13 project monitoring and evaluation
TRANSCRIPT
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Raj K Pandey
PROJECT EVALUATION
1. Definition• 2 aspects 1) Value Judgement of evaluated subject
- A process of judgement of achievement of evaluated subject- A judgement of outcome from activity to achieve a certain target- value determination of something
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Raj K Pandey
2) Information for decision - data collection and interpretation of data- A process of determination, procurement, presentation of information that useful for decision making - Information gathering and use that
information for decision making of projects, i.e., output, process of project.
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Raj K Pandey
2. Evaluation Research- Base on research design- Data collection, analyze and process of data- Not aim to look for new theory - Aiming to test the application of new
knowledge in management and action- Evaluation is a process of information
formulation to judge something that leads to a decision making as systematically and with criteria.
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Raj K Pandey
- Evaluation is composed of :1) Measurement 2) Comparison
- Measurement is a process of determining status and amount - Comparision is a process of using the results from measurement to judge according to standard criteria.- Compare between before and after project.- Judgement between actual and plan
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Raj K Pandey
4 . Evaluation Process
Measurement Comparison
Description Decision
= Evaluation+
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Raj K Pandey
Purpose of Evaluation
- Identify objective and use of information
- Users of evaluation results, evaluation team, planners, implementation team, committee, executive, public, lawyer
- The purpose of evaluation is to improve the project management and implementation
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Good Evaluation must have the following information:
- How much project objective is achieved.
- Cost effective
- Effects of the projectWhat should be decided for the project
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Raj K Pandey
6 Functions of Evaluation 1) Information function
- Feedback to improve project 2) Professional function
- Increase understanding of project objectives and process- Success, failure, strength, weakness and recommendation
3) Organizational Function - Analysis of goal, purpose, strength,
weakness of organization structure
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Raj K Pandey
4) Political Function- Encourage the participation and benefit between planners and project managers
5) Socio-Psychological Function- build up the security of stakeholders
6) Historical Function - Record direction and lesson learn for future project implementation
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Scope and Coverage of Evaluation1) Internal/External
- Internal : by project staffs- External : increase the confidence of objectivity in
evaluation process
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2) Formation/Summative- Ongoing evaluation : information to improve process - Post-evaluation : aims to sum thing up to look at the achievement of project objectives
* Impact* Cost-effectiveness
* Outcomes3) Based on the unit of analysis
- participants- project- impact on community
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3 Phases of evaluation1) pre-implementation phase - emphasizes on project design and development - questions to be addresse
* target and objectives* resources planing * planning on activities and time frame* required personnel * report writing
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2) During the programme implementation phase- emphasizes on fact finding and effectiveness of project under various conditions- trend analysis
* process evaluation * experimental study
- questions:* before fully implementation * on-going implementation
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11. Before fully implementation- project verification V.S. sample of target group - questions:
1) operation is according to the plan2) quality of output is as expected3) problems, recommendation for improvement
12. On-going evaluation- check the output/outcome as plan- questions :
1) any changes according to objectives2) should continue or terminate
3) any improvement required
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3) At the programme phase
- evaluate outcome, impact and outputs of project- summative evaluation/cost-benefit analysis- questions:
1) innovation and dissemination 2) operation in the broad sense
* reasonal benefit/cost* should terminate, improve, correct or continue
* sustainable?
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11 steps in evaluation planning1) review project details2) set up objectives and indicators
SMARTS = SpecificM = MeasurableA = AchievableR = Result Oriented
T = Time bound
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Raj K Pandey
3) Develop evaluation schedule, when and whom data is collected
4) Sampling – for large project5) Type of data – look at objectives 6) Select and innovate instrument for data
collection7) Data collection plan 8) Data analysis plan – look at objectives9) Cost estimation10) Report and discloses information schedule11) Scope of evaluation
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Scope of evaluation depends on the purpose of evaluation
- To improve process or system 1) Emphasize on input and process
- To look at outcomes and effects1) Accomplishment and outcomes
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Full Project Evaluation is composed of 5 aspects:
- Context
- Input
- Process
- Product
- Effect/Impact
- Which aspect depends on time frame of
evaluation
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Pre implementation evaluation
- For project planning : compose of1. Context evaluation
- economic, social, politic- problem and community’s needs- target group
2. Input evaluation- check adequacy of input and quality to be used in project operation- appropriate technology- a feasibility of work plan, financial plan and staffs
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Formatives/Ongoing Evaluation- Evaluate process- Is the operation progress?- Is input appropriate?- Does activity contribute to the achievement of objective?- How much is the outcome/effects?- What is the strength and weakness?- What is the obstacle?- The results will lead to the activity, process improvement
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Post/Summative Evaluation- Look at product after project completion
* whether objective is achievable, as well as target
* whether the project is success according to the plan
- Evaluate after a certain period of project completion
* Impact evaluation* Output – outcomes* Both positive and negative impact
- Evaluation models : CIPP, CIPOO, CIPPI
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Evaluation Components : 2 aspects1. Contents of evaluation
- scope or components - objectives- questions- indicators
2. Methodology of evaluation- evaluation design- source of data- data collection, mean of verification, tools- data analysis
- evaluation criteria
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Essential components of evaluation design
- purpose of evaluation- users- objectivity- time bound- resource available
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Evaluation of policy, plan, project- 6 aspects
1) Effectiveness : want to know- policy, plan or project is success base on the objectives - output, outcomes are according to objective, target and expected results both quantitative and qualitative
2) Efficiency : want to know- How much is resource used in implementing the policy, plan or project?- What and how much are the effects?
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Efficiency of policy, plan or project is 2 folds 1) Technological efficiency
- Least cost to produce outputs or outcomes
2) Economic efficiency- The relationship between cost and benefit- Look at the increase of outcome
per unit of investment- Decrease the cost per unit of
outcome- Look at the effort/input and output
- Measure in financial term
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3) Sufficiency- policy, plan, project meet the
demand of beneficiaries at the level of
problem alleviation
4) Equality- who are the potential
beneficiaries of the project
5) Justice- The project is determine for the
people in the society
6) Appropriateness - Whether the activities, outputs
are complied to the need of
beneficiaries- Appropriate to area and time of project
implementation