1architectural construction oneWeek 6 Lecture 6 2015

FLOORSStaging Experiences

Floor systems are the horizontal planes that must support both the dead and live loads.

Floor systems must transfer their loads yhorizontally to either beams and columns or loadbearing walls or beams and hangers.

Floor system will consists of the following:

Plane Horizontal supports Finishes, Insulation, Damp Proofing

2JacobsenLe Corbusier

EamesAarnioKelsyus

Concepts of Floor Support System

3Century TowerFoster & Partners

Functions of floor slab

Transmit loadings

Diaphragm resisting lateral force

Horizontal fire compartments

Sound insulation against airborne noise & footsteps

I l ti Insulation

Damp proofing

Others..

4Lecture outline

Basic Floor Systems

Types of Floor ConstructionTimber, Steel, Concrete

Rethinking the Floor

Types of Floor Support System

Solid Floor Suspended Floor

5Hardcore Sand Blinding Laying of DPM

Insulation (Temperate) Cast Concrete Slab

Construction of a Solid Ground Slab

6Bitumen based Damp Proof Membrane

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8

9High density polyethylene membrane as protective layer over waterproofing

C t d E th FlCompacted Earth Floor

10

Emergency Shelters, Bhuj, IndiaShigeru Ban

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12

Sarimbun Scout CampAkitek Tenggara

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Suspended Timber FloorSolid Reinforced Concrete Ground Floor

14

Emerald Hill ShophouseWilliam Lim Architects

Solid Ground Floor Slab

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16

600mm

Fixing Boards on Joist

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Interfacing of Floor and Wall

Fixing Timber onto Concrete or Brickwork

Resin Anchor Bolt Expansion Bolt

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Yellow Tree House RestaurantAuckland, New Zealand

Peter Eising & Lucy Gauntlett

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20

21

22

Element Typical Depthd mm

Typical SpanL mm

Typical Span depth ratioL /d

TimberJoistWidth 50

200 -300 2000 - 6000 12 - 20

Width 50mm

RC beam 400 -700 5000 - 15000 14 - 20

Hot rolledUniversal beam

200 - 500 6000 30000 15 - 20

Steel lattice truss

1000 - 4000 12000 45000 8 - 15

Estimating Beam DepthRef: Orton, Andrew. 1994. The Way we Build Now. E & FN Spon

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Element Typical Depthd mm

Typical SpanL mm

Typical Span depth ratioL /d

Plywood floor deck

12 - 30 300 - 900 30 - 40

T&G Timber floor board

16 - 25 600 - 800 25 - 35

RC SlabOne way span

100 - 250 2000 - 7000 22 - 32

Composite slab

100 - 200 2000 - 4000 25 - 30

Estimating Slab DepthRef: Orton, Andrew. 1994. The Way we Build Now. E & FN Spon

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25

26

Visitor Centre at TanarimbaNgan Ching Woo

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Suspended Timber Floor

Keldy Castle Forest CabinCropton, Yorkshire, England Hird & Brooks Architects

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29

Cocoon HousePaul Rudolph

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31

Westminster LodgeEdward Cullinan

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33

Steel Connection

Welding Welding

Bolts

Plates / Angles

Connectors

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Beam to BeamBeam to ColumnConnections

Welded nodal connector at Swiss Re by Foster & Partners

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c. Composite floors with steel decking

Steel decking as reinforcement for concrete slab Mesh as anti-shrinkage cracks measure Bond between concrete, decking and beam Fire-engineering or add on fire protection Slab act as horizontal diaphragm

Steel Deck Floor will consist of the following:

Steel profile deck, galvanised reinforcement or formwork or bothConcrete floor slab, rigidity, sound insulation, fire protectionWire mesh reinforcement or prevention of cracking or bothShear Stud - bonding between slab & beam

Concrete

Wire mesh

Steel deck

Shear stud

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Primary beam

Secondary beam

9 m

3m 3m

Steel decking with 3m span unpropped

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Element Typical Depthd mm

Typical SpanL mm

Typical Span depth ratioL /d

TimberJoistWidth 50

200 -300 2000 - 6000 12 - 20

Width 50mm

RC beam 400 -700 5000 - 15000 14 - 20

Hot rolledUniversal beam

200 - 500 6000 30000 15 - 20

Steel lattice truss

1000 - 4000 12000 45000 8 - 15

Estimating Beam DepthRef: Orton, Andrew. 1994. The Way we Build Now. E & FN Spon

Element Typical Depthd mm

Typical SpanL mm

Typical Span depth ratioL /d

Plywood floor deck

12 - 30 300 - 900 30 - 40

T&G Timber floor board

16 - 25 600 - 800 25 - 35

RC SlabOne way span

100 - 250 2000 - 7000 22 - 32

Composite slab

100 - 200 2000 - 4000 25 - 30

Estimating Slab DepthRef: Orton, Andrew. 1994. The Way we Build Now. E & FN Spon

38

Composite Floor with Steel BeamsP t RC Fl ith St l BPrecast RC Floor with Steel Beams

Schulitz HouseBeverly Hills, California

H.C. Schulitz

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40

Farnsworth HouseMies van der Rohe

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42

43

Redefining & Rethinking the Floor

Community Bridge over Yilan River, TaiwanHuang Sheng YuanField Office

44

45

46

Sunken SeatsMontessori School, Delft

Herman HertzbergerHerman Hertzberger

Suitcase HouseGary Chang

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48

49

50

RomanUnder floor Heating

Radiant Floor Heating and Cooling

51

Floor meeting Column

Willemspark SchoolHerman Hertzberger

Hedmark Cathedral Museum Hamar, NorwaySvere Fehn

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Paving at Philopapou HillAthensDimitris Pikionis

We rejoice in the progress of our body across the uneven surface of the earth and our spirit is gladdened by the endless interplay of the three dimensions that we encounter with every step.

Dimitris Pikionis

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Slow downglass floor aheadHerman Hertzberger Aerdenhout School

Maritime Youth HouseCopenhagen, Denmark

Bjarke Ingels Group

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55

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Henderson Wave BridgeRSP Architects

All Glass FootbridgeRotterdam, Holland

Dirk Jan Postel

Span 3mFloor plate thickness 15 mmLaminated glassSide walls thickness 10mmSide walls thickness 10mmDoubled glazed6mm tempered glass

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Ching D.K. Francis, 2001. Building Construction Illustrated 3rd Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.Chapter 4

Element Typical Depthd mm

Typical SpanL mm

Typical Span depth ratioL /d

TimberJoistWidth 50

200 -300 2000 - 6000 12 - 20

Width 50mm

RC beam 400 -700 5000 - 15000 14 - 20

Hot rolledUniversal beam

200 - 500 6000 30000 15 - 20

Steel lattice truss

1000 - 4000 12000 45000 8 - 15

Estimating Beam DepthRef: Orton, Andrew. 1994. The Way we Build Now. E & FN Spon

58

Element Typical Depthd mm

Typical SpanL mm

Typical Span depth ratioL /d

Plywood floor deck

12 - 30 300 - 900 30 - 40

T&G Timber floor board

16 - 25 600 - 800 25 - 35

RC SlabOne way span

100 - 250 2000 - 7000 22 - 32

Composite slab

100 - 200 2000 - 4000 25 - 30

Estimating Slab DepthRef: Orton, Andrew. 1994. The Way we Build Now. E & FN Spon