17-2: Precipitates

Ion product (Q)

Can be compared with Ksp to determine if an aqueous soln of ions is supersaturated and will form a precipitate

Ksp< Q, soln is supersat., will ppt Ksp > Q, soln is unsat, will accept more ions Ksp = Q, soln is saturated

Precipitation rxn

A rxn in which 2 solns are mixed and a ppt forms

Use solubility rules on page 574 to predict if a ppt will form, and it so, what it is

All are double replacement reactions

Driving Forces of Rxns Driving forces allow less energy and are more

stable formation of a ppt formation of a gas formation of water

Complete ionic equation

shows all soluble ionic substances as ions Ex:

Net ionic equation

Includes only those ions that undergo a change

Ex:

Spectator ions

ions that do not take part in a rxn appear both before and after a reaction