at airhead will be by exchange of sand loaded contain ers for containers filled with live b All band loaded containers will be returned to ISt'i A3 D:Lv to existing dump at Mackall on conpletion of maneuver. - 1

v v

Maneuver Memo #6 (Corrt!&) c. All live jranjq^tjion w i l l be returned by 13th A B Div to po%$' hMhzlnes at Mackall or Bragg on com pletion of .^neuver as directed by XXII Corps.

5.

Red Forces.Blank ammunition required will be drawn by usir^ unit,'' from post magazines"at Bragg or Mickall as directed by XXII Corps.

6,

A l l anraunition r e q u e s t s w i l l l i s t code ? typo^ and rounds* By command of Major General TERRELL:

H. J . DISTEEKOSSIL'. Ma j or , A. G. D , A d j u t a n t General.

OFFICIAL: X H. / / DIETSMIOFER, \ / Ma^Qr? A. G. D . .

Adjutant General. /

DISTEISUTICN

and

- 2

M 1 AIRBOR1:2 TROOP CARRIER MANEUVER HEADQUARTERS Camp Hackall, North Carolina

UMTTRS HEADQUARTERS Camp Hackall, i . C. \ 18 September I9V4

IIAN3UV3R MSM NUMBER

7 )

UMPIRE SIGNAL IICTBUCTIONS

The following signal instructions for umpire communications are effective iirjnediately.

By command of Colonel DALBSY:

E. J . Di^TiS-TEOiTL Major, A. G-. D,, Adjutant General OFFICIAL;

/ Major, A. G. D.f Adjutant General

DISTRIBUTION:

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Air - fnjcr Lori Helchcr, A C , I Troop Carrier Ground - ra lor. Jehu II. Diuguid, SIg C , XXII Corps. 4. The Signal Staff functioned on a cooperative basis with Lt. Col. Brandt actin-; as coordinator overall for signal and com munications natters, "responsibilities of the Signal Staff were then divi'-ioa according to Airborne, Air, and Ground functions. How ever, in case of Airborne and Ground officers the responsibili ties v/crc complicated because of divided responsibilities be tween Airborne Center and XXII Corps in relation to the training of the 13th Airborne Division, i.e., Airborne Center having Air borne training responsibilities only, and XXII Corps having Sup ply and Administration responsibilities together with Ground training of the division. The final allocation of these responsi bilities were as fellows; a. Airborne Signal Officer; (1) Communication planning, supervision, and ex ecution of necessary action concerning require ments to accomplish cemmuniction between Task Force Headquarters, AB-TC Headquarters at de parture fields and satellite departure fields, XXII Corps Headquarters, and the 13th Airborne DIvis icn which la:ided In the des 11naticn zone. preparation of Joint Signal Operation Instruc tions for lanouver. Coordination of Airborne, Air, and Ground Sig nal matters,

(2) (3) b

Air Comn-unictlcn Officer : (1) Communications planning, supervision, instal lation, and operation of communication facili ties In connection with requirements for I Troop Carrier Command units involved In the air transport, parachute drop, glider landing, air landing, rosupply, and evacuation for the 13th - 1

Report on Communications fcr AB-TC Faneuvcr for 13th Airborne Division - Airborne phase (ccnt'd) Airborne Division, Installation and operation of teletype equipment and message center at 1,'ancuver Headquarters. c. Ground Signal Officer: (1) (2) (3) (4) Task Force communication plans for XXII Corps in Task Force command nets. XXII Corps Signal plans for ground phase of maneuver including Corps SOI. Umpire communication requirements including supplies. Initial supply and rosupply requirements for 13th Airborne Division in maneuver.

5. After the Task Force Signal Section was formed in order to obtain a meeting of minds, a conference was called which was attended by all interested Signal and Communications personnel, principally the Task Force Signal Staff; 60th TO Wing Communi \.n cations Staff; 13th AB Division Signal Officer; XXII Corps I ' a cuvcr Signal Officer and 1st Tactical Air Command by proxy in that the Task Force Communications Officer fcr Air expressed re commendations for these requirements. The net result of this con ference and subsequent conferences wore that differences were ironed out and a Joint Signal Operation Instructions was evolved. 6. Although requests were made for a full T 0. and E. strength Signal Operation Company and Signal Construction Light 'Company, together Yrith other equipment essential to the operation of a Task Force type communication system., which personnel and equipment according to doctrine are to be furnished bj GIIQ or Theater, there was furnished to the Air Communication Officer only sixty (60) miscellaneous specialists fcr operating purposes and no extra equipment. This meant the burden of making up shortages in personnel and equipment fell on the 60th Troop Car rier 7ing, the 349th and the 1st provisional Troop Carrier Groups, This added burden en the 60th Troop Carrier V/ing and Groups was later doubled by a command decision to base the Groups at POPE and LAOEALL FIELDS and operate out 1.AXT0E and LUT.BERTG::. There fore, signal equipment which had been counted on to move with the Groups to the fields from which they would operate,.had to be divided leaving part at their bases and talcing the balance to the departure fields. Because of this, airplanes were priority flown to Atlanta for signal equipment; also wire had to bo borrowed from 85th Signal Operation Battalion. 7. Fortunately for the condition which existed per the above paragraph, the 85th Signal Operation Battalion with equipment was made available for the umpire communication system and corps in stallations* Due to the excellent spirit of cooperation within Task Force Signal Officers Section, resources and equipment were pooled and critical situations were alleviated. Air Corps radio equipment for 1'anouvor Headquarters stations were installed and operated by personnel from 85th Signal Operation Battalion and in turn some of their equipment was used at AB-TC Headquarters (l.AXTOr) and operated by Air Corps personnel. Task Force Communication System; - a.T

7ire ; (1) In addition to army communications systems, com mercial wire facilities were leased for the Air - P.

Report on Communications for AB^TC I'aneuvcr for 13th.Airborne Division - Airborne phase (ccnt'd) borno phase of the maneuvers. ilities contracted for wore: The initial fac

3 - Pull period telephone trunk lines from AB TC Headquarters at C I . KACKALL to AB-TC A'P Headquarters at LAXTOIT AIR BASE. 2 - Full period teletype trunk linos, MACKALL to r.AXTuI:. 1 - Pull period telephone trunk lino, LACKALL to GOth TC rJing Headquarters, FORT BRAGG. 2 - Pull period telephone trunk lines, AB-TG Headquarters (LAXTOU) to 349th TC Group at POPE FIELD. 2 - Full period teletype trunk lines, KAXTCN to POPS FIELD. 2 - Full period telephone trunk linos, AB-TC Headquarters (HAXTGH) to 1st provisional TC Group for Operations out of LI;1.B3RT0N. 2 - Full period teletype; trunk lines, KAXTCN

CO J-JUI -:..'iii.L t'X '\J i:

(2)

Later, 21 September 1944, when it was known 1st Composite Tactical Group v/as to be based at POPS FIELD, one (1) more full period talking circuit was emergency leased between AB-TG maneuver Headquarters I.-ACiCALL and FORT BRAGG, which was in turn extended to -the 349th TC Group switchboard. This last r.inutc arrival did not p r - . t as good telephone service to the cr-i Tactical Air Officer as would have been avail able If their base was known at the"tine of the original planning. Since 1st provisional TO Group was based at mAOHALL two (2) teletypewriters and linos wore extended fror AB-TG l.'.aneuver Headquarters to take care of that unit.

(3)

c.

Radio; (1) Task Force radio not consisted of two nets, a Ccnmand Hot Ho. 1 for all tactical traffic and Coniiand H,,t r o . 2 for G-2 Intelligence and Ad ministrative traffic. Stations in the net were: 2 - S0R-c99's (or equivalent) at AB-TG Haneuvcr Headquarters (Task Force), 1.A0KALL. 2 - S0R-390ts (or equivalent) at AB-TC Head quarters, I AXTOH departure field. 2 - SCR-490's jeep rcunted flown In by glider for 13th Airborne Division Headquarters In destination zone. (XXII Gorps was wired In by telephone and teletype to Fanouvcr Headquarters and being physically located In Faneuvcr Headquarters building, radio was not used.) (2) Task Force Headquarters was HGS station in both nets.

Report On Communications for AB-TC Bneuvor for 13th Airborne Division - Airborne Phase (cent'a) (3) 1st TAG had two (2) Air Command Parties with radio equipment One AC? was attached to 13th Airborne Division and the other stayed with Task Force (Fancuver) Headquarters. Radio silence was imposed on the Troop Carrier Aircraft and 13th Airborne Division in the air movement until initial landing. It is inter esting to note that emergencies arose necessi tating the serials in flight to break radio si lence ; (a) Take-off accident in which a C-47 broke silouc to indicate landing en another silence field. C-47 which became lost and asked for homing information. Reports of crash.

(4)

(b) (c) (5)

Pathfinder personnel scheduled to jump in one hour prior to main forces were in some cases delayed. The IP pathfinder take-off was said to be fifteen minutes late and in the jump the men were scattered so that it took about twenty minutes to organize and they were just about able to turn the equipment on ten minutes be fore arrival of first serial.

d.

Fes son'-;or t (1) Fessender service to departure airfields was by liaison airplane and was well used. Two scheduled runs per day were normal and on sev eral occasions additional special flights were rr.de. This vras supplemented by motor messenger or special occasion and in event of bad weather. In addition to tactical messenger service Fan