162 166 (iii)
TRANSCRIPT
And…
• H needed oil– Forced
• Romania• Hungary• Bulgaria
– to support them
Meanwhile
• I invaded Greece, but was defeated
• G invaded Yugoslavia and G
• G+I were fighting in North Africa to take Suez canal
The phoney war ended in spring 1940
• By 1940 it was obvious that F & UK surrender wasn’t going to be easy
• In April, G invaded Denmark and Norway–British force
failed to help norwegians
1940-1943 North AfricaDesert warfare
• I advanced into Egypt
• Uk pushed them back to Libya
Rommel, Desert Fox
Terrible conditions
• Heat by day
• Lack of water
• Freeze at night
• Flies and diseases
• Open landscape
The Russian Front
H Plans• Destruction of communism
• Use slav peoples as slave labour– They were inferior
Operation Barbarossa. June 1941
• 3 attacks
• Stalin did not believe H could break the pact
• USSR was not ready
Lamenting the death. Searching for friends and relatives murdered by the Germans at
Kerch, the Crimea
Hitler’s Gamble
• Russian’s unprepared and weak
• Equipment outdated
• Many people against communism
• Time enough till winter
What went wrong?
• Distance and supply– 1500 km to Moscow
• Roads in bad conditions
• Scorched earth policy (política de tierra quemada)
• People against nazis– Due to brutality
Winter campaign
• Barbarossa was delayed due to Balkans
• G were unprepared
• G couldn’t reach targets– Leningrad– Moscow– Stalingrad
The rise of Japan 1930-1942
The war in the Far East didn’t begin at the same time as the war in Europe
• The war in Asia was caused by Japanese growth
• Japan had taken control of Korea in 1905 and Manchuria in 1931
• Many japanese people admired the strength and power of dictators like Hitler and Mussolini in Europe
• The army took more power, building up large and modern naval forces
A treaty was signed with Hitler in 1936
Anti-Comintern pact
• By 1941 Japan had taken control of large parts of eastern China
• To maintain their power and economic advantages the japanese needed supplies of coal, rubber, tin, oil and other raw materials
Japan planned a surprise attack on the USA
• The USA, worried by japanese expansion, had banned trade with Japan
Japanese expansion in 1940