Design Computing

13. Beyond CAD & Graphics – BIM

11/25/2015CAD & Graphics II | HOM2027 | Fall 2015 | Every Wednesday 2:00 pm – 5:50 pm

Jin Kook Lee, PhD. 02-2220-2645 | designit@hanyang.ac.kr

Assistant Professor, Space & Design IT Lab.Department of Interior Architecture Design, Hanyang University

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Where we are

- Animation- Project Development

- Dec 2: Your Project Progress Report

- Dec 9: Final Project Dev.

- Dec 16: Final Project Presentation

What to do today

1. Lecture: BIM

2. Lab exercise: Animation-based Design Representation

3ds Max + Mental Ray (Vray) – Image sequence (more than 100 JPGs)

mp4 animation clip file

using what? 1) your design (SUP or 3ds Max) OR 2) given house interior (3ds Max model)

3. Requirements: JPG sequence images in your folder AND *.mp4 file

Submit this week’s LE today – the last Lab Exercise

4. Reporting & Developing the final term project by individual / team meeting

5. Final Project Development

An Intensive Progress Report NEXT WEEK

Case Study:

Introducing a BIM-enabled Design Approach

– An actual project currently working on

Building Model Reconstruction

An old apartment in YoungWol, Korea.

There are only blue prints.

How to make design & reconstruction?

CAD plans? SketchUP?

Building Model Reconstruction: using Revit (BIM)

Building Model Reconstruction: using Revit

Existing building mass

New building

Reconstruction scenario

Existing housing unit

Building Model Reconstruction: using Revit

BIM model

Building Model Reconstruction: using Revit

Existing

Buildings Units

Various BIM

Applications

Three building model alternatives: easy & quick modeling by BIM

Three housing unit alternatives: easy & quick modeling by BIM

Building Model Reconstruction: using Revit1인 가구 신혼부부 가구 노인 공동 주거

수직 증축

3D View

Plan

수평 증축

3D View

Plan

코어 증축

3D View

Plan

Application alt #1

Application alt #2

Application alt #3

Application alt #4

Application alt #5

Application alt #6

Application alt #7

Application alt #8

Application alt #9

More Applications: Design Review & Analysis

Daylight Analysis

More Applications: Design Review & Analysis

Daylight Analysis

More Applications: Design Review & Analysis

Area Calculation & Analysis

More Applications: Design Review & Analysis

Area Calculation & Analysis

Building Model Reconstruction: using Revit

Preliminary Energy Analysis

Analyze Energy Analysis

Building Model Reconstruction: using Revit

Preliminary Energy Analysis

Reference Slides Link: An Actual Building Remodeling Design by BIM

Roof

4F

3F

2F

1F

옥상정원

온열화원

주차장

History of Design Computing

A Short Timeline of Computer Aided Design

1970 1980 1990 2000 2010

First CAD System:Ivan Sutherland & Steven Coons, SketchPAD, MIT, 1961

Greenberg, Donald P. Computer Graphics in Architecture. Scientific American 230: 98-106, 1974

Popular CAD: AutoCAD1990 example on a Mac

Autodesk Revit 2012Market-leading BIM Tool

First Solid ModelerFirst CAD

First 3D Building

First Parametric Modeler

CATIA

Revit: Parametric Modeler in AEC

iPhone, iPadWWW SketchUP

History of computer-aided design is a history of understanding what is design

The design is a drawing of the product e.g. Geometric drafting in 2D

The design is a surface model of the product e.g. Geometric surface modeling in 3D

The design is a 3D model of the product e.g. Solid modeling

The design is an editable 3D model of the product e.g. Parametric modeling

The design is the integrated representation of

all the compositional, analytical and fabrication

representations of the product

(Geometry is just one part of the model) e.g. Product Data Modeling, Building Information Modeling

H

W

D

Parameters:H, W, D

+ Information

Information Modeling

This semester

Next semester

BIM (Building Information Modeling)

Video: What is BIM, for beginners – by Graphisoft

Video: What is BIM, for beginners 2

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QElAdXH_rQU

Why IT-based Technologies in AEC-FM Industry?

Design IT, Construction IT, etc.

Productivity: How to enhance the productivity in AEC industry?

Ref: BIM Handbook

IT-based strategic solutions: BIM-enabled technologies, IPD…

Efforts in General Industry – Business management strategies:

MIS

ERP

Lean Manufacturing

6-sigma (Jack Welch, GE, 1995 – 3.4 defects per million)

HR (Human Resources)

SCM (Supply Chain Management)

CRM (Customer Relationship Management)

…

IT-based solutions are important to facilitate reducing cost, improving quality.

They are BIM, IPD, IT-based management strategies, etc. in AEC-FM industry

Why BIM & IPD?

BIM: Building Information Modeling

IPD: Integrated Project Delivery

Building Project: Too many stakeholders

Ref: BIM Handbook

Building Lifecycle & BIM, IPD, Lean Integrated Project

Feasibility Study DesignConstruction

PlanningConstruction

Operation and

Management

Demolition

Planning

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Ref: BIM Handbook

BIM as it literally means “Information Modeling”

What is BIM?

BIM is a model plus database.- AIA (The American Institute of Architects)

BIM is a process.- Prof. Chuck Eastman

A Building Information Model (BIM) is a digital representation (computer interpretable representation) of physical and functional characteristics of a facility. As such it serves as a shared knowledge resource for information about a facility forming a reliable basis for decisions during its life-cycle from inception onward.

BIM은 시설물 (facility)의 물리적, 기능적 성격에 대해 컴퓨터가 해석 가능하도록 디지털화한 표현이다. 고로 BIM은 시설물 정보에 대해 그 시작부터 생애주기 전반에 걸쳐 신뢰할만한 결정을 내릴 수 있도록하는 공유 가능한 지식기반을 제공한다.

- buildingSMART, NIBS (National Inst. of Building Science), National BIM Standard Definition of BIM

Building Lifecycle – Lifecycle of “Building Information”

BIM Models

Design Construction

OperationDemolition

Analysis & simulation

Cost estimate / Quantity take-off & Scheduling

Specifications

Visualizations

Drawings

Rule checking / review

Building Lifecycle

Clash detection

4D Simulation& construction management

Rapid prototyping & digital fabrication

Information Value by time

Bill McNamara (2007) BIM and the Adaptive Design Process

BIM을 통해 얻고자 하는 목표:지속적인 건물정보의 생성과 누적, 적시 사용

Information Losses in conventional process

MacLeamy Curve

http://www.msa-ipd.com/MacleamyCurve.pdf

필요한 정보를 한 단계 앞서 얻어낼 수 있다면?또한 해당 정보가 예측가능하고 신뢰할만하다면?

Video: Open-BIM To share “information” with stakeholders

Building Lifecycle

Building Lifecycle

Feasibility Study DesignConstruction

PlanningConstruction

Operation and

Management

Demolition

Planning

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Feasibility Study

Design: Preliminary Concept Design, Final Concept Design

Design development: Design review, code checking, rule compatibility

checking…

Construction Planning: Engineering, Structural analysis, Detailing…

Virtual construction, Construction planning…

Construction: CM (construction management)

Operation & FM

Video: Building Lifecycle FM

Feasibility Study + Design

Feasibility Study DesignConstruction

PlanningConstruction

Operation and

Management

Demolition

Planning

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Feasibility Study

Excel spread sheet-based “Spatial Program Requirements”

Design guidelines for the specific building types

Project budgeting

Space Object-based Design in early phase of design

Feasibility Study DesignConstruction

PlanningConstruction

Operation and

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Demolition

Planning

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From Mass Design to Building

Mass Design to Floor modeling and Space modeling

Space Object-based Design

Space Object-based Design (No walls, no slabs… only space objects)

Drawings BIM

“Office” Labeled Polygon

Room Name: “Office”

Department Name: “Rentable Spaces”

Space Number: 250

Floor, Spatial Topology

NET Area, Height, Volume...

Relations, Topology Data

3D Geometry Data

……

Revit “Room” Instance

Label Text: “Office”

Layer Label Text: “Level 1”

2D or 3D Dummy Geometry

GUID

Name: “Office”

Zone Name: “Leasing Spaces”

Space Number: 250

Floor, Spatial Network

NET Area, Height, Volume...

Relations, Topology Data

3D Geometry Data

Information-rich Space Object

Standard Names

Standard Area, Required Area

Basic Rentable Area

ANSI/BOMA Category

Occupants Code

Energy Zone Type

Cost Estimate Data

Security Information

……

CAD Drawings “Room” in Revit Information-rich Space Object

BIM More Information

Design Quality Assurance by using BIM

Feasibility Study DesignConstruction

PlanningConstruction

Operation and

Management

Demolition

Planning

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Spatial Programming Review

Circulation Analysis

Case Study: US GSA’s BIM-based Courthouse Design

Feasibility Study DesignConstruction

PlanningConstruction

Operation and

Management

Demolition

Planning

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BIM Model

Space Program Review

Circulation & Security Rule Checking

Preliminary Energy Analysis

Preliminary Cost Estimation

- General spatial validation

- Compare to the program

- Area by Floor, Occupants, etc

- ANSI/BOMA based area calc

- Reusable Excel reporting

- PACES-based Cost DB

- GSA CH specific cost data

- Location-based cost data, etc

- Checking over 180 rules

- Evaluates thousands of paths

- Reporting problematic paths

- Reporting valid paths

- PDF reporting with images

- Creating energy zones

- Creating windows / shadings

- Analysis by rotated-direction

- Export to Energy Plus

- Reporting several results

More Review Issues

Space Program Review

Reviewing Design Alternatives: To support design selection/decisions

Circulation Analysis

2,700 circulation paths analysis in 10 seconds

Demo: Circulation Analysis

BERA Language on Autodesk Revit

http://usa.autodesk.com/adsk/servlet/index?siteI

D=123112&id=14965002

Case Study: BIM Awards

Feasibility Study DesignConstruction

PlanningConstruction

Operation and

Management

Demolition

Planning

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BIM Awards

BIM Awards

Construction Documentation & Construction

- Structural Design/Analysis, Engineering, MEP/HVAC System, Detailing…

- Construction Planning, Virtual Construction

- Construction Management (CM)…

Feasibility Study DesignConstruction

PlanningConstruction

Operation and

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Demolition

Planning

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Demos

Construction Process Visualization

Overall Process and BIM

CM demo video

Autodesk Showcase for AEC

As Built: Operation & Facility Management

- Finalize Construction: Commissioning

- Operation & Facility Management

Feasibility Study DesignConstruction

PlanningConstruction

Operation and

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Demolition

Planning

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Case Study: MGH

- Construction + Commissioning + BIM & Smart Device + FM

Feasibility Study DesignConstruction

PlanningConstruction

Operation and

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Demolition

Planning

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MGH: Maryland General Hospital

Construction + Commissioning + BIM & Smart Device + FM

Barton Malow website resource

BIM + More Computing Technologies

- Smart Devices

“This is a tool that we can no longer afford not to have.”

- Kenn Driscoll

Video File Formats

How to make an animation clip for design representation?

Theoretical Background for movie-making

SketchUP, Vray (3ds Max Design, Mental Ray, etc.)

SketchUP Scene-based animation: Movie file & JPG sequence

SketchUP + Vray render JPG sequence

Adobe Photoshop, After Effects, Daum PotEncoder, etc.

JPG Sequence a movie clip file (.mov)

Encoding them and converting into various movie formats (e.g. .mp4)

Power Director (Adobe Premiere, etc.)

Planning Your Movie-based Design Presentation

Edit your movie and export (encoding)

File formats and Codec for audio/video

From Edison’s Phonograph To digital files such as MP3, MP4, AVI…

- Nowadays all audio/video formats are digital

Uncompressed files are too big to handle: e.g. WAV, BMP, AVI (uncompressed)…

Most digital file formats are compressed formats, in different ways/standards

Compressed files: e.g. MP3, JPG, MP4, AVI (compressed), MPG…

Compressor / Decompressor Codec (for digital audio/video)

Codec plays an important role to store your audio/video/pictures etc. files into the computers, and to play those files

from the computers.

Internet (Web) Streaming file formats

streaming lets you to play audio/video while downloading: ra, wmv, wma, flv, swf…

Compression: Audio file examplehttp://www.crutchfield.com/S-N8m68AJP58L/learn/learningcenter/home/fileformats.html

Video File basics

Video

Screen size: pixels

- DVD (720X480pixel), HD (1280X720), Full HD (1920X1080)…

FPS: frame per second

- 25fps, 30fps, 10fps…

Bit rate: bit per second

- (K)BPS

Codec (file type) – Compression rate

- AVI, WMV, MP4, FLV, SWF…

Audio

Channel: 2Ch (Stereo), 5.1Ch (Dolby surround..)

Bit rate: 128kbps

Codec (file type): MP3, WAV, OGG…

Others

Caption, video effect, water mark…

Authoring a Video

Converting video file formats

Convert Audio file format using Pot Encoder:

1. Open a given mp3 file (3.3MB) OR open your any MP3 file

2. Convert it to smaller than 1MB

3. Save it as another MP3 file

Convert Video file format using Pot Encoder:

1. Open an mp4 video file (9.25MB) OR open your any movie file (short)

(Search YouTube video and download it using voobys.com, etc.)

2. Convert it to a smaller size file

3. Save it as *.AVI or *.WMV, or other file format (not original MP4)

4. Extract the audio from the video file – Save it as *.MP3 file (128kbps)

Save total 3 files: 1 movie file and 2 MP3 files under your named folder

Daum Pot Encoder – e.g. Encoding & simple editing

Camtasia Studio – e.g. Capturing screen movie clips

Adobe After Effects – e.g. Making movie clip using JPG sequence

Adobe Premiere – e.g. Making movie clip slower (more frames)

Flash – e.g. Web-supported movies & exe files

Power Director – e.g. Making your final video project

Import your libraries – e.g. Movie clips, Sound, Music, Images, Text call outs…

Place your components on the TimeLine – Editing final video

Adding Transition, Text call outs, music, control music volume, etc.

Saving your final project file: *.PDS file

Exporting a final video file: e.g. MP4, AVI…

Movie making basics

Component Library window

Movie Clips

Audio, Sound, BGM

Time Line window

Time slider: X axis: time in seconds, Controlling Key Frames

Video slot: Series of video movie clips Transition / Effect (e.g. Fade in/out)

Audio slot: Series of audio clips audio transition (e.g. Fade in/out)

Editing window

Insert and edit text, image, etc. (Call outs)

Preview window, other utility windows

Export

Exporting desired video file format considering Video Technical Specification

Movie making

Component Library window

Movie Clips

Audio, Sound, BGM

Time Line window

Time slider: X axis: time in seconds, Controlling Key Frames

Video slot: Series of video movie clips Transition / Effect (e.g. Fade in/out)

Audio slot: Series of audio clips audio transition (e.g. Fade in/out)

Editing window

Insert and edit text, image, etc. (Call outs)

Preview window, other utility windows

Export

Exporting desired video file format considering Video Technical Specification

Prep your own content (library) !

- ** Story Board !

- Render images

- Movie clips by 3ds Max etc.

- Audio, video clips…

- Text script - Put them into your folder

& library

- Place on your time line

according to your story

board

- Edit your movie

- Text flow, transition...

- Export your video file

Story Board: Content is Matter

A simple assignment: Making your Final Video Story Board

To draw your own “Story Board” for your final project

Lab Exercise: Freeform Tools in 3ds Max

- Primitive – Editable Poly – Freeform

- Edit Poly – Inset – Shell – MeshSmooth, TurboSmooth, etc.

Box primitive

Or any others

- Turn on Edged Faces

- Use real scale: e.g. 6mX6mX5m

- Turn on Total Polys (hit 7)

Freeform: similar to FFD,

Editable Poly, Noise, etc.

Editing Polys

in Edit Poly mode

Editing Polys

in Edit Poly mode

Box to a

freeform object

- Edit Poly (or Convert Editable Poly)

- Select Polygons & Freeform

- Inset Polys

- Delete Polys

Shell to create

3d object

Turbosmooth or

Meshsmooth

Iteration & other options

Quick Render using Environment_MentalRay.max

Lab Exercise: Making an animation clip

by 3ds Max – Camera

Lab Exercises: Making an animation clip – Camera

Make an animation clip using Camera Movement:

1. Open your Max model

2. Insert a camera

3. Setup animation environment (duration time, etc)

4. Select camera and control the time line

5. Set Key Frames to control your movie clip

6. Test run to click play button (No need to render)

7. Save your Max file that contains animation data

Save your Max file which contains animation data, under your named folder

Lab Exercise: Making an animation clip

by 3ds Max – Component

Lab Exercises: Making an animation clip – Component

Make an animation clip using Components:

1. Open your Max model

2. Insert a camera

3. Setup animation environment (duration time, etc)

4. Select components and control the time line

5. Set Key Frames to control your movie clip

6. Test run to click play button (No need to render)

7. Save your Max file that contains animation data

Save your Max file which contains animation data, under your named folder

Lab Exercise: Making an animation clip

by 3ds Max – Construction procedure

Lab Exercises: Making an animation – Construction Procedure

Make an animation clip using Components:

1. Design your story line for making a construction procedure video

2. Select all components and give them an animation effect

3. Open “Dope Sheet” window

4. Control appropriate animation sequence

5. Test run

6. Try to render it using a quick render options

Save your Max file which contains animation data, under your named folder

Lab Exercises:

- Editing JPG sequence images using Photoshop & its automated batch

Lab Exercises: Photoshop – editing several files in automation

Automated batch in Photoshop, using a specific action

1. Open Photoshop – Automate – batch

2. Setup automated batch for controlling several files in automation

Save your JPGs files under your named folder

Lab Exercises:

- After Effects – Making movie file from JPG sequence

Lab Exercises: AE – making movie from JPGs

Create an animation clip using JPGs in After Effects

1. Open After Effects – Import several files

2. Export file option setup and save a movie file

Save your MOV file under your named folder

Adobe After Effects – e.g. Making movie clip using JPG sequence

Next Class

Final Project Development